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The term trialogue means the best possible equally contributing cooperation between affected patients and therapists as well as the self-evident inclusion of relatives. This is true for therapy, antistigma efforts by the planning of care, in associations such as the German Society for Bipolar Disorders and by assimilation of guidelines. Trialogue has a history and in its current version many levels and a hopeful vision of characteristics of understanding and treatment. This idea is presented here and relationships with characteristics of understanding and therapy of bipolar disorders will be made. Finally the recommendations of guidelines on trialogue will be presented and essential headings will be discussed under the aspect of trialogue: where and how are basic ideas and core demands of associations of affected persons and relatives considered? How is the process of trialogue to be assessed for the assimilation of guidelines? What are the chances and risks for the implementation? How can trialogue support the implementation? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theory of personal constructs, indicates that the discriminations made by an individual using his own personal constructs have dichotomous bipolar characteristics. This is in contrast to the "shades of gray" or normal curve characteristics so often found in statistical data based on normative, physical, and socially derived constructs. it is held that the basic unit of discrimination performed by the individual is to distinguish two or more elements as being like each other and at the same time different from one or more other elements. Ultimately, the likeness or non-likeness is responded to as an all-or-none phenomenon. If one responds in terms of degrees or gradations of similarity, this merely means that a number rather than a single discriminative operation is involved.