66,051 results
Search Results
52. Hybrid Method to Solve a Two-Stage Stochastic Biofuel Hub-and-Spoke Network Problem
- Author
-
Aboytes-Ojeda, Mario, Castillo-Villar, Krystel K., and Sayigh, Ali, Series Editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
53. Utilization of Biomass Energy in Cement Production: A Pathway Towards Sustainable Infrastructure
- Author
-
Adesina, Adeyemi, Awoyera, Paul, and Sayigh, Ali, Series Editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
54. Colloquium paper: Megafauna biomass tradeoff as a driver of Quaternary and future extinctions.
- Author
-
Barnosky AD
- Subjects
- Animals, Ecology, Humans, Species Specificity, Biomass, Extinction, Biological
- Abstract
Earth's most recent major extinction episode, the Quaternary Megafauna Extinction, claimed two-thirds of mammal genera and one-half of species that weighed >44 kg between approximately 50,000 and 3,000 years ago. Estimates of megafauna biomass (including humans as a megafauna species) for before, during, and after the extinction episode suggest that growth of human biomass largely matched the loss of non-human megafauna biomass until approximately 12,000 years ago. Then, total megafauna biomass crashed, because many non-human megafauna species suddenly disappeared, whereas human biomass continued to rise. After the crash, the global ecosystem gradually recovered into a new state where megafauna biomass was concentrated around one species, humans, instead of being distributed across many species. Precrash biomass levels were finally reached just before the Industrial Revolution began, then skyrocketed above the precrash baseline as humans augmented the energy available to the global ecosystem by mining fossil fuels. Implications include (i) an increase in human biomass (with attendant hunting and other impacts) intersected with climate change to cause the Quaternary Megafauna Extinction and an ecological threshold event, after which humans became dominant in the global ecosystem; (ii) with continued growth of human biomass and today's unprecedented global warming, only extraordinary and stepped-up conservation efforts will prevent a new round of extinctions in most body-size and taxonomic spectra; and (iii) a near-future biomass crash that will unfavorably impact humans and their domesticates and other species is unavoidable unless alternative energy sources are developed to replace dwindling supplies of fossil fuels.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
55. Intermediate Pyrolysis of Coconut Shells: Economics Related to Power Generation
- Author
-
Dasari, Kiran Kumar, Gumtapure, Veershetty, Singh, Suneet, editor, and Ramadesigan, Venkatasailanathan, editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
56. Study of Kinetics and Reactivity Parameters of Indian Coal and Biomass Blends
- Author
-
Kumar, Ankit, Das Ghatak, Manjula, Saha, Sujan, Chavan, Prakash D., Singh, Suneet, editor, and Ramadesigan, Venkatasailanathan, editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
57. An Assessment of Properties of Briquettes Produced from Blends of Cascabela Thevetia Seed Shell, Maize Corn Cob and Black Liquor
- Author
-
Ujjinappa, Santhosh, Sreepathi, L. K., Singh, Suneet, editor, and Ramadesigan, Venkatasailanathan, editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
58. Studies on Biomass Torrefaction for Energy Densification of the Fuel
- Author
-
Budde, Pradeep Kumar, Pandey, Jay, Singh, Suneet, editor, and Ramadesigan, Venkatasailanathan, editor
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
59. Wood-ethanol for climate change mitigation in Canada.
- Author
-
Graham PJ, Gregg DJ, and Saddler JN
- Subjects
- Agriculture methods, Agriculture standards, Canada, Climate, Industrial Waste, Biomass, Ethanol isolation & purification, Paper, Wood
- Abstract
The impetus for this paper is Canada's commitment under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change to reduce national greenhouse gas emissions as well as reducing our dependency on fossil fuels. Wood-based ethanol offers an excellent opportunity for greenhouse gas mitigation due to market potential, an ability to offset significant emissions from the transportation sector, a reduction of emissions from CO2-intensive waste-management systems, and carbon sequestration in afforested plantations. While there are technological and economic barriers to overcome, using wood-biomass as a source of ethanol can be an economically viable tool for reducing greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere. This paper examines the costs and mitigation potential of the production of ethanol from biomass supplied from industrial wood waste as well as from trees harvested from afforested land.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
60. Selected paper from 6th International Conference on Renewable Energy Sources (ICoRES 2019)
- Author
-
Jewiarz, Marcin and Jewiarz, Marcin
- Subjects
Research & information: general ,Biochemical Methane Potential Correction Coefficient ,Borehole Heat Exchanger (BHE) ,CFD ,Chinese cabbage ,Cup plant ,FEFLOW ,Giant miscanthus ,Miscanthus ,Scots pine ,Virginia mallow ,agriculture ,algae ,anti-gravity ,artificial neural network ,biogas ,biomass ,biomass conversion ,briquettes production ,bubble pump ,calorific value ,carbon dioxide ,combustion ,combustion simulation ,compaction ,corn ,cylindrical LED light coat ,decision support system ,density ,design ,die ,disc-mill ,drying ,durability ,efficiency ,exploitation of energy sources ,finite element modeling ,greenhouse gases ,grinding ,ground source heat pump ,heating and ventilation systems ,industrial-scale efficiency ,laboratory-scale efficiency ,loss prevention ,management ,mechanical durability ,moisture content ,multilayer perceptron ,passive heat transport ,pellets ,perennial biomass ,photobioreactor ,photosynthetic microorganisms ,pollutant emissions ,poultry slaughterhouse waste ,pressure compaction ,reduction of pollutant emissions ,refuse-derived fuel ,refuse-derived fuel (RDF) ,renewable energy ,rice ,sawdust ,single-family houses ,slow release fertilizers ,small-scale thermal energy storage ,solar collector ,solid density ,specific density ,spent coffee grounds ,stove ,thermal imbalance of the ground source ,thermal measurements ,thermosiphon ,tracking lighting ,willow - Abstract
Summary: Thank you for reaching for this book. It is a summary of the research presented at the 6th International Conference on Renewable Energy Sources (ICORES19), which took place in Krynica, Poland, in June 2019. This event is the most recognizable scientific meeting connected to RES in Poland. From the very beginning, this conference has been a unique occasion for gathering Polish and international researchers' perspectives on renewable energy sources and balancing them against governmental policy considerations. Accordingly, the conference has also offered panels to discuss best practices and solutions with local entrepreneurs and federal government bodies. The meeting attracts not only scientists but also industry representatives, as well as local and federal government personnel. We are open to new and fresh ideas concerning renewable energy, which is why so many scientists from Central and Eastern Europe visit Krynica to discuss the "Green Future" of this region. In 2019, the conference was organized by the University of Agriculture in Krakow, in cooperation with the AGH University of Science and Technology (Krakow), the State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya, the University of Žilina, the International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR) and the Polish Society of Agricultural Engineering. Honorary auspices were made by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland, the rector of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, the rector of the AGH University of Science and Technology and the rector of the State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya.
61. Flexible, recyclable, and green fiber paper composites for HCHO degradation.
- Author
-
Zheng, Run, Zhang, Xiao, Meng, Ling, Wang, Xingjie, Zhao, Lihong, Li, Huiling, and Ren, Junli
- Subjects
- *
CARBON-based materials , *FIBROUS composites , *GAS purification , *PLANT fibers , *CATALYTIC activity , *CHEMICAL purification - Abstract
Renewable biomass-based activated carbon fiber paper (ACFP) possesses a three-dimensional network porous structure for high-efficient toxic gas purification. However, intelligently building high catalytic activity biomass-based carbon materials with superior flexibility remains a significant challenge. Herein, a series of paper-based catalysts (MnO 2 /ACFP) with varying MnO 2 loadings were fabricated by combining MnO 2 -loaded ACF and softwood (Pinales) fiber via a wet-papermaking process. The precursor derives from abundant and green biomass, meanwhile, the channels of plant fiber facilitate gas flow and the effective dispersion of active sites. Noteworthy, the introduction of softwood fiber imparts flexibility to the catalyst, enabling it to be folded, wound, and bent without compromising mechanical strength, thus exhibiting excellent processability. Formaldehyde (HCHO) removal in a static system was applied to evaluate their reactivities. Among all, MnO 2 /ACFP-1.7 (12.22 wt% Mn) shows 100 % removal of HCHO in 1 h with a turnover frequency value of 0.01526 min−1, being more than 10 times that of the bulk MnO 2 particles. The underlying mechanism for the enhanced catalytic performance can be ascribed to the synergistic effect of its stronger gas capture ability together with more exposed active sites. This work provides insight into the design of a flexible and environmentally friendly catalyst for the degradation of organic contaminants. [Display omitted] • MnO 2 -loaded ACF and softwood fiber were combined by the wet-papermaking process. • This catalyst exhibits excellent flexibility and good air permeability. • It can be applied as a paper-based catalyst for HCHO oxidation. • This catalyst presents superior catalytic activity and excellent recycle stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
62. Germination and biometric parameters of seedlings grown on solid pulp and paper waste medium
- Author
-
Tebenkova, D. N., Lukina, N. V., Vorobyev, R. A., Orlova, M. A., and Gagarin, Yu. N.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
63. Fast co-pyrolysis of paper mill sludge and corn stover: Relationships between parameters, product distributions, and synergistic interactions.
- Author
-
Lin, Xiaona, Guo, Yadong, Tang, Binbin, Fu, Peng, Li, Hongtao, Zhang, Jingfa, and Li, Peng
- Subjects
- *
CORN stover , *BIOCHAR , *PAPER mills , *FIXED bed reactors , *POROSITY , *WASTE recycling - Abstract
The co-pyrolysis of paper mill sludge (PS) and biomass has attracted significant attention due to its potential for simultaneous resource utilization and waste disposal. In this work, the co-pyrolysis of PS with corn stover (CS) was carried out in a fixed bed reactor to investigate the effect of temperature and PS to CS ratio on the product characteristics. A comparison between the experimental and calculated values of product yield and composition was performed to obtain a deeper understanding of the synergistic interactions. The results exhibited a positive synergistic effect on bio-oil production at lower CS proportions with higher temperatures. Higher temperatures and lower CS proportions were favorable for the formation of aromatics (up to 45.03%) in co-pyrolysis, while the synergistic interactions promoted the production of phenols and exhibited an inhibitory effect on aromatics production. The interactions also inhibited H 2 but promoted CO production due to the enhanced decarbonylation of co-pyrolysis intermediates in the presence of PS internal minerals. Additionally, the characterization of biochars indicated an increasing degree of aromaticity with higher temperatures and CS proportions. The synergistic interactions at higher temperatures facilitated the development of pore structures in the biochar, especially micropores. This study provides valuable insights into the relationship between parameters, products, and synergies in the co-pyrolysis of PS and biomass wastes. [Display omitted] • A comprehensive study on the co-pyrolysis of paper sludge and corn stover was conducted. • Lower corn stover ratios with higher temperatures jointly promoted bio-oil yield. • The formation of phenols and CO was synergistically enhanced during co-pyrolysis. • Higher temperatures facilitated the development of micropores in the biochars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
64. Application of artificial intelligence to maximize methane production from waste paper.
- Author
-
Olabi, A.G., Nassef, Ahmed M., Rodriguez, Cristina, Abdelkareem, Mohammad A., and Rezk, Hegazy
- Subjects
- *
WASTE paper , *STANDARD deviations , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *METHANE , *FUZZY logic , *PARTICLE swarm optimization - Abstract
Summary: This article proposes a methodology based on artificial intelligence to enhance methane production from waste paper. The proposed methodology combines fuzzy logic‐based modelling and modern optimization. Firstly, a robust Adaptive Network‐based Fuzzy Inference System model of methane production process through fuzzy logic modelling is created using experimental datasets. Second, a particle swarm optimizer was used to obtain the optimal process conditions. During the optimization procedure, the beating time and feedstock/inoculum ratio are employed as decision variables in order to maximize methane production. The obtained resulted from the proposed methodology are compared with those obtained by response surface methodology. The results of the comparison confirmed the superiority of the proposed methodology. The fuzzy model shows a better fitting to the experimental data compared to ANOVA. The fuzzy model showed a higher coefficient of determination and a lower value of root mean squared errors compared to ANOVA. Moreover, the proposed strategy, that is, modelling and optimization, is an effective method for increasing the biomethane yield at extended range conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
65. A fluorescence visual detection for glyphosine based on a biomass carbon quantum dot paper-based sensor.
- Author
-
Wang, Xiaoyan, Lv, Yiju, Kong, Xiangfei, Ding, Zhiyuan, Cheng, Xia, Liu, Zheng, and Han, Guo-Cheng
- Subjects
- *
QUANTUM dots , *FLUORESCENCE , *PESTICIDE residues in food , *PESTICIDE pollution , *BIOMASS , *DETECTION limit - Abstract
Pesticide residues are a serious problem towards agriculture, environment and food safety, so it is highly desirable to develop a swift, efficient and portable pesticide detection method. A fluorescence visual sensing method for glyphosine based on a nitrogen-doped biomass carbon quantum dot (N-CQD) paper-based sensor was developed. The fluorescence signal was quenched by Fe3+ in a static quenching process, and then the fluorescence of N-CQDs was recovered after adding glyphosine. Under the optimal experimental conditions and when tested with a fluorescence spectrofluorometer, the detection of glyphosine showed a two-stage linear pattern in the range of 0.1–0.6 μM and 0.6–1.6 μM with a detection limit of 0.075 μM. Then, the RGB values of different concentrations of glyphosine on the filter paper chip were detected by the software of the smartphone-color identifier. The logarithm of the glyphosine concentration was linearly related to the G value of RGB in the range of 0.25–10.00 mM and with a detection limit of 0.15 mM. The method was applied to measuring glyphosine-spiked juice and flour samples, and the recovery rates were 87.60–112.69% and 93.27–105.83%, respectively. The proposed N-CQDs/Fe3+ system had wide applications, and it was expected to be fast and effective at detecting pesticide residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
66. Integration of the biorefinery concept for the development of sustainable processes for pulp and paper industry.
- Author
-
Mongkhonsiri, Ghochapon, Gani, Rafiqul, Malakul, Pomthong, and Assabumrungrat, Suttichai
- Subjects
- *
SUSTAINABLE development , *PAPER industry , *LIGNOCELLULOSE , *BIOMASS , *COMPUTER-aided design - Abstract
Highlights • Superstructure of integrated biorefinery in pulp and paper industry was developed. • It includes pulping, biochemical production and black liquor utilization sections. • Lignocellulosic biomass extracted from eucalyptus and bagasse are the feedstocks. • Potential of integrated biorefinery process was illustrated in three scenarios. • Integrated succinic acid and lactic acid can improve profitability. Abstract This work aims at developing sustainable processes for pulp and paper industry by integration of the biorefinery concept to an existing pulp and paper process. A systematic methodology employing a superstructure-based process synthesis approach is employed with support from computer-aided tools to determine potential pathways for a long-term sustainable growth objective. A superstructure of the multi-product biorefinery process network for the pulp and paper industry is developed. It is divided into three sub-networks, a chemical pulping section, a biochemical production section and a black liquor utilization section. Superstructure optimization is performed with the objective to maximize profit to determine optimal integrated networks for three scenarios. The obtained results provide useful insights for further development of the optimal networks as sustainable integrated biorefinery combined with pulp and paper mills. Graphical abstract Image, graphical abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
67. Solar-Driven Photobleaching of Lignocellulosic Biomass.
- Author
-
Grigorescu, Ramona Marina, Iancu, Lorena, Ion, Rodica-Mariana, David, Madalina Elena, and Slămnoiu-Teodorescu, Sofia
- Subjects
LIGNOCELLULOSE ,BIOMASS ,ABSORPTION spectra ,PAPER industry ,NATURAL resources - Abstract
Lignocellulose material is the main natural resource for the pulp and paper industry, and for its application the material should have a degree of whiteness as high as possible. For this reason, different bleaching treatments were applied during time. In this paper, the photobleaching induced by solar light of a lignocellulosic biomass using NaClO was studied. The colorimetric measurements, UV spectra absorption, and FTIR spectra changes are evaluated and discussed in this paper. The changes of L*a*b parameters can be considered a proof of the reactions generated by hypochlorite radicals during solar light exposure, leading to a biomass whitening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
68. A Methodological Framework for Decomposing the Value-Chain Economic Contribution: A Case of Forest Resource Industries of the Lake States in the United States.
- Author
-
Gc, Shivan, Thapa, Ichchha, Pokharel, Raju, Alward, Greg, Lamsal, Basanta, Poudel, Jagdish, Dahal, Ram, Joshi, Omkar, Parajuli, Rajan, Wagner, John, and Leefers, Larry
- Subjects
FORESTS & forestry ,FOREST products industry ,LOGGING ,PAPER mills ,MATRIX decomposition ,SECONDARY forests ,BIOMASS conversion - Abstract
The forest products industries play a vital role in the economic, social, and environmental well-being of the Lake States in the United States. While various economic contribution analyses of forest products industries have been conducted to highlight the importance of such industries to regional economies, little effort has yet been made to parse out the contribution of activities in the value chain. The value chain is a series of steps involved in producing goods or services. This study used a matrix decomposition approach to estimate the economic contribution along the value chain through multiple pathways of four forest resource-based industries using wood as inputs: biomass power generation, sawmills, paper mills, and the construction of new single-family residential structures in the Lake States. The direct and indirect economic output values in 2017 resulting from the construction of new single-family residential structures were $19.1 billion, sawmills were $2.5 billion, paper mills were $17.6 billion, and the biomass power generation industry was $759 million. Of the direct and indirect economic output contributed by each industry, the highest percentage of output attributable to the logging industry was observed from the sawmills industry (12%), followed by biomass power generation (9%), paper mills (1.4%), and the construction of new single-family residential structures (<1%), respectively. The percentage of total economic output attributable to the stumpage industry in the region followed a similar trend as commercial logging for all value-chain industries. The relative economic contribution of the value-chain industries to the total economic contribution of the final industry varied based on whether the industry was a primary or secondary forest products industry and the pathways used for sourcing wood inputs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
69. Functional characterization of biodegradable films obtained from whole Paecilomyces variotii biomass.
- Author
-
Martinez EA, Salvay AG, Sanchez-Díaz MR, Ludemann V, and Peltzer MA
- Subjects
- Biopolymers chemistry, Biopolymers metabolism, Biodegradation, Environmental, Hot Temperature, Paecilomyces metabolism, Paecilomyces chemistry, Biomass, Food Packaging methods, Sterilization methods
- Abstract
The indiscriminate use of petroleum-based polymers and plastics for single-use food packaging has led to serious environmental problems due the non-biodegradable characteristics. Thus, much attention has been focused on the research of new biobased and biodegradable materials. Yeast and fungal biomass are low-cost and abundant sources of biopolymers with highly promising properties for the development of biodegradable materials. This study aimed to select a preparation method to develop new biodegradable films using the whole biomass of Paecilomyces variotii subjected to successive physical treatments including ultrasonic homogenization (US) and heat treatment. Sterilization process had an important impact on the final filmogenic dispersion and mechanical properties of the films. Longer US treatments produced a reduction in the particle size and the application of an intermediate UT treatment contributed favorably to the breaking of agglomerates allowing the second US treatment to be more effective, achieving an ordered network with a more uniform distribution. Samples that were not filtrated after the sterilization process presented mechanical properties similar to plasticized materials. On the other hand, the filtration process after sterilization eliminated soluble and hydratable compounds, which produced a reduction in the hydration of the films., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
70. Sustainable application of modified Luffa cylindrica biomass for removal of trimethoprim in water by adsorption with process optimization.
- Author
-
Coutinho R, Hoshima HY, Vianna MTG, and Marques M
- Subjects
- Adsorption, Water chemistry, Kinetics, Luffa chemistry, Water Pollutants, Chemical chemistry, Biomass, Trimethoprim chemistry, Water Purification methods
- Abstract
The present study describes a set of methodological procedures (seldom applied together), including (i) development of an alternative adsorbent derived from abundant low-cost plant biomass; (ii) use of simple low-cost biomass modification techniques based on physical processing and chemical activation; (iii) design of experiments (DoE) applied to optimize the removal of a pharmaceutical contaminant from water; (iv) at environmentally relevant concentrations, (v) that due to initial low concentrations required determination by ultra-performance liquid phase chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). A central composite rotational design (CCRD) was employed to investigate the performance of vegetable sponge biomass (Luffa cylindrica), physically processed (crushing and sieving) and chemically activated with phosphoric acid, in the adsorption of the antibiotic trimethoprim (TMP) from water. The optimized model identified pH as the most significant variable, with maximum drug removal (91.1 ± 5.7%) achieved at pH 7.5, a temperature of 22.5 °C, and an adsorbent/adsorbate ratio of 18.6 mg µg
-1 . The adsorption mechanisms and surface properties of the adsorbent were examined through characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), point of zero charge (pHpzc ) measurement, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), specific surface area, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The best kinetic fit was obtained by the Avrami fractional-order model. The hypothesis of a hybrid behavior of the adsorbent was suggested by the equilibrium results presented by the Langmuir and Freundlich models and reinforced by the Redlich-Peterson model, which achieved the best fit (R2 = 0.982). The thermodynamic study indicated an exothermic, spontaneous, and favorable process. The maximum adsorption capacity of the material was 2.32 × 102 µg g-1 at an equilibrium time of 120 min. Finally, a sustainable and promising adsorbent for the polishing of aqueous matrices contaminated by contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) at environmentally relevant concentrations is available for future investigations., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
71. Is urbanization a driver of aboveground biomass allocation in a widespread tropical shrub, Turnera subulata (Turneroideae - Passifloraceae)?
- Author
-
Seixas L, Barão KR, Lopes R, Serafim D, and Demetrio GR
- Subjects
- Tropical Climate, Ecosystem, Biomass, Urbanization, Turnera physiology, Turnera growth & development
- Abstract
Plant biomass allocation is mainly affected by the environment where each individual grows. In this sense, through the rapid global expansion of impermeable areas, urbanization has strong, albeit poorly understood, consequences on the biomass allocation of plants found in this environment. Nevertheless, the comprehension of biomass allocation processes in urban shrubs remains unclear, because most studies of urban ecology focus on tree species. This is an important gap of knowledge because a great part of urban vegetation is composed of shrubs and their association with trees have positive impacts in urban ecosystem services. In this study, we explored the ecological and potential selective pressure effects of an urbanization gradient on the biomass allocation patterns of aboveground organs of Turnera subulata, a widely distributed tropical shrub. We have demonstrated that, for certain reproductive organs, biomass allocation decreases in locations with higher urbanization. Unlike expected, the biomass of vegetative organs was not affected by urbanization, and we did not observe any effect of urbanization intensity on the variance in biomass allocation to vegetative and reproductive organs. We did not record urbanization-mediated trade-offs in biomass allocation for reproductive and vegetative organs. Instead, the biomass of these structures showed a positive relationship. Our data suggest that urbanization does not result in radical changes in biomass allocation of T. subulata, and neither in the variation of these traits. They indicate that the ability of T. subulata to thrive in urban environments may be associated with life history and morphological mechanisms. Our findings contribute to the understanding of shrub plant responses to urbanization and highlight urbanization as a potential factor in resource allocation differences for different structures and functions in plants living in these environments., (© 2024. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to The Botanical Society of Japan.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
72. Biomass Profiling in a Horizontal-Flow Anaerobic Bioreactor Used for Limonene Degradation.
- Author
-
Pozzi E, Motteran F, de Mello BS, Rodrigues BCG, and Sarti A
- Subjects
- Anaerobiosis, Biodegradation, Environmental, Phylogeny, Sewage microbiology, Microbiota, Bioreactors microbiology, Limonene metabolism, Biomass, Bacteria metabolism, Bacteria classification, Bacteria genetics, Bacteria isolation & purification, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S genetics
- Abstract
This study characterized the microbial community present in the bench scale horizontal-flow anaerobic immobilized biomass bioreactor (HAIB) used in the removal of limonene, a compound present in citrus processing industries. The HAIB was filled with three support materials (coal, polyurethane foam and gravel) which were inoculated with anaerobic sludge. The limonene initial concentration on the substrate ranged from 10 mg/L to 500 mg/L. The analysis of 16S rRNA showed the presence of 22 OTUs (based on ⩾97% sequence identity), distributed in 57 genera, considering three different matrices. Higher relative abundance of phyla was observed as Synergistetes (43-57%), Proteobacteria (32-42%), Firmicutes (7-8%) and Acidobacteria (2-3%). Actinobacteria, Bacterioidetes and Chloroflexi had the lowest relative abundances between 1 and 2%. Synergistaceae family was the predominated group (47.6%-mineral coal, 55.9%-foam and 43.5%-gravel) followed by Syntrophaceae (2.4%-coal, 1.5%-foam and 2.2%-gravel), which kept a syntrophic relationship with methanogenesis (hydrogenotrophic methanogens) to maintain the anaerobic digestion. Among the Proteobacteria phylum, the Pseudomonadaceae family was predominant in the system with 12.0% on coal, 13.1% on foam, and 20.4% on gravel. The metabolic versatility of Pseudomonas sp. makes them an important bioremediation agent by being capable of metabolizing xenobiotic and chemical toxic compounds, thus having great prominence for the limonene removal in the HAIB bioreactor., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
73. Characterisation of Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.) shell waste as a potential biomass for different bio-based products.
- Author
-
Ncube LK, Ude AU, Ogunmuyiwa EN, and Beas IN
- Subjects
- Lignin chemistry, Lignin analysis, Cellulose chemistry, Cellulose analysis, Waste Products analysis, Nuts chemistry, Biofuels, Polysaccharides, Biomass, Vigna chemistry
- Abstract
Efforts are ongoing to utilise agricultural waste to achieve a full resource use approach. Bambara groundnut is an important crop widely grown in the sub-Saharan Africa with potential future importance because of its resilience to thrive under heightened weather uncertainty and widespread droughts that have challenged food security. After harvesting, the edible nuts are separated from the shells which are discarded as waste. Therefore, this research is aimed at characterising the chemical composition and the structural properties of Bambara groundnut shells (BGS) in view of their potential application as a biomass for different bio-products. The chemical composition of BGS was found to be 42.4% cellulose, 27.8% hemicellulose, 13% lignin and 16.8% extractives. Proximate analysis showed a high amount of volatile matter (69.1%) and low moisture (4.4%). XRD analysis confirmed crystallinity of cellulose I polymer and FTIR analysis observed functional groups of lignocellulosic compounds. Thermal stability, maximum degradation temperature and activation energy were found to be 178.5 °C, 305.7 °C and 49.4 kJ/mol, respectively. Compared to other nutshells, BGS were found to have a relatively high amount of cellulose and crystallinity that may result in biocomposites with improved mechanical properties., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
74. Renewable Energy in Argentina
- Author
-
Labriola, Carlos and Sayigh, Ali, Series Editor
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
75. Bioethanol production from mixed biomass (waste of Undaria pinnatifida processing and paper shredding) by fermentation with marine-derived Saccharomyces cerevisiae
- Author
-
Obara, Nobuo, Okai, Masahiko, Ishida, Masami, and Urano, Naoto
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
76. CO2 Emission and Change in the Fertility Parameters of a Calcareous Soil Following Annual Applications of Deinking Paper Sludge (The Case of Tunisia)
- Author
-
Emna Marouani, Naïma Kolsi Benzina, Noura Ziadi, Besma Bouslimi, Khouloud Abida, Hanen Tlijani, and Ahmed Koubaa
- Subjects
deinking paper sludge ,permeability ,stability index ,soil fertility ,biomass ,CO2 emissions ,Agriculture - Abstract
The use of deinking paper sludge (DPS) as a fertilizer instead of sending it to landfill could play a role in reducing greenhouse gases and improving soil properties. The objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the changes in the physical (permeability and structural stability), chemical (particularly soil pH), and biological (microbial metabolic quotient (qCO2), microbial biomass soil CO2 emissions) of a calcareous agricultural soil following two successive annual amendments with three treatments (0, 30, and 60 Mg DPS ha−1—control, DPS30, and DPS60, respectively); and (2) to determine whether the addition of N-fertilizer to these treatments (controlF, DPS30F, and DPS60F, respectively) causes changes to soil fertility. The DPS application increased soil organic matter (+0.80%: DPS60 vs. control; and +0.35%: controlF vs. DPS60F), available phosphorus (+23.14 mg kg−1: DPS60 vs. control; and +14.34 mg kg−1: DPS60F vs. controlF), potassium (+0.6 g kg−1: controlF vs. DPS30F), and calcium (+0.28 g kg−1: DPS60 vs. control). The 60 Mg DPS ha−1 rate improved permeability and structural stability, regardless of the presence or absence of N-fertilizer. On the other hand, the 60 Mg DPS ha−1 rate without N-fertilizer lead to a decrease in total mineralization rate and qCO2, thereby indicating a reduction in CO2 emissions. The rate of 60 Mg ha−1 DPS could be effectively used to enhance the permeability and stability (soil restoration) and mitigate CO2 emissions, whereas the 30 Mg ha−1 rate could be used as fertilizer to improve the fertility of calcareous soils.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
77. Integrated Forest Biorefinery
- Author
-
Bajpai, Pratima and Bajpai, Pratima
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
78. Xylanolytic Enzymes in Pulp and Paper Industry: New Technologies and Perspectives
- Author
-
Rajeev Kumar Kapoor, Pratyoosh Shukla, Guddu Kumar Gupta, and Mandeep Dixit
- Subjects
Laccase ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Biomass ,Bioengineering ,Cellulase ,Raw material ,Biodegradation ,Pulp and paper industry ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Biochemistry ,Xylan ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Xylanase ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
The pulp and paper industry discharges massive amount of wastewater containing hazardous organochlorine compounds released during different processing stages. Therefore, some cost-effective and nonpolluting practices such as enzymatic treatments are required for the potential mitigation of effluents released in the environment. Various xylanolytic enzymes such as xylanases, laccases, cellulases and hemicellulases are used to hydrolyse raw materials in the paper manufacturing industry. These enzymes are used either individually or in combination, which has the efficient potential to be considered for bio-deinking and bio-bleaching components. They are highly dynamic, renewable, and high in specificity for enhancing paper quality. The xylanase act on the xylan and cellulases act on the cellulose fibers, and thus increase the bleaching efficacy of paper. Similarly, hemicellulase enzyme like endo-xylanases, arabinofuranosidase and β-d-xylosidases have been described as functional properties towards the biodegradation of biomass. In contrast, laccase enzymes act as multi-copper oxidoreductases, bleaching the paper by the oxidation and reduction process. Laccases possess low redox potential compared to other enzymes, which need some redox mediators to catalyze. The enzymatic process can be affected by various factors such as pH, temperature, metal ions, incubation periods, etc. These factors can either increase or decrease the efficiency of the enzymes. This review draws attention to the xylanolytic enzyme-based advanced technologies for pulp bleaching in the paper industry.
- Published
- 2021
79. Suzano Invests BRL1.66 Billion in New Tissue Paper Mill, Expand Fluff Pulp Capacity and New Biomass Boiler.
- Subjects
- *
PAPER industry , *TISSUES , *BIOMASS , *PRODUCTION (Economic theory) - Published
- 2023
80. Effect of temperature on product properties and synergies during the co-pyrolysis of paper sludge and corn stover.
- Author
-
Tang, Binbin, Fu, Peng, Guo, Yadong, Wang, Zheng, Zhang, Jingfa, and Lin, Xiaona
- Abstract
Paper sludge (PS), a by-product of paper mill wastewater treatment, has attracted increasing attention due to the dual nature of resources and pollution. This study focused on investigating the effect of temperature on the product properties and synergies of the co-pyrolysis process involving PS and corn stover (CS) using a fixed bed reactor. The results showed that co-pyrolysis led to an increase in the production of bio-oil, while reducing the formation of char and gases. Notably, the most significant synergistic effect was observed at 600 °C, where the experimental bio-oil yield surpassed the calculated value by 8.9%. At temperatures below 500 °C, ketones, aldehydes, and acids were the predominant products in the co-pyrolysis, which shifted towards phenols and aromatics as the temperature increased. Moreover, a promotion of CO content and an inhibition of CO 2 content with temperature were also observed during co-pyrolysis, suggesting that higher temperatures facilitated synergistic decarbonylation. The co-pyrolysis biochar exhibited a higher abundance of carbonyl and alkyl groups compared to the biochar derived from PS pyrolysis, and the synergistic effect at higher temperatures promoted the development of micropores within the co-pyrolysis biochar. These findings emphasize the temperature-dependent nature of the co-pyrolysis process, offering valuable insights into the potential resource utilization of PS and CS wastes. • Effect of temperature on paper sludge and corn stover co-pyrolysis were studied. • The most significant synergy for enhancing bio-oil production was observed at 600 °C. • Increasing temperature shifted low molecular compounds towards phenols and aromatics. • The synergy at higher temperatures promoted the development of micropores in biochar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
81. Influence of paper mill wastewater on reed chlorophyll content and biomass.
- Author
-
Su, Fangli, Dong, Linlin, Li, Haifu, and Wang, Tieliang
- Subjects
- *
WASTEWATER treatment , *PAPER mill waste , *CHLOROPHYLL , *BIOMASS , *PHOTOSYNTHESIS , *WETLAND plants - Abstract
Abstract Studies on the influence of paper mill wastewater, which affects photosynthesis, on reed chlorophyll and biomass can provide a theoretical basis for the ecological restoration of wetland plants. The influence of different concentrations of wastewater (chemical oxygen demands (COD) of 300, 175 and 50 mg•L−1) and different irrigation times (germination, blade-expansion, rapid-growth, heading and maturity stages) on the contents of chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b , total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a /b in reeds were tested in experimental pools that simulated the wetland ecosystem of the Liaoning Shuangtai estuary. The contents of chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b , total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a /b all increased significantly with increasing concentrations of wastewater, and their contents all differed significantly from each other. The contents of chlorophyll a , chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll were maximal when irrigated at the beginning of all growth stages with COD of 300 mg•L−1(C 1 O) at 2.253, 0.458 and 2.711 mg•g−1 fresh weight (FW), respectively, with irrigation at the rapid-growth stage and were minimal in the control plants at 0.142, 0.068 and 0.210 mg•g−1 FW, respectively, with irrigation at maturity. Chlorophyll a /b was maximal at C 1 O at 5.753 with irrigation at germination stage and was minimal in the control plants at 2.113 with irrigation at maturity. Reed biomass was maximal at C 1 O at 3.26 kg, which was 2.76 times higher than the control. Reed biomass was positively correlated with the content of chlorophyll and with COD in the wastewater. Paper mill wastewater generally increased the content of chlorophyll and the net photosynthesis rate and enhanced the growth of reeds. Highlights • Different concentrations of wastewater and different irrigation times on the contents of chlorophyll in reeds were tested. • The contents of chlorophyll increased with increasing concentrations of wastewater, they contents differed from each other. • Reed biomass was positively correlated with chlorophyll content and the level of COD of the wastewater. • Paper mill wastewater increased the content of chlorophyll and the net photosynthesis rate of the reeds. • Paper mill wastewater enhanced the growth of the reeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
82. Enzymatic Glucose and Xylose Production from Paper Mill Rejects.
- Author
-
Rauzi, Joseph and Tschirner, Ulrike
- Subjects
XYLOSE ,PAPER mills ,RECYCLED paper ,HOT water ,SODIUM hydroxide ,CHEMICAL yield - Abstract
Recycled paper fiber rejects have shown potential as a source of waste-to-resource carbohydrates for renewable chemicals production. This study examined three classes of recycled paper fines (old corrugated containers, old newspaper, and mixed office waste) and two industrial papermaking rejects streams from different recycling mills (one mill processes linerboard and the other old corrugated cardboard). The effect of chemical pretreatment using dilute sodium hydroxide, hot water and dilute sulfuric acid on enzymatic glucose and xylose yields was evaluated. Enzymatic hydrolysis results indicated that recycled fiber streams with more old corrugated cardboard have higher potential to produce carbohydrates. The recycled cardboard rejects produced more glucose and xylose per kilogram of rejects than the linerboard rejects under all untreated and pretreated conditions. The highest producing rejects sample was sodium hydroxide pretreated cardboard rejects with 373 g glucose and 61 g xylose produced per kilogram of rejects. However, a simple hot water pretreatment showed similar results, with 335 g glucose and 58 g xylose produced per kilogram of rejects. The hot water pretreatment is recommended due to its comparable yield and lower chemical addition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
83. Upcycling Waste Biomass–Production of Porous Carbonaceous Supports from Paper Mill Sludge and Application to CO2 Conversion (Adv. Sustainable Syst. 8/2024).
- Author
-
Ribeiro, Mónica Stanton, Lima, Maria M. R. A., Vilarigues, Márcia, Zanatta, Marcileia, and Corvo, Marta C.
- Subjects
CARBON-based materials ,WASTE paper ,POROUS materials ,STYRENE oxide ,PAPER mills ,IONIC liquids - Abstract
Keywords: biomass; carbonization; CO2 cycloaddition; ionic liquids; paper mill sludgeUpcycling Waste BiomassIn article number 2300655, Marcileia Zanatta, Marta C. Corvo, and co‐workers show that, by transforming paper industry waste into porous carbonaceous materials, these materials serve as effective supports in the ionic liquid‐catalyzed cycloaddition of CO2 to styrene oxide, achieving high conversion rates and selectivity..By Mónica Stanton Ribeiro; Maria M. R. A. Lima; Márcia Vilarigues; Marcileia Zanatta and Marta C. CorvoReported by Author; Author; Author; Author; Author [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
84. Production of bioplastic (poly-3-hydroxybutyrate) using waste paper as a feedstock: Optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation employing Burkholderia sacchari.
- Author
-
Al-Battashi, Huda, Annamalai, Neelamegam, Al-Kindi, Shatha, Nair, Anu Sadasivan, Al-Bahry, Saif, Verma, Jay Prakash, and Sivakumar, Nallusamy
- Subjects
- *
BIODEGRADABLE plastics , *WASTE paper , *BIOMASS , *CELLULASE , *HYDROGEN peroxide - Abstract
Abstract The global demand for bio-plastic particularly polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) have been increased in the last few decades as a substitute of petrochemical-based plastic. Utilization of waste paper, the primary constituent of municipal solid waste (MSW), as a carbon source for polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) production is not only an alternative, environmental friendly route of waste management but also helps to valorize the waste. In this study, hydrogen peroxide pretreated waste paper saccharification has been optimized using central composite design (CCD). The maximum hydrolysis (88.18%) occurred at paper loading 5.0 g/L, agitation 242 rpm, working volume 20%, cellulase 49.82 U/g, β-glucosidase 20.9 U/g and hemicellulase 29.5 U/g. PHB synthesis and biomass accumulation by xylose-utilizing Burkholderia sacchari using waste paper hydrolysate were studied using different nitrogen sources and carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratios. Maximum PHB and dry cell weight (DCW) occurred with ammonium sulfate and a C/N ratio of 20. The highest biomass (3.63 g/L), the maximum PHB accumulation (44.2%) and the maximum reducing sugar utilization (92.1%) were observed after 48 h of cultivation using diluted hydrolysate. The physicochemical properties of the extracted PHB were compatible with the standard PHB. Hence, the waste paper could be exploited as a renewable feedstock for the sustainable production of PHB. Graphical abstract Image 1 Highlights • The maximum enzymatic hydrolysis 88.18% was achieved by response surface method. • PHB produced from waste paper hydrolysate using xylose utilizing B. sacchari. • Maximum PHB and dry cell weight occurred with (NH 4) 2 SO 4 and C/N ratio of 20. • High thermostability of PHB with a maximum degradation rate around ∼ 300 °C. • PHB production using waste paper is cost effective and ecofriendy approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
85. Pulp and paper mill wastes: utilizations and prospects for high value-added biomaterials
- Author
-
Wassie Mengie, Amare Abuhay, Gemeda Gebino Gelebo, Derseh Yilie Limeneh, Adane Haile, Million Ayele Mebrate, and Tamrat Tesfaye
- Subjects
Technology ,020209 energy ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biomass ,02 engineering and technology ,TP1-1185 ,010501 environmental sciences ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,Bioplastic ,Biomaterials ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Viscose ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Pulping waste ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,business.industry ,Pulp (paper) ,Chemical technology ,Paper mill ,Biorefinery ,Pulp and paper industry ,Cellulosic ethanol ,engineering ,Environmental science ,business ,High value-added ,Black liquor ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Food Science ,Biotechnology - Abstract
A wide variety of biomass is available all around the world. Most of the biomass exists as a by-product from manufacturing industries. Pulp and paper mills contribute to a higher amount of these biomasses mostly discarded in the landfills creating an environmental burden. Biomasses from other sources have been used to produce different kinds and grades of biomaterials such as those used in industrial and medical applications. The present review aims to investigate the availability of biomass from pulp and paper mills and show sustainable routes for the production of high value-added biomaterials. The study reveals that using conventional and integrated biorefinery technology the ample variety and quantity of waste generated from pulp and paper mills can be converted into wealth. As per the findings of the current review, it is shown that high-performance carbon fiber and bioplastic can be manufactured from black liquor of pulping waste; the cellulosic waste from sawdust and sludge can be utilized for the synthesis of CNC and regenerated fibers such as viscose rayon and acetate; the mineral-based pulping wastes and fly ash can be used for manufacturing of different kinds of biocomposites. The different biomaterials obtained from the pulp and paper mill biomass can be used for versatile applications including conventional, high performance, and smart materials. Through customization and optimization of the conversion techniques and product manufacturing schemes, a variety of engineering materials can be obtained from pulp and paper mill wastes realizing the current global waste to wealth developmental approach.
- Published
- 2021
86. REVIEW PAPER: A method to construct dose–response curves for a wide range of environmental factors and plant traits by means of a meta-analysis of phenotypic data
- Author
-
Poorter, Hendrik, Niinemets, Ülo, Walter, Achim, Fiorani, Fabio, and Schurr, Uli
- Published
- 2010
87. INSTANT DETERMINATION OF MOISTURE AND BULK DENSITY OF WOODCHIPS IN CELLULOSE INDUSTRY.
- Author
-
Goltz Kumov, Elisa Pizzaia and Gonçalves Cremonez, Victor
- Subjects
CAPACITIVE sensors ,WOOD chips ,MOISTURE ,WOOD density ,ENERGY industries ,WOOD ,BOILER efficiency ,PAPER industry ,BIOMASS ,BIOMASS energy - Abstract
Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
88. Performance and costs of CCS in the pulp and paper industry part 1: Performance of amine-based post-combustion CO2 capture.
- Author
-
Onarheim, Kristin, Santos, Stanley, Kangas, Petteri, and Hankalin, Ville
- Subjects
PAPER industry ,COMBUSTION ,CARBON sequestration ,SULFATE pulping process ,BIOMASS - Abstract
The performance of an amine-based post-combustion CO 2 capture and storage (CCS) process in an existing Kraft pulp mill and an existing pulp and board mill was assessed. The pulp and paper industry is an energy-intensive industry, with significant amounts of CO 2 emitted onsite. The majority of this CO 2 originates from the combustion of biomass, which renders it carbon neutral if the biomass used by the industry is grown and harvested in a sustainable manner. If the CO 2 emissions from the pulp and paper industry were to be captured and permanently stored, then this could make the industry a potential carbon sink. In this evaluation, different configurations of capturing CO 2 from the flue gases of the recovery boiler, the multi-fuel boiler and the lime kiln were assessed. For a stand-alone Kraft pulp mill, the excess steam available is sufficient to cover the demand from the CO 2 capture plant. For an integrated pulp and board mill, there is less excess steam available for the CO 2 capture plant and an auxiliary boiler may be required. The retrofit of a post-combustion CO 2 capture plant into an existing pulp mill increases the steam demand by 1–8 GJ/air dried tonne (adt) pulp, depending on the volume of the flue gas treated. This translates to a reduction in the amount of electricity exported to the grid by 0.1–1.0 MWh/adt pulp for a stand-alone Kraft pulp mill, and by 0.1–0.5 MWh/adt pulp for an integrated pulp and board mill. The total potential for negative CO 2 emissions amounts to just under 2.0 Mt CO 2 /a both for the market pulp mill and for the integrated pulp and board mill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
89. Original article: fermented pulp and paper bio-sludge as feed for black soldier fly larvae
- Author
-
Robert Norgren, Anders Jonsson, and Olof Björkqvist
- Subjects
Pulp mill ,Larva ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Bioconversion ,Chemistry ,020209 energy ,Pulp (paper) ,Biomass ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,Nutrient ,Dry weight ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,engineering ,Fermentation ,Food science ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
This study evaluates the use of fermentation to increase nutrient availability in pulp and paper bio-sludge (PPBS) as feed for black soldier fly larvae (BSFL). Rearing of BSFL on fermented PPBS was carried out in a climate chamber in order to assess nutrient availability and larvae survival and growth. The PPBS used came from a chemo-thermomechanical pulp/groundwood pulp mill. The PPBS was fermented at 35 °C and 55 °C, respectively, at initial pH of 10. The effects of sediment and liquid from fermented PPBS on larvae dry weight, survival rate until the prepupae stage, bioconversion, and reduction rate of PPBS were measured. The bioconversion of the liquids (4.1–6.6%) was substantially higher than for both the sediments and untreated PPBS (≤ 0.4%). The survival rate, on the other hand, was substantially lower (26.3–30.9 %) than for the sediments and untreated PPBS (49.5–52.6%). Neither the sediments nor the liquids had significant effects on the larvae weight or on the PPBS reduction rate. The sediments had no significant effect on the survival rate or the bioconversion. This study demonstrates that fermentation dissolves a part of the PPBS and that dissolved substances in the fermentation liquid readily convert to larvae biomass. However, the bulk of the lignocellulose is not dissolved, and most of PPBS nutrients remain unavailable for growth of the larvae. Further research should focus on improved pretreatment of PPBS to increase availability of nutrients and thereby improve the feasibility of BSFL as a recycling method for PPBS.
- Published
- 2021
90. Cardboard/sawdust briquettes as biomass fuel: Physical-mechanical and thermal characteristics.
- Author
-
Lela B, Barišić M, and Nižetić S
- Subjects
- Analysis of Variance, Paper, Regression Analysis, Wood analysis, Biomass, Heating, Solid Waste analysis
- Abstract
This paper elaborates experimental analysis of cardboard/sawdust briquettes as a viable option for biomass fuel. Physical-mechanical and thermal characteristics of cardboard/sawdust briquettes were investigated. The influence of the main parameters on heating content was also examined through an ANOVA and regression analysis, i.e. pressure influence (that was applied in a punch-and-die process), cardboard/sawdust ratio influence and finally drying temperature influence. In order to find the maximum heating value, minimum ash content and maximum compressive strength optimization were done. The optimal values obtained for the studied briquetting process parameters are a compression force of 588.6 kN, a sawdust mass of 46.66% and a drying temperature of 22°C. According to the mathematical model obtained, these optimal values give a maximum higher heating value of 17.41 MJ/kg, a minimum ash content of 6.62% and a maximum compressive strength of 149.54 N/mm. Finally, Cardboard/sawdust briquettes showed potential for application as viable biomass fuel., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
91. Bioconversion of Hemicelluloses
- Author
-
Bajpai, Pratima and Bajpai, Pratima
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
92. Depth-dependency of trembling aspen and paper birch small-root responses to eCO 2 and eO 3
- Author
-
Rhea, L. K. and King, J. S.
- Published
- 2012
93. Weed suppression with hydramulch, a biodegradable liquid paper mulch in development
- Author
-
Warnick, J.P., Chase, C.A, Rosskopf, E.N, Simonne, E. H., Scholberg, J.M., Koenig, R.L., and Roe, N.E.
- Published
- 2006
94. Paper chromatography as a method of phytoplankton community analysis
- Author
-
ELORANTA, PERTTI
- Published
- 1986
95. Fabrication of lignocellulosic biomass paper containing nanofibrillated biomass
- Author
-
John R. Dunlap, Richard R. Lowden, Arthur J. Ragauskas, Samarthya Bhagia, Wellington Muchero, Uday Vaidya, Yunqiao Pu, and Mohammed Zahid A. Khuraishi
- Subjects
Thermogravimetric analysis ,Environmental Engineering ,Guar gum ,Materials science ,Starch ,Thermal decomposition ,Lignocellulosic biomass ,Biomass ,Bioengineering ,Pulp and paper industry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Ultimate tensile strength ,Cellulose ,Waste Management and Disposal - Abstract
Fibrillated cellulose has been frequently used for making nanopapers and thin films. However, limited work has been carried out in the construction of such materials using native lignocellulosic biomass. Making papers from fibrillated biomass allows complete utilization of whole plant material and may reduce chemical and energy consumption. Ultra-friction grinding was used to directly fibrillate knife-milled poplar into micro- to nano-sized biomass fibers. Papers were made using the fibrillated biomass containing nanofibrillated biomass and their mechanical properties were tested. Biomass papers made via press-drying had higher tensile strength than papers made by air-drying. A higher press-drying temperature of 180 °C produced stronger papers than at 150 °C. Guar gum substantially increased the strength of the press-dried papers in comparison to cationic starch. Press-drying increased the thermogravimetric peak decomposition temperature by 13 °C in comparison to air-drying.
- Published
- 2020
96. ABUNDANCE OF WASPS AND PREY CONSUMPTION OF PAPER WASPS (HYMENOPTERA, VESPIDAE: POLISTINAE) IN NORTHLAND, NEW ZEALAND
- Author
-
CLAPPERTON, B. KAY
- Published
- 1999
97. A viable bioremediation strategy for treating paper and pulp industry effluents and assessing the prospect of resulted bacterial biomass as single cell protein (SCP) using indigenous bacterial species
- Author
-
Jutamas Khumchai, Anupong Wongchai, Ruangwong On-uma, Amal Sabour, Maha Alshiekheid, Mathiyazhagan Narayanan, Indira Karuppusamy, Arivalagan Pugazhendhi, Kathirvel Brindhadevi, and Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi
- Subjects
Paper ,Environmental Engineering ,Bacteria ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Industrial Waste ,General Medicine ,General Chemistry ,Pollution ,Waste Disposal, Fluid ,Biodegradation, Environmental ,Environmental Chemistry ,Biomass ,Dietary Proteins ,Water Pollutants, Chemical - Abstract
Aim of this research was to treat the organics enriched Paper and Pulp Industry (PPI) effluents using multi-metal tolerant predominant indigenous bacterial species. In addition, assessing the potential of treated bacterial biomass as a single cell protein (SCP). The multi-metal tolerant Streptomyces tuirus OS1 was enumerated from the Paper and Pulp Industry (PPI) effluents was identified through standard molecular characterization. S. tuirus OS1 proficiently ameliorated organic contaminants in PPI effluent in the in study at 35 °C, 45 °C, and 25 °C. Fortunately, the S. tuirus OS1 considerably increased the dissolved oxygen level in treated PPI effluent in 30 days of bioremediation process. Interestingly, at 35 °C of bioremediation process the S. tuirus OS1 demonstrated increased dried biomass (7.1 g L
- Published
- 2022
98. Upcycling unexplored dregs and biomass fly ash from the paper and pulp industry in the production of eco-friendly geopolymer mortars: A preliminary assessment.
- Author
-
Novais, Rui M., Carvalheiras, J., Senff, L., and Labrincha, J.A.
- Subjects
- *
PAPER industry , *BIOMASS , *POLYMERS , *FLY ash , *INDUSTRIAL waste management , *LANDFILLS - Abstract
Green liquor dregs wastes coming from pulp and paper production are currently disposed in landfills at a huge cost for industry and the environment. In this work, a novel and more sustainable waste management strategy is proposed. Dregs were used for the first time as fine filler in the production of biomass fly ash-based geopolymeric mortars. The influence of the dregs incorporation amount on the fresh (geopolymer kinetics and mortars workability) and hardened-state (mechanical resistance, water absorption and capillary water absorption) properties of the mortars was evaluated. Although dregs incorporation reduce the flow workability (up to 19%), their presence and amount did not significantly alter the geopolymerization kinetics. Additionally dregs-containing mortars exhibited enhanced tensile (up to 71%) and compressive strength (up to 34%), and lower water absorption in comparison with the reference mortar. These results demonstrate the feasibility of using dregs as fine filler in geopolymers production. Moreover the mortars were produced using mainly biomass fly ash waste as aluminosilicate source which further reduces the environmental impact of the pulp and paper industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
99. Waste paper and macroalgae co-digestion effect on methane production.
- Author
-
Rodriguez, Cristina, Alaswad, Abed, El-Hassan, Zaki, and Olabi, Abdul G.
- Subjects
- *
WASTE paper , *METHANE , *BIOMASS , *FEEDSTOCK , *FERTILIZERS - Abstract
The present study investigates the effect on methane production from waste paper when co-digested with macroalgal biomass. Both feedstocks were previously mechanically pretreated to reduce their particle size. The study was planned according two factors: the feedstock to inoculum (F/I) ratio and the waste paper to macroalgae (WP/MA) ratio. The F/I ratios checked were 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 and the WP/MA ratios were 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25 and 100:0. The highest methane yield (386 L kg −1 VS added ) was achieved at an F/I ratio of 0.2 and a WP/MA ratio of 50:50. A biodegradability index of 0.87 obtained in this study indicates complete conversion of feedstock at an optimum C/N ratio of 26. Synergistic effect was found for WP/MA 25:75, 50:50 and 75:25 mixing ratios compared with the substrates mono-digestion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
100. Paper Production from Mauritian Hemp Fibres
- Author
-
Noushra Shamreen Amode and Pratima Jeetah
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Grammage ,Environmental Engineering ,Materials science ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Starch ,020209 energy ,Papermaking ,Paper production ,Biomass ,02 engineering and technology ,Pulp and paper industry ,01 natural sciences ,Environmentally friendly ,Sizing ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,010608 biotechnology ,Ultimate tensile strength ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Waste Management and Disposal - Abstract
The study examines the potential of Mauritian hemp (Furcraea foetida L.), a lignocellulosic non-wood biomass, as a more environmental friendly substitute to virgin wood for printing paper production. The best pulping method for Mauritian hemp was first investigated. A4 sized papers were then produced using 100% Mauritian hemp fibres and mixtures of Mauritian hemp fibres with Elephant grass fibres and wastepaper. Using Standard tests, the physical (thickness, grammage, apparent density, water absorbency) and mechanical (tensile strength, burst strength, crease recovery, abrasion resistance) properties of the papers produced were evaluated and compared with those of an 80 gsm A4 commercial printing paper used as control. Lastly, internal sizing was done by adding different proportions of starch to the paper whose properties were closest to the control (judged most printable) to investigate any property enhancement. Soda cooking with 12% Wt/V NaOH solution at a temperature of 90 °C for 90 min was found best for pulping Mauritian hemp. The 100% Mauritian hemp paper had characteristics closest to the control, with apparent density 141.54 kg/m3, water absorbency time 1.436 s, burst strength 0.323 kPa m2/g, tensile strength 10.97 Nm/g, abrasion resistance 37.5 cycles before rupture and crease recovery angle 34.8°. Increasing the starch content from 10 to 40% caused the 100% Mauritian hemp paper’s characteristics to increasingly approach those of the control, thus showing printability improvement. The methodologies adopted for papermaking and testing demonstrated that Mauritian hemp is a suitable alternative to wood to produce good quality printing paper.
- Published
- 2020
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.