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The use of fiber-reinforced composite materials for the construction and rehabilitation of civil engineering structures is relatively new. Structural members are routinely joined by bolted connections. Bolted connections are relatively easy to assemble and maintain, and are capable of transferring the high loads that typically occur in civil engineering structures. Currently there is a serious lack of knowledge on the behavior and design of bolted connections for fiber-reinforced composites. In light of this, a comprehensive experimental and analytical investigation was conducted at the University of Manitoba to study the behavior of bolted connections in composite materials appropriate for civil engineering applications. A total of 102 single-bolt connections were tested up to failure. The various parameters investigated were the width of the structural member, the edge distance, the thickness, and the direction of the fibers with respect to the applied load. The experimental program also included comprehensive material testing to determine the various in-plane material properties. This paper discusses the experimental program, test results, and various modes of failure as affected by the foregoing parameters. From the test results an analytical model and design procedure were developed as proposed in a companion paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]