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Carpinus laxiflora is a member of the family Betulaceae. In the present study, we analyzed the complete chloroplast genome sequence of C. laxiflora using the Ion Torrent Platform. We found that the...

Emission rates of biogenic hydrocarbon emitted from broad-leaved trees grown at Jeju Island were estimated using a dynamic enclosure method. Leaf temperature, PAR and relative humidity were monitored during the sampling time. The emission rates of isoprene and monoterpene were measured for five plants( Carpinus laxiflora , Quercus serrata , Styrax japonicus , Quercus acutissima , Quercus crispula ) during the sampling period at the Halla mountain sites. Among five tree species, the highest isoprene emission rate of 10.60 ㎍ gdw -1 hr -1 was observed for Quercus serrata . The seasonal emission rates were the highest during summer and the emission of isoprene was highly affected by light and temperature variations.The highest emission rate of isoprene was occurred between 13:00 and 14:00, but isoprene was not emitted in nighttime because of the absence of light. Key Words : Isoprene, Monoterpene, Emission rates, Broad-leaved tree, Dynamic enclosure chamber, Jeju Island 1) 1. 서 론

A taxonomic review of Bolitotrogus kurosonis Miyatake 1964 is presented. B. kurosonis is a fungivorous tenebrionid beetle and is a rare inhabitant of fungi on deciduous trees (Quercus, Carpinus laxiflora, etc.) in Korea. Sporophores of Inonotus mikadoi (Lloyd) Imaz. was the obligate feeding and breeding sites for this species in Jeju-do. A description, an additional key to the Korean Bolitophagini, fungal host, photographs of adult, and illustrations of diagnostic characteristics are provided.

This study has targeted Quercus acutissima forests in Korea and has classified the association between Quercus acutissima forests by using the phytosociological method. In addition, the correlation between each association, distribution, potential natural vegetation, and aspect of Quercus acutissima forest according to location have been analyzed to examine the characteristics of the Korean Quercus acutissima forests. Through factor analysis of DECORANA, it was revealed that Quercetum serrato-acutissimae forms in the basal zones of mountains, Quercetum mongolico-acutissimae is formed in the highlands, in the relatively high mountain area, and Carpino-Quercetum acutissimae is mainly distributed in valleys. However, this phenomenon is not very obvious, as each association structure is often mixed up. This result is caused by inhomogeneity of the Quercus acutissima forests, and most of it is distributed in basal zones or around farmlands where there are severe disturbance factors. The proposed potential natural vegetation of the Quercus acutissima forests in Korea is as follows; Quercetum serrato-acutissimae → Quercus aliena-Quercus serrata community → Quercus serrata community, Quercetum mongolico-acutissimae → Quercus aliena-Quercus mongolica community → Quercus mongolica community, Carpino-Quercetum acutissimae → Quercus aliena-Carpinus laxiflora community → Carpinus laxiflora community.

九州の冷温帯落葉広葉樹林の渓畔域において，異なる土性（砂質土壌および礫質土壌）に生育する渓畔種サワグルミの当年生実生の根系の形態を調査し，同じ環境に生育するアカシデおよびイヌシデと比較することにより，1）渓畔林構成種は土壌基質に順応して根系を展開しているか，2）順応の結果は生残率に影響を及ぼすか，を検討した。樹種間および土性間で根系を比較した結果，礫質土壌におけるサワグルミの最長側根長，最長根長（根系基部から根の先端までの最長距離）および最長側根長/主根長は最も高い値を示した。このことから，サワグルミは礫質土壌において側根を最も長く伸ばせるという特徴があり，アカシデおよびイヌシデに比べて礫質土壌に順応する能力が高いと考えられた。また，サワグルミの生残率は礫質土壌において高かったことから，サワグルミの礫質土壌に対する根系の順応が渓畔域での当年生実生の定着・生残に影響していることが示唆され，根系の順応はサワグルミの重要な特徴のひとつであろうと推察された。

From the fresh leaves of Carpinus laxiflora (Betulaceae), two new hydrolyzable tannins, carpinusin (2) and carpinusnin (3), have been isolated, together with thirteen known hydrolyzable tannins and related compounds, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of physico-chemical evidence