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The aim of the research was to determine the effects of red ginseng root powder on performance, immune system, caecal microbial population and some blood parameters in broilers. A total of 224 daily Ross 308 male broiler chicks were divided into one control group and three experimental groups each containing 56 chicks. Red ginseng root powder was added to the diets of groups at the level of 0, 75, 150 and 225 mg/kg, respectively. The experimental period was 38 days. There were no differences in growth performance. Addition of 225 mg/kg of the red ginseng root powder increased the relative weight percentages of spleen and gizzard (P

The aim of the present study was to investigate the usage of thyme leaves and its effects on performance, some egg quality traits and humoral immunity in laying hens. A total of 108 laying hens aged 36 weeks were randomly assigned to three dietary groups for 16 weeks. Dried and ground (Thymus vulgaris L.) thyme leaves were used at the level of 0, 1 and 2% in the diets of groups. Feed intake, body weight, egg production, egg weight and egg quality characteristics were not affected by dietary thyme supplementation. Thyme supplementation at 2% resulted in beneficial effects in laying hens due to the lowering of yolk cholesterol and total saturated fatty acids concentration while increasing omega-3 fatty acids. Furthermore, the yolk malondialdehyde, blood serum cholesterol and triglycerides levels were reduced and antibody titers against SRBC were increased with 2% thyme supplementation. In conclusion, the results showed the antioxidative and hypolipidemic effects of thyme supplementation in laying hens along with improved humoral immune response without any negative effects on performance and egg quality characteristics.

This study was proposed to examine the effects of pine needles powder (Pinus brutia) supplementation on growth performance, breast meat composition, and antioxidant status in broilers fed linseed oil-based diets. For this purpose, a total of 210, Ross-308 1-day-old male broiler chicks were allocated to 5 experimental groups each containing 42 birds. Broilers were fed a linseed oil-based basal diet supplemented with 0% (control), 0.25% (P1), 0.50% (P2), 0.75% (P3), and 1% (P4) pine needles powder. During the 42-D feeding period, no significant differences were observed between experimental groups for body weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio; however, carcass yield was increased linearly with pine needles powder supplementation. No marked changes in the breast meat chemical composition were observed among experimental groups. Supplemental pine needles powder linearly decreased the malondialdehyde concentration in breast meat and liver tissues; however, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of breast meat samples remained unaffected. No significant variation was observed among experimental groups for superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in blood erythrocyte lysates, but blood serum total oxidation status tended to decrease with pine needles powder supplementation. In conclusion, results suggested that pine needles powder supplementation to broiler diets could be a viable option to improve the animal antioxidant status and meat oxidative stability; however, supplementation of Pinus brutia needles powder up to 1% into broiler diets was not sufficient to efficiently curb the fat-induced oxidation in meat. Further investigation is needed to determine the full antioxidant potential of pine needles powder supplementation in poultry by comparing different pine species, evaluating the bioavailability of their active compounds and determining most effective dietary concentration for broiler meat production without any adverse effects.

The aim of this experiment was to determine the effects of dietary sepiolite supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, blood parameters and rumen fluid metabolites in Merino cross breed lambs. For this purpose, a total of 21 weaned lambs, which were 3–3.5 months of age were allocated to one control group and two treatment groups each containing 7 lambs. The experiment lasted for a total of 90 days, of which the adaptation and experimental periods were 22 and 68 days, respectively. Pelleted alfalfa and concentrates were given to lambs individually. Concentrate diets of first and the second treatment groups were supplemented with 1 and 2% sepiolite as top dressed, respectively. There were no significant differences observed in body weights, body weight gains, hot and cold carcass yields, meat pH and meat composition among the groups. Relative weights of internal organs and carcass parts were also not affected by sepiolite supplementation. The addition of 1 and 2% sepiolite to the diets of animals increased the consumption of concentrates and total dry matter intake (P

Pekin ducks are easily reared in a wide range of conditions. As waterfowl, the growth, digestive system and visual perception of Pekin ducks are different to chickens. Generally, ducks are raised f...

Bu araştırma, yumurta tavuğu rasyonlarına sepiyolit ilavesinin 22 hafta süreyle performans, yumurta kalitesi ve bazı kan parametreleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla 38 haftalık yaşta 135 adet Lohmann Brown yumurta tavuğu 1 kontrol ve 2 deneme grubuna ayrılmıştır. Sepiyolit kontrol, birinci ve ikinci deneme gruplarının rasyonlarında sırasıyla % 0, 0.5 ve 1 olacak şekilde ilave edilmiştir. Sepiyolit ilavesi yem tüketimi, yumurta verimi, yumurta ağırlığı ve yemden yararlanmayı etkilememiştir. Rasyonlarda %1 düzeyinde sepiyolit kullanılmasıyla yumurta kırılma mukavemeti (p

Bu araştırma, gökkuşağı alabalıkları rasyonlarına farklı düzeylerde maya otolizatı ilavesinin performans, bazı kan parametreleri ve lizozim aktivitesi üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütüldü. Araştırmada hayvan materyali olarak ortalama ağırlıkları 35 g olan 180 adet gökkuşağı alabalığı (Oncorhynchus mykiss) kullanıldı. Deneme, her biri 60 adet hayvandan oluşan bir kontrol ve iki deneme olmak üzere toplam üç grup halinde yürütüldü. Her grup 20 balıktan oluşan üç alt gruba ayrıldı. Birinci ve ikinci deneme grupları rasyonlarına sırasıyla %0.1 ve %0.2 düzeylerinde maya otolizatı (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ilave edildi. Deneme sekiz hafta sürdürüldü. Deneme sonunda yemlerine maya otolizatı ilave edilen balıklarda canlı ağırlık ve spesifik büyüme hızı kontrol grubuna gore daha yüksek bulundu. Rasyonlarda maya otolizatı kullanımı yem dönüşüm oranını olumlu yönde etkiledi. Alabalık rasyonlarına maya otolizatı ilavesi deneme sonunda boy, kondisyon faktörü, serum lizozim aktivitesi, toplam protein ve kolesterol değerleri arasında farklılık yaratmadı, serum trigliserit düzeyi maya otolizatı ilavesi ile azaldı. Rasyonlarına maya otolizatı ilave edilmiş balıklara ait karaciğer lizozim düzeyleri kontrol grubundan yüksek bulundu (P0.05). Sonuç olarak, Gökkuşağı alabalık rasyonlarına maya otolizatı ilavesi performans, spesifik büyüme hızı ve karaciğer lizozim düzeyinde artış sağladığından etkili bir katkı maddesi olabileceği kanısına varıldı. Ayrıca maya otolizatının %0.1 ve %0.2 düzeyinde kullanılması arasında performans ve diğer parametreler bakımından bir farklılık gözlenmediğinden, Gökkuşağı alabalık rasyonlarında maya otolizatı %0.1 düzeyinde kullanılabilir, The aim of this study was to determine the effects of dietary yeast autolysate (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on performance characteristics, some blood parameters and lysozyme activity in rainbow trouts. A total of 180 rainbow trouts (Oncorhynchus mykiss) weighing approximately 35 g were used in this experiment. They were divided into one control group and two treatment groups each containing 60 fish. Each group was divided into three subgroups each containing 20 fish. The diets of the first and second treatment groups were supplemented with 0.1% and 0.2% yeast autolysates, respectively. The experimental period lasted for eight weeks. Fish, fed diets with yeast autolysate exhibited higher body weights and specific growth rates than those fed with control diet after eight weeks of experimental period. Feed conversion ratio was improved by dietary yeast autolysate. There were no significant differences among the groups on length, condition factor, serum lysozyme activity, serum total protein and serum cholesterol at the end of the experiment. Serum triglyceride levels decreased with yeast autolysate. Liver lysozyme level was higher in fish fed with diets including yeast autolysate than that of fed with control diet (P

This study was designed to investigate the effects of the usage of glycerol from biodiesel production from soybean oil in laying hen diets on laying performance, egg traits, heterophils to lymphocytes ratio (H/L), some blood parameters and antibody production to SRBC. A total of 180 Lohmann Brown laying hens 39 weeks of age were allocated to four dietary treatments with one control group and three treatment groups and fed for 16 weeks. Each group was divided into five replicates as subgroups, comprising of 9 hens each. Glycerol was used at the level of 2.5, 5 and 7.5% in the diets of the first, second and third treatment groups, respectively. The diets were formulated to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Dietary treatments did not significantly affect body weight, egg production, egg weight, feed efficiency, mortality, egg albumen index, egg yolk index and egg Haugh unit, yolk weight percentage, exterior egg quality characteristics, excreta moisture, H/L ratio, blood parameters and antibody production to SRBC. Hens fed diets with 7.5% glycerol consumed significantly less feed than those of the other groups. Egg yolk cholesterol concentration was significantly higher for hens fed diets with 5 and 7.5% glycerol as compared to those of the other groups (P

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary black cumin seed on performance, egg traits, egg cholesterol content and egg yolk fatty acid composition in laying hens during a 12 week period. For this purpose a total of 160 Lohmann Brown laying hens 36 weeks of age were allocated to four dietary treatments with one control group and three treatment groups. Black cumin seed (Nigella sativa L.) was used at the level of 5, 10 and 15 g kg−1 in the diets of the first, second and third treatment groups, respectively. RESULTS: Dietary treatments did not significantly affect body weight, feed intake, egg production, egg quality characteristics and blood parameters. Diets containing 10 and 15 g kg−1 black cumin seed increased egg weight (P < 0.01), improved feed efficiency (P < 0.01) and decreased egg yolk cholesterol, saturated fatty acids (% of total fatty acid methyl esters) and the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.05) compared to the diet of control group. CONCLUSION: Dietary black cumin seed at the level of 10 and 15 g kg−1 had beneficial effects on egg weight, feed efficiency, egg cholesterol content and egg yolk fatty acid composition. Therefore it can be used at the level of 10 and 15 g kg−1 in the diets of laying hens. Copyright © 2009 Society of Chemical Industry

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of garlic powder on the performance, egg traits and blood parameters of laying hens. One hundred and sixty-two SHSY-type brown layers aged 21 weeks were chosen at random from a large flock. They were allocated to three dietary treatments. Each treatment comprised six replicates of nine layers in groups of three. The diets were supplemented with 0, 5 and 10 g kg−1 garlic powder. The experimental period lasted 22 weeks. Garlic powder addition did not significantly affect body weight, egg production, feed consumption, feed efficiency, egg shell index, egg breaking strength, egg shell thickness, egg albumen index, egg yolk index, egg Haugh unit, egg yolk weight and serum protein concentration. Egg weight increased (P < 0.01) with garlic powder supplementation. There was a significant (P < 0.01) reduction in egg cholesterol concentration as mg g−1 yolk when the dietary level of garlic powder was increased from 0 to 10 g kg−1. Hen serum triglyceride (P < 0.05) and total cholesterol (P < 0.01) concentrations decreased with garlic powder supplementation. This study demonstrated that garlic powder addition increased egg weight and decreased egg yolk cholesterol concentration (mg g−1 yolk) and serum triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations without adverse effects on performance and egg traits. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry

WOS: 000342266000009, The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary yeast cell wall (YCW) on performance, egg quality, some blood parameters and humoral immune response of laying hens during 26 wks period. For this purpose a total of 225 Hyline Brown laying hens, 39 wks of age, were allocated to one control group and four treatment groups. Basal diet was supplemented with YCW derived from bakers yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (InteMOS) at the level of 1, 2, 3 and 4 g/kg in the diets of the first, second, third and fourth treatment groups, respectively. Dietary treatments did not significantly affect body weight, feed intake, egg production, egg weight, feed conversion, and egg internal and external quality characteristics. YCW supplementation at the level of 1 and 2 g/kg decreased egg yolk cholesterol level as mg per g yolk (P < 0.05). Blood serum levels of cholesterol and triglyceride were decreased with the dietary inclusion of YCW at the level of 2, 3 and 4 g/kg (P < 0.01). Dietary YCW supplementation increased antibody titres to SRBC (P < 0.01). As a result dietary YCW at the level of 1 and 2 g/kg had beneficial effects in the production of low cholesterol eggs and improvement in humoral immunity response., Integro Food and Feed Manufacturing Company (Istanbul, Turkey), This work was supported by Integro Food and Feed Manufacturing Company (Istanbul, Turkey).

WOS: 000344689400018, This study was carried out to determine the effects of dietary yeast cell wall supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, antibody production to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) and histopathological changes in broilers. A total of 272 Ross 308 male broiler chicks aged one day were allocated into one control group and three treatment groups each containing 68 chicks. A basal diet was supplemented with 0, 1, 2 and 3 g/kg yeast cell wall (InteMos) to obtain dietary treatments. The experimental period lasted 6 weeks. Dietary yeast cell wall increased body weight gain during the first three weeks (P, Integro Food and Feed Manufacturing Company (Istanbul, Turkey), The authors wish to thank Integro Food and Feed Manufacturing Company (Istanbul, Turkey) for supporting this study and Beypilic for supplying chicks (Bolu, Turkey).

WOS: 000294879500008, This study was conducted to determine the nutritive value of live yeast culture (RumiSacc, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) and to investigate its effects on milk yield, milk composition and some blood parameters in lactating cows. Six multiparous Holstein cows were allocated to two groups of three cows and assigned randomly to one of two diets in a cross-over experiment. Daily 50 g RumiSacc was top dressed at the p.m. feeding for the treatment group. RumiSacc supplied a high protein and energy with high organic matter digestibility values (83.35%) determined by in vitro enzymatic analysis. Yeast culture supplementation significantly increased milk yield, tended to increase fat yield, protein yield and lactose yield of milk. Methylated fatty acid level of 18:3 (n-3) in milk fat was increased by yeast culture supplementation. The concentrations of methionine, phenyalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan and taurine were significantly increased with dietary inclusion of yeast culture. Live yeast culture supplementation did not affect other performance characteristics, milk quality characteristics and blood parameters. As a conclusion live yeast culture (RumiSacc, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) had high nutritive value and positive effects on milk production and some milk quality characteristics in lactating cows under field conditions.

This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of different levels of yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation to the broiler turkey diets on the performance characteristics, some blood parameters and immune system. A total of 48 female poults aged five weeks were divided into one control group and three treatment groups each containing 12 female poults. The diets of the first, second and third treatment groups were supplemented with 1, 2 and 3 g/kg yeast culture (Diamond V “XP”, Saccharomyces cerevisiae), respectively. The experimental period lasted 10 weeks. At the end of the experiment body weight, body weight gain, feed consumption, feed efficiency, carcass yield, weights and rates of internal organs, abdominal fat and the values of pH and viscosity of small intestine of turkeys were not significantly affected by different levels of yeast culture. There were no significant differences among the groups in total protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase of blood serum and haemetological parameters. Immune system of turkeys was also not affected by dietary yeast culture. The results in this study demonstrated that yeast culture (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation at the levels of 1, 2 and 3 g/kg to the diets of female broiler turkeys did not have any significant effects on performance characteristics, some blood parameters and immune system., Bu araştırma, broyler dişi hindi rasyonlarına farklı düzeylerde maya kültürü (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ilavesinin hindilerde verim özellikleri, bazı kan parametreleri ve immun sistem üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Toplam 48 adet 5 haftalık dişi palazı her biri 12 adet palazdan meydana gelen 1 kontrol ve 3 deneme olmak üzere toplam 4 gruba ayrılmıştır. Birinci, ikinci ve üçüncü deneme grupları rasyonlarına sırasıyla 1, 2 ve 3 g/kg düzeylerinde maya kültürü (Diamond V “XP”, Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ilave edilmiştir. Deneme 10 hafta sürdürülmüştür. Araştırma sonunda rasyonlara farklı düzeylerde ilave edilen maya kültürünün hindilerde canlı ağırlık, canlı ağırlık artışı, yem tüketimi ve yemden yararlanma oranı üzerine önemli etkisi gözlenmemiştir. Rasyonlara maya kültürü ilavesi karkas randımanını, iç organ ağırlıklarını, abdominal yağ ağırlığı ile oranlarını, ince bağırsak pH'sı ve viskositesini etkilememiştir. Kan serumu toplam protein, kolesterol, trigliserit, ürik asit ALT, AST, ALP düzeyleri bakımından gruplar arasında istatistik önem taşıyan farklılık oluşmamıştır. Hindilerde maya kültürünün immun sistem üzerinde de herhangi bir önemli etkisi olmadığı görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, broyler dişi hindi rasyonlarına 1, 2 ve 3 g/kg düzeylerinde maya kültürü (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ilavesinin hindilerde verim özellikleri, bazı kan parametreleri, ince bağırsak pH’sı ve viskositesi ile immun sistem üzerinde önemli bir etkisi saptanmamıştır.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of dietary yeast autolysate on performance, egg traits, egg cholesterol content, egg yolk fatty acid composition, lipid oxidation of egg yolk, some blood parameters and humoral immune response of laying hens during a 16 week period. A total of 225 Hyline Brown laying hens, 22 weeks of age, were allocated equally to one control group and four treatment groups. Yeast autolysate (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, InteWall) was used at levels of 1, 2, 3 and 4 g kg−1 in the diets of the first, second, third and fourth treatment groups respectively. RESULTS: Dietary treatments did not significantly affect body weight, feed intake and egg traits. Yeast autolysate supplementation increased egg production (P < 0.001) and egg weight (P < 0.001) and improved feed efficiency (P < 0.05). Yeast autolysate at levels of 2, 3 and 4 g kg−1 decreased egg yolk cholesterol level as mg g−1 yolk (P < 0.01) and blood serum levels of cholesterol and triglyceride (P < 0.05) and increased antibody titres to sheep red blood cells (P < 0.01). Total saturated fatty acids and the ratio of saturated/unsaturated fatty acids increased (P < 0.01) and total monounsaturated fatty acids (P < 0.001) decreased with yeast autolysate supplementation. CONCLUSION: Dietary yeast autolysate at levels of 2, 3 and 4 g kg−1 had beneficial effects on performance, egg cholesterol content and humoral immune response. It is concluded that 2 g kg−1 yeast autolysate will be enough to have beneficial effects in laying hens. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary dried baker’s yeast on laying performance, egg traits and some blood parameters of quails. In the experiment a total of 342 Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) aged ten weeks were equally divided into six groups of 57 (three replicates of 19 quails each). Six levels (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20%) of dried baker’s yeast were included in isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets. The experimental period lasted 14 weeks. At the end of the experiment, there were no significant differences among the groups in body weight, feed intake, protein intake, egg production, feed efficiency, egg yolk index and egg haugh unit. Blood serum levels of total protein, triglyceride and cholesterol were not affected by dietary dried baker’s yeast. Diets containing 4 and 8% of dried baker’s yeast increased the egg weight significantly (p < 0.01). The inclusion of dried baker’s yeast at the level of 20% to the diets reduced egg shell thickness and egg albumen height. It is concluded that dried baker’s yeast can be used up to 16% in the diets of laying quails without adverse effects on the measured parameters.

This study was conducted to study the effects of dietary garlic powder on laying performance, egg traits and blood serum cholesterol level of quails. A total of three hundred quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) aged nine weeks were used. They were allocated to 3 dietary treatments. Each treatment comprised 5 replicates of 20 quails. The diets were supplemented with 0, 5 and 10 g/kg garlic powder. The experimental period lasted 21 weeks. The addition of garlic powder did not significantly affect body weight, egg production, feed consumption, feed efficiency, egg shell thickness, egg albumen index, egg yolk index and egg Haugh unit. Adding 5 and 10 g/kg garlic powder to the laying quail diets increased egg weight (p

WOS: 000231641800009, PubMed: 16156131, This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of using L-carnitine and humate alone or in combination in quail diets on laying performance, egg traits and blood parameters. A total of 280 Japanese quails aged 10 weeks, divided into one control group and three treatment groups, were used. The diets of the first, second and third treatment groups were supplemented with 100 mg L-carnitine/kg, 1.5 g humate (Farmagulator (R) Dry Plus)/kg and 100 mg L-camitine + 1.5 g humate/kg, respectively. The experimental period lasted 16 weeks. The addition of L-camitine and sodium humate alone or in combination did not significantly affect body weight, feed consumption, egg production, feed conversion ratio, mortality, egg-shell thickness, egg yolk index and the percentages of egg-shell, albumen and yolk. Egg weight increased (P < 0.001) with L-camitine supplementation. The values of egg albumen height (P < 0.05), egg albumen index (P < 0.01) and egg Haugh unit (P < 0.05) were increased with humate supplementation. Egg cholesterol content and blood serum parameters were not affected by the supplementation of L-camitine with or without humate. The results in this study demonstrated that L-carnitine supplementation increased egg weight while humate addition increased egg albumen index and egg Haugh unit of laying quails. However, the combined administration of L-camitine and humate did not have any significant effects on the parameters measured.

This study was carried out to determine the effeets of the usage of enzyme and avaparcin alone or ın combinaıionon pcrforınance. carcass yield and same blood parameters of quails. A total of 328 daily Japanese quail chicb (Coııırniı coıumi\jupoııiCil) were used in this experiment. They \'oae divided into 4 groups (I control and 3 treatment groups) eaclı containıng 82chıcb. Each group was divided into 2 replieate groups eontaining 41 ehieks. Experimental diets were suppleınented withroxazyme-G (I 000 ppm) and avaparcin (I 5 ppm) alone or in combination. The experimental period la,ted five weeks. Aı the end ofthe study there were no statistically differenees among the groups in live weight. earcass yield and total protein and total lipid value,of blood serıını. Feed consumption per one kg live weight gain of control group and i..2. and 3. treatment groups during trial \Vercdetermined as 3.06. 3. 18. 3.09 and 3. i()kg, respectively. It is eoncluded that the supplementation of roxazyme-G with or wiıhoutavaparcin to tlıe rations had no important effect on fattening performanee, earcass yield and total protein and total lipid valucs ofblood senım of quai Ls.

Summary: This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of the usage of L-carnitine in diets with different levels of energy on some productive characteristics and blood parameters of Japanese quail. A total of 204 quail chicks aged one week (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) were used. They were divided into four groups each containing 51 quail chicks. Diets having normal (3000 kcal/kg) and low (2700 kcal/kg) metabolizable energy level were supplemented with 0 and 100 mg/kg L-carnitine. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenic. The experimental period lasted five weeks. L-carnitine supplementation to the diets having normal energy level did not affect the live weight at the end of the experiment, total live weight gain, feed intake per one kg live weight gain and carcass yield but increased total feed intake (p

Bu araştırma % 5- iO düzeyinde fiğ içeren rasyonların )'ıımurtatavuklarında )'em tüketimi, yemden )'ararlanma, )'ıımurta verimi, .J'umurta kalitesi ve kan serum kalsiyum ve inorganik fosfor dÜZej'leri üzerine olan etkileriniincelemek amacryla .J'apıldı.Araştırmada toplam i50 adet 47 haftalık Hisex yumurta tipi, kahı'erengimelez taliuk kull'1nıldı. Araştırma her biri 50 adet taliuktan meydana gelen ikontrol, 2 deneme olmak üzere toplam 3 grup halinde )'ürütüldü. Araştırma 4 aysürdürüldü.Fiğin rasyond,z % iO düzeyinde bulunması yumurta taliuklarında yemtüketimi lie yumurta lierimini azaltmtl.Sına rağmen )'eın tüketimindeki azalmadaha fazıa olduğundan Ji.~in )'Cmden yararlanma derecesi üzerine olumlu etki)'aptığı görülmektedir. Yumurta özgül ağırlığımn % iO fiğ içeren grupta,yumurta sarı indeksinin ise % 5fiğ içeren grupta diğer gruplara nazaran dahafazla oldu,ğu ı!,ö'zlendi. Yumurta kalitesi ile ilgili dıiIer jjzellikler lie kan serumkalsi.J'um iJe inorganik fosfor düzeyleri bakımından gruplar arasında farklılıklar görülmedi. Ayrıca ras)'onlara katılan fiğin ."umurta taliuklarının sağlığıüzerine zararlı bir etkisi olmadı,ğı sapt:ındı