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1. Low-Valent Calix[4]arene Glycoconjugates Based on Hydroxamic Acid Bearing Linkers as Potent Inhibitors in a Model of Ebola Virus Cis-Infection and HCMV-gB-Recombinant Glycoprotein Interaction with MDDC Cells by Blocking DC-SIGN

Author: Catherine Mullié, Peter J. Cragg, Franck Fieschi, Vanessa Porkolab, Roman Sommer, Coraline Cheneau, Mohamed Amine Ben Maaouia, Franck Halary, David Mathiron, Rafael Delgado, Mohammed Benazza, Rym Abidi, Serge Pilard, Joanna Luczkowiak, Marwa Taouai, Khouloud Chakroun, Laboratoire de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agro-ressources - UMR CNRS 7378 (LG2A ), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (U1064 Inserm - CRTI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Plateforme Analytique (PFA), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Laboratoire d'Application de la Chimie aux Ressources et Substances Naturelles de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Agents infectieux, résistance et chimiothérapie - UR UPJV 4294 (AGIR ), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K, Institut de transplantation urologie-néphrologie (ITUN), and Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes)
Subjects: viruses, Cytomegalovirus, Receptors, Cell Surface, Plasma protein binding, medicine.disease_cause, Hydroxamic Acids, Jurkat cells, Antiviral Agents, Models, Biological, Cell Line, chemistry.chemical_compound, Jurkat Cells, Viral Proteins, Phenols, Drug Discovery, medicine, Humans, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Avidity, Lectins, C-Type, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Glycoproteins, chemistry.chemical_classification, Ebola virus, biology, Cell adhesion molecule, virus diseases, Heparan sulfate, Dendritic Cells, Ebolavirus, Virology, Recombinant Proteins, DC-SIGN, chemistry, biology.protein, Molecular Medicine, Calixarenes, Glycoprotein, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Glycoconjugates, Protein Binding
Abstract: In addition to a variety of viral-glycoprotein receptors (e.g., heparan sulfate, Niemann-Pick C1, etc.), dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN), from the C-type lectin receptor family, plays one of the most important pathogenic functions for a wide range of viruses (e.g., Ebola, human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), HIV-1, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, etc.) that invade host cells before replication; thus, its inhibition represents a relevant extracellular antiviral therapy. We report two novel p-tBu-calixarene glycoclusters 1 and 2, bearing tetrahydroxamic acid groups, which exhibit micromolar inhibition of soluble DC-SIGN binding and provide nanomolar IC50 inhibition of both DC-SIGN-dependent Jurkat cis-cell infection by viral particle pseudotyped with Ebola virus glycoprotein and the HCMV-gB-recombinant glycoprotein interaction with monocyte-derived dendritic cells expressing DC-SIGN. A unique cooperative involvement of sugar, linker, and calixarene core is likely behind the strong avidity of DC-SIGN for these low-valent systems. We claim herein new promising candidates for the rational development of a large spectrum of antiviral therapeutics.
Published: 2021
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2. Abscission of Orange Fruit (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osb.) in the Mediterranean Basin Depends More on Environmental Conditions Than on Fruit Ripeness

Author: Francisco R. Tadeo, Mehdi Ben Mimoun, François Luro, Hajer Khefifi, Rim Selmane, Raphaël Morillon, Amélioration génétique et adaptation des plantes méditerranéennes et tropicales (UMR AGAP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Amélioration Génétique et Adaptation des Plantes méditerranéennes et Tropicales Corse - Antenne Corse (AGAP-Corse), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias - Institut Valencià d'Investigacions Agraries - Valencian Institute for agricultural Research (IVIA), Département Systèmes Biologiques (Cirad-BIOS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad), CIRAD, INRA, and University of Carthage (Tunisia)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, [SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Abscission, Vegetative reproduction, F62 - Physiologie végétale - Croissance et développement, Orange (colour), Biology, Ripeness, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:Agriculture, Maturation, total soluble solids, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Cultivar, Mûrissage, acidity, growing degree days, 2. Zero hunger, Physiologie du développement, Climat, lcsh:S, food and beverages, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Growing degree-day, fruit detachment force, Physiologie végétale, Horticulture, Fruit abscission, citrus color index, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Agronomy and Crop Science, Citrus × sinensis, Citrus sinensis, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Orange fruit abscission usually occurs at the final stage of fruit maturation but in some areas of citrus production, in advance of the usual harvest period, and sometimes suddenly and intensely. The reasons for this precocious citrus fruit abscission remains unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to try to clarify what the determinants of this phenomenon are. A multi-site experimentation was carried out on six orange cultivars, in Corsica, Spain and Tunisia where the phenomenon of early massive fruit drop varies. Climatic parameters, fruit maturity parameters and fruit detachment force (FDF) were recorded along the fruit maturation period. Respectively to the fruit drop, the FDF decreased in Tunisia and in Spain until the fruit falls, whereas in Corsica, it remained relatively constant throughout fruit maturation. Although data on fruit maturity parameters (rind color, acidity and total soluble solids) differed at the three sites, their evolution was similar during the period of maturation. FDF was not related to changes in any fruit maturity parameters, and more likely depended on changes in temperatures on days when the mean temperature was above 13 &deg, C. Massive fruit abscission could be linked to the earlier more rapid restart of vegetative growth in Tunisia and Spain than in Corsica.
Published: 2020
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3. Unprecedented Thiacalixarene Fucoclusters as Strong Inhibitors of Ebola cis-Cell Infection and HCMV-gB Glycoprotein/DC-SIGN C-type Lectin Interaction

Author: Franck Fieschi, Franck Halary, Mohammed Benazza, Peter J. Cragg, Coraline Chéneau, Khouloud Chakroun, Joanna Luczkowiak, Vanessa Porkolab, Rafael Delgado, Rym Abidi, David Lesur, Marwa Taouai, Laboratoire de Glycochimie, des Antimicrobiens et des Agro-ressources - UMR CNRS 7378 (LG2A ), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie structurale (IBS - UMR 5075 ), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie (U1064 Inserm - CRTI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre [Madrid, Spain], Laboratoire d'Application de la Chimie aux Ressources et Substances Naturelles de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, School of Pharmacy & Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K, Institut de transplantation urologie-néphrologie (ITUN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Dendritic cells and immunoregulation in transplantation and immunopathology (Team 1 - U1064 Inserm - CRTI), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)
Subjects: Biomedical Engineering, Pharmaceutical Science, Bioengineering, Receptors, Cell Surface, 02 engineering and technology, Plasma protein binding, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Jurkat cells, Antiviral Agents, Jurkat Cells, Viral Envelope Proteins, C-type lectin, medicine, Humans, Avidity, Lectins, C-Type, Pharmacology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Ebola virus, biology, [SDV.BBM.BS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Structural Biology [q-bio.BM], 010405 organic chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Dendritic cell, Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Virology, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, DC-SIGN, chemistry, biology.protein, Calixarenes, 0210 nano-technology, Glycoprotein, Cell Adhesion Molecules, Biotechnology, Protein Binding
Abstract: International audience; Glycan-protein interactions control numerous biological events from cell-cell recognition and signaling to pathogen host cell attachment for infections. To infect cells, some viruses bind to immune cells with the help of DC-SIGN (dendritic cell [DC]-specific ICAM3-grabbing nonintegrin) C-type lectin expressed on dendritic and macrophage cell membranes, via their envelope protein. Prevention of this infectious interaction is a serious therapeutic option. Here, we describe the synthesis of the first water-soluble tetravalent fucocluster pseudopeptide-based 1,3-alternate thiacalixarenes as viral antigen mimics designed for the inhibition of DC-SIGN, to prevent viral particle uptake. Their preparation exploits straightforward convergent strategies involving one-pot Ugi four-component (Ugi-4CR) and azido-alkyne click chemistry reactions as key steps. Surface plasmon resonance showed strong inhibition of DC-SIGN interaction properties by tetravalent ligands designed with high relative potencies and β avidity factors. All ligands block DC-SIGN active sites at nanomolar IC50 preventing cis-cell infection by Ebola viral particles pseudotyped with EBOV glycoprotein (Zaire species of Ebola virus) on Jurkat cells that express DC-SIGN. In addition, we observed strong inhibition of DC-SIGN/human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-gB recombinant glycoprotein interaction. This finding opens the way to the simple development of new models of water-soluble glycocluster-based thia-calixarenes with wide-ranging antimicrobial activities.
Published: 2019
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4. Origin, diversity and distribution of freshwater epigean amphipods in Maghreb

Author: Sonia Dhaouadi, Ramzi Hadjab, Christophe Piscart, Khaoula Ayati, Hichem Khammar, Ezzeddine Mahmoudi, Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution [Rennes] (ECOBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), University of Carthage (Tunisia), University d'Oum El Bouaghi (Algeria), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut Ecologie et Environnement (INEE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), and Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Amphipoda, Fauna, media_common.quotation_subject, Biodiversity, Distribution (economics), Aquatic Science, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 14. Life underwater, Northern Africa, Endemism, freshwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, biodiversity, biology, Ecology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, biology.organism_classification, Crustacean, Geography, biogeographical distribution, Epigeal, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, business, Diversity (politics)
Abstract: Northern Africa, although one of the world hotpots of biodiversity, is poorly studied and the freshwater fauna living in this part of the world remains partly unknown. This study focused on the diversity and distribution of the poorly known epigean freshwater amphipods. We performed an exhaustive analysis of the literature on this group of crustaceans and sampled 106 additional localities from the eastern part of Algeria and in Tunisia. Our results showed an important diversity with 25 species (including the presence of at least three new undescribed species) and a very high rate of endemism with 52% of species occurring at on only 1 or 2 sites. We also highlighted a very low diversity on each site with only 4.4% of sites harboring more than 1 species. The comparative distribution of certain species between Europe and Maghreb and also between the western and eastern part of Northern Africa allow us to discuss some hypotheses about the factors underlying this endemism and the biogeographical origin of species. However, our study revealed a general lack of knowledge in the region, especially in the South of Morocco and Algeria. Hence, more information would be needed to propose adapted conservation strategies of freshwater fauna in Maghreb.
Published: 2019
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5. Fermentation and alternative respiration compensate for NADH dehydrogenase deficiency in a prokaryotic model of DJ-1-associated Parkinsonism

Author: Gaëlle Lelandais, Julien Dairou, Gilbert Richarme, Mouhad Mihoub, Valérie Gautier, Philippe Bouloc, Ahmed Landoulsi, Nadia Messaoudi, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de génétique et microbiologie [Orsay] (IGM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire - 03/UR/0902, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, EGIDE, and Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
Subjects: Ribosomal Proteins, Alternative respiration, Molecular Sequence Data, Dehydrogenase, Oxidative phosphorylation, Models, Biological, Microbiology, NADH dehydrogenase activity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Parkinsonian Disorders, Escherichia coli, Humans, Glycolysis, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, Escherichia coli Proteins, Gene Expression Profiling, NADH dehydrogenase, NADH Dehydrogenase, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Microarray Analysis, Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, Aerobiosis, Metabolic Flux Analysis, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Biochemistry, Fermentation, biology.protein, Branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: YajL is the closest prokaryotic homologue of Parkinson's disease-associated DJ-1, a protein of undefined function involved in the oxidative stress response. We reported recently that YajL and DJ-1 protect cells against oxidative stress-induced protein aggregation by acting as covalent chaperones for the thiol proteome, including the NuoG subunit of NADH dehydrogenase 1, and that NADH dehydrogenase 1 activity is negligible in the yajL mutant. We report here that this mutant compensates for low NADH dehydrogenase activity by utilizing NADH-independent alternative dehydrogenases, including pyruvate oxidase PoxB and D-amino acid dehydrogenase DadA, and mixed acid aerobic fermentations characterized by acetate, lactate, succinate and ethanol excretion. The yajL mutant has a low adenylate energy charge favouring glycolytic flux, and a high NADH/NAD ratio favouring fermentations over pyruvate dehydrogenase and the Krebs cycle. DNA array analysis showed upregulation of genes involved in glycolytic and pentose phosphate pathways and alternative respiratory pathways. Moreover, the yajL mutant preferentially catabolized pyruvate-forming amino acids over Krebs cycle-related amino acids, and thus the yajL mutant utilizes pyruvate-centred respiro-fermentative metabolism to compensate for the NADH dehydrogenase 1 defect and constitutes an interesting model for studying eukaryotic respiratory complex I deficiencies, especially those associated with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
Published: 2015
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6. The PEG-responding desiccome of the alder microsymbiont Frankia alni

Author: Kais Ghedira, Philippe Normand, Haïtham Sghaier, Emna Harigua-Souiai, Cherif Ben Hamda, Jean Armengaud, Ikram Guizani, Petar Pujic, Sihem Guesmi, Guylaine Miotello, Pascale Fournier, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie Moléculaire et de Pathologie Expérimentale Appliquée aux Maladies Infectieuses (LR11IPT04), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National des Sciences et Technologies Nucléaires [Tunisie] (CNSTN), INAT Laboratoire Recherche-Développement Sciences et Technologie de l'Eau (INAT-LRSTE), Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-INAT, Laboratoire Innovations technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (LI2D), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Biotechnology and Bio-Geo Resources Valorization, Sidi Thabet Technopark (LR11ES31), This work was supported by the Tunisian National Center for Nuclear Sciences and Technology (CNSTN), the Institut Pasteur de Tunis (Tunis) and the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research in Tunisia., Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL), Institut Pasteur de Tunis-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ), Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie Moléculaire et de Pathologie Expérimentale Appliquée aux Maladies Infectieuses ( LR11IPT04 ), Institut Pasteur de Tunis-Université Tunis El Manar ( UTM ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Ecologie microbienne ( EM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon ( ENVL ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -VetAgro Sup ( VAS ), Centre National des Sciences et Technologies Nucléaires [Tunisie] ( CNSTN ), INAT Laboratoire Recherche-Développement Sciences et Technologie de l'Eau ( INAT-LRSTE ), Carthage University-INAT, Laboratoire Innovations technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic ( LI2D ), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse ( SPI ), Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé ( DMTS ), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) ( DRF (CEA) ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) ( DRF (CEA) ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé ( DMTS ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Sidi Thabet Technopark ( LR11ES31 ), Université Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Models, Molecular, Proteomics, [ SDV.BV ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, [ SDV.BV.BOT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, Microorganism, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Frankia, Large-conductance mechanosensitive channel, lcsh:Medicine, Article, Ion Channels, Polyethylene Glycols, 03 medical and health sciences, Symbiosis, Bacterial Proteins, Osmotic Pressure, Stress, Physiological, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, lcsh:Science, 2. Zero hunger, Frankia alni, Multidisciplinary, biology, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Chemistry, lcsh:R, 15. Life on land, [SDV.BV.BOT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology/Botanics, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Biochemistry, Nitrogen fixation, Solvents, lcsh:Q, Actinorhizal plant, Mechanoreceptors, Bacteria
Abstract: International audience; Actinorhizal plants are ecologically and economically important. Symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing bacteria allows these woody dicotyledonous plants to colonise soils under nitrogen deficiency, water-stress or other extreme conditions. However, proteins involved in xerotolerance of symbiotic microorganisms have yet to be identified. Here we characterise the polyethylene glycol (PEG)-responding desiccome from the most geographically widespread Gram-positive nitrogen-fixing plant symbiont, Frankia alni, by next-generation proteomics, taking advantage of a Q-Exactive HF tandem mass spectrometer equipped with an ultra-high-field Orbitrap analyser. A total of 2,052 proteins were detected and quantified. Under osmotic stress, PEG-grown F. alni cells increased the abundance of envelope-associated proteins like ABC transporters, mechano-sensitive ion channels and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats CRISPR-associated (cas) components. Conjointly, dispensable pathways, like nitrogen fixation, aerobic respiration and homologous recombination, were markedly down-regulated. Molecular modelling and docking simulations suggested that the PEG is acting on Frankia partly by filling the inner part of an up-regulated osmotic-stress large conductance mechanosensitive channel. Actinobacteria belonging to the genus Frankia do establish nitrogen-fixing nodular symbiosis with the roots of 23 angiosperm genera that are collectively called " actinorhizals " 1. These plants form root nodules in which Frankia fixes nitrogen, thus permitting them to thrive in pioneer soils poor in nitrogen and organic matter, such as glacial moraines, lava fields, forest burnouts or anthropogenic sites such as mine spoils or hydrodam dykes 2. Frankia establishes a symbiotic association with the roots of several dicotyledonous plants. The different Frankia lineages form a coherent cluster at the root of the aerobic actinobacteria phylum 3 , and F. alni in particular establishes symbiosis with alder (Alnus) and bayberry (Morella) species 4. The interaction has evolved over several million years with a sophisticated dialogue that does not imply acy-lated N-acetyl-glucosamine oligomeric Nod factors 5. The Frankia determinants of symbiosis are still poorly known, which is for the most part due to the lack of a genetic transformation system. Transcriptomics has shown genes coding for nitrogenase (nif), hydrogenase uptake (hup), hopanoids (shc, hpn), iron-sulfur (suf) clusters as among the most up-regulated 6. Proteomics has also been used to analyze the symbiosis 7 to identify up-regulated peptides and it has shown the presence of Nif, Hup, Suf, Hop proteins as expected but also several transporters, regulators and various proteins involved in stress responses.
Published: 2018
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7. Myrtle berry seed aqueous extract inhibits human neutrophil myeloperoxidase in vitro and attenuates acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats

Author: Haifa Tounsi, Abdelaziz Souli, Mohsen Sakly, Mohamed-Amine Jabri, Jamel El-Benna, Karim Hosni, Kais Rtibi, Lamjed Marzouki, Hichem Sebai, Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Université de Jendouba (UJ), Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie Moléculaire et de Pathologie Expérimentale Appliquée aux Maladies Infectieuses (LR11IPT04), Université Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Laboratoire des Substances Naturelles (LR02INRAP10), Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-chimique (Ariana, Tunisie) (INRAP), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Institut Pasteur de Tunis, and Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-chimique [Ariana, Tunisie] (INRAP)
Subjects: chemistry.chemical_classification, Antioxidant, biology, Chemistry, Superoxide, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], General Chemical Engineering, medicine.medical_treatment, Glutathione peroxidase, General Chemistry, Glutathione, Pharmacology, Superoxide dismutase, Lipid peroxidation, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biochemistry, Catalase, Myeloperoxidase, biology.protein, medicine
Abstract: International audience; We aimed in the present study to investigate the protective effect of a myrtle (Myrtus communis L.) berry seed aqueous extract (MBSAE) on acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis in rats as well as the mechanism implicated in this coli-protection. The use of the LC/MS technique allowed us to identify 18 phenolic compounds in the MBSAE. Secondly, we found that the MBSAE inhibited the luminol-amplified chemiluminescence of resting neutrophils and N-formyl-methionylleucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF) or phorbolmyristate acetate (PMA) stimulated neutrophils in a dose-dependent manner. The MBSAE had no effect on superoxide anions, but it inhibited H2O2 production in the cell free system stimulated with horseradish peroxidase (HRPO) and MPO release from the neutrophils. In vivo, the pre-treatment of rats with sulfasalazine (100 mg kg(-1)) and the MBSAE (25, 50, and 100 mg kg(-1)) significantly reduced AA-induced colonic mucosa lesions as well as histopathological changes. The MBSAE counteracted AA-induced lipid peroxidation and the depletion of the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). We also found that the myrtle extract inhibited the increase of the plasma scavenging activity (PSA) and preserved the content of non-enzymatic antioxidants such as sulfhydryl groups (-SH) and reduced glutathione (GSH). More importantly, acetic acid administration increased colonic hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), free iron and calcium levels, while the MBSAE pre-treatment reversed all intracellular mediator perturbations. In conclusion, our data suggests that the MBSAE exerted a potential protective effect against AA-induced injury and oxidative stress in the rat colon. This coli-protection might be related in part to its antioxidant and ROS scavenging activities or by negatively regulating Fenton reaction components such as H2O2 and free iron, which are known to lead to cytotoxicity mediated by intracellular calcium deregulation.
Published: 2015
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8. Unraveling the effects of static magnetic field stress on cytosolic proteins of Salmonella by using a proteomic approach

Author: Alya El May, Emmanuelle Dé, Laurent Coquet, Thierry Jouenne, Philippe Chan, Sarra Snoussi, Ahmed Landoulsi, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire - 03/UR/0902, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Polymères, biopolymères, membranes (PBM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Plate-forme de Protéomique PISSARO, Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine (IRIB), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Polymères Biopolymères Surfaces (PBS), Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Institut Normand de Chimie Moléculaire Médicinale et Macromoléculaire (INC3M), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences appliquées Rouen Normandie (INSA Rouen Normandie), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), and Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Proteomics, 0301 basic medicine, Salmonella, Proteome, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Immunology, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, Bacterial protein, 03 medical and health sciences, Cytosol, Bacterial Proteins, Genetics, medicine, Molecular Biology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Salmonella enterica, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, General Medicine, Peptide Elongation Factors, Magnetostatics, biology.organism_classification, Adaptation, Physiological, Magnetic Fields, 030104 developmental biology, Biochemistry, Energy Metabolism, Metabolic Networks and Pathways, Molecular Chaperones
Abstract: The present study investigated the adaptation of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Hadar to static magnetic field (SMF) exposure (200 mT, 9 h). The proteomic analysis provides an overview of potentially important cytosolic proteins that Salmonella needs to regulate to survive and adapt to magnetic stress. Via 2-dimensional electrophoresis and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, we compared cytosolic proteomes before and after exposure to magnetic field. A total of 35 proteins displaying more than a 2-fold change were differentially expressed in exposed cells, among which 25 were upregulated and 10 were downregulated. These proteins can be classified mainly into 6 categories: (i) proteins involved in metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, (ii) chaperones and proteins produced in response to oxidative stress, (iii) proteins involved in energy homeostasis, (iv) elongation factors (EF-Tu and EF-Ts), (v) proteins involved in motility, and (vi) proteins involved in molecules transport. Many of the presented observations could be explained, while some represent still-unknown mechanisms. In addition, this study reveals 5 hypothetical proteins. It seems that the stress response to SMF (200 mT) is essentially set up to avoid oxidative damages, with the overexpression of proteins directly involved in oxidative stress response and metabolic switches to counteract oxidative stress. Interestingly, several proteins induced under SMF exposure are found to overlap with those induced by other stresses, such as heat shock and starvation.
Published: 2016
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9. Occurrence of Brown Ring Disease in Carpet Shell ClamsRuditapes decussatusfrom the Gulf of Gabes (Tunisia, Central Mediterranean Sea)

Author: I. Boukef, Monia El Bour, Mohamed Dellali, John D. Klena, Hedia Attia El Hili, Radhia Mraouna, Christine Paillard, Fatma Lakhal, Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô] (INSTM), Laboratoire d'Ecologie et de Bio-surveillance Côtière, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement Marin (LEMAR) (LEMAR), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Institut Universitaire Européen de la Mer (IUEM), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), US Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, animal structures, shell disease, clams, Zoology, Ruditapes, Aquatic Science, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Ruditapes decussatus, Mediterranean sea, Infestation, prevalence: Vibrio, medicine, 14. Life underwater, biology, Conchiolin, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, temperature, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, Vibrio, Vibrio tapetis, Fishery, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040102 fisheries, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
Abstract: International audience; The occurrence and spread of brown ring disease (BRD) to several northern Mediterranean coasts is described. We report the results of a 6-y surveillance of BRD in natural populations of carpet shell clams (Ruditapes decussatus) in 14 zones along the Gulf of Gabes in Tunisia (southern Mediterranean Sea). BRD symptoms in adult animals resulting from conchiolin deposits in inner parts of carpet shell were observed in all zones surveyed. Infestation rates within each site ranged from 65-100%, and BRD prevalence varied from 1-58% of clams in winter and from 1-33% in summer. Positive correlations were demonstrated between BRD prevalence and Vibrio spp. concentrations in clams. Vibrio tapetis was not identified among the bacterial organisms, suggesting that other marine Vibrio species are capable of causing BRD-like illness in carpet shell clams.
Published: 2011
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10. Effects of static magnetic field and cadmium on oxidative stress and DNA damage in rat cortex brain and hippocampus

Author: Alain Favier, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Salem Amara, Thierry Douki, Mohsen Sakly, Catherine Garrel, Khémais Ben Rhouma, Douki, Thierry, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques (LAN), Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique (SCIB - UMR E3), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Interface Biologie pour l’Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST ), SYstèmes Moléculaires et nanoMatériaux pour l’Energie et la Santé (SYMMES), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Biochimie Hormonale et Nutritionnelle, Biologie-Toxicologie-pharmacologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)
Subjects: Male, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Hippocampus, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Antioxidants, chemistry.chemical_compound, Risk Factors, Malondialdehyde, Cortex (anatomy), Cerebral Cortex, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, Chemistry, Glutathione peroxidase, Catalase, Glutathione, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Biochemistry, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Cadmium, medicine.medical_specialty, [CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, DNA damage, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, Electromagnetic Fields, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Rats, Wistar, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Glutathione Peroxidase, Superoxide Dismutase, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Rats, Oxidative Stress, Endocrinology, biology.protein, Oxidative stress, DNA Damage
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of co-exposure to static magnetic field (SMF) and cadmium (Cd) on the antioxidant enzymes activity and DNA integrity in rat brain. Sub-chronic exposure to CdCl (CdCl2, 40 mg/L, per os) for 30 days resulted in a significant reduction in antioxidant enzyme activity such as the glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in frontal cortex and hippocampus. Total GSH were decreased in the frontal cortex of the Cd-exposed group. Cd exposure induced an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in the frontal cortex and hippocampus. Moreover, the same exposure increased 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2-desoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo) level in rat brain. Interestingly, the combined effect of SMF (128 mT, 1 hour/day for 30 consecutive days) and CdCl (40 mg/L, per os) decreased the SOD activity and glutathione level in frontal cortex as compared with the Cd group. Moreover, the association between SMF and Cd increased MDA concentration in frontal cortex as compared with Cd-exposed rats. DNA analysis revealed that SMF exposure failed to alter 8-oxodGuo concentration in Cd-exposed rats. Our data showed that Cd exposure altered the antioxidant enzymes activity and induced oxidative DNA lesions in rat brain. The combined effect of SMF and Cd increased oxidative damage in rat brain as compared with Cd-exposed rats.
Published: 2010
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11. Influence of Static Magnetic Field on Cadmium Toxicity: Study of Oxidative Stress and DNA Damage in Pregnant Rat Tissues

Author: Sihem Chater, Alain Favier, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Thierry Douki, Mohsen Sakly, Cathrine Garrel, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques (LAN), Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique (SCIB - UMR E3), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Interface Biologie pour l’Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST ), SYstèmes Moléculaires et nanoMatériaux pour l’Energie et la Santé (SYMMES), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Biochimie Hormonale et Nutritionnelle, Biologie-Toxicologie-pharmacologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), and Douki, Thierry
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Antioxidant, DNA damage, medicine.medical_treatment, 030303 biophysics, Biophysics, Medicine (miscellaneous), chemistry.chemical_element, Kidney, medicine.disease_cause, Antioxidants, Superoxide dismutase, Magnetics, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Pregnancy, Malondialdehyde, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Cadmium, biology, General Medicine, Glutathione, Rats, 3. Good health, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Oxidative Stress, Endocrinology, Liver, chemistry, Biochemistry, Catalase, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Carcinogens, biology.protein, Female, Oxidative stress, DNA Damage
Abstract: In our environment, we have numerous chances to be exposed to not only static magnetic fields (SMFs) but also many chemicals containing mutagens. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of co-exposure to SMF and cadmium (Cd) on the antioxidant enzymes activity and DNA damage in pregnant rat tissues. Pregnant rats were treated with cadmium (CdCl(2), 3.0 mg/Kg body weight) or exposed to SMF (128 mT/h/day) and treated with cadmium chlorides (3.0 mg/kg, body weight) for 13 consecutive days as from the 6th to 19th day of gestation. Cd treatment increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-oxodGuo levels in kidney of pregnant rats. However, the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione level were decreased in kidney. Interestingly, the combined effects of SMF and Cd have no effects on activities of antioxidant in both tissues compared to cadmium treated group. However, the association between SMF and Cd decreased plasma MDA concentration. The same treatment failed to alter 8-oxodGuo concentration. Sub-acute Cd treatment altered antioxidant enzymes and DNA in kidney of pregnant rats. The results suggest that a homeostatic defence mechanism was activated when SMF was associated to Cd in pregnant rats.
Published: 2008
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12. Ameliorative and antioxidant effects of myrtle berry seed (Myrtus communis) extract during reflux-induced esophagitis in rats

Author: Hichem Sebai, Kais Rtibi, Haifa Tounsi, Mohamed-Amine Jabri, Lamjed Marzouki, Mohsen Sakly, Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire de Physiologie Fonctionnelle et Valorisation des Bio-Ressources [Béja, Tunisie], Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Béja [Tunisia] (ISBB), Université de Jendouba (UJ)-Université de Jendouba (UJ), Laboratoire d’Anatomie Pathologique Humaine et Expérimentale, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Financial support of the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research is gratefully acknowledged, and Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Antioxidant, medicine.medical_treatment, Pharmaceutical Science, Berry, phenolic compounds, Lipid peroxidation, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Drug Discovery, medicine, Medicinal plants, Pharmacology, Myrtus communis, biology, Traditional medicine, Chemistry, Myrtaceae, lipid peroxidation, General Medicine, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Complementary and alternative medicine, Phytochemical, Biochemistry, free iron, Polyphenol, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Molecular Medicine, Calcium, medicinal plants
Abstract: International audience; Context Myrtle, Myrtus communis L. (Myrtaceae), is a medicinal plant well known for its richness in phenolic compounds and its beneficial effects for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.Objective In the present work, the protective effect of the myrtle berry seed aqueous extract (MBSAE) against esophageal reflux (ER)-induced damage in esophagus mucosa as well as the mechanisms implicated was determined.Materials and methods In this respect, adult male Wistar rats were used and divided into seven groups: Control, ER, ER+various doses of MBSAE, ER+famotidine or ER+gallic acid. The ER was induced and animals were per orally (p.o.) treated with MBSAE or reference molecules during 6h. The phytochemical screening was determined using colourimetric analysis.Results MBSAE is rich in total polyphenols and anthocyanins and exhibited an important in vitro antioxidant activity. In vivo, we firstly found that ER led to marked macroscopic and histopathological changes in esophagus. The results showed, also, that the ER was accompanied by a state of oxidative stress as assessed by an increase of lipid peroxidation, a decrease of the sulphhydryl groups and glutathione levels, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities depletion. MBSAE abrogated all morphological, histopathological and biochemical alterations. We showed also that ER increased esophageal calcium, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and free iron levels while MBSAE treatment protected against intracellular mediators deregulation.Conclusion Our data suggest that MBSAE exerted a potential protective effect against ER-induced damage in rat esophagus, at least in part, due to its antioxidant properties.
Published: 2016
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13. Steroid modulation of neurogenesis: Focus on radial glial cells in zebrafish

Author: Joel Cano Nicolau, Elisabeth Pellegrini, Ahmed Nasri, Rita Pérez Maria, Marie-Madeleine Gueguen, Olivier Kah, Colette Vaillant-Capitaine, Nicolas Diotel, Jonchère, Laurent, Contaminants Ecosystèmes et Santé - Effet neuroendocrines de perturbateurs endocriniens, xénoestrogènes et dioxines, sur les circuits centraux de contrôle de la reproduction, notamment les systèmes GnRH - - NEED2008 - ANR-08-CESA-0011 - CES - VALID, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Diabète athérothrombose et thérapies Réunion Océan Indien (DéTROI), Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratorio de Ictiología, Instituto Nacional de Limnología [Santa Fe] (INALI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Litoral [Santa Fe] (UNL)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Litoral [Santa Fe] (UNL), Laboratoire de Biosurveillance de l'Environnement (LBE), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, The ANR PROOF (CES-2008-11), the Post-Grenelle grant NEMO and the TC2N Program supported this research., ANR-08-CESA-0011,NEED,Effet neuroendocrines de perturbateurs endocriniens, xénoestrogènes et dioxines, sur les circuits centraux de contrôle de la reproduction, notamment les systèmes GnRH(2008), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de La Réunion (UR)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Neurogenesis, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Clinical Biochemistry, Biology, Endocrine Disruptors, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Endocrinology, Aromatase, Internal medicine, biology.animal, medicine, Animals, Progenitor cell, Molecular Biology, Zebrafish, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Progenitor, Neurotransmitter Agents, Estradiol, Stem Cells, Brain, Vertebrate, Estrogens, Cell Biology, Zebrafish Proteins, biology.organism_classification, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], 030104 developmental biology, Radial glial progenitor cells, biology.protein, Molecular Medicine, Neuroglia, Neuroscience, Neurosteroids, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Hormone, Adult stem cell
Abstract: Estrogens are known as steroid hormones affecting the brain in many different ways and a wealth of data now document effects on neurogenesis. Estrogens are provided by the periphery but can also be locally produced within the brain itself due to local aromatization of circulating androgens. Adult neurogenesis is described in all vertebrate species examined so far, but comparative investigations have brought to light differences between vertebrate groups. In teleost fishes, the neurogenic activity is spectacular and adult stem cells maintain their mitogenic activity in many proliferative areas within the brain. Fish are also quite unique because brain aromatase expression is limited to radial glia cells, the progenitor cells of adult fish brain. The zebrafish has emerged as an interesting vertebrate model to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of adult neurogenesis, and notably its modulation by steroids. The main objective of this review is to summarize data related to the functional link between estrogens production in the brain and neurogenesis in fish. First, we will demonstrate that the brain of zebrafish is an endogenous source of steroids and is directly targeted by local and/or peripheral steroids. Then, we will present data demonstrating the progenitor nature of radial glial cells in the brain of adult fish. Next, we will emphasize the role of estrogens in constitutive neurogenesis and its potential contribution to the regenerative neurogenesis. Finally, the negative impacts on neurogenesis of synthetic hormones used in contraceptive pills production and released in the aquatic environment will be discussed.
Published: 2016
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14. Jurassic radiolarian-bearing series of Tunisia: biostratigraphy and significance to western Tethys correlations

Author: Mohamed Soussi, Houaïda Sallouhi, Kamel Maâlaoui, Fabrice Cordey, Amara Masrouhi, Mabrouk Boughdiri, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Département des sciences de la Terre, Département de Géologie [Gabès], Université de Gabès, Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Département des Sciences de la Terre, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte - Tunisie, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, and Université Tunis El Manar (UTM)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Tunisia, Trough (geology), palaeogeography, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Biozone, Jurassic, Biostratigraphy, Structural basin, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, paleogeography, Nappe, Paleontology, Palaeogeography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Flysch, biology, radiolaria, Geology, biology.organism_classification, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Maghrebides, biostratigraphy, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, radiolarites, Radiolaria
Abstract: International audience; Since the 1970s, radiolarians have been used extensively to study and characterize basin successions from the peri-Mediterranean regions. However, no data was ever produced in Tunisia in spite of the occurrence of Jurassic siliceous series previously described by many authors. Our study presents the biostratigraphical results obtained on sections from the Jédidi Formation, which characterizes the basinal series of the Tunisian Trough. We provide new direct age determinations from the base, the middle part and the top of the formation, which ranges from the latest Bajocian–middle Bathonian to the Oxfordian (Tethyan biozones UAZ 5-6 to 8-9). The onset of these radiolarianbearing series of the Tunisian Trough, adjacent to partly coeval Ammonitico Rosso successions, is interpreted as resulting from regional palaeotopographical gradient and palaeoceanographical conditions. Inaccurately interpreted as “true” radiolarites, theses series are different from coeval radiolarites of the Maghrebian “Dorsale calcaire” and from more recent homologous deposits of the Flysch domain. They are instead correlative with series exposed in the Babors and the west-Numidian ranges of northern Algeria that belonged to the same Jurassic North African margin of western Tethys. During Alpine convergence s.l., this external domain was overthrust by nappe complexes of the Maghrebide inner zones and the Flysch domain units.
Published: 2007
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15. Effect of environmental conditions on chemical polymorphism and biological activities among Artemisia absinthium L. essential oil provenances grown in Tunisia

Author: Nejia Zoghlami, Leila Riahi, Hnya Chograni, Besma Ayari, Chedia Aouadhi, Imen Klay, Ameur Cherif, Hanene Ghazghazi, Laboratoire de Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cédria (Hammam-Lif, Tunisie), Biotechnologie et Valorisation des Bio-Géo Ressources, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet (ISBST), Université de la Manouba [Tunisie] (UMA)-Université de la Manouba [Tunisie] (UMA), Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-Pastorales de Tabarka, Institut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka, Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire d’Epidémiologie et de Microbiologie Vétérinaire (LR11IPT03), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Natl Inst Appl Sci & Technol, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Applied Science and Technology, and The authors are grateful to the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Information and Communication Technologies for financial support
Subjects: Tunisia, Chemotype, DPPH, Chamazulene, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biological activities, Biology, Arid, Artemisia absinthium L, humanities, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Camphor, chemistry, Linalool, 13. Climate action, law, Essential oils, [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies, Botany, Environmental factors, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Artemisia absinthium, Agronomy and Crop Science, Essential oil
Abstract: International audience; Variation on yields, chemical composition and biological activities of essential oils of Artemisia absinthium L. collected from four different bioclimatic areas ranging from Humid to Arid stage of Tunisia was investigated. The observed yields of essential oils increase significantly from arid to humid climate. A significant qualitative and quantitative variation of the chemical composition according to the studied localities was revealed. Plants collected from the Inferior Arid bioclimatic region (Gafsa) presented chamazulene, a-thujone and camphor as the main components of their essential oils. However, for Superior Arid (Kasserine) and Semi Arid (El Kef) bioclimatic regions, camphor and chamazulene are the dominant constituents followed by linalool for Kasserine and bornyl acetate for El Kef originated oils. The Humid bioclimatic zone (Ghar Dimaou) showed different chemotype and presented camphor, (Z)-sabinene hydrate and 1-terpinen-4-ol as the major compounds. Based on the two DPPH and ABTS tests, the investigated oils highlighted important in vitro antioxidant capacities which increase significantly from the humid (Ghar Dimaou) to the Inferior Arid bioclimatic zone (Gasfa). Even the investigated essential oils displayed an antimicrobial activity against all the tested bacterial and fungal strains with variable degrees, our findings did not reveal a clear correlation between the antimicrobial properties and the studied bioclimatic zones. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2015
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16. Adaptation of Medicago sativa cv. Gabès to long‐term NaCl stress

Author: Néziha Boughanmi, Doraïd Daghfous, Philippe Michonneau, Pierrette Fleurat-Lessard, Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Transport des assimilats (TA), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biochimie, and Université de Tunis
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Perennial plant, Soil Science, Plant Science, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, salinity, Superoxide dismutase, Lipid peroxidation, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Botany, medicine, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, detoxification, Medicago sativa, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, Chemistry, Alfalfa, Environmental factor, food and beverages, 15. Life on land, APX, Horticulture, Catalase, biology.protein, SIMS, 010606 plant biology & botany, Peroxidase
Abstract: The perennial Medicago sativa cv. Gabes is widely grown on saline soils in Tunisian oases. The mechanisms by which this NaCl-tolerant cultivar maintains a positive growth balance were analyzed. In this plant of considerable agronomic interest, biochemical analyses were conducted in order to study the effects of salinity on mature leaves. Free-radical detoxification mechanisms and changes induced by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to the NaCl stress were compared between the upper (young) and lower (old) carbohydrate source leaves. Long-term NaCl (150 mM) treatment significantly reduced the size of source leaves supporting growth. Salinity damage was greater in the lower than in the upper leaves. This damage was associated with a high Na+ : K+ ratio and a decrease in the activity of H2O2-scavenging enzymes, leading to lipid peroxidation. In lower source leaves that were mainly affected by ionic stress, superoxide dismutase (SOD) was overexpressed and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activity increased. In contrast, in upper source leaves that were mainly exposed to water deficit, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities increased whereas GPX activity was unchanged. The upper source leaves maintained adequate ionic and water status and an efficient ROS detoxification, allowing sinks to be supplied with photoassimilates and maintaining a positive growth balance in this cultivar of alfalfa. Anpassung von Medicago sativa cv. Gabes an Langzeit-Salzstress Die perennierende Art Medicago sativa, Sorte “Gabes“, wird verbreitet auf Salzboden in tunesischen Oasen angebaut. Die Mechanismen, die eine positive Wachstumsbilanz in dieser NaCl-toleranten Luzernensorte gewahrleisten, wurden untersucht. In dieser agronomisch auserordentlich wichtigen Pflanze wurden biochemische Analysen durchgefuhrt, um Salzeffekte auf ausgewachsene Blatter zu bestimmen. Die Mechanismen zur Entgiftung freier Radikale (ROS) und die durch die ROS verursachten Veranderungen wurden in jungen und alten “Source“-Blattern vergleichend unter Salzstressbedingungen untersucht. Eine andauernde Behandlung mit NaCl (150 mM) fuhrte zu einer signifikanten Reduzierung der Blattflache, wobei diese Abnahme deutlicher an den alteren unteren als an den oberen jungeren Blattern war. Sie ging einher mit einem hohen Na+:K+-Verhaltnis und einer Abnahme der Aktivitat der H2O2-abbauenden Enzyme, was zu einer Peroxidation von Lipiden fuhrte. Besonders in den unteren “Source“-Blattern fuhrte der Ionenstress zu einer Uberexprimierung der Superoxid-Dismutase (SOD) und einer Zunahme der Guaiakol- Peroxidaseaktivitat (GPX). Demgegenuber nahmen in den oberen “Source“-Blattern, die starkem Wasserdefizit ausgesetzt waren, die Aktivitaten von Katalase und Ascorbat-Peroxidase (APX) zu, wahrend die GPX-Aktivitat unverandert blieb. Die oberen “Source“-Blatter waren in der Lage, einen adaquaten Ionen- und Wasserzustand mit Hilfe einer effizienten ROS-Entgiftung aufrechtzuerhalten, und somit einen Ruckgang der Bereitstellung von Photoassimilaten zu kompensieren. Dadurch wurde eine positive Wachstumsbilanz in dieser Luzernensorte unter Salinitat gewahrleistet.
Published: 2005
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17. Structural changes induced by NaCl in companion and transfer cells of Medicago sativa blades

Author: F. Piton, M.-C. Verdus, Néziha Boughanmi, E. Ferjani, Pierrette Fleurat-Lessard, E. Bizid, Philippe Michonneau, Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Transport des assimilats (TA), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Glycobiologie et transports chez les végétaux (GTCV), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Membranes Biologiques, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Végétales, Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), and Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Plant Science, Sodium Chloride, Phloem, Biology, Plant Roots, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Leaf vein, NaCl, Cell Wall, Botany, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Medicago sativa, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Chlorosis, Plant Stems, fungi, food and beverages, Transfer cell, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Meristem, Plant Leaves, Salinity, Horticulture, Shoot, Potassium, Ultrastructure, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Medicago sativa var. Gabes is a perennial glycophyte that develops new shoots even in high salinity (150 mM NaCl). In the upper exporting leaves, K(+) is high and Na(+) is low by comparison with the lower leaves, where Na(+) accumulation induces chlorosis after 4 weeks of NaCl treatment. By secondary ion mass spectroscopy, a low Na(+)/K(+) ratio was detected in the phloem complex of blade veins in these lower leaves. By transmission electron microscopy, the ultrastructural features were observed in the phloem complex. In the upper leaves of both control and NaCl-treated plants, companion cells in minor veins were found to be transfer cells. These cells may well be involved in the intravenous recycling of ions and in Na(+) flowing out of exporting leaves. Under the effect of NaCl, companion cells in the main veins develop transfer cell features, which may favor the rate of assimilate transport from exporting leaves toward meristems, allowing the positive balance necessary for the survival in salt conditions. These features no longer assist the lower leaves when transfer cells are necrotized in both minor and main veins of NaCl-treated plants. As transfer cells are the only degenerating phloem constituent, our observations emphasize their role in controlling nutrient (in particular, Na(+)) fluxes associated with the stress response.
Published: 2003
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18. Roots of the xerophyte Panicum turgidum host a cohort of ionizing-radiation-resistant biotechnologically-valuable bacteria

Author: Haïtham Sghaier, Rania Ouertani, Sihem Guesmi, Afef Najjari, Kais Ghedira, Ameur Cherif, Marwa Jabberi, Philippe Normand, Petar Pujic, National Institute of Agronomy, Tunis,Tunisia, Centre National des Sciences et Technologies Nucléaires [Tunisie] (CNSTN), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Microbienne - UMR 5557 (LEM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon (ENVL)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Université de la Manouba [Tunisie] (UMA), and Université de Carthage - University of Carthage
Subjects: QH301-705.5, Panicum turgidum, Metataxonomic, Radioresistant, Biology, Dessiccation, Ionizing radiation, 03 medical and health sciences, Xerophyte, métataxonomique, Botany, Desiccation, Biology (General), Radiorésistant, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Profils métaboliques, 030306 microbiology, Host (biology), Approche culturelle, Culture approach, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Panicum turgide, Metabolic profiles, Cohort, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Bacteria
Abstract: International audience; Les communautés bactériennes associées aux racines dePanicum turgide, exposés à des conditions arides, ont été investis-associée à une combinaison d'approches culturelles et métataxonomiques. Technologie traditionnelle basée sur la culture-ont été utilisées et 32 isolats de racines irradiées ont été identifiés comme appartenant àActinobactéries, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes et Proteobacteria embranchements. Quatre souches actinobactériennes ont étéRésistant aux rayonnements ionisants (IR) :Microbactériesp. PT8 (4,8 kGy (kGy)),Microcoquesp.PT11 (4,4 kGy),Kocuria rhizophilaPT10 (2,9 kGy) etPromicromonospora paniciPT9T(2,6 kGy), basésur le Ddixdose nécessaire pour une réduction de 90 % des unités formant colonies (UFC). Concernant l'enquêtedes communautés microbiennesin situ, analyses métataxonomiques de la diversité des microorganismes résistants aux IRassociée aux racines irradiées a révélé une dominance marquée des Actinobactéries (46,6%) etProtéobactéries (31,5%) par rapport aux Bacteroidetes (4,6%) et Firmicutes (3,2%). Irradiation gamma nonn'ont fait que modifier la structure des communautés bactériennes, mais ont également affecté leurs propriétés fonctionnelles.Des analyses comparatives des profils métaboliques ont indiqué l'induction de plusieurs voies liées à l'adaptation.au stress oxydatif dans les racines irradiées, comme la réparation de l'ADN, la synthèse de métabolites secondaires, la réactionenzymes atténuant les espèces oxygénées (ROS),etc. P. turgidumest emblématique des plantes adaptées au désert.Jusqu'à présent, aucun autre travail n'a porté sur le profil microbien des racines irradiées de cexérophyte.
Published: 2022
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19. Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide Reverses Ammonium Metavanadate-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness in Rats

Author: Sonia Rouatbi, David Vaudry, Badreddine Sriha, Khémais Ben Rhouma, Olivier Wurtz, Mounira Tlili, Olfa Tebourbi, Mohsen Sakly, Laboratoire d'Informatique, de Parallélisme et de Productique (LIP2), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)-Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Université de Sousse, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Physiologie Intégrée, Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, International Associated laboratory Samuel de Champlain, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique [Québec] (INRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine (DC2N), and Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN)
Subjects: Male, Aging, Chemokine, MESH: Macrophages, Alveolar, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Chemokine CXCL2, Environmental pollution, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, [SDV.IMM.II]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Innate immunity, chemistry.chemical_compound, MESH: Aerosols, Interleukin-1alpha, MESH: Animals, Respiratory system, MESH: Interleukin-1alpha, Lung, Chemokine CCL3, MESH: Oxidative Stress, biology, Chemistry, lcsh:Cytology, MESH: Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, General Medicine, MESH: Administration, Inhalation, 3. Good health, MESH: Respiratory Hypersensitivity, [SDV.IMM.IA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology/Adaptive immunology, Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Research Article, medicine.medical_specialty, Article Subject, MESH: Rats, Adenylate kinase, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Proinflammatory cytokine, Ammonium metavanadate, Internal medicine, Administration, Inhalation, Macrophages, Alveolar, medicine, Respiratory Hypersensitivity, MESH: Chemokine CXCL2, Animals, MESH: Lung, MESH: Chemokine CCL3, lcsh:QH573-671, Rats, Wistar, Aerosols, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, MESH: Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide, Cell Biology, MESH: Rats, Wistar, MESH: Male, Rats, Oxidative Stress, Endocrinology, MESH: Vanadates, 13. Climate action, MESH: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, biology.protein, Vanadates, Oxidative stress
Abstract: The rate of atmospheric vanadium is constantly increasing due to fossil fuel combustion. This environmental pollution favours vanadium exposure in particular to its vanadate form, causing occupational bronchial asthma and bronchitis. Based on the well admitted bronchodilator properties of the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), we investigated the ability of this neuropeptide to reverse the vanadate-induced airway hyperresponsiveness in rats. Exposure to ammonium metavanadate aerosols (5 mg/m3/h) for 15 minutes induced 4 hours later an array of pathophysiological events, including increase of bronchial resistance and histological alterations, activation of proinflammatory alveolar macrophages, and increased oxidative stress status. Powerfully, PACAP inhalation (0.1 mM) for 10 minutes alleviated many of these deleterious effects as demonstrated by a decrease of bronchial resistance and histological restoration. PACAP reduced the level of expression of mRNA encoding inflammatory chemokines (MIP-1α, MIP-2, and KC) and cytokines (IL-1αand TNF-α) in alveolar macrophages and improved the antioxidant status. PACAP reverses the vanadate-induced airway hyperresponsiveness not only through its bronchodilator activity but also by counteracting the proinflammatory and prooxidative effects of the metal. Then, the development of stable analogs of PACAP could represent a promising therapeutic alternative for the treatment of inflammatory respiratory disorders.
Published: 2014
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20. Bis(1-methylpiperazine-1,4-diium) di-μ-bromido-bis[tetrabromidobismuthate(III)] dihydrate

Author: Manel Essid, Houda Marouani, Thierry Roisnel, LSSMI, Departement de Chimie, Faculte des Sciences de Bizerte, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Cyclohexane conformation, Salt (chemistry), 010402 general chemistry, 010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry, Bioinformatics, Ring (chemistry), 01 natural sciences, Medicinal chemistry, Crystal, lcsh:Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, General Materials Science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Metal-Organic Papers, chemistry.chemical_classification, biology, Hydrogen bond, General Chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, Piperazine, chemistry, lcsh:QD1-999, Tetra, Methyl group
Abstract: In the title hydrated salt, (C5H14N2)2[Bi2Br10]·2H2O, the complete [Bi2Br10]4−bioctahedron is generated by crystallographic inversion symmetry. The diprotonated piperazine ring adopts a chair conformation, with the methyl group occupying an equatorial position. In the crystal, the tetraanions and water molecules are linked by O—H...Br and O—H...(Br,Br) hydrogen bonds to generate [100] chains. The chains are crosslinked by N—H...Br, N—H...O and C—H...Br hydrogen bonds originating from the piperazinediium dications, thereby forming a three-dimensional network.
Published: 2014
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21. Phytochemistry, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Mentha rotundifolia L. in Tunisia

Author: Sana Ziadi, Jed Jebali, Hanene Ghazghazi, Myriam Elferchichi, Yosr Zaouali, Hnia Chograni, Ahmed Mliki, Chedia Aouadhi, Nejia Zoghlami, Leila Riahi, Laboratoire de Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cédria (Hammam-Lif, Tunisie), Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire des Ressources Sylvo-Pastorales de Tabarka, Institut Sylvo-Pastoral de Tabarka, Laboratoire des Venins et Biomolécules Thérapeutiques - Laboratory of Venoms and Therapeutic Biomolecules (LR11IPT08), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Laboratoire d’Epidémiologie et de Microbiologie Vétérinaire (LR11IPT03), and National Institute of Applied Science and Technology
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Antioxidant, Phytochemistry, Carveol, Tunisia, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biology, Antimicrobial activity, Chemotype, 01 natural sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Antioxidant activity, Botany, medicine, Food science, Mentha rotundifolia L, Antimicrobial, biology.organism_classification, 0104 chemical sciences, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Essential oils, Composition (visual arts), Pulegone, Agronomy and Crop Science, Bacteria, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; The present study is the first investigation of the chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Mentha rotundifolia L essential oils in Tunisia. Results show that essential oils from Beja locality were most complex and present 45 compounds representing 96.83% of the total oil composition. The major components of the studied oils in this site are beta-Caryophyllene (26.67%), Germacrene D (12.31%) and Carveol (7.38%). 40 components representing 95.81% of the total oil were identified in Bizerte site. Those essential oils are dominated by Pulegone (32.09%), Piperitenone oxide (17.28%) and 5-Acetyl Thiazole (11.26%). Considerable levels of antioxidant activities of the investigated essential oils were highlighted. Variations in antioxidant activities may be attributed to the concentrations of major components and the presence of some phenolic compounds like Diosphenol and 2-Allyl-4-methylphenol. Our results showed strong activities of the investigated oils against all tested microorganisms. The highest antimicrobial activities were observed against Gram+ bacteria followed by Gram- ones then fungal species. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2013
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22. Global stress response in a prokaryotic model of DJ-1-associated Parkinsonism

Author: Kazuyuki Tao, Mouadh Mihoub, Philippe Bouloc, Gilbert Richarme, Danièle Joseleau-Petit, Chantal Bohn, Gaëlle Lelandais, Leah Tolosa, Ahmed Landoulsi, Valérie Gautier, Nadia Messaoudi, Govind Rao, Teresa Caldas, Fatoum Kthiri, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire - 03/UR/0902, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Institut de génétique et microbiologie [Orsay] (IGM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, University of Maryland [Baltimore County] (UMBC), University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System-Center for Advanced Technology, Radioisotope Center, The University of Tokyo, program grant PHC-Utique 10G0803, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, EMBO short-term fellowship, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, and The University of Tokyo (UTokyo)
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, Ribosomal Proteins, DNA Repair, Iron, Protein Deglycase DJ-1, Protein aggregation, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Parkinsonian Disorders, Sigma factor, Heat shock protein, Escherichia coli, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology, Gene, Heat-Shock Proteins, 030304 developmental biology, Oncogene Proteins, 0303 health sciences, biology, Escherichia coli Proteins, Gene Expression Profiling, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Articles, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Oxidative Stress, Biochemistry, Chaperone (protein), Mutation, biology.protein, Thioredoxin, Chemical chaperone, Oxidation-Reduction, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Molecular Chaperones
Abstract: International audience; YajL is the most closely related Escherichia coli homolog of Parkinsonism-associated protein DJ-1, a protein with a yet-undefined function in the oxidative-stress response. YajL protects cells against oxidative-stress-induced protein aggregation and functions as a covalent chaperone for the thiol proteome, including FeS proteins. To clarify the cellular responses to YajL deficiency, transcriptional profiling of the yajL mutant was performed. Compared to the parental strain, the yajL mutant overexpressed genes coding for chaperones, proteases, chemical chaperone transporters, superoxide dismutases, catalases, peroxidases, components of thioredoxin and glutaredoxin systems, iron transporters, ferritins and FeS cluster biogenesis enzymes, DNA repair proteins, RNA chaperones, and small regulatory RNAs. It also overexpressed the RNA polymerase stress sigma factors sigma S (multiple stresses) and sigma 32 (protein stress) and activated the OxyR and SoxRS oxidative-stress transcriptional regulators, which together trigger the global stress response. The yajL mutant also overexpressed genes involved in septation and adopted a shorter and rounder shape characteristic of stressed bacteria. Biochemical experiments showed that this upregulation of many stress genes resulted in increased expression of stress proteins and improved biochemical function. Thus, protein defects resulting from the yajL mutation trigger the onset of a robust and global stress response in a prokaryotic model of DJ-1-associated Parkinsonism.
Published: 2013
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23. YajL, the prokaryotic homolog of the Parkinsonism-associated protein DJ-1, protects cells against protein sulfenylation

Author: Gilbert Richarme, Valérie Gautier, Ahmed Landoulsi, Nadia Messaoudi, Teresa Caldas, Fatoum Kthiri, Hai-Tuong Le, Abderrahim Malki, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire - 03/UR/0902, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, program PHC-Utique (10G0803), and Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
Subjects: Protein Deglycase DJ-1, MESH: Escherichia coli Proteins, Plasma protein binding, Protein oxidation, Sulfenic Acids, chemistry.chemical_compound, Structural Biology, oxidative stress, MESH: Animals, Disulfides, Bovine serum albumin, Oncogene Proteins, covalent chaperone, 0303 health sciences, biology, MESH: Escherichia coli, MESH: Protein Multimerization, Escherichia coli Proteins, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, MESH: Ribosomal Proteins, MESH: Cattle, Biochemistry, redox state, mixed disulfides, Protein Binding, Ribosomal Proteins, Protein DJ-1, Serum albumin, MESH: Serum Albumin, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Oncogene Proteins, Dihydrolipoic acid, MESH: Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Escherichia coli, Animals, Humans, MESH: Protein Binding, protein oxidation, MESH: Disulfides, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology, Serum Albumin, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Humans, MESH: Sulfenic Acids, chemistry, MESH: Protein Processing, Post-Translational, biology.protein, Cattle, Sulfenic acid, Protein Multimerization, Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Abstract: International audience; YajL is the closest Escherichia coli homolog of the Parkinsonism-associated protein DJ-1, a multifunctional oxidative stress response protein whose biochemical function remains unclear. We recently described the oxidative-stress-dependent aggregation of proteins in yajL mutants and the oxidative-stress-dependent formation of mixed disulfides between YajL and members of the thiol proteome. We report here that yajL mutants display increased protein sulfenic acids levels and that formation of mixed disulfides between YajL and its protein substrates in vivo is inhibited by the sulfenic acid reactant dimedone, suggesting that YajL preferentially forms disulfides with sulfenylated proteins. YajL (but not YajL(C106A)) also forms mixed disulfides in vitro with the sulfenylated form of bovine serum albumin. The YajL-serum albumin disulfides can be subsequently reduced by glutathione or dihydrolipoic acid. We also show that DJ-1 can form mixed disulfides with sulfenylated E. coli proteins and with sulfenylated serum albumin. These results suggest that YajL and possibly DJ-1 function as covalent chaperones involved in the detection of sulfenylated proteins by forming mixed disulfides with them and that these disulfides are subsequently reduced by low-molecular-weight thiols.
Published: 2012
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24. YajL, Prokaryotic Homolog of Parkinsonism-associated Protein DJ-1, Functions as a Covalent Chaperone for Thiol Proteome*

Author: Gilbert Richarme, Valérie Gautier, Mouadh Mihoub, Sun Shin Cha, Hai Tuong Le, Ahmed Landoulsi, Nadia Messaoudi, Fatoum Kthiri, Abderrahim Malki, Young Jun An, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire - 03/UR/0902, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Marine Biotechnology, Research Center, Korea Ocean Research & Developent Institute, Korea Ocean Research & Developent Institute, PHC-Utique (10G0803), Fondation de la Recherche Medicale, Extreme Genome Research Center program of Ministry of Land, Transport, and Maritime Affairs, and Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
Subjects: Ribosomal Proteins, DJ-1, Proteome, Protein Deglycase DJ-1, Protein Disulfide-Isomerases, Protein aggregation, Biochemistry, Aconitase, Protein–protein interaction, 03 medical and health sciences, Ribosomal protein, Humans, Parkinson, Disulfides, Sulfhydryl Compounds, Protein disulfide-isomerase, oxidoreductase, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, covalent chaperone, Oncogene Proteins, 0303 health sciences, biology, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Escherichia coli Proteins, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, YajL, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Cell Biology, nervous system diseases, Oxidative Stress, Protein Synthesis and Degradation, Chaperone (protein), Mutation, mixed disulfides, biology.protein, Protein folding, Oxidoreductases, Cysteine, Molecular Chaperones
Abstract: International audience; YajL is the closest Escherichia coli homolog of the Parkinsonism-associated protein DJ-1, a multifunctional oxidative stress response protein whose biochemical function remains unclear. We recently reported the aggregation of proteins in a yajL mutant in an oxidative stress-dependent manner, and that YajL exhibits chaperone activity. Here, we show that YajL displays covalent chaperone and weak protein oxidoreductase activities that are dependent on its exposed cysteine 106. It catalyzes reduced RNase oxidation, scrambled RNase isomerization and insulin reduction, and forms mixed disulfides with many cellular proteins upon oxidative stress. The formation of mixed disulfides was detected by immunoblotting bacterial extracts with anti-YajL antibodies under nonreducing conditions. Disulfides were purified from bacterial extracts on a YajL-affinity column, separated by nonreducing-reducing SDS-PAGE and identified by mass spectrometry. Covalent YajL substrates included ribosomal proteins, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, chaperones, catalases, peroxidases, and other proteins containing cysteines essential for catalysis or FeS cluster binding, such as glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, aconitase and FeS cluster-containing subunits of respiratory chains. In addition, we show that DJ-1 also forms mixed disulfides with cytoplasmic proteins upon oxidative stress. These results shed light on the oxydative stress-dependent chaperone function of YajL and identify YajL substrates involved in translation, stress protection, protein solubilization and metabolism. They reveal a crucial role for cysteine 106 and suggest that DJ-1 also functions as a covalent chaperone. These findings are consistent with several defects observed in yajL or DJ-1 mutants, including translational defects, protein aggregation, oxidative stress sensitivity and metabolic deficiencies.
Published: 2011
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25. Highly hydrophilic surfaces from polyglycidol grafts with dual antifouling and specific protein recognition properties

Author: Mireille Turmine, Teresa Basinska, Sandrine Lépinay, Mohamed M. Chehimi, Dalila Ben Hassen-Chehimi, Monika Gosecka, Marie-Claude Millot, Benjamin Carbonnier, Stanislaw Slomkowski, Sarra Gam-Derouich, Ali Othmane, Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes (ITODYS (UMR_7086)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polska Akademia Nauk = Polish Academy of Sciences (PAN), Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interfaces et Systèmes Electrochimiques (LISE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de recherches sur les polymères (LRP), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biophysique [Monastir], Faculté de Médecine de Monastir [Tunisie], Laboratoire d'Application de la Chimie aux Ressources et Substances Naturelles et à l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Polska Akademia Nauk (PAN), Laboratoire de biophysique, and Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
Subjects: ADSORPTION, Biofouling, Surface Properties, TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION, 02 engineering and technology, (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, AQUEOUS-SOLUTION, GAMMA-GLOBULINS, Contact angle, chemistry.chemical_compound, Adsorption, SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS, Polymer chemistry, Electrochemistry, Animals, General Materials Science, Particle Size, Bovine serum albumin, Surface plasmon resonance, BOVINE SERUM-ALBUMIN, Spectroscopy, GRADIENT APPROXIMATION FUNCTIONALS, Aqueous solution, Molecular Structure, biology, EXACT-EXCHANGE, Chemistry, DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL THERMOCHEMISTRY, Serum Albumin, Bovine, Self-assembled monolayer, Surfaces and Interfaces, Stainless Steel, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Condensed Matter Physics, DIAZONIUM SALTS, 0104 chemical sciences, Photopolymer, Propylene Glycols, biology.protein, Cattle, Gold, 0210 nano-technology, [CHIM.OTHE]Chemical Sciences/Other
Abstract: International audience; Homopolymer grafts from α-tert-butoxy-ω-vinylbenzyl-polyglycidol (PGL) were prepared on gold and stainless steel (SS) substrates modified by 4-benzoyl-phenyl (BP) moieties derived from the electroreduction of the parent salt 4-benzoyl benzene diazonium tetrafluoroborate. The grafted BP aryl groups efficiently served to surface-initiate photopolymerization (SIPP) of PGL. In similar conditions, SIPP of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) permitted the production of PHEMA grafts as model surfaces. Water contact angles were found to be 66°, 15°, and 0° for SS-BP, SS-PHEMA, and SS-PPGL, respectively. The spontaneous spreading of water drops on SS-PPGL was invariably observed with 1.5 μL water drops. PPGL thus appears as a superhydrophilic polymer. Resistance to nonspecific adsorption of proteins of PPGL and PHEMA grafts on gold was evaluated by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) using antibovine serum albumin (anti-BSA). The results conclusively show that PPGL-grafts exhibit enhanced resistance to anti-BSA adsorption compared to the well-known hydrophilic PHEMA. PPGL grafts were further modified with BSA through the carbonyldiimidazole activation of the OH groups providing immunosensing surfaces. The so-prepared PPGL-grafted BSA hybrids specifically interacted with anti-BSA in PBS as compared to antimyoglobin. It is clear that the superhydrophilic character of PPGL grafts opens new avenues for biomedical applications where surfaces with dual functionality, namely, specific protein grafting together with resistance to biofouling, are required.
Published: 2011
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26. The effect of methylation on some biological parameters in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium

Author: Jihen Tagourti, Amine Aloui, Ahmed Landoulsi, A. El May, D. Joseleau Petit, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of science Bizerte, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Technology, and Faculty of science Bizerte
Subjects: DNA, Bacterial, Salmonella typhimurium, Site-Specific DNA-Methyltransferase (Adenine-Specific), Hot Temperature, Biology, DNA replication, Methylation, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Nucleic acid thermodynamics, chemistry.chemical_compound, Dam methylase, Epigenetics, Melting temperature, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Bacterial growth, 030306 microbiology, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, General Medicine, DNA Methylation, Molecular biology, chemistry, DNA methylation, Mutation, S. Typhimurium, Cytosine, DNA
Abstract: International audience; Cell growth is tightly coupled to DNA replication and its methylation [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93 (1996) 12206-12211]. In a culture medium, growing of Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) mutant cells (dam(-)) decreased (2.5 fold) relative to the wild type strain (dam(+)). In this study, we show that the reason for this growth deficiency is due to the DNA methylation. The absence of a Dam methyltransferase protein results in poor growth efficiency and disturbs the synchrony of replication initiation in vivo, as evaluated by flow cytometry. On the other hand, we show that lack of methylation could increase the DNA response to thermal stress (decreasing the DNA melting temperature, T(m)), and the reason for this effect is due to the methylation status and not to the number of guanine and cytosine bases (G+C) in the duplex DNA. Our results show that methylation is an epigenetic factor that may play a key role in the cell growth, the synchrony of DNA replication [C R Biologies 330 (2007) 576-580] and the stress protection.
Published: 2011
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27. Oxidative stress and prevention of the adaptive response to chronic iron overload in the brain of young adult rats exposed to a 150 kilohertz electromagnetic field

Author: H Abdelmelek, K Maaroufi, Laurence Had-Aissouni, Etienne Save, Bruno Poucet, M Sakly, Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, Antioxidant, medicine.medical_treatment, Hippocampus, medicine.disease_cause, MESH: Electromagnetic Fields, Lipid peroxidation, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Animals, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Oxidative Stress, biology, General Neuroscience, Age Factors, Brain, Adaptation, Physiological, Biochemistry, Catalase, medicine.medical_specialty, animal structures, Iron Overload, MESH: Rats, Oxidative phosphorylation, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Brain, MESH: Iron Overload, Electromagnetic Fields, Internal medicine, medicine, TBARS, Animals, Rats, Wistar, 030304 developmental biology, MESH: Age Factors, MESH: Chronic Disease, MESH: Rats, Wistar, MESH: Adaptation, Physiological, MESH: Male, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, Oxidative Stress, Endocrinology, chemistry, Chronic Disease, biology.protein, MESH: Disease Models, Animal, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Oxidative stress
Abstract: International audience; Iron surcharge may induce an oxidative stress-based decline in several neurological functions. In addition, electromagnetic fields (EMF) of frequencies up to about 100 kHz, emitted by electric/electronic devices, have been suggested to enhance free radical production through an iron dependent pathway. The purpose of this study was therefore to determine a possible relationship between iron status, exposure to EMF, and brain oxidative stress in young adult rats. Samples were micro-dissected from prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum after chronic saline or iron overload (IO) as well as after chronic sham exposure or exposure to a 150 kHz EMF or after combining EMF exposure with IO. The brain samples were used to monitor oxidative stress-induced lipid peroxidation and activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase. While IO did not induce any oxidative stress in young adult rats, it stimulated antioxidant defenses in the cerebellum and prefrontal cortex in particular. On the contrary, EMF exposure stimulated lipid peroxidation mainly in the cerebellum, without affecting antioxidant defenses. When EMF was coapplied with IO, lipid peroxidation was further increased as compared to EMF alone while the increase in antioxidant defenses triggered by the sole IO was abolished. These data suggest that EMF exposure may be harmful in young adults by impairing the antioxidant defenses directed at preventing iron-induced oxidative stress.
Published: 2010
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28. TRANSLATIONAL DEFECTS IN A MUTANT DEFICIENT IN YajL, THE BACTERIAL HOMOLOG OF THE PARKINSONISM-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN DJ-1

Author: Gilbert Richarme, Valérie Gautier, M.-F. Prère, Abderrahim Malki, Olivier Fayet, Ahmed Landoulsi, Fatoum Kthiri, Hai-Tuong Le, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire - 03/UR/0902, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire de microbiologie et génétique moléculaires (LMGM), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Ribosomal Proteins, Protein DJ-1, Mutant, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, Ribosome, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Ribosomal protein, Escherichia coli, medicine, 30S, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 50S, 0303 health sciences, Escherichia coli Proteins, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Genetic translation, Cell biology, Biochemistry, Protein Biosynthesis, Ribosomes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: We report here that YajL is associated with ribosomes and interacts with many ribosomal proteins and that a yajL mutant of Escherichia coli displays decreased translation accuracy, as well as increased dissociation of 70S ribosomes into 50S and 30S subunits after oxidative stress.
Published: 2010
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29. Effects of exposure to a 128-mT static magnetic field on glucose and lipid metabolism in serum and skeletal muscle of rats

Author: René Gross, Karen Lambert, Lore Metz, Marjorie Coisy-Quivy, Hatem Belguith, Mohsen Sakly, Jacques Mercier, Miryam Elferchichi, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Anne-Dominique Lajoix, Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Muscle et pathologies, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-IFR3, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre de pharmacologie et innovation dans le diabète (CPID), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Passerieux, Emilie
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Skeletal muscle, Environmental pollution, Biology, Static magnetic fields, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Magnetics, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, medicine, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Animals, Glycolysis, Rats, Wistar, Muscle, Skeletal, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, 0303 health sciences, Glycogen, Triglyceride, Insulin, Body Weight, Lipid metabolism, General Medicine, Metabolism, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, Lipid Metabolism, 3. Good health, Rats, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Glucose, chemistry, Liver, 13. Climate action, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Oxidation-Reduction
Abstract: International audience; Background and Aims. Increasing environmental pollution may participate in the growing incidence of metabolic disorders. Static magnetic fields (SMFs) are an emerging environmental health issue due to increased exposure in residential and commercial areas; however, their metabolic effects in serum and skeletal muscle are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of SMF exposure on glucose and lipid metabolism in serum and skeletal muscles of rats.Methods. Twelve 6-to 7-week-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: rats exposed to 128 mT SMF and sham-exposed rats. This moderate-intensity exposure was performed for 1 h/day for 15 consecutive days.Results. Animals exposed to 128 mT SMF displayed significant changes in both glucose (i.e., increases in plasma glucose and lactate and decrease in plasma insulin levels) and lipid (i.e., increases in plasma glycerol, cholesterol and phospholipids but not triglyceride levels) metabolism. During intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests, SMF-exposed rats displayed significantly higher hyperglycemia compared to sham-exposed rats despite similar insulin levels in both groups. In tissues, SMF exposure induced significant alterations in enzyme activities only in glycolytic muscles and caused a significant decrease in quadriceps and liver glycogen content together with increased phospholipid levels. Conclusions. This study provides evidence that subacute SMF exposure of moderate intensity induces important alterations of glucose and lipid metabolisms, which deserve further investigations to evaluate long-term consequences. Ó
Published: 2010
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30. Protein aggregation in a mutant deficient in yajL, the bacterial homolog of the Parkinsonism-associated protein DJ-1

Author: Ahmed Landoulsi, Gilbert Richarme, Teresa Caldas, Fatoum Kthiri, Valérie Gautier, Phillippe Bouloc, Hai-Tuong Le, Chantal Bohn, Abderrahim Malki, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire - 03/UR/0902, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Institut de génétique et microbiologie [Orsay] (IGM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
Subjects: Ribosomal Proteins, Protein Folding, Protein DJ-1, Protein Conformation, Ribosomal Protein L3, Protein Deglycase DJ-1, Mutant, Citrate (si)-Synthase, Protein aggregation, Biochemistry, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, Ribosomal protein, Escherichia coli, Humans, Anaerobiosis, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Oncogene Proteins, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Reactive oxygen species, biology, ATP synthase, Superoxide Dismutase, Escherichia coli Proteins, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Hydrogen Peroxide, Cell Biology, Catalase, Aerobiosis, Oxidative Stress, chemistry, Chaperone (protein), Mutation, Protein Structure and Folding, biology.protein, Reactive Oxygen Species
Abstract: International audience; YajL is the closest prokaryotic homolog of the parkinsonism-associated protein DJ-1 (40% sequence identity and similar three-dimensional structure), a protein of unknown function involved in the cellular response to oxidative stress. We report here that a yajL mutant of Escherichia coli displays an increased sensitivity to oxidative stress. It also exhibits a protein aggregation phenotype in aerobiosis, but not in anaerobiosis or in aerobic cells overexpressing superoxide dismutase, suggesting that protein aggregation depends on the presence of reactive oxygen species produced by respiratory chains. The protein aggregation phenotype of the yajL mutant, which can be rescued by the wild-type yajL gene, but not by the corresponding cysteine 106 mutant allele, is similar to that of multiple mutants deficient in superoxide dismutases and catalases, although intracellular hydrogen peroxide levels were not increased in the yajL mutant, suggesting that protein aggregation in this strain does not result from a hydrogen peroxide detoxification defect. Aggregation-prone proteins included 17 ribosomal proteins, the ATP synthase beta subunit, flagellin, and the outer membrane proteins OmpA and PAL; all of them are part of multiprotein complexes, suggesting that YajL might be involved in optimal expression of these complexes, especially during oxidative stress. YajL stimulated the renaturation of urea-unfolded citrate synthase and the solubilization of the urea-unfolded ribosomal proteins S1 and L3 and was more efficient as a chaperone in its oxidized form than in its reduced form. The mRNA levels of several aggregated proteins of the yajL mutant were severely affected, suggesting that YajL also acts at the level of gene expression. These two functions of YajL might explain the protein aggregation phenotype of the yajL mutant.
Published: 2010
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31. NaCl effect on the distribution of wall ingrowth polymers and arabinogalactan proteins in type A transfer cells of Medicago sativa Gabès leaves

Author: Raphaël Decou, Sabine Lhernould, Florence Thibault, Pierrette Fleurat-Lessard, Emile Béré, Néziha Boughanmi, Guy Costa, Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Equipe Physiologie Moléculaire du Transport de Sucres (PhyMoTS), Laboratoire de catalyse en chimie organique (LACCO), Université de Poitiers-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (LCSN), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST FR CNRS 3503), Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Ingénierie Génétique (IBMIG), and Université de Poitiers
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Turgor pressure, Plant Science, Biology, Sodium Chloride, Polysaccharide, 01 natural sciences, Cell wall, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Epitopes, Mucoproteins, Arabinogalactan, Cell Wall, Polysaccharides, Glucans, 030304 developmental biology, Plant Proteins, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, Cell Biology, General Medicine, Cellulose binding, Immunohistochemistry, Xyloglucan, Plant Leaves, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Biochemistry, Pectins, Xylans, Phloem, Secondary cell wall, 010606 plant biology & botany, Medicago sativa
Abstract: International audience; We studied the distribution of wall ingrowth (WI) polymers by probing thin sections of companion cells specialized as transfer cells in minor veins of Medicago sativa cv Gabès blade with affinity probes and antibodies specific to polysaccharides and glycoproteins. The wall polymers in the controls were similar in WIs and in the primary wall but differently distributed. The extent of labeling in these papillate WIs differed for JIM5 and JIM7 homogalacturonans but was in the same range for LM5 and LM6 rhamnogalacturonans and xyloglucans. These data show that WI enhancement probably requires arabinogalactan proteins (JIM8) mainly localized on the outer part of the primary wall and WIs. By comparison, NaCl-treated plants exhibited cell wall polysaccharide modifications indicating (1) an increase in unesterified homogalacturonans (JIM5), probably implicated in Na+ binding and/or polysaccharide network interaction for limiting turgor variations in mesophyll cells; (2) enhancement of the xyloglucan network with an accumulation of fucosylated xyloglucans (CCRC-M1) known to increase the capacity of cellulose binding; and (3) specific recognition of JIM8 arabinogalactan proteins that could participate in both wall enlargement and cohesion by increasing the number of molecular interactions with the other polymers. In conclusion, the cell wall polysaccharide distribution in enlarged WIs might (1) participate in wall resistance to sequestration of Na+, allowing a better control of hydric homeostasis in mesophyll cells to maintain metabolic activity in source leaves, and (2) maintain tolerance of M. sativa to NaCl.
Published: 2010
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32. Effects of static magnetic field on cell growth, viability, and differential gene expression in Salmonella

Author: Imed Maatouk, Ahmed Landoulsi, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Najla Ben Miloud, Alya El May, Sarra Snoussi, Ridha Ben Aissa, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre National des Sciences et Technologies Nucléaires Sidi Thabet, Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrée, Laboratoire de Contrôle des Eaux et Denrées Alimentaires, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), and This work was supported by the Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Technology.
Subjects: Salmonella, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Gene Expression, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Magnetics, Bacterial Proteins, RNA Polymerase I, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Gene expression, medicine, RNA, Messenger, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Adenosine Triphosphatases, 0303 health sciences, Messenger RNA, Microbial Viability, biology, 030306 microbiology, Cell growth, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Salmonella enterica, 16S ribosomal RNA, biology.organism_classification, Catalase, Molecular biology, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, Kinetics, Cell culture, Animal Science and Zoology, Cell Division, Food Science
Abstract: International audience; In the present study, we investigated the effect of exposure to A static magnetic field (SMF) on cell growth, viability, and gene expression of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Hadar. Our results indicated that SMF exposure (200 mT, 13 hours) failed to alter cellular growth but induced a decrease of colony-forming units (CFU) between 3 and 6 hours followed by an increase from 6 to 9 hours. The analysis of the differential expression of rpoA, dnaK, katN, and 16S rRNA genes under SMF exposure (200 mT, 10 hours) showed that the expression level of the 16S rRNA mRNA remained stable during the exposure and can thus be used as a reference gene for the analysis on the differential gene expression of Salmonella Hadar. Interestingly, mRNAs of rpoA, katN, and dnaK genes were over-expressed following 10 hours of SMF exposure (200 mT). These data suggest a possible stress response of Salmonella Hadar to static magnetic field.
Published: 2009
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33. Expression of stress-related genes in tomato plants exposed to arsenic and chromium in nutrient solution

Author: Olivier Faure, Gérard Ledoigt, Pascale Goupil, Adnane Hitmi, Dalila Souguir, Ezzedine El Ferjani, Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génétique des plantes à intérêt agronomique (LPGPIA), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Département Géochimie, environnement, écoulement, réacteurs industriels et cristallisation (GENERIC-ENSMSE), École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-SPIN, Laboratoire Ecophysiologie Appliquée, Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Biotechnologies Végétales (LPBV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, and Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)
Subjects: Chromium, 0106 biological sciences, Physiology, chemistry.chemical_element, Metal toxicity, Hsp90, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Arsenic, 03 medical and health sciences, Hydroponics, Solanum lycopersicum, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Stress, Physiological, Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid, Botany, Metallothionein, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, RNA, Messenger, Lycopersicon esculentum, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, fungi, Plant physiology, food and beverages, Glutathion reductase, biology.organism_classification, Solutions, Horticulture, chemistry, Heavy metals, Shoot, Toxicity, Databases, Nucleic Acid, Agronomy and Crop Science, Solanaceae, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; The molecular responses of hydroponically cultivated tomato plants to As(V) or Cr(VI) were assessed by transcript accumulation analysis of genes coding for products potentially involved in heavy metal tolerance. A quantitative real-time PCR experiment was performed with Hsp90-1, MT2- and GR1-like protein genes using RNA isolated from tomato roots or shoots treated for 24 h with As(V) or Cr(VI) at concentrations ranging from 80 to 640 μM. Both transient metallic treatments induced Hsp90-1 transcript accumulation in tomato plants. MT2- and GR1-like transcripts accumulated in tomato roots treated with As(V) but were only slightly affected by Cr(VI) treatment. Tomatoes showed phenotypic symptoms to heavy metal toxicity when plants were exposed to Cr(VI) but not As(V). Plant lethality was observed at 1280 μM Cr(VI), indicating that tomatoes were more tolerant to As than Cr stress under the experimental conditions used here.
Published: 2009
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34. Effects of static magnetic field exposure on antioxidative enzymes activity and DNA in rat brain

Author: Catherine Garel, Alain Favier, Thierry Douki, Khémais Ben Rhouma, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Salem Amara, Mohsen Sakly, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques (LAN), Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique (SCIB - UMR E3), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Interface Biologie pour l’Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST ), SYstèmes Moléculaires et nanoMatériaux pour l’Energie et la Santé (SYMMES), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Douki, Thierry
Subjects: Male, Physiology, 010501 environmental sciences, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Hippocampus, Antioxidants, chemistry.chemical_compound, Random Allocation, Malondialdehyde, Metallothionein, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, Glutathione peroxidase, Brain, General Medicine, Catalase, Glutathione, Frontal Lobe, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Biochemistry, 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Oxidation-Reduction, medicine.medical_specialty, [CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Biophysics, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, Electromagnetic Fields, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Rats, Wistar, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Glutathione Peroxidase, Superoxide Dismutase, Deoxyguanosine, DNA oxidation, DNA, Rats, Oxidative Stress, Endocrinology, chemistry, biology.protein, Oxidative stress
Abstract: The present study was undertaken in order to investigate the effects of static magnetic field (SMF) exposure on the antioxidative enzymes activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and DNA oxidation in male rat brain. The exposure of rats to SMF (128 mT, 1 h/day during 30 consecutive days) decreased the glutathione peroxidase (GPx; -39%, p < 0.05), CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD; -35%, p < 0.05) and catalase (-59%, p < 0.05) activities in frontal cortex. The same treatment decreased the CuZn-SOD (-51%, p < 0.05) and Mn-SOD (-13%, p < 0.05) activities in hippocampus. However, the glutathione levels remained unchanged in the both brain structures. In the hippocampus, SMF exposure increased MDA concentration (+32%, p < 0.05). Interestingly, exposed-rats to SMF displayed a significant increase of metallothioneins level in frontal cortex (+100%, p < 0.05), while the 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo) concentration remained unaffected, indicating the absence of DNA oxidation. Our results indicated that sub-chronic exposure to SMF induced oxidative stress in rat hippocampus and frontal cortex. Metallothionein induction protected probably DNA against oxidative damage.
Published: 2009

35. The thioredoxin homolog YbbN functions as a chaperone rather than as an oxidoreductase

Author: Renée Kern, Gilbert Richarme, Abderrahim Malki, Ahmed Landoulsi, Teresa Caldas, Fatoum Kthiri, Hai-Tuong Le, Jad Abdallah, Jihen Tagourti, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire - 03/UR/0902, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, and Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
Subjects: Proteomics, Cytoplasm, Hot Temperature, MESH: Escherichia coli Proteins, Chaperone, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Heat stress, Thioredoxins, MESH: Thioredoxins, Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors, Disulfides, MESH: HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Oxidative Stress, MESH: Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli Proteins, MESH: Proteomics, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, MESH: Periplasm, Cell biology, Oxidoreductase, Periplasm, Thioredoxin, MESH: Oxidoreductases Acting on Sulfur Group Donors, MESH: Molecular Chaperones, Protein Renaturation, MESH: Mutation, Biophysics, MESH: Heat, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Escherichia coli, HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins, MESH: Disulfides, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, SXXC, Bacteria, YbbN, MESH: Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Cell Biology, GroEL, chemistry, Oxidative stress, Chaperone (protein), Hsp33, Mutation, biological sciences, biology.protein, bacteria, Molecular Chaperones, MESH: Cell Membrane
Abstract: International audience; Escherichia coli contains two thioredoxins, Trx1 and Trx2, and a thioredoxin-like protein, YbbN, which presents a strong homology in its N-terminal part with thioredoxins, and possesses a 20kDa C-terminal part of unknown function. We reported previously that YbbN displays both protein oxido-reductase and chaperone properties in vitro. In this study, we show that an ybbN-deficient strain displays an increased sensitivity to thermal stress but not to oxidative stress, a normal redox state of its cellular proteins but a decreased expression of several cytoplasmic proteins, including EF-Tu, DnaK, GroEL, trigger factor and several Krebs cycle enzymes, suggesting that the chaperone properties of YbbN are more important in vivo than its redox properties. YbbN specifically interacts with DnaK and GroEL, as shown by reverse purification. It increases 4-fold the rate of protein renaturation in vitro by the DnaK chaperone machine, suggesting that it cooperates with DnaK for the optimal expression of several cytoplasmic proteins.
Published: 2008
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36. Partial purification and characterization of a copper-induced anionic peroxidase of sunflower roots

Author: Hager Jouili, Gisèle Borderies, Ezzeddine El Ferjani, Houda Bouazizi, Elisabeth Jamet, Michel Rossignol, Laboratoire de Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaires, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Signalisation cellulaire et biotechnologie végétale (SCBV), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Surfaces Cellulaires et Signalisation chez les Végétaux (SCSV), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Copper Sulfate, Physiology, Molecular Sequence Data, chemistry.chemical_element, Electron donor, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Plant Roots, Substrate Specificity, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Helianthus annuus, Genetics, Amino Acid Sequence, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Peroxidase, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Chromatography, biology, Mass spectrometry, Guaiacol, Temperature, Hydrogen Peroxide, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Sunflower, Copper, Enzyme, chemistry, Peroxidases, Root, 13. Climate action, Seedlings, biology.protein, Helianthus, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Sequence Alignment, 010606 plant biology & botany, Coniferyl alcohol, Chromatography, Liquid
Abstract: Treatment of 14-day-old sunflower seedlings with a toxic amount of copper (50 microM of CuSO(4)) during 5days caused significant increase in peroxidase activity in roots. Qualitative analysis of soluble proteins using native anionic PAGE followed by detection of peroxidase activity with guaïacol as electron donor in the presence of H(2)O(2) revealed five stimulated peroxidases, named A1, A2, A3, A4, and A5. These peroxidases had differential behavior during the period of treatment. A1, A2, A3 and A4 were stimulated in the first period of stress, but rapidly suppressed at 72h. A5 showed a progressive stimulation which was even increased at 120h. A1 was partially purified, identified using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and characterized. Effects of pH and temperature on its activity were determined with guaïacol as electron donor. Optima were obtained at pH 8 and at 40 degrees C. Analysis of substrate specificity showed that A1 was active on coniferyl alcohol but not on IAA. Enzymatic activity was inhibited by a high concentration of H(2)O(2).
Published: 2008
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37. Effect of an chronic GSM 900 MHz exposure on glia in the rat brain

Author: Christelle Gamez, Mohamed Ammari, Anthony Lecomte, Hafedh Abdelmelek, René de Seze, Elsa Brillaud, Mohsen Sakly, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), Laboratoire de Physiologie Intégrée, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], and Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Central nervous system, Hippocampus, Striatum, Lateral globus pallidus, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, GLIAL FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN (GFAP), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Cortex (anatomy), ASTROGLIOSIS, Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein, medicine, Animals, BRAIN, Microwaves, GSM 900 MHZ, 030304 developmental biology, Pharmacology, 0303 health sciences, Glial fibrillary acidic protein, biology, business.industry, Dentate gyrus, General Medicine, Anatomy, medicine.disease, Immunohistochemistry, Astrogliosis, Rats, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, nervous system, NEUROTOXICITY, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, biology.protein, RAT, business, Neuroglia, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cell Phone
Abstract: International audience; Extension of the mobile phone technology raises concern about the health effects of 900 MHz microwaves on the central nervous system (CNS). In this study we measured GFAP expression using immunocytochemistry method, to evaluate glial evolution 10 days after a chronic exposure (5 days a week for 24 weeks) to GSM signal for 45 min/day at a brain-averaged specific absorption rate (SAR) = 1.5 W/kg and for 15 min/day at a SAR = 6 W/kg in the following rat brain areas: prefrontal cortex (PfCx), caudate putamen (Cpu), lateral globus pallidus of striatum (LGP), dentate gyrus of hippocampus (DG) and cerebellum cortex (CCx). In comparison to sham or cage control animals, rats exposed to chronic GSM signal at 6 W/kg have increased GFAP stained surface areas in the brain (p < 0.05). But the chronic exposure to GSM at 1.5 W/kg did not increase GFAP expression. Our results indicated that chronic exposure to GSM 900 MHz microwaves (SAR = 6 W/kg) may induce persistent astroglia activation in the rat brain (sign of a potential gliosis). (c) 2008 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved
Published: 2008
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38. Preventive effect of zinc against cadmium-induced oxidative stress in the rat testis

Author: Jean-Luc Ravanat, Alain Favier, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Salem Amara, Thierry Douki, Khémais Ben Rhouma, Mohsen Sakly, Pascale Guiraud, Catherine Garrel, Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Unité de Biochimie Hormonale et Nutritionnelle, Biologie-Toxicologie-pharmacologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Laboratoire ORSOX, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques (LAN), Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique (SCIB - UMR E3), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Interface Biologie pour l’Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST ), SYstèmes Moléculaires et nanoMatériaux pour l’Energie et la Santé (SYMMES), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Douki, Thierry, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Gonad, [CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Zinc, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Models, Biological, Antioxidants, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Internal medicine, Malondialdehyde, Testis, medicine, Metallothionein, Animals, Testosterone, Spermatogenesis, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 0303 health sciences, Superoxide Dismutase, DNA, Sperm, Mitochondria, Rats, Oxygen, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Oxidative Stress, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, chemistry, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Animal Science and Zoology, Oxidative stress, Cadmium
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant role of zinc (Zn) in the Cd-exposed testes of Wistar rats. Subchronic exposure to Cd (CdCl2, 40 mg/l, per os) for 30 days resulted in a significant reduction in growth rate (-11%) and relative weights of testes (-36%) and seminal vesicles (-80%). Treated rats displayed a decrease in testicular and plasma testosterone levels, respectively (-70%, P
Published: 2008

39. Cloning, expression, purification and characterization of the stress kinase YeaG from Escherichia coli

Author: Jihen Tagourti, Gilbert Richarme, Ahmed Landoulsi, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire - 03/UR/0902, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, and Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
Subjects: lac operon, Biology, Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases, medicine.disease_cause, Protein kinase, Gene product, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Escherichia coli, Cloning, Molecular, Phosphorylation, Protein kinase A, Peptide sequence, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Expression vector, Molecular mass, Bacteria, 030306 microbiology, Escherichia coli Proteins, Caseins, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Chromatography, Ion Exchange, Molecular biology, Molecular Weight, Biochemistry, Casein kinase 1, Biotechnology, Environmental stresses
Abstract: We cloned, overexpressed and purified the Escherichia coli yeaG gene product, whose amino acid sequence displays homology to prokaryotic serine protein kinases. The gene coding for YeaG was generated by amplifying the yeaG gene from E. coli by polymerase chain reaction. It was inserted into the expression plasmid pET-21a, under the transcriptional control of the bacteriophage T7 promoter and lac operator. A BL21(DE3) E. coli strain transformed with the YeaG-expression vector pET-21a-yeaG accumulates large amounts of a soluble protein with a molecular mass of 76 kDa in SDS–PAGE, which matches the expected YeaG molecular weight of 74.5 kDa. YeaG, although soluble, has a marked tendency to aggregate in the absence of detergents, so that it was purified in the presence of 0.1% Triton X-100, by ion exchange chromatography and hydroxyapatite chromatography. The purified protein is monomeric and displays autokinase and casein kinase activities which are optimal in the presence of 10 mM Mn 2+ . The purification of the active protein kinase YeaG described in this study should allow us to characterize its biochemical target(s) in E. coli extracts.
Published: 2007
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40. YhbO protects cells against multiple stresses

Author: Jad Abdallah, Renée Kern, Gilbert Richarme, Teresa Caldas, Fatoum Kthiri, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Biolchimie et Biologie Moléculaire 03/UR/902, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, and Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte
Subjects: Hot Temperature, Ultraviolet Rays, Mutant, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Oxidative phosphorylation, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Escherichia coli, medicine, Cysteine, Molecular Biology, Heat-Shock Proteins, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, 030306 microbiology, Escherichia coli Proteins, SUPERFAMILY, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Oxidants, biology.organism_classification, Stress resistance, Enterobacteriaceae, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Mutagenesis, Insertional, Biochemistry, Bacteria
Abstract: YhbO is a member of the DJ-1/ThiJ/Pfp1 superfamily, which includes chaperones, peptidases, and the Parkinson's disease protein DJ-1. A yhbO -disrupted mutant of Escherichia coli is highly sensitive to oxidative, thermal, UV, and pH stresses, and the putative nucleophilic cysteine C104 of YhbO is required for stress resistance. These results suggest that YhbO affects a central process in stress management.
Published: 2007
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41. Cadmium-induced oxidative stress and DNA damage in kidney of pregnant female rats

Author: Thierry Douki, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Catherine Garrel, Sihem Chater, Mohsen Sakly, Alain Favier, Douki, Thierry, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques (LAN), Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique (SCIB - UMR E3), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Interface Biologie pour l’Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST ), SYstèmes Moléculaires et nanoMatériaux pour l’Energie et la Santé (SYMMES), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Unité de Biochimie Hormonale et Nutritionnelle, Biologie-Toxicologie-pharmacologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, DNA damage, 010501 environmental sciences, Cadmium chloride, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Kidney, 01 natural sciences, Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Pregnancy, Internal medicine, Malondialdehyde, medicine, Metallothionein, Animals, Rats, Wistar, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 0303 health sciences, General Immunology and Microbiology, Kidney metabolism, General Medicine, Glutathione, DNA, 3. Good health, Rats, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Oxidative Stress, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, chemistry, Liver, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Toxicity, Female, Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet, Lipid Peroxidation, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Oxidative stress, Cadmium, DNA Damage
Abstract: In the present study, we have investigated the influence of sub-acute treatment with cadmium (Cd) on some parameters indicative of oxidative stress and DNA damage in tissues of pregnant female rats. Pregnant female rats (n=6) were injected subcutaneously, daily with a dose of cadmium chloride of 3 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) from day 6 to day 19 of pregnancy, and they were allowed to deliver normally. MDA level and GPx, CAT and SOD activities were used as markers of oxidative stress in liver and kidney. The 8-oxo-dG level was measured by the HPLC-EC system. Cd treatment increased MDA (+116%, p
Published: 2007

42. Influence of a static magnetic field (250 mT) on the antioxidant response and DNA integrity in THP1 cells

Author: Jean-Luc Ravanat, Thery Douki, Mohsen Sakly, Salem Amara, Catherine Garrel, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Pascale Guiraud, Alain Favier, Khémais Ben Rhouma, Douki, Thierry, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques (LAN), Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique (SCIB - UMR E3), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Interface Biologie pour l’Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST ), SYstèmes Moléculaires et nanoMatériaux pour l’Energie et la Santé (SYMMES), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Unité de Biochimie Hormonale et Nutritionnelle, Biologie-Toxicologie-pharmacologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Laboratoire ORSOX, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble
Subjects: [CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, DNA damage, medicine.disease_cause, Antioxidants, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Electromagnetic Fields, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Malondialdehyde, medicine, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, DNA Breaks, Single-Stranded, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Glutathione Peroxidase, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, biology, Superoxide Dismutase, Glutathione peroxidase, Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation, Catalase, Fluoresceins, Molecular biology, Comet assay, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Dose–response relationship, chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, biology.protein, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, Comet Assay, Oxidative stress
Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of static magnetic field (SMF) exposure in antioxidant enzyme activity, the labile zinc fraction and DNA damage in THP1 cells (monocyte line). Cell culture flasks were exposed to SMF (250 mT) during 1 h (group 1), 2 h (group 2) and 3 h (group 3). Our results showed that cell viability was slightly lower in SMF-exposed groups compared to a sham exposed group. However, SMF exposure failed to alter malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration (+6%, p>0.05) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (-5%, p>0.05), catalase (CAT) (-6%, p>0.05) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities (+38%, p>0.05) in group 3 compared to the sham exposed group. DNA analysis by single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay) revealed that SMF exposure did not exert any DNA damage in groups 1 and 2. However, it induced a low level of DNA single strand breaks in cells of group 3. To further explore the oxidative DNA damage, cellular DNA for group 3 was isolated, hydrolyzed and analysed by HPLC-EC. The level of 8-oxodGuo in this group remained unchanged compared to the sham exposed group (+6.5%, p>0.05). Cells stained with zinc-specific fluorescent probes zinpyr-1 showed a decrease of labile zinc fraction in all groups exposed to SMF. Our data showed that SMF exposure (250 mT, during 3 h) did not cause oxidative stress and DNA damage in THP1 cells. However, SMF could alter the intracellular labile zinc fraction.
Published: 2007

43. Zinc supplementation ameliorates static magnetic field-induced oxidative stress in rat tissues

Author: Salem Amara, Mohsen Sakly, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Jean-Luc Ravanat, Pascale Guiraud, Alain Favier, Catherine Garrel, Thierry Douki, Khémais Ben Rhouma, Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Unité de Biochimie Hormonale et Nutritionnelle, Biologie-Toxicologie-pharmacologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Laboratoire ORSOX, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques (LAN), Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique (SCIB - UMR E3), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Interface Biologie pour l’Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST ), SYstèmes Moléculaires et nanoMatériaux pour l’Energie et la Santé (SYMMES), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Douki, Thierry
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Antioxidant, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, medicine.medical_treatment, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Lipid peroxidation, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Internal medicine, medicine, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Pharmacology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Kidney, biology, Glutathione peroxidase, General Medicine, Malondialdehyde, 3. Good health, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Biochemistry, Catalase, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, biology.protein, Oxidative stress
Abstract: The present study was undertaken to find out the effect of zinc supplementation on the antioxidant enzymatic system, lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation in liver and kidney of static magnetic field (SMF) exposed rats. The exposure of rats to SMF (128 mT, 1 h/day during 30 consecutive days) decreased the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver and kidney. By contrast, sub-chronic exposure to SMF increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in liver and kidney. Our results revealed an increase of the 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-desoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo) in kidney of SMF-exposed rats. However, this biomarker of DNA oxidation remained unchanged in liver. Zinc supplementation (ZnCl 2 , 40 mg/l, per os ) in SMF-exposed rats restored the activities of GPx, CAT and SOD in liver to those of control group. However, only CAT activity was restored in kidney. Moreover, zinc administration was able to bring down the elevated levels of MDA in the liver but not in the kidney. Interestingly, zinc supplementation attenuated DNA oxidation induced by SMF in kidney to the control level. Our investigations suggested that zinc supplementation minimizes oxidative damage induced by SMF in rat tissues.
Published: 2007

44. Exposure to static magnetic field of pregnant rats induces hepatic GSH elevation but not oxidative DNA damage in liver and kidney

Author: Thierry Douki, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Khémais Ben Rhouma, Alain Favier, Cathrine Garrel, Sihem Chater, Mohsen Sakly, Douki, Thierry, Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques (LAN), Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique (SCIB - UMR E3), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Interface Biologie pour l’Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST ), SYstèmes Moléculaires et nanoMatériaux pour l’Energie et la Santé (SYMMES), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Unité de Biochimie Hormonale et Nutritionnelle, Biologie-Toxicologie-pharmacologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, [CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Kidney, medicine.disease_cause, Superoxide dismutase, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Electromagnetic Fields, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Rats, Wistar, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, biology, Lipid peroxide, Glutathione peroxidase, Deoxyguanosine, Kidney metabolism, General Medicine, Glutathione, Malondialdehyde, Rats, 3. Good health, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Oxidative Stress, Endocrinology, Liver, chemistry, Biochemistry, 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine, Catalase, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, biology.protein, Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Oxidative stress, DNA Damage
Abstract: The present investigation was designed to evaluate the effects of subacute exposure to static magnetic field (SMF) on some parameters indicative of oxidative stress and on oxidative DNA damage in pregnant rat.Females rats (n = 6) were exposed to a SMF (128 mT; 1 h/day) from day 6 to day 19 of pregnancy and were allowed to deliver normally. The control group (n = 6) was not exposed to SMF. Dams were sacrificed 3 days after delivery. The effects of subacute exposure to SMF on oxidative states were assessed on the measurements of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT). The level of 8-oxo-dG was measured using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrochemical detection.Subacute exposure to SMF failed to alter plasma GPx, MDA, CAT and SOD respectively in liver and kidney. By contrast, SMF increased total GSH (+56%, p0.05) and reduced GSH (+108%, p0.05) in liver. Our results showed that the exposure to SMF did not induce oxidative DNA lesions in liver and kidney.The data do not provide evidence that subacute SMF exposure causes DNA damage in liver and kidney in pregnant rats. The present results suggest that hepatic GSH plays an important role in protection against SMF during pregnancy. These changes in antioxidant status (GSH) lead to some adaptive responses due to activation of systems controlling the body oxidative mechanism balance.
Published: 2006

45. Influence of static magnetic field on cadmium toxicity: Study of oxidative stress and DNA damage in rat tissues

Author: Mohsen Sakly, Jean-Luc Ravanat, Catherine Garrel, Salem Amara, Pascale Guiraud, Hafedh Abdelmelek, Alain Favier, Thierry Douki, Khémais Ben Rhouma, Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Unité de Biochimie Hormonale et Nutritionnelle, Biologie-Toxicologie-pharmacologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Laboratoire ORSOX, Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Laboratoire Lésions des Acides Nucléiques (LAN), Service de Chimie Inorganique et Biologique (SCIB - UMR E3), Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie (INAC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie Interface Biologie pour l’Environnement, la Santé et la Toxicologie (CIBEST ), SYstèmes Moléculaires et nanoMatériaux pour l’Energie et la Santé (SYMMES), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), and Douki, Thierry
Subjects: Male, Cadmium Poisoning, medicine.medical_specialty, [CHIM.ANAL] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Antioxidant, medicine.medical_treatment, chemistry.chemical_element, 010501 environmental sciences, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Antioxidants, Cadmium poisoning, Inorganic Chemistry, Superoxide dismutase, Magnetics, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Rats, Wistar, 030304 developmental biology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, chemistry.chemical_classification, 0303 health sciences, Cadmium, biology, Glutathione peroxidase, Malondialdehyde, medicine.disease, 6. Clean water, Rats, 3. Good health, [SDV.TOX] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, Oxidative Stress, Endocrinology, chemistry, Catalase, [SDV.TOX]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology, biology.protein, Molecular Medicine, Oxidative stress, DNA Damage
Abstract: In the present study, we investigated the effect of co-exposure to static magnetic field (SMF) and cadmium (Cd) on the biochemical parameters, antioxidant enzymes activity and DNA damage in rat tissues. Animals were treated with cadmium (CdCl(2), 40mg/L, per os) in drinking water during 4 weeks. Cd treatment induced an increase of plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and transaminases levels. Moreover, Cd treatment increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-oxodGuo levels in rat tissues. However, the antioxidant enzymes activity such as the glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) were decreased in liver and kidney, while we noted a huge increase of hepatic and renal cadmium content. Interestingly, the combined effect of SMF (128mT, 1h/day during 30 consecutive days) and Cd (40mg/L, per os) decreased the GPx and CAT activities in liver compared to cadmium treated group. However, the association between SMF and Cd failed to alter transaminases, MDA and 8-oxodGuo concentration. Cd treatment altered antioxidant enzymes and DNA in liver and kidney of rats. Moreover, SMF associated to Cd disrupt this antioxidant response in liver compared to Cd-treated rats.
Published: 2006

46. First direct age determination from the Jurassic radiolarian-bearing siliceous series (Jédidi Formation) of northwestern Tunisia

Author: Fabrice Cordey, Mabrouk Boughdiri, Houaïda Sallouhi, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement [Lyon] (LGL-TPE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Faculté des Sciences de Bizerte [Université de Carthage], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, PaleoEnvironnements et PaleobioSphere (PEPS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département des sciences de la Terre, Université de Carthage - University of Carthage-Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planètes, Environnement (LGL-TPE), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Tunisia, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Jurassic, Biostratigraphy, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Phanerozoic, Mesozoic, Radiolaria, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Radiolarites, Global and Planetary Change, Flysch, biology, biology.organism_classification, Radiolarite, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU.STU.ST]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Clastic rock, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Sedimentary rock, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, Palaeogeography, Geology
Abstract: Our study presents preliminary biostratigraphic results from the Jurassic siliceous series of northwestern Tunisia. For the first time, radiolarians are extracted from the Jedidi formation and provide a direct age determination. They are the first radiolarian fauna documented from Tunisia. Two age assignments are comprised within the following intervals: (1) Late Bathonian–Early Callovian, (2) Late Bathonian–Early Oxfordian. These ages are compatible with recent stratigraphic synthesis proposed for the Jurassic series of Tunisia. The data suggest the correlation of the Jedidi formation with siliceous series of Middle–Late Jurassic age from the external zone of the Maghrebides belt rather than with true oceanic units from the Maghrebian flyschs or the internal zones of western Tethys. To cite this article: F. Cordey et al., C. R. Geoscience 337 (2005).
Published: 2005
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47. Pathotype diversification in the invasive PstS2 clonal lineage of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici causing yellow rust on durum and bread wheat in Lebanon and Syria in 2010–2011

Author: Claude de Vallavieille-Pope, Bochra A. Bahri, M. Leconte, Rola El Amil, Sajid Ali, K. Nazari, BIOlogie et GEstion des Risques en agriculture (BIOGER), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Lebanese Agricultural Research Institute (LARI), Bekaa, Lebanon, Institute of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering, the University of Agriculture, University of Georgia [USA], Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas [Turquie] (ICARDA), International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR)-Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research [CGIAR] (CGIAR), Borlaug Global Rust Initiative and Egide France, Innovation Fund Denmark, Ministry of Higher Education and Science, and RUSTFIGHT, Grant/Award Number: 11-116241
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Veterinary medicine, Lineage (genetic), CLONAGE POPULATIONS, INVASION, Population, Virulence, Plant Science, Horticulture, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Rust, 03 medical and health sciences, Genotype, Genetics, education, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, WHEAT YELLOW (STRIPE) RUST, Host (biology), SSR, PATHOTYPE, 030104 developmental biology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, VIRULENCE, Microsatellite, Puccinia striiformis, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: International audience; Yellow rust is the major wheat disease in central West Asia and North Africa. Recently, severe epidemics have occurred, with major yield losses in 2010–2011 in Lebanon and Syria. We conducted an extensive field survey, with a collection of 273 samples of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici , to explore the origin of these epidemics. All samples were genotyped with 20 microsatellite markers, and 54 isolates were pathotyped. The population was dominated by the PstS2 lineage, which has spread worldwide since 2000 and displays considerable pathotype diversity (10 pathotypes). The 22 multilocus genotypes (MLGs) detected corresponded to variants of the clonal lineage PstS2, but they differed from the common PstS2 genotype found in the worldwide study conducted between 1981 and 2010. No strong differentiation was observed between Lebanon and Syria. The dominant MLG in Syria was common to both countries. Nine MLGs were found exclusively in the Syrian population and four were restricted to the Lebanese population, including the dominant MLG in Lebanon. The predominant MLG‐11 was found in nine pathotypes, at high frequency. The dominant pathotype in Syria was virulent against widely deployed resistance genes (Yr2 , Yr6 , Yr7 , Yr9 , Yr25 , and Yr27 ); virulence against Yr3 , Yr8 , Yr17 , and YrSP occurred at various frequencies, but Yr1 , Yr4 , Yr5 , Yr10 , Yr15 , and Yr32 were effective against all isolates. No host effect was detected. The presence of diverse host populations consisting of landraces and elite varieties, and diverse climatic conditions may account for the unexpectedly high diversity of this clonal population.
Published: 2020
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48. Acute and chronic toxicity assessments of 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) on the calanoid copepod Acartia clausi: Effects on survival, development, sex-ratio and reproduction

Author: Delphine Bonnet, Mohamed Nejib Daly Yahia, Emna Djebbi, Emilie Farcy, Olivier Pringault, Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Qatar University, Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), MARine Biodiversity Exploitation and Conservation (UMR MARBEC), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)
Subjects: education.field_of_study, Environmental Engineering, biology, Lifespan, Hatching, Life cycle, Population, Zoology, Estrogens, Low concentration effect, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Acartia clausi, Acute toxicity, Toxicity, Environmental Chemistry, Egg hatching success, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, education, Lethal effect, Waste Management and Disposal, Chronic toxicity, Copepod, Sex ratio
Abstract: International audience; Estrogens, such as the 17β-estradiol (E2) and the 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), have been regarded as a global threat to aquatic ecosystems due to their pseudo-persistence, their high estrogenic activity and their toxicity towards non-target species. Data regarding their ecotoxicological effects on marine calanoid copepods are very scarce. In this study, the calanoid copepod Acartia clausi was used as a model organism for estrogens exposure in marine pelagic ecosystems. Lethal effects of estrogens on A. clausi life-stages (Embryos, one day old nauplii: N1, three day old nauplii: N3, copepodites: C1-C3 and adults: C6) were investigated using 48 h acute tests. Copepods showed stage-specific responses against E2 and EE2 acute exposure. The most resistant life stage was N1 with LC50 values > 1500 μg L-1 and >5000 μg L-1, respectively for E2 and EE2. For N3, C1-C3, and C6, sensitivity to estrogens decreased with age and survival was affected at concentrations above those detected in the environment reflecting low estrogens acute toxicity for these life stages. In contrast, embryonic stage revealed high vulnerability to E2 and EE2 acute effects. Embryos showed non-monotonic dose-response and hatching success was significantly reduced at low realistic concentrations of E2 (0.005, 0.5, and 5 μg L-1) and EE2 (0.05 and 5 μg L-1).Survival, development and sex ratio of A. clausi to EE2 exposure at 1 and 100 μg L-1 were also determined during a life cycle experiment. Fitness of the females of the generation F0 was evaluated by measuring lifespan, prosome length and egg production. The main observed effects were the decrease of females’ prosome length, the feminization of the population and the reduction of the egg production for the generation F0 at 100 μg L-1 of EE2. This concentration is above those reported in the environment indicating the tolerance of A. clausi to EE2 at environmentally relevant concentrations.
Published: 2022
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49. Notes on the biological development of the darkling beetle Blaps nefrauensis nefrauensis Seidlitz, 1893 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Author: R. Amari, Amor Hedfi, H. Tlili, M. Gammoudi, Mohammed Almalki, M. S. Achouri, B. Albogami, M. Ben Ali, Mohamed Salah Allagui, Faculté des Sciences de Gafsa, Université de Gafsa, University of Tunis El Manar, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université de Carthage - University of Carthage, Taif University, and Partenaires INRAE
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, animal structures, QH301-705.5, Science, estágios do ciclo de vida, 010607 zoology, Zoology, larvas de primeiro instar, larval ligula, 01 natural sciences, Late summer, Darkling beetle, lígula larval, Animals, Biology (General), life cycle stages, antenas larvais, first instar larvae, Larva, biology, Hatching, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, fungi, Pupa, Botany, Seta, Blaps nefrauensis nefrauensis, biology.organism_classification, Coleoptera, QL1-991, QK1-989, embryonic structures, Instar, Female, Seasons, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, larval antennae
Abstract: International audience; Several endemic species of Blaps occur in Tunisia, and the species Blaps nefrauensis nefrauensis has been reported in Moulares (urban zone in west-central Tunisia), where it lives and reproduces in home gardens and old buildings. The aim of this work is to study the life cycle of the darkling beetle, considering both field and laboratory rearing conditions. As a result, the beetle species has different developmental stages (egg, larva, prepupa, pupa, and adult) that last about 15 months. Each year during the same period, adults emerge (early summer) and expire (late autumn), larvae hatch (late summer) and pupate (early summer). There is only one generation per year. Females began laying eggs in late July. The eggs were ovoid, white, and about 2.7 mm in length and 1.5 mm in width. Embryogenesis took an average of nine days. The first instar larvae were at initially only 4.5 mm long and ivory white in color. A brief description of the newly egg hatched larva was provided; thus, the nerve fibers innervating the apical setae in the antennae and ligula were detected. Further light microscopic examination of the embryo before hatching from the egg pointed out that the antennal sensilla are protected during the embryogenesis stage.; Resumo Várias espécies endêmicas de Blaps ocorrem na Tunísia, e a espécie Blaps nefrauensis nefrauensis foi relatada em Moulares (zona urbana no centro-oeste da Tunísia), onde vive e se reproduz em jardins domésticos e prédios antigos. O objetivo deste trabalho é estudar o ciclo de vida do besouro escuro, considerando as condições de criação em campo e em laboratório. Como resultado, a espécie de besouro tem diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento (ovo, larva, prepupa, pupa e adulto) que duram cerca de 15 meses. Todos os anos, durante o mesmo período, os adultos emergem (início do verão) e expiram (final do outono), as larvas eclodem (final do verão) e se tornam pupas (início do verão). Existe apenas uma geração por ano. As fêmeas começaram a botar ovos no final de julho. Os ovos eram ovóides, brancos, com cerca de 2,7 mm de comprimento e 1,5 mm de largura. A embriogênese demorou em média nove dias. As larvas de primeiro instar tinham inicialmente apenas 4,5 mm de comprimento e uma cor branca marfim. Foi fornecida uma breve descrição da larva recém-eclodida; assim, as fibras nervosas que inervam as cerdas apicais nas antenas e ligulas foram detectadas. Um exame microscópico de luz posterior do embrião antes da eclosão do ovo mostrou que as sensilas antenais são protegidas durante o estágio de embriogênese.
Published: 2022
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50. Ammoides pusilla Essential Oil: A Potent Inhibitor of the Growth of Fusarium avenaceum and Its Enniatin Production

Author: Vessela Atanasova, Florence Richard-Forget, Manef Abderrabba, Souheib Oueslati, Yasmine Chakroun, Jean-Michel Savoie, Unité de recherche Mycologie et Sécurité des Aliments (MycSA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire Matériaux Molécules et Applications, IPEST, Université de Carthage (IPEST), and Université de Carthage - University of Carthage
Subjects: Fusarium, Fusarium avenaceum, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ammoides pusilla, Pharmaceutical Science, Organic chemistry, GC/MSMS, Article, Analytical Chemistry, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, QD241-441, law, mycotoxins, thymol, Drug Discovery, Food science, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Mycotoxin, Thymol, fungistatic activity, Essential oil, Mycelium, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, biology, Chemistry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, Spore, Fungicide, volatiles, Chemistry (miscellaneous), Molecular Medicine, Enniatin, GC/MS-MS
Abstract: Enniatins are mycotoxins produced by Fusarium species contaminating cereals and various agricultural commodities. The co-occurrence of these mycotoxins in large quantities with other mycotoxins such as trichothecenes and the possible synergies in toxicity could lead to serious food safety problems. Using the agar dilution method, Ammoides pusilla was selected among eight Tunisian plants for the antifungal potential of its essential oil (EO) on Fusarium avenaceum mycelial growth and its production of enniatins. Two EO batches were produced and analyzed by GC/MS-MS. Their activities were measured using both contact assays and fumigant tests (estimated IC50 were 0.1 µL·mL−1 and 7.6 µL·L−1, respectively). The A. pusilla EOs and their volatiles inhibited the germination of spores and the mycelial growth, showing a fungistatic but not fungicidal activity. The accumulation of enniatins was also significantly reduced (estimated IC50 were 0.05 µL·mL−1 for the contact assays and 4.2 µL·L−1 for the fumigation assays). The most active batch of EO was richer in thymol, the main volatile compound found. Thymol used as fumigant showed a potent fungistatic activity but not a significant antimycotoxigenic activity. Overall, our data demonstrated the bioactivity of A. pusilla EO and its high potential to control F. avenaceum and its enniatins production in agricultural commodities.
Published: 2021
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