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7 results on '"imaging parameters"'

1. Correlation between tumor voxel dose response matrix and tumor biomarker profile in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Author

Yan, Arthur, Hanna, Alaa, Wilson, Thomas G., Deraniyagala, Rohan, Krauss, Daniel J., Grzywacz, Vincent P., Yan, Di, and Wilson, George D.

Subjects
*HEAD & neck cancer, *BIOMARKERS, *SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma, *CANCER stem cells, *DISEASE relapse, *CD44 antigen
Abstract

• Pretreatment biomarkers were correlated with novel imaging parameters obtained during treatment in head and neck cancer patients. • CD44 showed a strong correlation with the dose–response matrix parameter indicative of radioresistance. • The data provides further evidence that cancer stem cells are likely responsible for local tumor recurrence. We have developed a novel imaging analysis procedure that is highly predictive of local failure after chemoradiation in head and neck cancer. In this study we investigated whether any pretreatment biomarkers correlated with key imaging parameters. Pretreatment biopsy material was available for 28 patients entered into an institutional trial of adaptive radiotherapy in which FDG-PET images were collected weekly during treatment. The biopsies were immunohistochemically stained for CD44, EGFR, GLUT1, ALDH1, Ki-67 and p53 and quantified using image analysis. Expression levels were correlated with previously derived imaging parameters, the pretreatment SUV max and the dose response matrix (DRM). The different parameters of the SUV max and DRM did not correlate with each other. We observed a positive and highly significant (p = 0.0088) correlation between CD44 expression and volume of tumor with a DRM greater than 0.8. We found no correlation between any DRM parameter and GLUT1, p53, Ki-67 and EGFR or ALDH1. GLUT1 expression did correlate with the maximum SUV 0 and the volume of tumor with an SUV 0 greater than 20. The pretreatment SUV max and DRM are independent imaging parameters that combine to predict local recurrence. The significant correlation between CD44 expression, a known cancer stem cell (CSC) marker, and volume of tumor with a DRM greater than 0.8 is consistent with concept that specific foci of cells are responsible for tumor recurrence and that CSCs may be randomly distributed in tumors in specific niches. Dose painting these small areas may lead to improved tumor control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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2. Biochemical and imaging parameters in acid sphingomyelinase deficiency: Potential utility as biomarkers.

Author

Eskes, Eline C.B., Sjouke, Barbara, Vaz, Frédéric M., Goorden, Susan M.I., van Kuilenburg, André B.P., Aerts, Johannes M.F.G., and Hollak, Carla E.M.

Subjects
*NIEMANN-Pick diseases, *LIPIDOSES, *BIOMARKERS, *PLATELET count, *BIOLOGICAL tags
Abstract

Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency (ASMD), or Niemann-Pick type A/B disease, is a rare lipid storage disorder leading to accumulation of sphingomyelin and its precursors primarily in macrophages. The disease has a broad phenotypic spectrum ranging from a fatal infantile form with severe neurological involvement (the infantile neurovisceral type) to a primarily visceral form with different degrees of pulmonary, liver, spleen and skeletal involvement (the chronic visceral type). With the upcoming possibility of treatment with enzyme replacement therapy, the need for biomarkers that predict or reflect disease progression has increased. Biomarkers should be validated for their use as surrogate markers of clinically relevant endpoints. In this review, clinically important endpoints as well as biochemical and imaging markers of ASMD are discussed and potential new biomarkers are identified. We suggest as the most promising biomarkers that may function as surrogate endpoints in the future: diffusion capacity measured by spirometry, spleen volume, platelet count, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, liver fibrosis measured with a fibroscan, lysosphingomyelin and walked distance in six minutes. Currently, no biomarkers have been validated. Several plasma markers of lipid-laden cells, fibrosis or inflammation are of high potential as biomarkers and deserve further study. Based upon current guidelines for biomarkers, recommendations for the validation process are provided. • ERT for ASMD is under development, necessitating biomarkers to monitor disease manifestations and response to therapy. • Currently most biochemical and imaging markers in ASMD have not been properly validated as biomarkers of the disease. • The best evaluated potential biomarkers for ASMD are diffusion capacity, spleen volume, platelet count, LDL cholesterol, liver fibrosis measured with fibroscan and LSM. • New markers that may be predictive of irreversible disease should be urgently explored to help decide when to initiate treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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3. Role of Medical Imaging in Cancers.

Author

Fanti, Stefano, Evangelista, Laura, and Fanti, Stefano

Subjects
Medicine, 18F-FACBC, 18F-FDG PET/CT, 68Gallium-PSMA PET/CT, Adoptive, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, CTLA-4 Antigen, Computer-assisted diagnosis, DCFBC, DCFPyL, Deauville criteria, EBV, FDG, FDG-PET/CT, HPV, Hodgkin lymphoma, Hounsfield unit, Immunotherapy, International Consensus Guidelines, MRI, Mesothelin, Molecular imaging, NSCLC, PD-1, PD-L1, PDAC, PERCIST, PET, PET/CT, PET/MRI, PI-RADS, PSA kinetics thresholds, PSMA, PSMA-1007, Radium-223, SPECT imaging, SPECT/CT, SUV, SUVmax, Therapy response assessment, VCAM-1, XOFIGO, Yin Yang 1, adipose tissue, biochemical recurrence, biomarker, biomarkers, bladder cancer, breast, breast cancer, castrate resistant prostate cancer, circulating miRNAs, circulating tumor cells, computed tomography, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, consensus, cystic tumor, diagnosis, diagnostic imaging, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, diffusion, diffusion kurtosis imaging, diffusion tensor imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, dynamic 18F-FDG PET/CT, dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, empyema, epistemology, follow up, glioblastoma, gold nanoparticle, guidelines, head and neck cancer, head and neck neoplasms, heat shock protein 70, imaging, imaging parameters, immune checkpoint inhibitors, immunotherapy, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, locally advanced cervical cancer, mCRPC, machine learning, magnetic resonance imaging, malignant pleural mesothelioma, mantle cell lymphoma, marker, meningioma, meta-analysis, metastatic breast cancer, miRNA expression, molecular imaging, n/a, neovascularization, neuroimaging, non-small-cell lung cancer, noninvasive imaging, nuclear medicine, optimal cutoff level, ovarian cancer, overutilization, p16, pancreatic neoplasms, pathologic, pazopanib, perfusion, pleural dissemination, pleural effusion, positron emission tomography, positron-emission tomography, precision oncology, prognosis, programmed cell death 1 receptor, prostate, prostate cancer, prostate-specific-antigen, radiation therapy, radioactive tracers, radiogenomics, radiomic, radiomics, radionuclide imaging, radionuclide therapy, receptor status, recurrence, relapse, response assessment, response to therapy, response to treatment, review, sdAbs, single-photon emission computed tomography, soft tissue sarcoma (STS), somatostatin receptor, spectral-CT, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, staging, survival, targeted therapy, texture analysis, treatment response, triple negative breast cancer, two-tissue compartment model, upper tract urothelial carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma
Abstract

Summary: The issue of Cancers Journal entitled "Role of Medical Imaging in Cancers" presents a detailed summary of evidences about molecular imaging, including the role of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single photon emission tomography (SPET) and positron emission tomography (PET) or PET/CT or PET/MR imaging in many type of tumors (i.e. sarcoma, prostate, breast and others), motivating the role of these imaging modalities in different setting of disease and showing the recent developments, in terms of radiopharmaceuticals, software and artificial intelligence in this field. The collection of articles is very useful for many specialists, because it has been conceived for a multidisciplinary point of view, in order to drive to a personalized medicine.

4. Biochemical and imaging parameters in acid sphingomyelinase deficiency: potential utility as biomarkers

Author

Johannes M. F. G. Aerts, Carla E. M. Hollak, Frédéric M. Vaz, Barbara Sjouke, Susan M. I. Goorden, Eline C. B. Eskes, and André B.P. van Kuilenburg

Subjects
Lung Diseases, 0301 basic medicine, Spirometry, Lipid storage disorder, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Disease, 030105 genetics & heredity, Bioinformatics, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Acid sphingomyelinase deficiency (ASMD), Fibrosis, Genetics, Clinical endpoint, Humans, Medicine, Molecular Biology, Niemann-Pick disease type B (NPB), Sphingolipids, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Surrogate endpoint, Liver Diseases, Macrophages, Biochemical markers, Cholesterol, LDL, Niemann-Pick Disease, Type B, Enzyme replacement therapy, Niemann-Pick Disease, Type A, medicine.disease, Cardiovascular Diseases, Bone Diseases, Acid sphingomyelinase, Imaging parameters, business, Clinical endpoints, Spleen, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Biomarkers, medicine.drug
Abstract

Acid Sphingomyelinase Deficiency (ASMD), or Niemann-Pick type A/B disease, is a rare lipid storage disorder leading to accumulation of sphingomyelin and its precursors primarily in macrophages. The disease has a broad phenotypic spectrum ranging from a fatal infantile form with severe neurological involvement (the infantile neurovisceral type) to a primarily visceral form with different degrees of pulmonary, liver, spleen and skeletal involvement (the chronic visceral type). With the upcoming possibility of treatment with enzyme replacement therapy, the need for biomarkers that predict or reflect disease progression has increased. Biomarkers should be validated for their use as surrogate markers of clinically relevant endpoints. In this review, clinically important endpoints as well as biochemical and imaging markers of ASMD are discussed and potential new biomarkers are identified. We suggest as the most promising biomarkers that may function as surrogate endpoints in the future: diffusion capacity measured by spirometry, spleen volume, platelet count, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, liver fibrosis measured with a fibroscan, lysosphingomyelin and walked distance in six minutes. Currently, no biomarkers have been validated. Several plasma markers of lipid-laden cells, fibrosis or inflammation are of high potential as biomarkers and deserve further study. Based upon current guidelines for biomarkers, recommendations for the validation process are provided.

Published
2020

5. Circulating miRNAs in untreated breast cancer: An exploratory multimodality morpho-functional study

Author

Peppino Mirabelli, Mariarosaria Incoronato, Andrea Soricelli, Daniela Russo, Monica Franzese, Chiara Anna Parente, Marco Salvatore, Anna Maria Grimaldi, Carlo Cavaliere, Gennaro Ilardi, Onofrio A. Catalano, Stefania Staibano, Incoronato, M., Grimaldi, A. M., Mirabelli, P., Cavaliere, C., Parente, C. A., Franzese, M., Staibano, S., Ilardi, G., Russo, D., Soricelli, A., Catalano, O. A., and Salvatore, M.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Proliferation index, Imaging parameter, Standardized uptake value, In situ hybridization, lcsh:RC254-282, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Breast cancer, In vivo, Circulating miRNA, Medicine, medicine.diagnostic_test, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, Biomarkers, Circulating miRNAs, Imaging parameters, PET/MRI, Biomarker, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, Positron emission tomography, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer research, Biomarker (medicine), business
Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify new disease-related circulating miRNAs with high diagnostic accuracy for breast cancer (BC) and to correlate their deregulation with the morpho-functional characteristics of the tumour, as assessed in vivo by positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) imaging. A total of 77 untreated female BC patients underwent same-day PET/MR and blood collection, and 78 healthy donors were recruited as negative controls. The expression profile of 84 human miRNAs was screened by using miRNA PCR arrays and validated by real-time PCR. The validated miRNAs were correlated with the quantitative imaging parameters extracted from the primary BC samples. Circulating miR-125b-5p and miR-143-3p were upregulated in BC plasma and able to discriminate BC patients from healthy subjects (miR-125-5p area under the receiver operating characteristic ROC curve (AUC) = 0.85 and miR-143-3p AUC = 0.80). Circulating CA15-3, a soluble form of the transmembrane glycoprotein Mucin 1 (MUC-1) that is upregulated in epithelial cancer cells of different origins, was combined with miR-125b-5p and improved the diagnostic accuracy from 70% (CA15-3 alone) to 89% (CA15-3 plus miR-125b-5p). MiR-143-3p showed a strong and significant correlation with the stage of the disease, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmean), reverse efflux volume transfer constant (Kepmean) and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), and it might represent a biomarker of tumour aggressiveness. Similarly, miR-125b-5p was correlated with stage and grade 2 but inversely correlated with the forward volume transfer constant (Ktransmean) and proliferation index (Ki67), suggesting a potential role as a biomarker of a relatively more favourable prognosis. In situ hybridization (ISH) experiments revealed that miR-143-3p was expressed in endothelial tumour cells, miR-125-5p in cancer-associated fibroblasts, and neither in epithelial tumour cells. Our results suggested that miR-125-5p and miR-143-3p are potential biomarkers for the risk stratification of BC, and Kaplan-Maier plots confirmed this hypothesis. In addition, the combined use of miR-125-b-5p and CA15-3 enhanced the diagnostic accuracy up to 89%. This is the first study that correlates circulating miRNAs with in vivo quantified tumour biology through PET/MR biomarkers. This integration elucidates the link between the plasmatic increase in these two potential circulating biomarkers and the biology of untreated BC. In conclusion, while miR-143-3b and miR-125b-5p provide valuable information for prognosis, a combination of miR-125b-5p with the tumour marker CA15-3 improves sensitivity for BC detection, which warrants consideration by further validation studies.

Published
2019

6. Relationship between functional imaging and immunohistochemical markers and prediction of breast cancer subtype: a PET/MRI study

Author

Peppino Mirabelli, Andrea Soricelli, Umberto Ferbo, Marco Aiello, Marianna Inglese, Onofrio A. Catalano, Mariarosaria Incoronato, Emanuele Nicolai, Marco Salvatore, Anna Maria Grimaldi, Carlo Cavaliere, and Serena Monti

Subjects
Adult, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Proliferation index, Image Processing, Standardized uptake value, Breast Neoplasms, Multimodal Imaging, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Breast cancer, Imaging parameters, Immunohistochemical markers, PET/MRI, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomarkers, Tumor, Female, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Immunohistochemistry, Middle Aged, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Positron-Emission Tomography, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, Computer-Assisted, 0302 clinical medicine, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, 80 and over, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Stage (cooking), Fluorodeoxyglucose, Tumor, medicine.diagnostic_test, Receiver operating characteristic, Magnetic resonance imaging, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Positron emission tomography, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Radiology, Biomarkers, medicine.drug
Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine if functional parameters extracted from the hybrid positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) correlate with the immunohistochemical markers of breast cancer (BC) lesions, to assess their ability to predict BC subtype. This prospective study was approved by the institution’s Ethics Committee, and all patients provided written informed consent. A total of 50 BC patients at diagnosis underwent PET/MRI before pharmacological and surgical treatment. For each primary lesion, the following data were extracted: morphological data including tumour-node-metastasis stage and lesion size; apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC); perfusion data including forward volume transfer constant (Ktrans), reverse efflux volume transfer constant (Kep) and extravascular extracellular space volume (Ve); and metabolic data including standardized uptake value (SUV), lean body mass (SUL), metabolic tumour volume and total lesion glycolysis. Immunohistochemical reports were used to determine receptor status (oestrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2), cellular differentiation status (grade), and proliferation index (Ki67) of the tumour lesions. Correlation studies (Mann–Whitney U test and Spearman’s test), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and multivariate analysis were performed. Association studies were performed to assess the correlations between imaging and histological prognostic markers of BC. Imaging biomarkers, which significantly correlated with biological markers, were selected to perform ROC curve analysis to determine their ability to discriminate among BC subtypes. SUVmax, SUVmean and SUL were able to discriminate between luminal A and luminal B subtypes (AUCSUVmean = 0.799; AUCSUVmax = 0.833; AUCSUL = 0.813) and between luminal A and nonluminal subtypes (AUCSUVmean = 0.926; AUCSUVmax = 0.917; AUCSUL = 0.945), and the lowest SUV and SUL values were associated with the luminal A subtype. Kepmax was able to discriminate between luminal A and luminal B subtypes (AUC = 0.779), and its highest values were associated with the luminal B subtype. Ktransmax (AUC = 0.881) was able to discriminate between luminal A and nonluminal subtypes, and the highest perfusion values were associated with the nonluminal subtype. In addition, ADC (AUC = 0.877) was able to discriminate between luminal B and nonluminal subtypes, and the lowest ADCmean values were associated with the luminal B subtype. Multivariate analysis was performed to develop a prognostic model, and the best predictive model included Ktransmax and SUVmax parameters. Using multivariate analysis of both PET and MRI parameters, a prognostic model including Ktransmax and SUVmax was able to predict the tumour subtype in 38 of 49 patients (77.6%, p

Published
2018

7. Circulating miRNAs in Untreated Breast Cancer: An Exploratory Multimodality Morpho-Functional Study.

Author

Incoronato, Mariarosaria, Grimaldi, Anna Maria, Mirabelli, Peppino, Cavaliere, Carlo, Parente, Chiara Anna, Franzese, Monica, Staibano, Stefania, Ilardi, Gennaro, Russo, Daniela, Soricelli, Andrea, Catalano, Onofrio Antonio, and Salvatore, Marco

Subjects
*BREAST tumor diagnosis, *CELL proliferation, *CANCER, *CANCER patients, *EPITHELIAL cells, *FIBROBLASTS, *GENE expression, *GLYCOPROTEINS, *IN situ hybridization, *MAGNETIC resonance imaging, *POLYMERASE chain reaction, *RESEARCH, *RISK assessment, *POSITRON emission tomography, *TUMOR markers, *TUMOR classification, *RECEIVER operating characteristic curves, *MICRORNA, *KAPLAN-Meier estimator, *IN vivo studies
Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify new disease-related circulating miRNAs with high diagnostic accuracy for breast cancer (BC) and to correlate their deregulation with the morpho-functional characteristics of the tumour, as assessed in vivo by positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance (PET/MR) imaging. A total of 77 untreated female BC patients underwent same-day PET/MR and blood collection, and 78 healthy donors were recruited as negative controls. The expression profile of 84 human miRNAs was screened by using miRNA PCR arrays and validated by real-time PCR. The validated miRNAs were correlated with the quantitative imaging parameters extracted from the primary BC samples. Circulating miR-125b-5p and miR-143-3p were upregulated in BC plasma and able to discriminate BC patients from healthy subjects (miR-125-5p area under the receiver operating characteristic ROC curve (AUC) = 0.85 and miR-143-3p AUC = 0.80). Circulating CA15-3, a soluble form of the transmembrane glycoprotein Mucin 1 (MUC-1) that is upregulated in epithelial cancer cells of different origins, was combined with miR-125b-5p and improved the diagnostic accuracy from 70% (CA15-3 alone) to 89% (CA15-3 plus miR-125b-5p). MiR-143-3p showed a strong and significant correlation with the stage of the disease, apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmean), reverse efflux volume transfer constant (Kepmean) and maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), and it might represent a biomarker of tumour aggressiveness. Similarly, miR-125b-5p was correlated with stage and grade 2 but inversely correlated with the forward volume transfer constant (Ktransmean) and proliferation index (Ki67), suggesting a potential role as a biomarker of a relatively more favourable prognosis. In situ hybridization (ISH) experiments revealed that miR-143-3p was expressed in endothelial tumour cells, miR-125-5p in cancer-associated fibroblasts, and neither in epithelial tumour cells. Our results suggested that miR-125-5p and miR-143-3p are potential biomarkers for the risk stratification of BC, and Kaplan-Maier plots confirmed this hypothesis. In addition, the combined use of miR-125-b-5p and CA15-3 enhanced the diagnostic accuracy up to 89%. This is the first study that correlates circulating miRNAs with in vivo quantified tumour biology through PET/MR biomarkers. This integration elucidates the link between the plasmatic increase in these two potential circulating biomarkers and the biology of untreated BC. In conclusion, while miR-143-3b and miR-125b-5p provide valuable information for prognosis, a combination of miR-125b-5p with the tumour marker CA15-3 improves sensitivity for BC detection, which warrants consideration by further validation studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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