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The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide (IOP) on blood lipids and its regulation on the intestinal flora in hyperlipidemia rats, and explore the modern biological connotation of IOP in reducing blood lipids. In this study, we obtained the crude IOP by the water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, and then classified it by DEAE ion‐exchange chromatography to obtain the acidic I. obliquus polysaccharide (IOP‐A). After the administration of the IOP‐A, the serum TC, TG, and LDL‐C levels were significantly lower, while the serum HDL‐C levels were significantly higher. The expression of CYP7A1 protein was considerably increased, whereas the expression of SREBP‐1C protein was considerably decreased in the rat hepatic tissue. In addition, the IOP‐A could significantly alleviate the hepatocyte fatty degeneration in the liver lobule of rats. We believe that the IOP‐A can affect the composition of intestinal flora by reducing the relative abundance of Firmicutes and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes. These findings indicated that the IOP‐A can regulate the dyslipidemia of hyperlipidemia rats, and its mechanism may be through regulating the CYP7A1 and SREBP‐1C expression in the metabolism of lipids, and correcting the imbalance of intestinal flora structure caused by a high‐fat diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present research envisaged the effects of Agaricus blazei Murrill polysaccharides (ABPs) on blood lipids and its role in regulation of the intestinal microflora in hyperlipidemic rats. The acidic polysaccharide fraction of Agaricus blazei Murrill was obtained by DEAE‐cellulose ion exchange column chromatography. The sugar content of ABP was 75.1%. Compared with the model group (MG), the serum TC, TG, and LDL‐C levels decreased (p <.05 or p <.01) and the HDL‐C levels increased (p <.01) significantly in the ABP group. Expression of CYP7A1 was up‐regulated (p <.01), and that of SREBP‐1C (p <.05) was down‐regulated significantly in the liver tissue of rats in the ABP group. Additionally, the disordered hepatic lobules and the steatosis of hepatocytes were found to be significantly alleviated in the ABP group. We believe that ABP can reduce the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes and reduce the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Ruminococcaceae_unclassified, and Ruminococcaceae, increasing the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Clostridium_sensu_stricto, Allobaculum, Peptostreptococcaceae, Clostridiaceae_1, and Erysipelotrichaceae as targets to regulate blood lipids. The results showed ABP could regulate the dyslipidemia in rats with hyperlipidemia. The mechanism may be through the regulation of the imbalance of intestinal microflora induced by the high‐fat diet in rats, which may be one of the important ways of its intervention on the dyslipidemia induced by high‐fat diet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]