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The natural extract of Caryophyllus aromaticus (clove) and aluminum oxide nanoparticles (NPs) was packed in honey/chitosan (HTCs) to manufacturing biocompatible antibacterial nanofibrous wound bandage. This work will compare two types of antibacterial agents, the first is a natural extract which is the clove extracted from Caryophyllus aromaticus, and the second is metal nanoparticles, which are aluminum 0xide nanoparticles. The clove extract (CE) and aluminum oxide NPs (Al2O3 NPs) are enriched to the HTCs to prepare the HTCs-CE, HTCs-Al2O3NPs, and HTCs-CE/Al2O3 NPs nanofibers mates respectively. All prepared mats were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). In vitro, antibacterial testing against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, P. vulgaris, and s. pyogenes were carrying out in comparison with the Meropenem and Imipenem antibiotics. MTT assay is used for the evaluation of the cell viability and the cell proliferation of developed nanofibers. The result appears that all HTCs, HTCs-CE, HTCs-Al2O3NPs, and HTCs-CE/Al2O3NPs treatments have a different ability to inhibit bacterial growth depend on bacterial types. These treatments are showed significantly greater efficiency in bacterial growth inhibition as compared with all mentioned antibiotics. 0n the other hand, the cell culture studies proved that the nanofiber mats have good biocompatibility compared to the commercial Aquacel®Ag. The MTT assay results indicated that the nanofiber mats become more effective in cell viability and proliferation as compared with the control. Moreover, all HTCs, HTCs-CE, HTCs-Al2O3NPs, and HTCs-CE/Al2O3NPs showed significant effects on cell viability and proliferation compared with the commercial dressing Aquacel®Ag. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]