20 results on '"developmental rate"'
Search Results
2. Effects of temperature on hatching rate and early larval development of longfin yellowtail Seriola rivoliana
- Author
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Laura T. Guzmán-Villanueva, Vicente Gracia-López, Milton Spanopoulos-Zarco, Minerva Maldonado-García, Miriam Viader-Guerrero, Deneb Maldonado-García, José Antonio Estrada-Godínez, and Alexia Omont
- Subjects
animal structures ,Survival ,Captivity ,SH1-691 ,Aquaculture ,Aquatic Science ,Seriola rivoliana ,Animal science ,medicine ,Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling ,Yolk sac ,Larva ,biology ,Hatching ,business.industry ,fungi ,biology.organism_classification ,Developmental rate ,Eye pigmentation ,Longfin ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,embryonic structures ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Hatching success ,business - Abstract
The longfin yellowtail Seriola rivoliana is an emerging commercial species in aquaculture. However, there is little information regarding environmental conditions and their influence on early larval development that come from natural spawning. Temperature is one of the main factors affecting embryo and larval development. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to determine the impact of different temperatures (16–32 °C) on S. rivoliana hatching rate, larvae quality (survival, growth, yolk sac and oil droplet consumption, protein and lipid contents) and early developmental events (eye pigmentation and mouth opening). Eggs incubated at 23 °C showed the highest hatching rate (75.5%), but the larvae died 24 h after hatching (hah). Nonetheless, larvae cultivated at 24 °C had the highest survival rates at 48 hah and survived without being fed for over 100 hah. The temperature exhibits a direct effect on protein and lipid content, notochord size and oil droplet volume. In S. rivoliana, the larvae notochord size decreased after the oil droplet was more than half consumed, and at the higher temperature the faster the embryo and larvae depleted their endogenous reserves for growth. Finally, after 96 hah, the optimal mouth opening to ingest adequate rotifers for first feeding has been observed at 22 °C, while best eye pigmentation has been obtained at 24 °C. Therefore, we recommend incubating S. rivoliana eggs at 23 °C. After hatching, we suggest adjusting the temperature to 24 °C to increase the survival percentage and start eye development. Ultimately, after 48 h we encourage to low down the temperature at 22 °C to preserve notochordal length and allow faster mouth formation for further feeding. These optimal temperatures could be operated in the aquaculture industry to improve the management of larval development of S. rivoliana in captivity.
- Published
- 2021
3. De Novo Assembly and Annotation of the Larval Transcriptome of Two Spadefoot Toads Widely Divergent in Developmental Rate
- Author
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Jèssica Gómez Garrido, H. Christoph Liedtke, Tyler Alioto, Ivan Gomez-Mestre, Marta Gut, and Anna Esteve-Codina
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0106 biological sciences ,Amphibian ,amphibian transcriptomes ,animal structures ,Developmental plasticity ,Sequence assembly ,Zoology ,Morphology (biology) ,QH426-470 ,Investigations ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,developmental rate ,Transcriptome ,03 medical and health sciences ,Amphibian transcriptomes ,Amphibian development ,biology.animal ,parasitic diseases ,Genetics ,cross-species comparisons ,Molecular Biology ,Genetics (clinical) ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Larva ,biology ,Spadefoot toad ,fungi ,Community structure ,Developmental rate ,biology.organism_classification ,Highly sensitive ,Cross-species comparisons ,Evolutionary biology ,developmental plasticity - Abstract
Amphibians are a highly vulnerable and highly diverse group of vertebrates for which we still have modest genomic resources. In particular, amphibian larvae are a key component of continental wetlands, where they have strong influences on energy fluxes, nutrient cycling, and community structure. Amphibian larvae are highly sensitive to environmental conditions and can often alter their physiology, behaviour and even morphology in response to the local conditions experienced, although we still know relatively little about the transcriptomic changes that enable such plasticity. Here we contribute the transcriptomes of two spadefoot toad species with divergent degrees of developmental plasticity in response to one of the most common hazards to amphibians breeding in temporary ponds, risk of pond drying.
- Published
- 2019
4. Thermal reaction norms can surmount evolutionary constraints: comparative evidence across leaf beetle species
- Author
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Dmitry Kutcherov
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,thermal reaction norm ,Ecology ,biology ,Phylogenetic tree ,Phenology ,temperature threshold ,Interspecific competition ,Phylogenetic comparative methods ,Diversification (marketing strategy) ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Correlation ,developmental rate ,010602 entomology ,Variation (linguistics) ,Ectotherm ,phylogenetic comparative methods ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,optimum ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,Leaf beetle ,Original Research - Abstract
One of the leitmotifs of the ecophysiological research on ectotherms is the variation and evolution of thermal reaction norms for biological rates. This long‐standing issue is crucial both for our understanding of life‐history diversification and for predicting the phenology of economically important species. A number of properties of the organism's thermal phenotype have been identified as potential constraints on the evolution of the rate–temperature relationship. This comparative study addresses several such constraints by testing whether the actual interspecific variation of thermal reaction norms across nearly hundred leaf beetle species agrees with the expected patterns. The results show that developmental rate and its temperature‐dependent parameters are similar in closely related species and that the variation pattern depends on the taxonomic scale, the thermal reaction norms being mostly parallel for the representatives of distant subclades but intersecting more often farther down the phylogenetic tree. The parallel shift disagrees with the putative ubiquity of a positive slope–threshold relationship, whereby thermal reaction norms should normally intersect, and even more contradicts with the common‐intersection hypothesis. The ability to develop in cooler conditions is not traded off at higher temperatures, which is an exception to the “warmer is better” principle. A comparison of high‐ and low‐quality data indicates that some of these discrepancies with earlier findings may stem from a likely presence of noise in previous analyses, which may have affected the variation patterns observed. Overall, the failure to support the universality of the predicted patterns suggests that the evolution of thermal reaction norms in leaf beetles has largely overcome the hypothesized constraints.
- Published
- 2016
5. Optimizing Nesidiocoris tenuis (Hemiptera: Miridae) as a biological control agent: mathematical models for predicting its development as a function of temperature
- Author
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Luis R. Román-Fernández, Ignacio Pérez-Moreno, María Gloria Sáenz-Romo, Vicente S. Marco-Mancebón, and Héctor Martínez-García
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Male ,Nymph ,0106 biological sciences ,Time Factors ,Biological pest control ,thermal thresholds ,Models, Biological ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,developmental rate ,Heteroptera ,Statistics ,Botany ,Animals ,Pest Control, Biological ,Predator ,Ovum ,Phaseolus ,biology ,Mathematical model ,pest management tools ,Temperature ,Linear model ,Reproducibility of Results ,predatory mirids ,General Medicine ,Function (mathematics) ,biology.organism_classification ,Hemiptera ,Miridae ,010602 entomology ,Nonlinear Dynamics ,Nesidiocoris tenuis ,Insect Science ,Linear Models ,Biological Assay ,Female ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,natural enemy - Abstract
For optimal application of Nesidiocoris tenuis as a biological control agent, adequate field management and programmed mass rearing are essential. Mathematical models are useful tools for predicting the temperature-dependent developmental rate of the predator. In this study, the linear model and nonlinear models Logan type III, Lactin and Brière were estimated at constant temperatures and validated at alternating temperatures and under field conditions. N. tenuis achieved complete development from egg to adult at constant temperatures between 15 and 35°C with high survivorship (>80%) in the range 18–32°C. The total developmental time decreased from a maximum at 15°C (76.74 d) to a minimum at 33°C (12.67 d) and after that, increased to 35°C (13.98 d). Linear and nonlinear developmental models all had high accuracy (Ra2 >0.86). The maximum developmental rate was obtained between 31.9°C (Logan type III and Brière model for N1) and 35.6°C (for the egg stage in the Brière model). Optimal survival and the highest developmental rate fell within the range 27–30°C. The field validation revealed that the Logan type III and Lactin models offered the best predictions (95.0 and 94.5%, respectively). The data obtained on developmental time and mortality at different temperatures are useful for mass rearing this predator, and the developmental models are valuable for using N. tenuis as a biological control agent.
- Published
- 2016
6. Estimations of the critical temperatures for development of the pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)
- Author
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Hamzeh Izadi, Mohammad Reza Hassani, Abbas Arbab, and Gadir Nouri-Ganbalani
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Integrated pest management ,agonoscena pistaciae ,critical temperature ,biology ,psyllidae ,biology.organism_classification ,Hemiptera ,Lower temperature ,developmental rate ,Horticulture ,Agonoscena pistaciae ,QL1-991 ,Psylla ,Insect Science ,Botany ,PEST analysis ,Nymph ,Zoology - Abstract
The pistachio psylla, Agonoscena pistaciae Burckhardt & Lauterer (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is a major pest of pistachio trees throughout the pistachio producing regions in Iran. The effect of temperature on the developmental rates of eggs and nymphs of A. pistaciae was determined at different constant temperatures, i.e. 15, 20, 25, 30, 32.5 and 35 ± 0.5°C. The relationships between temperature and developmental rates were described by linear and the non-linear Lactin models. These models were evaluated based on R 2 , RSS, AIC and R 2 adj. The estimated value of the lower temperature threshold for egg, nymph and egg to adult development based on the linear model was 8.06, 10.38 and 9.97°C, respectively, and based on the Lactin model was 8, 11.55 and 11.2°C, respec- tively. Thermal constants estimated using the linear model, were 88.5, 243.90 and 333.33 DD, respectively, for egg, nymph and egg to adult development. These results indicate that the linear model gives a better description of the relationship between develop- mental rate and temperature for A. pistaciae than the non-linear model. These results could be incorporated into forecasting models used in the integrated pest management of this pest.
- Published
- 2011
7. Temperature-dependent development of dubas bug, Ommatissus lybicus (Hemiptera: Tropiduchidae), an endemic pest of date palm, Phoenix dactylifera
- Author
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Abdul Monim Mokhtar and Salem Saif Al Nabhani
- Subjects
ommatissus lybicus ,degree-days ,hemiptera ,media_common.quotation_subject ,lethal high temperature ,Insect ,dubas bug ,lower thermal threshold ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Hemiptera ,developmental rate ,Horticulture ,QL1-991 ,Insect Science ,Nonlinear model ,Botany ,Phoenix dactylifera ,Ommatissus lybicus ,PEST analysis ,Palm ,Nymph ,Zoology ,date palm ,media_common - Abstract
Dubas bug, Ommatissus lybicus Bergevin, is an important pest of date palm on the Arab peninsula. This sucking insect causes great damage to the trees and reduces the quantity and quality of the dates. Effect of temperature on the development of the immature stages of O. lybicus was studied in the laboratory by rearing them at nine constant temperatures, ranging from 15 to 35°C. Development was successfully completed at temperatures ranging from 20 to 35°C for eggs and from 20 to 32.5°C for nymphs. The lower thermal thresholds for development of eggs, nymphs and egg-adult were estimated by means of linear regression as 12.9, 12.9 and 13.2°C, respectively. Thermal units required for the development of the same stages were 572.5, 648.2 and 1184.4 degree-days, respectively. The lethal high temperatures were also estimated using a nonlinear model as 34.5, 43.4 and 34.6°C for eggs, nymphs and total immature stages, respectively. The development rate and survival data indicate that the optimum temperature range for O. lybicus is 25-27.5°C.
- Published
- 2010
8. Temperature Characterization of Different Urban Microhabitats of Aedes albopictus (Diptera Culicidae) in Central-Northern Italy
- Author
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Silvia Mascali Zeo, Romeo Bellini, Claudio Venturelli, Gianni Messeri, Roberto Vallorani, Paola Angelini, Alfonso Crisci, and Marco Carrieri
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Male ,Aedes albopictus ,Population ,Introduced species ,Structural basin ,Mediterranean Basin ,Invasive species ,developmental rate ,Aedes ,Temperate climate ,population dynamics ,Animals ,Cities ,education ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Ecosystem ,Ovum ,education.field_of_study ,Ecology ,biology ,breeding site ,Pupa ,temperature ,biology.organism_classification ,diapause ,Italy ,Insect Science ,Larva ,Female ,Introduced Species - Abstract
Aedes albopictus (Skuse) is an invasive mosquito species that has spread to many countries in temperate regions bordering the Mediterranean basin, where it is becoming a major public health concern. A good knowledge of the thermal features of the most productive breeding sites for Ae. albopictus is crucial for a better estimation of the mosquitoes' life cycle and developmental rates. In this article, we address the problem of predicting air temperature in three microhabitats common in urban and suburban areas and the air and water temperature inside an ordinary catch basin, which is considered the most productive breeding site for Ae. albopictus in Italy. Temperature differences were statistically proven between the three microhabitats and between the catch basin external and internal temperature. The impacts on the developmental rates for each life stage of Ae. albopictus were tested through a parametric function of the temperature, and the aquatic stages resulted as being the most affected using the specific temperature inside a typical catch basin instead of a generic air temperature. The impact of snow cover on the catch basin internal temperature, and consequently on the mortality of diapausing eggs, was also evaluated. These data can be useful to improve epidemiological models for a better prediction of Ae. albopictus seasonal and population dynamics in central-northern Italian urban areas.
- Published
- 2015
9. Estimativa do tempo de desenvolvimento de Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) através de modelos não lineares
- Author
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R. S. Medeiros, Francisco S. Ramalho, José Eduardo Serrão, and José Cola Zanuncio
- Subjects
predator ,biology ,Ecology ,Heteroptera ,Asopinae ,biological control ,Non linear model ,Pentatomidae ,biology.organism_classification ,taxa de desenvolvimento ,developmental rate ,Alabama argillacea ,Animal science ,predador ,Insect Science ,controle biológico - Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the precision of the non linear models of Davidson (1942, 1944), Stinner et al. (1974), Sharpe & DeMichele (1977), and Lactin et al. (1995) to describe relationship between developmental rate of different stages of Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) and temperature. Lower values of R² for the models of Davidson (0.1593 to 0.2672, and 0.1406 to 0.2804 for males and females, respectively) and of Stinner et al. (0.2136 to 0.6389, and 0.1417 to 0.3045 for males and females, respectively) showed that these models were not adequate to estimate developmental rate of P. nigrispinus as function of temperature. However, high values of R² for the models of Sharpe & DeMichele (0.9226 to 0.9893, and 0.8818 to 0.9914 for males and females, respectively), and of Lactin et al. (0.9485 to 0.9997, and 0.8961 to 0.9997 for males and females, respectively) showed that these models are suitable to estimate developmental rate of P. nigrispinus as function of temperature. Females of P. nigrispinus showed high tolerance to high temperature which is represented by high values of H H for immature stage of this insect obtained with the Sharpe & DeMichele model. According to this model females of P. nigrispinus present thermal stress at 33.3ºC, which indicates that maximum thermal estimated by this model was close to the real one. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a precisão dos modelos não lineares de Davidson (1942, 1944), Stinner et al. (1974), Sharpe & DeMichele (1977) e Lactin et al. (1995) no estudo da relação entre as taxas de desenvolvimento das diferentes fases de Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) e a temperatura. Os menores valores de R² para os modelos de Davidson (0,1593 a 0,2672, e de 0,1406 a 0,2804 para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente) e de Stinner et al. (0,2136 a 0,6389, e de 0,1417 a 0,3045 para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente), indicaram que esses modelos não são adequados para a estimativa do tempo de desenvolvimento de P. nigrispinus, em função da temperatura. Entretanto, os altos valores de R² para os modelos de Sharpe & DeMichele (0,9226 a 0,9893, e de 0,8818 a 0,9914 para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente), e de Lactin et al. (0,9485 a 0,9997, e de 0,8961 a 0,9997 para machos e fêmeas, respectivamente), indicaram que esses modelos são adequados para a estimativa do tempo de desenvolvimento de P. nigrispinus, em função da temperatura. Fêmeas de P. nigrispinus, na fase imatura, mostraram maior tolerância à alta temperatura, a qual é representada pelo parâmetro H H obtido do modelo de Sharpe & DeMichele. De acordo com este modelo, fêmeas de P. nigrispinus na fase imatura apresentam estresse térmico a 33,3°C, indicando que a estimativa da ação térmica máxima foi bastante realista.
- Published
- 2004
10. Effect of temperature on fecundity and development of the Giant Willow Aphid, Tuberolachnus salignus (Sternorrhyncha: Aphididae)
- Author
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Simon R. Leather and Catherine Matilda Collins
- Subjects
Willow ,short rotation coppice ,fecundity ,aphididae ,intrinsic rate of increase ,Zoology ,Alate ,survival ,developmental rate ,lachninae ,tuberolachnus salignus ,salix ,Botany ,Population dynamics ,threshold temperature ,willow ,Aphid ,biology ,Aphididae ,Fecundity ,biology.organism_classification ,Sternorrhyncha ,Tuberolachnus salignus ,aphid ,QL1-991 ,Insect Science - Abstract
This study investigates the thermal requirements, nymphal development rates and the fecundity of both alate and apterous adults of the giant willow aphid, Tuberolachnus salignus (Gmelin) at several temperatures. Nymphal development rate increased linearly with temperature. It was estimated that 196 ± 4 degree-days above a threshold temperature of 5.5 ± 0.3°C were required for apterae to complete development from birth to final ecdysis. The alate morph was significantly less fecund than the apterous morph and its fecundity did not vary with temperature. The apterous morph displayed highest fecundity at 20°C. Survival to reproduction was lower in the alate morph, but temperature had no effect on the proportion reproducing in either morph.
- Published
- 2001
11. Threshold temperatures and degree-day estimates for embryonic development of the invasive apple snail Pomacea canaliculata (Caenogastropoda: Ampullariidae)
- Author
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Maria Emilia Seuffert, Lucía Saveanu, and Pablo Rafael Martín
- Subjects
Caenogastropoda ,biology ,Ecology ,Hatching ,CUMULATIVE DEGREE-DAYS ,EGGS ,Otras Ciencias Biológicas ,Ampullariidae ,Zoology ,HATCHING ,Snail ,biology.organism_classification ,Invasive species ,Degree day ,Ciencias Biológicas ,DEVELOPMENTAL RATE ,Lower threshold ,LOWER THRESHOLD ,biology.animal ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Pomacea canaliculata ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS - Abstract
Pomacea canaliculate is a freshwater snail native to subtropical-temperate South America that has invaded several countries around the world. Temperature is probably one of the main limitations to the expansion of this and other apple snails to higher latitudes in invaded regions. Egg masses are aerial, and the duration of embryonic development varies greatly with air temperature. We compared different methods for determining the lower temperature thresholds and the cumulative degree-days (DD) required for the completion of the embryonic development of P. canaliculate. The lower temperature threshold was estimated with four methods: the least standard deviation from the mean of degree-days, the least standard deviation from the mean of days, the coefficient of variation in days and the linear regression coefficient method. The cumulative degree-days were estimated using hourly records and daily averages (calculated according to the single triangle and the single sine methods) of air temperature. The lower temperature thresholds ranged between 15.8°C and 18.3°C and the cumulative DD between 88.8°C.d and 133.8°C.d. The estimations obtained with the single triangle and the single sine methods were exactly the same. The values obtained with the method of the least standard deviation in degree-days and the corresponding cumulative DD were the poorest estimations. The estimates obtained with daily mean temperatures were close to those obtained with hourly records, indicating that recording only maximum and minimum temperatures should be sufficient. The use of degree-day models for egg development in Pomacea will serve to increase the effectiveness and efficacy of control measures targeted to egg masses through a better timing in their application, especially in localities with highly variable temperatures. Fil: Seuffert, Maria Emilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia; Argentina Fil: Saveanu, Lucía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia; Argentina Fil: Martín, Pablo Rafael. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca; Argentina. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia; Argentina
- Published
- 2012
12. Life-history parameters of western flower thrips on susceptible and resistant cucumber genotypes
- Author
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Chris Mollema and Carmen Soria
- Subjects
Larva ,Thrips ,biology ,Frankliniella occidentalis ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Centrum voor Plantenveredelings- en Reproduktieonderzoek ,Thripidae ,biology.organism_classification ,survival ,Western flower thrips ,developmental rate ,reproduction ,Horticulture ,Insect Science ,Botany ,PEST analysis ,Cucumis sativus ,Reproduction ,Cucumis ,Cucurbitaceae ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,media_common - Abstract
The life-history parameters reproduction rate, developmental time and age specific survival of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) [Thysanoptera:Thripidae], were determined on susceptible and resistant cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) genotypes. Both newly emerged and F. occidentalis females of mixed ages showed a substantial reduction (36 to 50%) of the reproduction rate on all resistant genotypes, in particular after the second day. On the resistant genotypes 9127 and 9140, F. occidentalis had a prolonged developmental period. This was primarily due to a prolongation of the second larval stage. On all resistant genotypes, F. occidentalis suffered from high (82 to 97%) preadult mortality, predominantly at the second larval stage. It is concluded that the resistant genotypes do not cause an immediate intoxication of adult nor preadult thrips stages.
- Published
- 1995
13. Life table analysis for immatures and female adults of the predatory beetle, Delphastus catalinae, feeding on whiteflies under three constant temperatures
- Author
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Benjamin C. Legaspi, Mohamed Soumare, Jesusa Crisostomo Legaspi, and Alvin M. Simmons
- Subjects
Male ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Homoptera ,Oviposition ,fecundity ,Bemisia tabaci ,Article ,developmental rate ,Hemiptera ,Animal science ,Botany ,Doubling time ,Animals ,Life Tables ,Population dynamics ,media_common ,Delphastus ,Life Cycle Stages ,biology ,Body Weight ,Temperature ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Fecundity ,Survival Analysis ,Coleoptera ,Fertility ,Coccinellidae ,Insect Science ,Female ,Reproduction ,survivorship - Abstract
Immature development and reproductive life history of Delphastus catalinae (Horn) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) feeding on Bemisia tabaci biotype B (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) (= B. argentifolii Bellows and Perring) immatures was studied at three constant temperatures: 22, 26 and 30 degrees C. Lower developmental threshold temperatures (T0) were estimated at 9 and 9.9 degrees C, for males and females, respectively. Female adults weighed slightly more than males (0.587 and 0.505 mg, respectively). As temperature increased from 22 to 30 degrees C, developmental time from eggs to eclosion of the adult declined from 24 to 15 days. Thermal units required for immature development was approximately 300 degree-days. Percentage egg hatch declined at increasing temperatures, but no significant effect of time was found. The intrinsic rate of increase, r, increased from 0.048 to 0.082 and doubling time decreased from 14.44 to 8.45 days as temperature increased from 22 to 26 degrees C. Mean daily fecundity was modeled as a function of time and temperature to create a 3-dimensional surface. Overall, Delphastus catalinae was found to perform better at 22 and 26 degrees C while 30 degrees C was detrimental to immature development and adult reproduction.
- Published
- 2010
14. How does heat shock affect the life history traits of adults and progeny of the aphid parasitoid Aphidius avenae (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae)?
- Author
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J. van Baaren, J. J. M. van Alphen, Olivier Roux, C. Le Lann, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paysages, Changements Climatique, Biodiversité, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), European Project: 37869,COMPAREVOL, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE)
- Subjects
Male ,0106 biological sciences ,Hot Temperature ,media_common.quotation_subject ,fecundity ,Wasps ,Population ,Zoology ,parasitic wasp ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Parasitoid ,Life history theory ,developmental rate ,heat stress ,Sexual Behavior, Animal ,Sex Factors ,longevity ,Animals ,Sex Ratio ,education ,media_common ,education.field_of_study ,Aphid ,biology ,Ecology ,Reproduction ,fungi ,Longevity ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Fecundity ,010602 entomology ,sex-specific effect ,13. Climate action ,Aphids ,Insect Science ,Ectotherm ,Female ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Braconidae ,Heat-Shock Response - Abstract
Because insects are ectotherms, their physiology, behaviour and fitness are influenced by the ambient temperature. Any changes in environmental temperatures may impact the fitness and life history traits of insects and, thus, affect population dynamics. Here, we experimentally tested the impact of heat shock on the fitness and life history traits of adults of the aphid parasitoidAphidius avenaeand on the later repercussions for their progeny. Our results show that short exposure (1 h) to an elevated temperature (36°C), which is frequently experienced by parasitoids during the summer, resulted in high mortality rates in a parasitoid population and strongly affected the fitness of survivors by drastically reducing reproductive output and triggering a sex-dependent effect on lifespan. Heat stress resulted in greater longevity in surviving females and in shorter longevity in surviving males in comparison with untreated individuals. Viability and the developmental rates of progeny were also affected in a sex-dependent manner. These results underline the ecological importance of the thermal stress response of parasitoid species, not only for survival, but also for maintaining reproductive activities.
- Published
- 2010
15. Estimate of Alabama argillacea (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) development with nonlinear models
- Author
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José Cola Zanuncio, José Eduardo Serrão, R. S. Medeiros, and Francisco S. Ramalho
- Subjects
algodoeiro ,Gossypium hirsutum ,curuquerê-do-algodoeiro ,Models, Biological ,taxa de desenvolvimento ,developmental rate ,Lepidoptera genitalia ,lcsh:Botany ,Botany ,lcsh:Zoology ,Animals ,Cultivar ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,lcsh:Science ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,biology ,temperatura ,Temperature ,temperature ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:QK1-989 ,Lepidoptera ,Alabama argillacea ,Horticulture ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Nonlinear Dynamics ,Nonlinear model ,cotton leafworm ,Noctuidae ,Instar ,lcsh:Q ,Female ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences - Abstract
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar qual modelo não linear [Davidson (1942, 1944), Stinner et al. (1974), Sharpe & DeMichele (1977) e Lactin et al. (1995)] descreve melhor a relação entre as taxas de desenvolvimento dos diferentes ínstares e fases de Alabama argillacea (Hübner) e a temperatura. As lagartas de A. argillacea foram alimentadas com folhas de algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum L., raça latifolium Hutch., cultivar CNPA 7H) e submetidas às temperaturas constantes de 20, 23, 25, 28, 30, 33 e 35oC, umidade relativa de 60 ± 10% e fotoperíodo de 14 horas. Os baixos valores de R2 obtidos para os modelos de Davidson (0,0001 a 0,1179) e de Stinner et al. (0,0099 a 0,8296) indicaram que eles não são adequados para estimar o desenvolvimento de A. argillacea em função da temperatura. Entretanto, os altos valores de R2 dos modelos de Sharpe & DeMichele (0,9677 a 0,9997) e de Lactin et al. (0.9684 a 0.9997) indicaram que os mesmos estimam, adequadamente, o tempo de desenvolvimento de A. argillacea em função da temperatura. The objective of this work was to evaluate which nonlinear model [Davidson (1942, 1944), Stinner et al. (1974), Sharpe & DeMichele (1977), and Lactin et al. (1995)] best describes the relationship between developmental rates of the different instars and stages of Alabama argillacea (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), and temperature. A. argillacea larvae were fed with cotton leaves (Gossypium hirsutum L., race latifolium Hutch., cultivar CNPA 7H) at constant temperatures of 20, 23, 25, 28, 30, 33, and 35oC; relative humidity of 60 ± 10%; and photoperiod of 14:10 L:D. Low R2 values obtained with Davidson (0.0001 to 0.1179) and Stinner et al. (0.0099 to 0.8296) models indicated a poor fit of their data for A. argillacea. However, high R2 values of Sharpe & DeMichele (0.9677 to 0.9997) and Lactin et al. (0.9684 to 0.9997) models indicated a better fit for estimating A. argillacea development.
- Published
- 2003
16. Genetic components affecting embryonic developmental time of Drosophila melanogaster
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Ivana Beatrici Manica da Cruz, Alice Kalisz de Oliveira, Jurema Cruz do Nascimento, and Luiz Alberto dos Santos Monjeló
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Genetics ,lcsh:QH426-470 ,fungi ,Maternal effect ,embryo ,Embryonic Stage ,Embryo ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Developmental rate ,Embryonic stem cell ,Phenotype ,developmental rate ,Desenvolvimento embrionário ,lcsh:Genetics ,Drosophila melanogaster ,Genetic model ,Drosophila ,Molecular Biology - Abstract
The developmental time of the embryonic stage of Drosophila melanogaster was 21.66% faster and 14.75% slower than controls in populations selected for fast and slow developmental speed, respectively. The genetic model with two main loci with dominant and additive effect added to maternal effect and their relevant interactions can explain 96% of the phenotypic variability in the embryonic developmental time according to 14 crossing progenies involving fast and slow flies.
- Published
- 2002
17. Starvation resistance in Drosophila melanogaster in relation to the polymorphisms at the Adh and αGpdh loci
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W. van Delden, L Oudman, Rudolf Bijlsma, A. Kamping, Population Genetics, and Bijlsma group
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SELECTION ,Physiology ,METABOLISM ,ENVIRONMENTAL-TEMPERATURE ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,DEVELOPMENTAL RATE ,Polymorphism (computer science) ,Drosophilidae ,ETHANOL ,medicine ,Allele ,Allele frequency ,Starvation ,Genetics ,biology ,Triglyceride ,OXYGEN CONSUMPTION ,Cline (biology) ,LITTER-INHABITING COLLEMBOLA ,biology.organism_classification ,STARVATION RESISTANCE ,DESICCATION TOLERANCE ,VARIABILITY ,chemistry ,Insect Science ,POPULATIONS ,Drosophila melanogaster ,medicine.symptom ,ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE POLYMORPHISM ,ENZYME POLYMORPHISM ,NATURAL SELECTION ,TRIGLYCERIDES - Abstract
In view of the world-wide latitudinal cline of the Adh and α Gpdh allozyme frequencies of Drosophila melanogaster and the interactions between these loci, experiments were performed to study the phenotypic effects of these loci. Starvation resistance, oxygen consumption, body weight, protein content and triglycerides content were measured in flies with all possible combinations of Adh and α Gpdh alleles. Genotypic differences were found for survival time under food deprivation, body weight, protein content and triglycerides content. Oxygen consumption did not differ significantly between genotypes. A significant positive correlation was observed between triglycerides content and starvation resistance. Body weight, protein content and triglycerides content decreased significantly during starvation but no rate differences between genotypes could be found. It is argued that genotypic differences in starvation resistance and triglycerides content can play a role in the maintenance of the world-wide cline of Adh and α Gpdh allele frequencies.
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- 1994
18. Fitness of two sibling species of Asobara (Braconidae:Alysiinae), larval parasitoids of Drosophilidae in different microhabitats
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Louise E. M. Vet and Chris J. Janse
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Sympatry ,food.ingredient ,adaptation ,Hymenoptera ,speciation ,developmental rate ,Parasitoid ,food ,Drosophilidae ,Laboratory of Entomology ,Mating ,parasitoid ,host searching ,Asobara ,adaptive divergence ,Ecology ,biology ,Host (biology) ,Laboratorium voor Entomologie ,biology.organism_classification ,Insect Science ,Adaptation ,oviposition ,Braconidae - Abstract
1. Two sibling species of larval endoparasitoids of Drosophilidae: Asobara tabida (Nees) and A.rufescens (Foerster) occur in the same macrohabitat, but inhabit different microhabitats. Each species is most attracted by odours of its own microhabitat. 2. In order to assess the adaptive value of the microhabitat preference we studied the survival of both parasitoids in the major host species that occur in these microhabitats. 3. Survival in the major host in the preferred microhabitat was shown to be 40% higher for A.tabida and 30% higher for A.rufescens when compared to survival in the major host in the non-preferred microhabitat. 4. Measurements of developmental rates, specific mortalities and dry weights of the parasitoids suggest that the differential survival is due to differences in synchronization with the hosts. 5. The possible evolutionary consequences of some biological characteristics in Asobara are discussed. Microhabitat selection, differential survival, development and mating behaviour are attributes likely to have played a role in the reduction of gene flow between populations of the ancestral species, either in primary or in secondary sympatry.
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- 1984
19. Temperature-dependent development of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and their validation in semi-field condition
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Chang-Gyu Park, Jeong Joon Ahn, and Hong-Hyun Park
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biology ,Rice paddy field ,Phenology ,Dark cycle ,Temperature ,biology.organism_classification ,Developmental rate ,Optimal management ,Cnaphalocrocis medinalis ,Toxicology ,Total mortality ,Lepidoptera genitalia ,Nonlinear developmental rate model ,Insect Science ,Pyralidae ,Weibull distribution - Abstract
The developmental time and survival of the immature stages of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenee were studied at nine constant temperatures (15, 17.5, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5, 30, 32.5, and 35 °C), 40 ± 10% relative humidity, and a 16:8 h light:dark cycle. The total developmental time decreased with increasing temperature between 15 (115.6 days) and 32.5 °C (20.9 days), but increased above 32.5 °C. The relationship between the developmental rate and temperature was fitted by a linear model and three nonlinear developmental rate models (Logan 6, Briere 1, and Shi et al.). The nonlinear shape of temperature-dependent development was best described by the Briere 1 model (r2 = 0.99), and this was supported by statistical information criteria. The total mortality of immature C. medinalis was lowest at 25 °C (67.2%) and highest at 35 °C (98.1%). The distribution of the developmental times of each stage was described by the two-parameter Weibull distribution equation (r2 = 0.84–0.96). The predicted date for the cumulative 50% moth emergence was within a variation of one day using the Briere 1 model. The temperature-dependent developmental models for C. medinalis could be applied to determine an optimal management strategy for C. medinalis in paddy fields, and will be helpful in developing a full-cycle phenology model for C. medinalis.
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20. Effect of population density on the development of Mesovelia furcata (Mesoveliidae), Microvelia reticulata and Velia caprai (Veliidae) (Heteroptera: Gerromorpha)
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Tomáš Ditrich and Miroslav Papáček
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veliidae ,Wing ,biology ,Ecology ,oogenesis ,Heteroptera ,biology.organism_classification ,Population density ,developmental rate ,Sexual dimorphism ,wing dimorphism ,QL1-991 ,Insect Science ,Veliidae ,Velia caprai ,mesoveliidae ,Nymph ,Gerromorpha ,population density ,body size ,Zoology ,heteroptera - Abstract
Population density during nymphal development affects body size, developmental rate and wing polymorphism in semiaquatic bugs. Nymphs from crowded habitats grow faster and thus gain an advantage in the later stadia. Rapid development results in smaller body size in several gerrids. Macropterous adults develop more frequently at high population densities in most species, which enables the bugs to leave crowded habitats. Three European widespread species Mesovelia furcata Mulsant & Rey, 1852 (Mesoveliidae), Microvelia reticulata Burmeister, 1835 and Velia caprai Tamanini, 1947 (Veliidae) were reared individually and simultaneously either at a low or high population density. Duration of postembryonic development, wing morph, body size and length of distal oocyte in females were recorded. High population density accelerates development in Mesovelia furcata and Microvelia reticulata. However, there was no trade-off between developmental rate and body size. Accelerated development without a decrease in body size was probably because maturation was delayed. Individually reared nymphs developed faster than nymphs from communal cohorts. No long-winged Microvelia reticulata specimen developed in any treatment. However, more macropterous individuals developed in high-density treatments in Mesovelia furcata (significant) and Velia caprai (not significant). All the nymphs of the species that were reared individually developed into apterous adults. The results suggest that population density strongly influences the life history of semiaquatic bugs. However, the only commonly shared response seems to be an increase in developmental rate when reared at high population densities. Other traits such as wing dimorphism, body size and rate of oogenesis differ at the species level.
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