As a deacetylase relying on NAD, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been proven to inhibit osteoclastogenesis directly by repressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and TRPV1 channel stimulation modulated by TNF‐α. MicroRNAs do not have coding functions, but they influence the expression of particular genes after transcription. Nevertheless, the current understanding of the impact of SIRT1 on osteoclastogenesis is insufficient. Our research explored whether and how miRNAs contributed to osteoclast differentiation modulated by SIRT1 in vitro. In osteoclastogenesis induced by RANKL in bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMMs), repression of SIRT1 expression and enhancement of miR‐506 expression were discovered. Transfection with an miR‐506 inhibitor repressed miR‐506 concentration in BMMs treated with RANKL. Additional research revealed that BMMs with repressed miR‐506 treated with RANKL displayed phenotypes with suppressed osteoclastogenesis, as demonstrated by TRAP staining, reduced function, decreased expression of osteoclast markers and correlated genes, and reduced multinuclear cell quantity. Bioinformatics prediction outcomes and the dual‐luciferase reporter test suggested that miR‐506 targeted the SIRT1 3′‐UTR for silencing. Decreased miR‐506 in BMMs induced by RANKL caused SIRT1 upregulation. Additionally, treatment with EX‐527 (SIRT1 repressor) or SIRT1 silencing attenuated repression caused by miR‐506 depletion in BMMs treated with RANKL. Furthermore, TNF‐α was repressed via miR‐506 inhibition but was enhanced following EX‐527 incubation as well as SIRT1 depletion. TRPV1 channel stimulation and ROS generation, which was related to osteoclastogenesis, were reduced via miR‐506 depletion. miR‐506 modulated osteoclastogenesis by targeting SIRT1 expression in part through modulation of the TRPV1 channel, ROS production, and TNF‐α. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]