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Your search keyword '"Orru, G"' showing total 3 results
Start Over Author "Orru, G" Topic biology.organism_classification
3 results on '"Orru, G"'

1. Pyrazinamide resistance in multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in Abkhazia

Author

Pardini M., Varaine F., Hewison C., Iona E., Pataracchia M., Orefici G., Fattorini L., Oggioni M. R., Meacci F., D'Amato V., Andrew P. W., Barer M., Yesilkaya H., Rinder H., Rusch-Gerdes S., Niemann S., Orru G., Bonnet M., Jarosz T., Pardini M., Varaine F., Hewison C., Iona E., Pataracchia M., Orefici G., Fattorini L., Oggioni M.R., Meacci F., D'Amato V., Andrew P.W., Barer M., Yesilkaya H., Rinder H., Rusch-Gerdes S., Niemann S., Orru G., Bonnet M., and Jarosz T.

Subjects
Pharmacology, biology, business.industry, Antitubercular Agents, Drug resistance, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pyrazinamide, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, bacterial infections and mycoses, Microbiology, Multiple drug resistance, Infectious Diseases, Oncology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), tuberculosis, drug resistance, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains, i.e. strains resistant at least to isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RMP), the two most powerful first-line drugs for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB), represents a worldwide health care problem. Patients with MDR strains should receive therapy based on individual drug susceptibility testing (DST) 1 including residual first-line (streptomycin, SM; ethambutol, EMB; and pyrazinamide, PZA) and second-line (ofloxacin, kanamycin, capreomycin, ethionamide, p-aminosalicylic acid, cycloserine) anti-TB drugs.

Published
2007

2. Protocol for real time PCR identification of anthrax spores in nasal swabs after broth enrichment

Author

Germano Orrù, Alessandra Ciervo, Gianni Pozzi, Marco R. Oggioni, Francesca Meacci, Alessandra Carattoli, Antonio Cassone, Oggioni MR, Meacci F, Carattoli A, Ciervo A, Orru G, Cassone A, and Pozzi G

Subjects
Spores, chromosome marker, Polymerase Chain Reaction, law.invention, Ames strain, law, Biowarfare, Mass Screening, biological warfare, primer DNA, Bacteria (microorganisms), time, Polymerase chain reaction, Spores, Bacterial, biology, article, Bacterial, nose smear, Bacterial Typing Techniques, Bacillus anthracis, priority journal, Posibacteria, Italy, Cereus, Nasal Swab, bacterium identification, diagnostic accuracy, diagnostic value, primer DNA, anthrax, Bacillus cereus, bacterial strain, bacterium culture, biosafety, color, culture medium, human, mass screening, nonhuman, nucleotide sequence, polymerase chain reaction, sensitivity and specificity, time, Anthrax, Bioterrorism, Culture Media, Humans, Nasal Mucosa, Sensitivity and Specificity, Specimen Handling, Spores, Bacterial, Anthrax, Microbiology (medical), Microbiology, Molecular diagnostic, Anthrax, Mass screening, Bacteriology, rpoB, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Bacteria
Abstract

A mass-screening protocol for the diagnosis of anthrax from nasal swabs based on an enrichment step in liquid medium was devised. Incubation for growth was performed in autoclavable vials and racks which allow real-time PCR analysis of sterilized cultures. A dual-color PCR was set up with primers and probes for the chromosomal marker rpoB and the plasmid marker lef . Specific primer and probe sets were designed for the differentiation of Bacillus anthracis from B. cereus and for the differentiation of the Sterne vaccine strain from field isolates and the Ames strain, which was used in the recent anthrax bioterrorist attack. The present protocol thus combines the high specificity and sensitivity of real-time PCR with excellent biosafety and the low hands-on time necessary for the processing of large numbers of samples, which is extremely important during control programs involving the processing of large numbers of samples.

Published
2002

3. Antibacterial polyphenols from olive oil mill waste waters

Author

L. Schivo, Germano Orrù, Antonio Evidente, Renato Capasso, Gennaro Cristinzio, M.A. Marcialis, Capasso, R., Evidente, A., Schivo, L., Orru, G., Marcialis, M. A., and Cristinzio, G.

Subjects
Polymers, Corynebacterium, Waste Disposal, Fluid, Microbiology, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Cell Line, chemistry.chemical_compound, Phenols, Pseudomonas, Botany, Humans, Plant Oils, Food science, Olive Oil, Antibacterial agent, Flavonoids, biology, food and beverages, Polyphenols, Water, biology.organism_classification, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Tyrosol, chemistry, Polyphenol, Hydroxytyrosol, Guaiacol, Bacteria, Pseudomonadaceae, Waste disposal
Abstract

Olive oil vegetation waters (VW) were highly toxic to both phytopathogenic Pseudomonas syringae (Smith, Yung et al.) pv. savastanoi (Gram-negative) and Corynebacterium michiganense (Gram-positive) and showed bactericidal activity in their original concentration (in raw form). Among the main polyphenols, present in the waste waters, methylcatechol proved to be the most toxic to Ps. savastanoi at 10(-4) mol l-1, and also demonstrated bactericidal activity, while on Coryne. michiganense it was only slightly active; catechol and hydroxytyrosol were less active on Ps. savastanoi, but inactive on Coryne. michiganense; tyrosol and its synthetic isomers 1,2- and 1,3-tyrosol were completely inactive on both bacteria. Among the derivatives of VW polyphenols considered, acetylcatechol and guaiacol were selectively toxic for Ps. savastanoi, while o-quinone was strongly toxic for both bacteria. The minor carboxylic polyphenols of VW at 10(-4) mol l-1 were all inactive on the bacteria. VW, catechol, 4-methylcatechol and the less abundant carboxylic polyphenols proved to be toxic on Hep2 human cells. Finally the possibility of using the active polyphenols in agriculture in an integrated pest management program for the protection of the olive plant is discussed.

Published
1995

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