1. Theoretical Study of a Two-Photon Fluorescent Probe Based on Nile Red Derivatives with Controllable Fluorescence Wavelength and Water Solubility
- Author
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Jing-Fu Guo, Li-Ying Yu, Li-Bo Yu, Ai-Min Ren, Wei-bo Cui, Xue-hui Guo, Ze-xing Qu, Xue Wei, Teng-Fei He, and Xue-Li Hao
- Subjects
Aqueous solution ,General Chemical Engineering ,Nile red ,Quantum yield ,Chemical modification ,Water ,General Chemistry ,Library and Information Sciences ,Models, Theoretical ,Fluorescence ,Computer Science Applications ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Two-photon excitation microscopy ,Solubility ,Oxazines ,Biophysics ,Humans ,Absorption (electromagnetic radiation) ,Fluorescent Dyes - Abstract
Hypochloric acid (HOCl) plays a vital role in the natural defense system, but abnormal levels of it can cause cell damage, accelerated human aging, and various diseases. It is of great significance to develop new probes for detecting HOCl in biosystems nondestructively and noninvasively. The purpose of this work is to explore new chemical modification strategies of two-photon excitation fluorescence (TPEF) probes to improve the poor water solubility and low efficiency in imaging applications. Nil-OH-6 has a two-photon absorption cross-section value as high as 243 GM and attains a good quantum yield of 0.49. In addition, the modification of terminal groups with different azetidine-heterospirocycles or N,N-dialkyl fused amino groups to Nile Red can effectively improve the fluorescence efficiency as well as increase the solubility to some extent. This study provides some strategies to simultaneously improve the fluorescence performance and solubility of these two-photon probes and, hence, reliable guidance and a foundation for the subsequent synthesis of TPEF probes based on Nile Red.
- Published
- 2021