1. HIV-associated neurodegeneration: exploitation of the neuronal cytoskeleton
- Author
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Erin D. Wenzel, Italo Mocchetti, and Valeriya Avdoshina
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,AIDS Dementia Complex ,Neurology ,Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins ,Central nervous system ,Biology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Transactivation ,0302 clinical medicine ,Microtubule ,Virology ,medicine ,Humans ,Cytoskeleton ,Actin ,Neurons ,Neurodegeneration ,Neurotoxicity ,virus diseases ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Neurology (clinical) ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) infection of the central nervous system damages synapses and promotes axonal injury, ultimately resulting in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). The mechanisms through which HIV causes damage to neurons are still under investigation. The cytoskeleton and associated proteins are fundamental for axonal and dendritic integrity. In this article, we review evidence that HIV proteins, such as the envelope protein gp120 and Transactivator of transcription (Tat), impair the structure and function of the neuronal cytoskeleton. Investigation into the effects of viral proteins on the neuronal cytoskeleton may provide a better understanding of HIV neurotoxicity and suggest new avenues for additional therapies.
- Published
- 2019
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