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1. School Scientific Argumentation Enriched by Digital Technologies: Results with Pre- and In-Service Science Teachers

Author: Garcia Romano, Leticia, Occelli, Maricel, and Adúriz-Bravo, Agustín
Abstract: This article focuses on the integration of argumentation and digital technologies in science teacher education. We present theoretical reflections, results of empirical research, and description of innovative experiences with pre- and in-service biology teachers. Regarding argumentation, we analyse what defending a claim in science entails for teachers, the teaching strategies they (would) use in the classroom in relation to argumentation, the relevance that they attribute to the performance of different tasks for arguing, the subject content where argumentation fits more suitably, and the reasons they would consider in favour of arguing in science classes. For the analysis of educational practices that involve use of technologies, we adopt a perspective that looks at their complexity and recognises teachers as their creative authors. We discuss the way in which teachers (would) use technologies in their practice, their expectations around this, and the foreseen results with students. Finally, we examine three innovative educational experiences already implemented, using argument maps, web-based inquiry, and a digital game. We look into the possibilities that these technological resources offer for teachers to analyse the argumentation levels reached by their students.
Published: 2021

2. Biophysical Treatment of Muscular Activity with a Collection of Homeworks

Author: Romano, Paola and Mandrone, Mario
Abstract: In this paper the muscular activity will be treated from a physical point of view, considering the main physical parameters that can be quantified. A brief and simple theoretical treatment will be followed by some homeworks for students. The problems have a difficulty degree typical of an undergraduate class, and the arguments have been chosen just as examples straddling biology and physics. The goal of this work is to train biological area students to use and handle quantitative methods.
Published: 2019
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3. Disentangling multiple sclerosis phenotypes through Mendelian disorders: A network approach.

Author: Bellucci, Gianmarco, Buscarinu, Maria Chiara, Reniè, Roberta, Rinaldi, Virginia, Bigi, Rachele, Mechelli, Rosella, Romano, Silvia, Salvetti, Marco, and Ristori, Giovanni
Subjects: MULTIPLE sclerosis, PHENOTYPES, RARE diseases, BIOLOGY, DRUG repositioning
Abstract: Background: The increasing knowledge about multiple sclerosis (MS) pathophysiology has reinforced the need for an improved description of disease phenotypes, connected to disease biology. Growing evidence indicates that complex diseases constitute phenotypical and genetic continuums with "simple," monogenic disorders, suggesting shared pathomechanisms. Objectives: The objective of this study was to depict a novel MS phenotypical framework leveraging shared physiopathology with Mendelian diseases and to identify phenotype-specific candidate drugs. Methods: We performed an enrichment testing of MS-associated variants with Mendelian disorders genes. We defined a "MS-Mendelian network," further analyzed to define enriched phenotypic subnetworks and biological processes. Finally, a network-based drug screening was implemented. Results: Starting from 617 MS-associated loci, we showed a significant enrichment of monogenic diseases (p < 0.001). We defined an MS-Mendelian molecular network based on 331 genes and 486 related disorders, enriched in four phenotypic classes: neurologic, immunologic, metabolic, and visual. We prioritized a total of 503 drugs, of which 27 molecules active in 3/4 phenotypical subnetworks and 140 in subnetwork pairs. Conclusion: The genetic architecture of MS contains the seeds of pathobiological multiplicities shared with immune, neurologic, metabolic and visual monogenic disorders. This result may inform future classifications of MS endophenotypes and support the development of new therapies in both MS and rare diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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4. IDH1 mutation is detectable in plasma cell-free DNA and is associated with survival outcome in glioma patients.

Author: Crucitta, Stefania, Pasqualetti, Francesco, Gonnelli, Alessandra, Ruglioni, Martina, Luculli, Giovanna Irene, Cantarella, Martina, Ortenzi, Valerio, Scatena, Cristian, Paiar, Fabiola, Naccarato, Antonio Giuseppe, Danesi, Romano, and Del Re, Marzia
Subjects: CELL-free DNA, SURVIVAL rate, BRAIN tumors, REGRESSION analysis, SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry), BIOLOGY, TUMOR grading
Abstract: Background: Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA, liquid biopsy) is a powerful tool to detect molecular alterations. However, depending on tumor characteristics, biology and anatomic localization, cfDNA detection and analysis may be challenging. Gliomas are enclosed into an anatomic sanctuary, which obstacles the release of cfDNA into the peripheral blood. Therefore, the advantages of using liquid biopsy for brain tumors is still to be confirmed. The present study evaluates the ability of liquid biopsy to detect IDH1 mutations and its correlation with survival and clinical characteristics of glioma patients. Methods: Blood samples obtained from glioma patients were collected after surgery prior to the adjuvant therapy. cfDNA was extracted from plasma and IDH1 p.R132H mutation analysis was performed on a digital droplet PCR. χ2-test and Cohen k were used to assess the correlation between plasma and tissue IDH1 status, while Kaplan Meier curve and Cox regression analysis were applied to survival analysis. Statistical calculations were performed by MedCalc and GraphPad Prism software. Results: A total of 67 samples were collected. A concordance between IDH1 status in tissue and in plasma was found (p = 0.0024), and the presence of the IDH1 mutation both in tissue (138.8 months vs 24.4, p < 0.0001) and cfDNA (116.3 months vs 35.8, p = 0.016) was associated with longer median OS. A significant association between IDH1 mutation both in tissue and cfDNA, age, tumor grade and OS was demonstrated by univariate Cox regression analysis. No statistically significant association between IDH1 mutation and tumor grade was found (p = 0.10). Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that liquid biopsy may be used in brain tumors to detect IDH1 mutation which represents an important prognostic biomarker in patients with different types of gliomas, being associated to OS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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5. Small extracellular vesicles from malignant ascites of patients with advanced ovarian cancer provide insights into the dynamics of the extracellular matrix

Author: Enrico Rampazzo, Giovanni Di Lorenzo, F. Buonomo, Chiara Ripepi, Francesco Valle, Stefania Biffi, Blendi Ura, Riccardo Addobbati, Barbara Bortot, Federico Romano, Maura Apollonio, Andrea Ridolfi, Marco Brucale, Giuseppe Ricci, Bortot B., Apollonio M., Rampazzo E., Valle F., Brucale M., Ridolfi A., Ura B., Addobbati R., Di Lorenzo G., Romano F., Buonomo F., Ripepi C., Ricci G., Biffi S., Bortot, B., Apollonio, M., Rampazzo, E., Valle, F., Brucale, M., Ridolfi, A., Ura, B., Addobbati, R., Di Lorenzo, G., Romano, F., Buonomo, F., Ripepi, C., Ricci, G., and Biffi, S.
Subjects: Proteomics, Cancer Research, extracellular matrix, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, chemotherapy, Extracellular matrix, ascites, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, fibronectin, Cell Line, Tumor, Ascites, Genetics, medicine, Humans, RC254-282, Research Articles, 030304 developmental biology, Ovarian Neoplasms, 0303 health sciences, biology, Chemistry, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Cancer, General Medicine, medicine.disease, extracellular vesicles, ovarian cancer, Fibronectin, ascite, Oncology, Tumor progression, Cell culture, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, Cancer research, biology.protein, Molecular Medicine, extracellular vesicle, medicine.symptom, Ovarian cancer, Research Article
Abstract: The exact role of malignant ascites in the development of intraperitoneal metastases remains unclear, and the mechanisms by which extracellular vesicles (EVs) promote tumor progression in the pre‐metastatic niche have not been fully discovered. In this study, we characterized ascites from high‐grade epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Small‐EVs (30–150 nm) were isolated from two sources—the bulk ascites and the ascitic fluid‐derived tumor cell cultures—and assessed with a combination of imaging, proteomic profiling, and protein expression analyses. In addition, Gene Ontology and pathway analysis were performed using different databases and bioinformatic tools. The results proved that the small‐EVs derived from the two sources exhibited significantly different stiffness and size distributions. The bulk ascitic fluid‐derived small‐EVs were predominantly involved in the complement and coagulation cascade. Small‐EVs derived from ascites cell cultures contained a robust proteomic profile of extracellular matrix remodeling regulators, and we observed an increase in transforming growth factor‐β‐I (TGFβI), plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI‐1), and fibronectin expression after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. When measured in the two sources, we demonstrated that fibronectin exhibited opposite expression patterns in small‐EVs in response to chemotherapy. These findings highlight the importance of an ascites cell isolation workflow in investigating the treatment‐induced cancer adaption processes., The mechanisms by which extracellular vesicles (EVs) promote ovarian cancer progression in the pre‐metastatic niche have not been fully discovered. This study showed that sampling ascites before and after chemotherapy allows characterizing small‐EVs released by tumor cells, reflecting their biological status. Small‐EVs derived from ascitic fluid‐derived tumor cell cultures contained a robust proteomic profile of extracellular matrix remodeling regulators.
Published: 2021

6. Plant Immunophilins: Functional Versatility beyond Protein Maturation

Author: Romano, Patrick, Gray, Julie, Horton, Peter, and Luan, Sheng
Published: 2005

7. Compensatory recruitment allows amphibian population persistence in anthropogenic habitats

Author: Hugo Cayuela, Benjamin Monod-Broca, Jean-François Lemaître, Aurélien Besnard, Jérôme M. W. Gippet, Benedikt R. Schmidt, Antonio Romano, Thomas Hertach, Claudio Angelini, Stefano Canessa, Giacomo Rosa, Leonardo Vignoli, Alberto Venchi, Marco Carafa, Filippo Giachi, Andrea Tiberi, Alena M. Hantzschmann, Ulrich Sinsch, Emilie Tournier, Eric Bonnaire, Günter Gollmann, Birgit Gollmann, Annemarieke Spitzen-van der Sluijs, Holger Buschmann, Thierry Kinet, Arnaud Laudelout, Remi Fonters, Yoann Bunz, Marc Corail, Carlo Biancardi, Anna R. Di Cerbo, Dominique Langlois, Jean-Marc Thirion, Laurent Bernard, Elodie Boussiquault, Florian Doré, Titouan Leclerc, Nadine Enderlin, Florian Laurenceau, Lucy Morin, Mégane Skrzyniarz, Mickael Barrioz, Yohan Morizet, Sam S. Cruickshank, Julian Pichenot, Andreas Maletzky, Thibaut Delsinne, Dominik Henseler, Damien Aumaître, Miguel Gailledrat, Julien Moquet, Robert Veen, Peter Krijnen, Laurent Rivière, Matteo Trenti, Sonia Endrizzi, Paolo Pedrini, Marta Biaggini, Stefano Vanni, David Dudgeon, Jean-Michel Gaillard, Jean-Paul Léna, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Ecology and Evolution [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Équipe 4 - Écophysiologie, Comportement, Conservation (E2C), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cayuela, H., Monod-Broca, B., Lemaitre, J. -F., Besnard, A., Gippet, J. M. W., Schmidt, B. R., Romano, A., Hertach, T., Angelini, C., Canessa, S., Rosa, G., Vignoli, L., Venchi, A., Carafa, M., Giachi, F., Tiberi, A., Hantzschmann, A. M., Sinsch, U., Tournier, E., Bonnaire, E., Gollmann, G., Gollmann, B., Spitzen-Van der Sluijs, A., Buschmann, H., Kinet, T., Laudelout, A., Fonters, R., Bunz, Y., Corail, M., Biancardi, C., Di Cerbo, A. R., Langlois, D., Thirion, J. -M., Bernard, L., Boussiquault, E., Dore, F., Leclerc, T., Enderlin, N., Laurenceau, F., Morin, L., Skrzyniarz, M., Barrioz, M., Morizet, Y., Cruickshank, S. S., Pichenot, J., Maletzky, A., Delsinne, T., Henseler, D., Aumaitre, D., Gailledrat, M., Moquet, J., Veen, R., Krijnen, P., Riviere, L., Trenti, M., Endrizzi, S., Pedrini, P., Biaggini, M., Vanni, S., Dudgeon, D., Gaillard, J. -M., and Lena, J. -P.
Subjects: senescence, Multidisciplinary, Animal Ecology and Physiology, Anthropogenic Effects, Population Dynamics, Biodiversity, survival, Europe, recruitment, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Animals, 570 Life sciences, biology, amphibian, Anura, global change, 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
Abstract: Habitat anthropization is a major driver of global biodiversity decline. Although most species are negatively affected, some benefit from anthropogenic habitat modifications by showing intriguing life-history responses. For instance, increased recruitment through higher allocation to reproduction or improved performance during early-life stages could compensate for reduced adult survival, corresponding to “compensatory recruitment”. To date, evidence of compensatory recruitment in response to habitat modification is restricted to plants, limiting understanding of its importance as a response to global change. We used the yellow-bellied toad ( Bombina variegata ), an amphibian occupying a broad range of natural and anthropogenic habitats, as a model species to test for and to quantify compensatory recruitment. Using an exceptional capture–recapture dataset composed of 21,714 individuals from 67 populations across Europe, we showed that adult survival was lower, lifespan was shorter, and actuarial senescence was higher in anthropogenic habitats, especially those affected by intense human activities. Increased recruitment in anthropogenic habitats fully offset reductions in adult survival, with the consequence that population growth rate in both habitat types was similar. Our findings indicate that compensatory recruitment allows toad populations to remain viable in human-dominated habitats and might facilitate the persistence of other animal populations in such environments.
Published: 2022

8. Halting the Spread of Herpes Simplex Virus-1: The Discovery of an Effective Dual αvβ6/αvβ8 Integrin Ligand

Author: Stefano Tomassi, Francesco Saverio Di Leva, Giovanna Musco, Salvatore Di Maro, Horst Kessler, Michael Weinmüller, Tatiana Gianni, Barbara Romano, Jussara Amato, Giacomo Quilici, Ettore Novellino, Angelo A. Izzo, Andrea Vannini, Florian Reichart, Vincenzo Maria D'Amore, Luciana Marinelli, Tomassi, S., D'Amore, V. M., Di Leva, F. S., Vannini, A., Quilici, G., Weinmuller, M., Reichart, F., Amato, J., Romano, B., Izzo, A. A., Di Maro, S., Novellino, E., Musco, G., Gianni, T., Kessler, H., Marinelli, L., Tomassi S., D'Amore V.M., Di Leva F.S., Vannini A., Quilici G., Weinmuller M., Reichart F., Amato J., Romano B., Izzo A.A., Di Maro S., Novellino E., Musco G., Gianni T., Kessler H., and Marinelli L.
Subjects: Integrins, Small interfering RNA, Molecular model, Integrin, Peptide, Herpesvirus 1, Human, Integrin ligand, Ligands, medicine.disease_cause, Peptides, Cyclic, 01 natural sciences, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, HEK293 Cell, Antigens, Neoplasm, Drug Discovery, medicine, Humans, 030304 developmental biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Infectivity, 0303 health sciences, Binding Sites, biology, Binding Site, Virus Internalization, Combined approach, ddc, 0104 chemical sciences, Cell biology, Molecular Docking Simulation, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, HEK293 Cells, Herpes simplex virus, chemistry, biology.protein, Oligopeptide, Molecular Medicine, Oligopeptides, Human, Protein Binding
Abstract: Over recent years, αvβ6 and αvβ8 Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) integrins have risen to prominence as interchangeable co-receptors for the cellular entry of herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1). In fact, the employment of subtype-specific integrin-neutralizing antibodies or gene-silencing siRNAs has emerged as a valuable strategy for impairing HSV infectivity. Here, we shift the focus to a more affordable pharmaceutical approach based on small RGD-containing cyclic pentapeptides. Starting from our recently developed αvβ6-preferential peptide [RGD-Chg-E]-CONH2 (1), a small library of N-methylated derivatives (2–6) was indeed synthesized in the attempt to increase its affinity toward αvβ8. Among the novel compounds, [RGD-Chg-(NMe)E]-CONH2 (6) turned out to be a potent αvβ6/αvβ8 binder and a promising inhibitor of HSV entry through an integrin-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, the renewed selectivity profile of 6 was fully rationalized by a NMR/molecular modeling combined approach, providing novel valuable hints for the design of RGD integrin ligands with the desired specificity profile.
Published: 2021

9. Cell stemness, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and immunoevasion: Intertwined aspects in cancer metastasis

Author: Paolo D'Arrigo, Vincenza Vigorito, Maria Fiammetta Romano, Simona Romano, Salvatore Russo, Martina Tufano, Romano, Simona, Tufano, M, D'Arrigo, P, Vigorito, V, Russo, S, and Romano, Mf
Subjects: PD-L1, 0301 basic medicine, Cancer Research, Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition, medicine.medical_treatment, Cell, B7-H1 Antigen, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune system, Cancer immunotherapy, Neoplasms, Tumor Microenvironment, medicine, Humans, Epithelial–mesenchymal transition, Neoplasm Metastasis, Cell Death, biology, Mesenchymal phenotype, Mesenchymal stem cell, Cancer, medicine.disease, Killer Cells, Natural, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cancer stemne, Cancer cell, Disease Progression, Neoplastic Stem Cells, biology.protein, Cancer research, Immunoevasion, Tumor Escape, Disease Susceptibility
Abstract: Recent advances in tumor immunology, fostered by dramatic outcomes with cancer immunotherapy, have opened new scenarios in cancer metastasis. The cancer stemness/mesenchymal phenotype and an excess of immune suppressive signals are emerging as Intertwined aspects of human tumors. This review examines recent studies that explored the mechanistic links between cancer cell stemness and immunoevasion, and the evidence points to these key events in cancer metastasis as two sides of the same coin. This review also covers the mechanisms involved in tumor expression of programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1), a major factor exploited by human neoplasias to suppress immune control. We highlight the convergence of mesenchymal traits and PD-L1 expression and examine the functions of this immune inhibitory molecule, which confers cancer cell resistance and aggressiveness.
Published: 2020

10. Effects of supercritical and liquid carbon dioxide extraction on hemp ( Cannabis sativa L.) seed oil

Author: Raffaele Romano, Alessandra Aiello, Fabiana Pizzolongo, Paolo Masi, Annalisa Romano, Giorgio Scognamiglio, Aiello, Alessandra, Pizzolongo, Fabiana, Scognamiglio, Giorgio, Romano, Annalisa, Masi, Paolo, and Romano, Raffaele
Subjects: Chromatography, Supercritical carbon dioxide, biology, 010401 analytical chemistry, Extraction (chemistry), 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, biology.organism_classification, 040401 food science, 01 natural sciences, Hexanal, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Supercritical fluid, 0104 chemical sciences, Solvent, Hexane, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, chemistry, Polyphenol, Aroma, Food Science
Abstract: The increase in the popularity of hemp-based products is mainly linked to the presence of non-psychoactive cannabinoids that provide relief from aches, pain and anxiety. In this study, hemp seed oils were produced by two innovative and environmentally friendly extraction techniques: supercritical and liquid carbon dioxide (CO2) extraction. The chemical composition of the two oils was analysed and compared with that of a control oil obtained by solvent (n-hexane) extraction. Both oils obtained by liquid and supercritical CO2 extraction presented interesting compositions: they contained large amounts of cannabinoids, polyphenols and tocopherols and were less oxidised than the control and contained a large amount of hexanal, which provided a pleasant aroma. The maximum cannabinoid content was found in the oil obtained by liquid CO2 extraction (71.51 mg of cannabidiol per kg of oil and 113.92 mg of cannabinol per kg of oil). Carotenoids were prevalent in the oil obtained by supercritical CO2 extraction (61.00 mg kg 1 of oil).
Published: 2020

11. Modeling pulmonary cystic fibrosis in a human lung airway-on-a-chip

Author: Ratnakar Potla, Chaitra Belgur, Mark Cartwright, Amanda Jiang, Mercy Soong, Donald E. Ingber, Renee N. Travis, Haiqing Bai, Roberto Plebani, Alexandre L. M. Dinis, Sarah E. Gilpin, Rachelle Prantil-Baun, Pawan Jolly, Zohreh Izadifar, and Mario R. Romano
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Cystic Fibrosis, Mucociliary clearance, Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator, Inflammation, Cystic fibrosis, Proinflammatory cytokine, Lab-On-A-Chip Devices, medicine, Humans, Respiratory system, Lung, Cells, Cultured, biology, business.industry, Endothelial Cells, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Mucus, Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, respiratory tract diseases, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, biology.protein, medicine.symptom, Airway, business
Abstract: Background Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), which results in impaired airway mucociliary clearance, inflammation, infection, and respiratory insufficiency. The development of new therapeutics for CF are limited by the lack of reliable preclinical models that recapitulate the structural, immunological, and bioelectrical features of human CF lungs. Methods We leveraged organ-on-a-chip technology to develop a microfluidic device lined by primary human CF bronchial epithelial cells grown under an air-liquid interface and interfaced with pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (CF Airway Chip) exposed to fluid flow. The responses of CF and healthy Airway Chips were analyzed in the presence or absence of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and the bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Results The CF Airway Chip faithfully recapitulated many features of the human CF airways, including enhanced mucus accumulation, increased cilia density, and a higher ciliary beating frequency compared to chips lined by healthy bronchial epithelial cells. The CF chips also secreted higher levels of IL-8, which was accompanied by enhanced PMN adhesion to the endothelium and transmigration into the airway compartment. In addition, CF Airway Chips provided a more favorable environment for Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth, which resulted in enhanced secretion of inflammatory cytokines and recruitment of PMNs to the airway. Conclusions The human CF Airway Chip may provide a valuable preclinical tool for pathophysiology studies as well as for drug testing and personalized medicine.
Published: 2022

12. Strongly structured populations and reproductive habitat fragmentation increase the vulnerability of the Mediterranean starry ray <scp> Raja asterias </scp> (Elasmobranchii, Rajidae)

Author: Giusy Catalano, Alessia Cariani, Chiara Manfredi, Mancusi Cecilia, Serena Fabrizio, Valentina Crobe, Cannas Rita, Titone Antonino, Sion Letizia, Baino Romano, Melis Riccardo, Carugati Laura, Scarcella Giuseppe, Fausto Tinti, Alice Ferrari, Hemida Farid, Marco Stagioni, Massi Daniela, and Giusy Catalano, Valentina Crobe, Alice Ferrari, Romano Baino, Daniela Massi, Antonino Titone, Cecilia Mancusi, Fabrizio Serena, Rita Cannas, Laura Carugati, Farid Hemida, Chiara Manfredi, Riccardo Melis, Giuseppe Scarcella, Letizia Sion, Marco Stagioni, Fausto Tinti, Alessia Cariani
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, Mitochondrial DNA, Habitat fragmentation, Ecology, biology, Vulnerability, Zoology, Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, Bycatch, bycatch, connectivity, microsatellite loci, mitochondrial DNA, nursery areas, Elasmobranchii, Microsatellite, Raja asterias, Nature and Landscape Conservation
Abstract: 1. The Mediterranean starry ray (Raja asterias) populations within the Mediterranean Sea are susceptible to high rates of bycatch in the multispecies trawl fisheries. Understanding its population structure and identifying critical habitats are crucial for assessing species vulnerability and setting the groundwork for specific management measures to prevent population decline. 2. To assess the population structure of R. asterias in the Mediterranean, the genetic variation in nine population samples at one mitochondrial marker and eight nuclear microsatellite loci was analysed. Moreover, 172 egg cases collected in the Strait of Sicily were identified at species level using integrated molecular and morphological approaches. 3. Genetic analyses revealed that the Mediterranean starry ray comprises three distinct units inhabiting the western, the central-western, and the central-eastern areas of the Mediterranean. An admixture zone occurs in the Strait of Sicily and the Ionian Sea, where individuals of the central-western and central-eastern population units intermingle. 4. The joint morphometric–genetic analyses of rajid egg cases confirmed the presence of more than one species in the admixture area, with a predominance of egg cases laid by R. asterias. DNA barcoding revealed that egg cases and embryos of R. asterias shared several haplotypes with adult individuals from the centralwestern and central-eastern Mediterranean Sea, revealing that females of both populations laid numerous eggs in this area. 5. According to these findings, detailed taxonomic determination of egg cases, when combined with seasonal migration studies, could improve the capability to identify important spawning or nursery areas for the Mediterranean starry ray, particularly in those admixture zones relevant to maintaining genetic diversity. 6. Finally, these new insights should be considered to update the Action Plan for the Conservation of Cartilaginous Fishes in the Mediterranean Sea with effective measures to reduce the impact of skate bycatch in trawling and safeguard egg cases in nursery areas.
Published: 2021

13. PD-L1 Expression Fluctuates Concurrently with Cyclin D in Glioblastoma Cells

Author: Laura Marrone, Massimo D'Agostino, Paolo D'arrigo, Elena Cesaro, Maria Romano, Martina Tufano, Carolina Giordano, Simona Romano, Tufano, M., D'Arrigo, P., D'Agostino, M., Giordano, C., Marrone, L., Cesaro, E., Romano, M. F., and Romano, S.
Subjects: PD-L1, QH301-705.5, Cyclin D, Cell, Biology, Article, B7-H1 Antigen, Brain Neoplasm, Cyclin D1, Western blot, Cell Line, Tumor, Gene expression, medicine, Humans, Biology (General), Cell Proliferation, medicine.diagnostic_test, Brain Neoplasms, Cell growth, General Medicine, Fibroblasts, Flow Cytometry, Molecular biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, FKBP51, Cell culture, biology.protein, Fibroblast, Glioblastoma
Abstract: Despite Glioblastoma (GBM) frequently expressing programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), treatment with anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD1) has not yielded brilliant results. Intratumor variability of PD-L1 can impact determination accuracy. A previous study on mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) reported a role for cyclin-D in control of PD-L1 expression. Because tumor-cell growth within a cancer is highly heterogeneous, we looked at whether PD-L1 and its cochaperone FKBP51s were influenced by cell proliferation, using U251 and SF767 GBM-cell-lines. PD-L1 was measured by Western blot, flow cytometry, confocal-microscopy, quantitative PCR (qPCR), CCND1 by qPCR, FKBP51s by Western blot and confocal-microscopy. Chromatin-Immunoprecipitation assay (xChIp) served to assess the DNA-binding of FKBP51 isoforms. In the course of cell culture, PD-L1 appeared to increase concomitantly to cyclin-D on G1/S transition, to decrease during exponential cell growth progressively. We calculated a correlation between CCND1 and PD-L1 gene expression levels. In the temporal window of PD-L1 and CCND1 peak, FKBP51s localized in ER. When cyclin-D declined, FKBP51s went nuclear. XChIp showed that FKBP51s binds CCND1 gene in a closed-chromatin configuration. Our finding suggests that the dynamism of PD-L1 expression in GBM follows cyclin-D fluctuation and raises the hypothesis that FKBP51s might participate in the events that govern cyclin-D oscillation.
Published: 2021

14. Hip Injury Profile and Time Missed From Participation in Male National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Baseball Athletes

Author: Aryan Haratian, Seth C. Gamradt, Russ Romano, Michael B. Eppler, Alexander E. Weber, Laith K Hasan, Hyunwoo P Kang, James E. Tibone, Ioanna K Bolia, and Jennifer A Bell
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, biology, Athletes, business.industry, Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, biology.organism_classification, Physical therapy, Medicine, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Hip injury, Association (psychology), business
Abstract: Context: It is important to examine hip injury characteristics in baseball athletes in order to develop injury-specific prevention protocols. There is currently a lack of literature regarding collegiate baseball athletes. Objective: To report the hip injury characteristics and time missed from sport participation in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I baseball players over a period of 5 years. Results: Forty-seven hip–groin injuries were recorded in 30 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I baseball players. Pitchers had the highest number of hip–groin injuries (24/47, 51%), and outfielders had the longest time missed from baseball participation (33 days on average). The two most common types of hip–groin injuries were femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (14/47, 30%) and hip adductor strain (14/47, 30%). Days missed from baseball participation was 4.5 days (range: 4–7) for short-term injuries and 90 days (range: 46–131) for long-term injuries. Interpretations: Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and adductor muscle strain were the predominant diagnoses in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I baseball players with hip–groin injury; short-term injuries resulted in ∼5 days missed but recovery from a long-term injury took ∼3 months. Pitchers had the highest number of injuries (including adductor strain and femoroacetabular impingement syndrome).
Published: 2022

15. Component-based structural equation modeling for the assessment of psycho-social aspects and performance of athletes

Author: Domenico Vistocco, Maria Iannario, Rosaria Romano, Rosa Fabbricatore, Fabbricatore, R., Iannario, M., Romano, R., and Vistocco, D.
Subjects: Statistics and Probability, Economics and Econometrics, biology, Athletes, Applied Mathematics, Validity, Cognition, Component-based structural equation model, Latent and emergent variable, PLS-PM, biology.organism_classification, Structural equation modeling, Modeling and Simulation, Partial least squares path modeling, Measurement invariance, Athletes’ performance, Big Five personality traits, Construct (philosophy), Psychology, Social Sciences (miscellaneous), Analysis, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: Recent studies have pointed out the effect of personality traits on athletes’ performance and success; however, fewer analyses have focused the relation among these features and specific athletic behaviors, skills, and strategies to enhance performance. To fill this void, the present paper provides evidence on what personality traits mostly affect athletes’ mental skills and, in turn, their effect on the performance of a sample of elite swimmers. The main findings were obtained by exploiting a component-based structural equation modeling which allows to analyze the relationships among some psychological constructs, measuring personality traits and mental skills, and a construct measuring sports performance. The partial least squares path modeling was employed, as it is the most recognized method among the component-based approaches. The introduced method simultaneously encompasses latent and emergent variables. Rather than focusing only on objective behaviors or game/race outcomes, such an approach evaluates variables not directly observable related to sport performance, such as cognition and affect, considering measurement error and measurement invariance, as well as the validity and reliability of the obtained latent constructs. The obtained results could be an asset to design strategies and interventions both for coaches and swimmers establishing an innovative use of statistical methods for maximizing athletes’ performance and well-being.
Published: 2021

16. Potential application of lactic acid bacteria in the biopreservation of red grape from mycotoxigenic fungi

Author: Carlos Luz, Jorge Calpe, Jordi Mañes, Juan Manuel Quiles, Victor Dopazo, Raffaele Romano, Giuseppe Meca, Dopazo, Victor, Luz, Carlo, Quiles, Juan M, Calpe, Jorge, Romano, Raffaele, Mañes, Jordi, and Meca, Giuseppe
Subjects: Ochratoxin A, Food Contamination, chemistry.chemical_compound, Food Preservation, Vitis, Lactic Acid, Food science, Agar diffusion test, Botrytis cinerea, Nutrition and Dietetics, biology, fungi, Fungi, food and beverages, biology.organism_classification, Biopreservation, Fungicides, Industrial, Lactic acid, Alimentació, Fungicide, chemistry, Fruit, Pyrazines, Lactates, Fermentation, Agronomy and Crop Science, Lactobacillus plantarum, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract: Background Filamentous fungi are the main contamination agent in the viticultural sector. Use of synthetic fungicides is the regular answer to these contaminations. Nevertheless, due to several problems associated with the use of synthetic compounds the industry demands new and safer methods. In the present work, the biopreservation potential of four lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains was studied against the principal grape contaminant fungi. Results Agar diffusion test evidenced that all four culture-free supernatant (CFS) had antifungal properties against all tested fungi. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) test values evidenced that media fermented by the Lactobacillus plantarum E3 and Lactobacillus plantarum E4 strains showed the highest antifungal activity, resulting in an MFC from 6.3 to 100 g L-1 . Analysis of CFS evidenced the presence of different antifungal compounds, such as lactic acid, phenyllactic acid and pyrazines. In tests on red grapes, an average reduction of 1.32 Log10 of the spores per gram of fruit was achieved by all CFS in grapes inoculated with Aspergillus ochraceous and by 0.94 Log10 for L. plantarum E3 CFS against Botrytis cinerea. Conclusion The antifungal activity of the fermented CFS by L. plantarum E3 reduced the growth of B. cinerea and A. ochraceous in grapes, which are the main contaminant and main productor of ochratoxin A in these crops, respectively. Therefore, based on the results obtained in this work use of the strain L. plantarum E3 can be an interesting option for the biopreservation of grapes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Published: 2021

17. Interaction of gravitropism and phototropism in roots of Brassica oleracea

Author: Malgorzata Ciska, Fiore Capozzi, Raúl Herranz, Maurizio Iovane, Luigi Gennaro Izzo, Giovanna Aronne, F. Javier Medina, Lucius Wilhelminus Franciscus Muthert, Aránzazu Manzano, Leone Ermes Romano, John Z. Kiss, Jack J. W. A. van Loon, Maxillofacial Surgery (AMC + VUmc), European Space Agency, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Izzo, Luigi Gennaro, Romano, Leone Ermes, Iovane, Maurizio, Capozzi, Fiore, Manzano, Aranzazu, Ciska, Malgorzata, Herranz, Raúl, Medina, F. Javier, Kiss, John Z., van Loon, Jack JWA, Aronne, Giovanna, AMS - Ageing & Vitality, AMS - Musculoskeletal Health, Izzo, Luigi Gennaro [0000-0001-5722-2497], Romano, Leone Ermes [0000-0002-2858-7814], Iovane, Maurizio [0000-0002-7084-3885], Capozzi, Fiore [0000-0002-9076-7701], Manzano, Aranzazu [0000-0002-0150-0803], Ciska, Malgorzata [0000-0002-6514-9493], Herranz, Raúl [0000-0002-0246-9449], Medina, F. Javier [0000-0002-0866-7710], Kiss, John Z. [0000-0003-1326-127X], van Loon, Jack JWA [0000-0001-9051-6016], and Aronne, Giovanna [0000-0002-4800-7901]
Subjects: Physics, Gravity (chemistry), Hypergravity, biology, Random positioning machine, Simulated microgravity, Gravitropism, Plant Science, biology.organism_classification, Curvature, Light intensity, Root tropisms, Biophysics, Brassica oleracea, Phototropism, Agronomy and Crop Science, Red light, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Blue light, Light quality
Abstract: 24 p.-9 fig., Gravitropism and phototropism play a primary role in orienting root growth. Tropistic responses of roots mediated by gravity and light have been extensively investigated, and a complex mutual interaction occurs between these two tropisms. To date, most studies have been conducted in 1 g, microgravity, or simulated microgravity, whereas no studies investigated root phototropism in hypergravity. Therefore, we studied the effects of several gravity treatments with those of different light wavelengths on root growth orientation. Here, we report growth and curvature of Brassica oleracea roots under different g levels, from simulated microgravity up to 20 g, and unilateral illumination with different spectral treatments provided by light emitting diodes. Microgravity was simulated with a random positioning machine whereas hypergravity conditions were obtained using the Large Diameter Centrifuge at the laboratories of the European Space Agency in the Netherlands. Four light treatments (white light, blue light, red light, and dark) were used in this study. Overall, roots of seedlings grown in the dark were longer than those developed under unilateral light treatments, regardless of the gravity level. Unilateral blue light or white light stimulated a negative phototropism of roots under all g levels, and root curvature was not affected by either hypergravity or simulated microgravity compared to 1 g. Results also confirmed previous findings on the effect of light intensity on root curvature and highlighted the relevance of blue-light photon flux density in root phototropism. Roots illuminated with red light showed a weak curvature in simulated microgravity but not in hypergravity. Moreover, root curvature under red light was similar to dark-grown roots in all g levels, suggesting a possible involvement of surface-dependent phenomena in root skewing under either red light or dark conditions. Further studies can confirm phototropic responses of B. oleracea in the weightless environment of orbiting spacecraft. Nevertheless, according to our findings, directional lighting represents an effective stimulus to guide root growth in a wide range of gravity conditions., This work was supported by the ESA-HRE CORA contract #4000127705/19/NL/PG/pt. Financial support was also provided by ESA-TEC contract #4000116223/16/NL/KML/hh to Jack J.W.A. van Loon, by Spanish Agencia Estatal de Investigación (Grant RTI2018-099309-B-I00, co-funded by EU- ERDF) to F. Javier Medina, and by NASA (Grant 80NSSC17K0546) to John Z. Kiss.
Published: 2022

18. Autophagy in protists and their hosts: When, how and why?

Author: Patricia Silvia Romano, Takahiko Akematsu, Sébastien Besteiro, Annina Bindschedler, Vern B. Carruthers, Zeinab Chahine, Isabelle Coppens, Albert Descoteaux, Thabata Lopes Alberto Duque, Cynthia Y. He, Volker Heussler, Karine G. Le Roch, Feng-Jun Li, Juliana Perrone Bezerra de Menezes, Rubem Figueiredo Sadok Menna-Barreto, Jeremy C. Mottram, Jacqueline Schmuckli-Maurer, Boris Turk, Patricia Sampaio Tavares Veras, Betiana Nebai Salassa, and María Cristina Vanrell
Subjects: 570 Life sciences, biology
Abstract: Pathogenic protists are a group of organisms responsible for causing a variety of human diseases including malaria, sleeping sickness, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, and toxoplasmosis, among others. These diseases, which affect more than one billion people globally, mainly the poorest populations, are characterized by severe chronic stages and the lack of effective antiparasitic treatment. Parasitic protists display complex life-cycles and go through different cellular transformations in order to adapt to the different hosts they live in. Autophagy, a highly conserved cellular degradation process, has emerged as a key mechanism required for these differentiation processes, as well as other functions that are crucial to parasite fitness. In contrast to yeasts and mammals, protist autophagy is characterized by a modest number of conserved autophagy-related proteins (ATGs) that, even though, can drive the autophagosome formation and degradation. In addition, during their intracellular cycle, the interaction of these pathogens with the host autophagy system plays a crucial role resulting in a beneficial or harmful effect that is important for the outcome of the infection. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on autophagy and other related mechanisms in pathogenic protists and their hosts. We sought to emphasize when, how, and why this process takes place, and the effects it may have on the parasitic cycle. A better understanding of the significance of autophagy for the protist life-cycle will potentially be helpful to design novel anti-parasitic strategies.
Published: 2023

19. Fatal acute lung injury after balloon valvuloplasty in a dog with pulmonary stenosis

Author: Massimiliano Tursi, Marco Pesaresi, Marta Croce, Francesca Romano, Edoardo Auriemma, Vincenzo Rondelli, Oriol Domenech, and Tommaso Vezzosi
Subjects: Balloon Valvuloplasty, medicine.medical_specialty, Right atrial enlargement, Canine, Cardiology, French Bulldog, Pulmonary edema, Reperfusion, Physiology, Acute Lung Injury, Hydrostatic pressure, biology.animal_breed, French bulldog, Lung injury, Dogs, Internal medicine, Animals, Medicine, Dog Diseases, Heart Failure, Lung, General Veterinary, biology, business.industry, medicine.disease, Pulmonary Valve Stenosis, medicine.anatomical_structure, Echocardiography, Pulmonary valve, Heart failure, Pulmonary valve stenosis, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: A one-year-old, French Bulldog was referred for the management of a severe form of pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) complicated by right-sided congestive heart failure. Echocardiography showed severe valvular PS with right ventricular concentric hypertrophy, dilatation and severe right atrial enlargement. A pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty (PBV) was performed with a balloon-to-pulmonary annulus ratio of 1.36. Echocardiography immediately after PBV showed a significant reduction in right atrial and ventricular size, improved opening and mobility of the pulmonary valve leaflets, and a 75% reduction in the pulmonary pressure gradient from 158 mmHg pre-operative to 40 mmHg post-operative. The dog recovered well from anesthesia, but two hours later suddenly showed severe respiratory distress. Focus cardiac ultrasound showed increased left cardiac size with echocardiographic signs of high left ventricular filling pressure. Bedside lung ultrasound showed diffuse numerous-to-confluent B lines, compatible with severe alveolar-interstitial syndrome. The dog was treated with furosemide, helmet continuous positive airway pressure and then mechanical ventilation but without success. At post-mortem evaluation, histological examination of the lung showed diffuse, severe broncho-alveolar edema with mixed leukocyte, fibrin and red blood cell infiltrate. Moreover, severe congestion and multifocal alveolar hemorrhages were evident. All findings were compatible with fatal acute lung injury after PBV secondary to pulmonary reperfusion-ischemia injury and increased pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure. Based on the present case, acute lung injury should be considered as a rare but serious complication of PBV.
Published: 2022

20. Larvicidal effect of the Citrus limettioides peel essential oil on Aedes aegypti

Author: Thâmara Machado e Silva, Leonardo Luiz Borges, Camila Aline Romano, Clayson Moura Gomes, José Realino de Paula, Andressa Tuane Santana Paz, Elisa Flávia Luiz Cardoso Bailão, and Douglas Godoi Pereira
Subjects: Limonene, Traditional medicine, Plant Science, Aedes aegypti, Biology, Linalyl acetate, biology.organism_classification, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Rutaceae, Linalool, chemistry, law, Essential oil, Citrus limettioides
Abstract: Citrus limettioides (Rutaceae), popularly known as “sweet lime” or “sweet lemon”, is rich in essential oil. Citrus sp. essential oils present a wide spectrum of biological activities, including insecticidal and larvicidal. In this sense, we aimed to investigate the larvicidal potential of Citrus limettioides peel essential oil on the main urban vector of dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika viruses Aedes aegypti. The chemical characterization of the material revealed a monoterpene-rich essential oil (mainly limonene – 48.28% – and linalool – 32.17%). The C. limettioides peel essential oil presented a good larvicidal activity on A. aegypti (LC50 = 18.14 µg mL−1). Moreover, the compounds linalyl acetate and isopropyl tiglate, identified in the investigated essential oil, presented a predicted insecticide activity on A. aegypti. Finally, the safety of the C. limettioides peel essential oil was demonstrated on RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. These results support the idea of using the C. limettioides peel essential oil to the development of an economically viable larvicidal product.
Published: 2022

21. A scalable and highly immunogenic virus-like particle-based vaccine against SARS-CoV-2

Author: Kevin Plattner, Anne-Cathrine S. Vogt, Aleksandra Nonic, Xinyue Chang, Romano Josi, Lee-Anne Brand, Villija Zeltina, Byron E. E. Martina, Katja Nuss, Xuelan Liu, Pascal Krenger, Thomas M. Kündig, Simon Zinkhan, Joana J. da Costa, Mona O. Mohsen, Senta M. Walton, Martin F. Bachmann, Ina Balke, Gary T. Jennings, Dominik Rothen, Jan M. Sobczak, Zahra Gharailoo, Gilles Sousa Augusto, Monique Vogel, Daniel E. Speiser, Marianne Zwicker, Andris Zeltins, Salony Roongta, and Virology
Subjects: COVID-19 Vaccines, High avidity, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Immunology, 610 Medicine & health, Biology, SARS‐CoV‐2, Virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, Mice, Virus-like particle, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, COVID‐19, vaccine, Pandemic, Animals, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Vaccines, Virus-Like Particle, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Original Articles, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Virology, Antibody response, Antibody Formation, Communicable Disease Control, biology.protein, Original Article, Rabbits, Antibody, virus‐like particles
Abstract: Background SARS‐CoV‐2 caused one of the most devastating pandemics in the recent history of mankind. Due to various countermeasures, including lock‐downs, wearing masks, and increased hygiene, the virus has been controlled in some parts of the world. More recently, the availability of vaccines, based on RNA or adenoviruses, has greatly added to our ability to keep the virus at bay; again, however, in some parts of the world only. While available vaccines are effective, it would be desirable to also have more classical vaccines at hand for the future. Key feature of vaccines for long‐term control of SARS‐CoV‐2 would be inexpensive production at large scale, ability to make multiple booster injections, and long‐term stability at 4℃. Methods Here, we describe such a vaccine candidate, consisting of the SARS‐CoV‐2 receptor‐binding motif (RBM) grafted genetically onto the surface of the immunologically optimized cucumber mosaic virus, called CuMVTT‐RBM. Results Using bacterial fermentation and continuous flow centrifugation for purification, the yield of the production process is estimated to be >2.5 million doses per 1000‐litre fermenter run. We demonstrate that the candidate vaccine is highly immunogenic in mice and rabbits and induces more high avidity antibodies compared to convalescent human sera. The induced antibodies are more cross‐reactive to mutant RBDs of variants of concern (VoC). Furthermore, antibody responses are neutralizing and long‐lived. In addition, the vaccine candidate was stable for at least 14 months at 4℃. Conclusion Thus, the here presented VLP‐based vaccine may be a good candidate for use as conventional vaccine in the long term., In this study, we describe a novel conventional COVID‐19 vaccine that consists of the RBM of SARS‐CoV‐2 genetically grafted onto the surface of our optimized cucumber‐mosaic virus‐like particles. We demonstrate that the vaccine candidate (mCuMVTT‐RBM) is highly immunogenic in mice and rabbits, can efficiently neutralize SARS‐CoV‐2, and is stable and highly scalable. The induced antibodies show cross‐reactivity with VoC.
Published: 2022

22. Recovery of bioactive compounds from walnut (Juglans regiaL.) green husk by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction

Author: Paolo Masi, Alessandra Aiello, Fabiana Pizzolongo, Raffaele Romano, Lucia De Luca, Giuseppe Meca, Romano, Raffaele, Aiello, Alessandra, Meca, Giuseppe, De Luca, Lucia, Pizzolongo, Fabiana, and Masi, Paolo
Subjects: Supercritical carbon dioxide, biology, Extraction (chemistry), biology.organism_classification, Husk, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Polyphenol, Antifungal activity, juglone, polyphenols, volatile organic compounds, Juglone, Food Science, Juglans, Nuclear chemistry
Abstract: In this work, the use of supercritical carbon dioxide, a nontoxic solvent, was proposed to extract bioactive compounds from Juglans regia L. green husk and was compared to other traditional techniques based on solvents such as ethanol, methanol and water. Supercritical CO2 was combined with ethanol as an organic modifier at a rate of 20% of the total flow to achieve greater extraction of polar compounds. The extracts were characterised in terms of extraction yields, antioxidant activity, total polyphenol content, phenolic acids, juglone, volatile organic compounds and antifungal activity. The results showed that the extracts obtained with supercritical CO2 were rich in polyphenols (10750 mg GAE/100 g) and juglone (1192 mg/100 g) and exerted high antioxidant activity and antifungal activity compared with the tested fungi. Walnut green husk is not just a food industry waste but also an important economic source of bioactive compounds that could be used for food active packaging.
Published: 2021

23. Epigenomic landscape of human colorectal cancer unveils an aberrant core of pan-cancer enhancers orchestrated by YAP/TAZ

Author: Giulia Della Chiara, Andrea Cassingena, Valeria Ranzani, Andrea Pisani Ceretti, Francesca Zanconato, Paola Gruarin, Grazisa Rossetti, Michaela Fakiola, Luca Gianotti, Luca Azzolin, Giulia Moreni, Ivan Ferrari, Oriana Romano, N. Mariani, Tanya Fabbris, Alberto Bardelli, Claudio Tripodo, Claudia D'Oria, Lorenzo Drufuca, Chiara Godano, Salvatore Siena, Massimiliano Pagani, Ramona Bason, Maria Lucia Sarnicola, Andrea Sartore-Bianchi, Enrico Opocher, Michelangelo Cordenonsi, Jimmy Caroli, Francesco Panariello, Federica Pisati, Marco De Simone, Stefano Piccolo, Silvio Bicciato, Nicola Zucchini, Giuseppe Testa, Mattia Forcato, Raoul J. P. Bonnal, Giuseppe Macino, Federica Gervasoni, Graduate School, Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Della Chiara, G, Gervasoni, F, Fakiola, M, Godano, C, D'Oria, C, Azzolin, L, Bonnal, R, Moreni, G, Drufuca, L, Rossetti, G, Ranzani, V, Bason, R, De Simone, M, Panariello, F, Ferrari, I, Fabbris, T, Zanconato, F, Forcato, M, Romano, O, Caroli, J, Gruarin, P, Sarnicola, M, Cordenonsi, M, Bardelli, A, Zucchini, N, Ceretti, A, Mariani, N, Cassingena, A, Sartore-Bianchi, A, Testa, G, Gianotti, L, Opocher, E, Pisati, F, Tripodo, C, Macino, G, Siena, S, Bicciato, S, Piccolo, S, Pagani, M, Della Chiara G., Gervasoni F., Fakiola M., Godano C., D'Oria C., Azzolin L., Bonnal R.J.P., Moreni G., Drufuca L., Rossetti G., Ranzani V., Bason R., De Simone M., Panariello F., Ferrari I., Fabbris T., Zanconato F., Forcato M., Romano O., Caroli J., Gruarin P., Sarnicola M.L., Cordenonsi M., Bardelli A., Zucchini N., Ceretti A.P., Mariani N.M., Cassingena A., Sartore-Bianchi A., Testa G., Gianotti L., Opocher E., Pisati F., Tripodo C., Macino G., Siena S., Bicciato S., Piccolo S., and Pagani M.
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Organoid, Epigenomics, Transcription Factor, General Physics and Astronomy, Colorectal Neoplasm, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Colorectal Neoplasms, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Histone Code, Humans, Models, Genetic, Organoids, RNA-Seq, Single-Cell Analysis, Trans-Activators, Transcription Factors, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Epigenesis, Genetic, 0302 clinical medicine, Models, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Colorectal Neoplasms, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic,Histone Code, Humans, Models, Genetic, Organoids, RNA-Seq, Single-Cell Analysis, Trans-Activators, Transcription Factors, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Enhancer Elements, Genetic, Epigenesis, Genetic, Cancer genomics, Histone code, Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-Binding Motif Proteins, YAP-Signaling Proteins, Multidisciplinary, Cultured, Adaptor Proteins, 3. Good health, Chromatin, Tumor Cells, Single-Cell Analysi, Trans-Activator, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Human, Enhancer Elements, Science, Tumour heterogeneity, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Genetic, medicine, Epigenetics, Enhancer, Transcription factor, Neoplastic, Signal Transducing, Cancer, General Chemistry, medicine.disease, Colorectal cancer, digestive system diseases, 030104 developmental biology, Gene Expression Regulation, Cancer cell, Cancer research, Epigenesis
Abstract: Cancer is characterized by pervasive epigenetic alterations with enhancer dysfunction orchestrating the aberrant cancer transcriptional programs and transcriptional dependencies. Here, we epigenetically characterize human colorectal cancer (CRC) using de novo chromatin state discovery on a library of different patient-derived organoids. By exploring this resource, we unveil a tumor-specific deregulated enhancerome that is cancer cell-intrinsic and independent of interpatient heterogeneity. We show that the transcriptional coactivators YAP/TAZ act as key regulators of the conserved CRC gained enhancers. The same YAP/TAZ-bound enhancers display active chromatin profiles across diverse human tumors, highlighting a pan-cancer epigenetic rewiring which at single-cell level distinguishes malignant from normal cell populations. YAP/TAZ inhibition in established tumor organoids causes extensive cell death unveiling their essential role in tumor maintenance. This work indicates a common layer of YAP/TAZ-fueled enhancer reprogramming that is key for the cancer cell state and can be exploited for the development of improved therapeutic avenues., The role of epigenetic deregulation in colorectal cancer (CRC) is not fully understood yet. Here the authors use patient-derived organoids, epigenomics and single-cell RNA-seq to reveal that YAP/TAZ are key regulators that bind to active enhancers in CRC and promote tumour survival.
Published: 2021

24. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition) 1

Author: Klionsky, Daniel, Abdel-Aziz, Amal Kamal, Abdelfatah, Sara, Abdellatif, Mahmoud, Abdoli, Asghar, Abel, Steffen, Abeliovich, Hagai, Abildgaard, Marie, Abudu, Yakubu Princely, Acevedo-Arozena, Abraham, Adamopoulos, Iannis, Adeli, Khosrow, Adolph, Timon, Adornetto, Annagrazia, Aflaki, Elma, Agam, Galila, Agarwal, Anupam, Aggarwal, Bharat, Agnello, Maria, Agostinis, Patrizia, Agrewala, Javed, Agrotis, Alexander, Aguilar, Patricia, Ahmad, S Tariq, Ahmed, Zubair, Ahumada-Castro, Ulises, Aits, Sonja, Aizawa, Shu, Akkoc, Yunus, Akoumianaki, Tonia, Akpinar, Hafize Aysin, Al-Abd, Ahmed, Al-Akra, Lina, Al-Gharaibeh, Abeer, Alaoui-Jamali, Moulay, Alberti, Simon, Alcocer-Gómez, Elísabet, Alessandri, Cristiano, Ali, Muhammad, Alim Al-Bari, M Abdul, Aliwaini, Saeb, Alizadeh, Javad, Almacellas, Eugènia, Almasan, Alexandru, Alonso, Alicia, Alonso, Guillermo, Altan-Bonnet, Nihal, Altieri, Dario, Álvarez, Élida, Alves, Sara, Alves Da Costa, Cristine, Alzaharna, Mazen, Amadio, Marialaura, Amantini, Consuelo, Amaral, Cristina, Ambrosio, Susanna, Amer, Amal, Ammanathan, Veena, An, Zhenyi, Andersen, Stig, Andrabi, Shaida, Andrade-Silva, Magaiver, Andres, Allen, Angelini, Sabrina, Ann, David, Anozie, Uche, Ansari, Mohammad, Antas, Pedro, Antebi, Adam, Antón, Zuriñe, Anwar, Tahira, Apetoh, Lionel, Apostolova, Nadezda, Araki, Toshiyuki, Araki, Yasuhiro, Arasaki, Kohei, Araújo, Wagner, Araya, Jun, Arden, Catherine, Arévalo, Maria-Angeles, Arguelles, Sandro, Arias, Esperanza, Arikkath, Jyothi, Arimoto, Hirokazu, Ariosa, Aileen, Armstrong-James, Darius, Arnauné-Pelloquin, Laetitia, Aroca, Angeles, Arroyo, Daniela, Arsov, Ivica, Artero, Rubén, Asaro, Dalia Maria Lucia, Aschner, Michael, Ashrafizadeh, Milad, Ashur-Fabian, Osnat, Atanasov, Atanas, Au, Alicia, Auberger, Patrick, Auner, Holger, Aurelian, Laure, Autelli, Riccardo, Avagliano, Laura, Ávalos, Yenniffer, Aveic, Sanja, Aveleira, Célia Alexandra, Avin-Wittenberg, Tamar, Aydin, Yucel, Ayton, Scott, Ayyadevara, Srinivas, Azzopardi, Maria, Baba, Misuzu, Backer, Jonathan, Backues, Steven, Bae, Dong-Hun, Bae, Ok-Nam, Bae, Soo Han, Baehrecke, Eric, Baek, Ahruem, Baek, Seung-Hoon, Baek, Sung Hee, Bagetta, Giacinto, Bagniewska-Zadworna, Agnieszka, Bai, Hua, Bai, Jie, Bai, Xiyuan, Bai, Yidong, Bairagi, Nandadulal, Baksi, Shounak, Balbi, Teresa, Baldari, Cosima, Balduini, Walter, Ballabio, Andrea, Ballester, Maria, Balazadeh, Salma, Balzan, Rena, Bandopadhyay, Rina, Banerjee, Sreeparna, Banerjee, Sulagna, Bánréti, Ágnes, Bao, Yan, Baptista, Mauricio, Baracca, Alessandra, Barbati, Cristiana, Bargiela, Ariadna, Barilà, Daniela, Barlow, Peter, Barmada, Sami, Barreiro, Esther, Barreto, George, Bartek, Jiri, Bartel, Bonnie, Bartolome, Alberto, Barve, Gaurav, Basagoudanavar, Suresh, Bassham, Diane, Bast, Robert, Basu, Alakananda, Batoko, Henri, Batten, Isabella, Baulieu, Etienne, Baumgarner, Bradley, Bayry, Jagadeesh, Beale, Rupert, Beau, Isabelle, Beaumatin, Florian, Bechara, Luiz, Beck, George, Beers, Michael, Begun, Jakob, Behrends, Christian, Behrens, Georg, Bei, Roberto, Bejarano, Eloy, Bel, Shai, Behl, Christian, Belaid, Amine, Belgareh-Touzé, Naïma, Bellarosa, Cristina, Belleudi, Francesca, Belló Pérez, Melissa, Bello-Morales, Raquel, Beltran, Jackeline Soares de Oliveira, Beltran, Sebastián, Benbrook, Doris Mangiaracina, Bendorius, Mykolas, Benitez, Bruno, Benito-Cuesta, Irene, Bensalem, Julien, Berchtold, Martin, Berezowska, Sabina, Bergamaschi, Daniele, Bergami, Matteo, Bergmann, Andreas, Berliocchi, Laura, Berlioz-Torrent, Clarisse, Bernard, Amélie, Berthoux, Lionel, Besirli, Cagri, Besteiro, Sebastien, Betin, Virginie, Beyaert, Rudi, Bezbradica, Jelena, Bhaskar, Kiran, Bhatia-Kissova, Ingrid, Bhattacharya, Resham, Bhattacharya, Sujoy, Bhattacharyya, Shalmoli, Bhuiyan, Md Shenuarin, Bhutia, Sujit Kumar, Bi, Lanrong, Bi, Xiaolin, Biden, Trevor, Bijian, Krikor, Billes, Viktor, Binart, Nadine, Bincoletto, Claudia, Birgisdottir, Asa, Bjorkoy, Geir, Blanco, Gonzalo, Blas-Garcia, Ana, Blasiak, Janusz, Blomgran, Robert, Blomgren, Klas, Blum, Janice, Boada-Romero, Emilio, Boban, Mirta, Boesze-Battaglia, Kathleen, Boeuf, Philippe, Boland, Barry, Bomont, Pascale, Bonaldo, Paolo, Bonam, Srinivasa Reddy, Bonfili, Laura, Bonifacino, Juan, Boone, Brian, Bootman, Martin, Bordi, Matteo, Borner, Christoph, Bornhauser, Beat, Borthakur, Gautam, Bosch, Jürgen, Bose, Santanu, botana, luis, Botas, Juan, Boulanger, Chantal, Boulton, Michael, Bourdenx, Mathieu, Bourgeois, Benjamin, Bourke, Nollaig, Bousquet, Guilhem, Boya, Patricia, Bozhkov, Peter, Bozi, Luiz, Bozkurt, Tolga, Brackney, Doug, Brandts, Christian, Braun, Ralf, Braus, Gerhard, Bravo-Sagua, Roberto, Bravo-San Pedro, José, Brest, Patrick, Bringer, Marie-Agnès, Briones-Herrera, Alfredo, Broaddus, V Courtney, Brodersen, Peter, Brodsky, Jeffrey, Brody, Steven, Bronson, Paola, Bronstein, Jeff, Brown, Carolyn, Brown, Rhoderick, Brum, Patricia, Brumell, John, Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola, Bruno, Daniele, Bryson-Richardson, Robert, 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Sylvie, Giustiniani, Julien, Gluschko, Alexander, Goder, Veit, Goginashvili, Alexander, Golab, Jakub, Goldstone, David, Golebiewska, Anna, Gomes, Luciana, Gomez, Rodrigo, Gómez-Sánchez, Rubén, Gomez-Puerto, Maria Catalina, Gomez-Sintes, Raquel, Gong, Qingqiu, Goni, Felix, González-Gallego, Javier, Gonzalez-Hernandez, Tomas, Gonzalez-Polo, Rosa, Gonzalez-Reyes, Jose, González-Rodríguez, Patricia, Goping, Ing Swie, Gorbatyuk, Marina, Gorbunov, Nikolai, Görgülü, Kıvanç, Gorojod, Roxana, Gorski, Sharon, Goruppi, Sandro, Gotor, Cecilia, Gottlieb, Roberta, Gozes, Illana, Gozuacik, Devrim, Graef, Martin, Gräler, Markus, Granatiero, Veronica, Grasso, Daniel, Gray, Joshua, Green, Douglas, Greenhough, Alexander, Gregory, Stephen, Griffin, Edward, Grinstaff, Mark, Gros, Frederic, Grose, Charles, Gross, Angelina, Gruber, Florian, Grumati, Paolo, Grune, Tilman, Gu, Xueyan, Guan, Jun-Lin, Guardia, Carlos, Guda, Kishore, Guerra, Flora, Guerri, Consuelo, Guha, Prasun, Guillén, Carlos, Gujar, Shashi, 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Chengyu, Liang, Qiangrong, Liang, Weicheng, Liang, Yongheng, Liang, YongTian, Liao, Guanghong, Liao, Lujian, Liao, Mingzhi, Liao, Yung-Feng, Librizzi, Mariangela, Lie, Pearl, Lilly, Mary, Lim, Hyunjung, Lima, Thania, Limana, Federica, Lin, Chao, Lin, Chih-Wen, Lin, Dar-Shong, Lin, Fu-Cheng, Lin, Jiandie, Lin, Kurt, Lin, Kwang-Huei, Lin, Liang-Tzung, LIN, Pei-Hui, Lin, Qiong, Lin, Shaofeng, Lin, Su-Ju, Lin, Wenyu, Lin, Xueying, Lin, Yao-Xin, Lin, Yee-Shin, Linden, Rafael, Lindner, Paula, Ling, Shuo-Chien, Lingor, Paul, Linnemann, Amelia, Liou, Yih-Cherng, Lipinski, Marta, Lipovšek, Saška, Lira, Vitor, Lisiak, Natalia, Liton, Paloma, Liu, Chao, Liu, Ching-Hsuan, Liu, Chun-Feng, Liu, Cui Hua, Liu, Fang, Liu, Hao, Liu, Hsiao-Sheng, Liu, Hua-feng, Liu, Huifang, Liu, Jia, Liu, Jing, Liu, Julia, Liu, Leyuan, Liu, Longhua, Liu, Meilian, Liu, Qin, Liu, Wei, Liu, Wende, Liu, Xiao-Hong, Liu, Xiaodong, Liu, Xingguo, Liu, Xu, Liu, Xuedong, Liu, Yanfen, Liu, Yang, Liu, Yueyang, Liu, Yule, 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Jiangang, Shen, Ming, Shen, Weili, Shen, Zheni, Sheng, Rui, Sheng, Zhi, Sheng, Zu-Hang, Shi, Jianjian, Shi, Xiaobing, Shi, Ying-Hong, Shiba-Fukushima, Kahori, Shieh, Jeng-Jer, Shimada, Yohta, Shimizu, Shigeomi, Shimozawa, Makoto, Shintani, Takahiro, Shoemaker, Christopher, Shojaei, Shahla, Shoji, Ikuo, Shravage, Bhupendra, Shridhar, Viji, Shu, Chih-Wen, Shu, Hong-Bing, Shui, Ke, Shukla, Arvind, Shutt, Timothy, Sica, Valentina, Siddiqui, Aleem, Sierra, Amanda, Sierra-Torre, Virginia, Signorelli, Santiago, Sil, Payel, Silva, Bruno, Silva, Johnatas, Silva-Pavez, Eduardo, Silvente-Poirot, Sandrine, Simmonds, Rachel, Simon, Anna Katharina, Simon, Hans-Uwe, Simons, Matias, Singh, Anurag, Singh, Lalit, Singh, Rajat, Singh, Shivendra, Singh, Shrawan, Singh, Sudha, Singh, Sunaina, Singh, Surinder Pal, Sinha, Debasish, Sinha, Rohit Anthony, Sinha, Sangita, Sirko, Agnieszka, Sirohi, Kapil, Sivridis, Efthimios, Skendros, Panagiotis, Skirycz, Aleksandra, Slaninová, Iva, Smaili, Soraya, Smertenko, Andrei, Smith, Matthew, Soenen, Stefaan, Sohn, Eun Jung, Sok, Sophia, Solaini, Giancarlo, Soldati, Thierry, Soleimanpour, Scott, Soler, Rosa, Solovchenko, Alexei, Somarelli, Jason, Sonawane, Avinash, Song, Fuyong, Song, Hyun Kyu, Song, Ju-Xian, Song, Kunhua, Song, Zhiyin, Soria, Leandro, Sorice, Maurizio, Soukas, Alexander, Soukup, Sandra-Fausia, Sousa, Diana, Sousa, Nadia, Spagnuolo, Paul, Spector, Stephen, Srinivas Bharath, M., St Clair, Daret, Stagni, Venturina, Staiano, Leopoldo, Stalnecker, Clint, Stankov, Metodi, Stathopulos, Peter, Stefan, Katja, Stefan, Sven Marcel, Stefanis, Leonidas, Steffan, Joan, Steinkasserer, Alexander, Stenmark, Harald, Sterneckert, Jared, Stevens, Craig, Stoka, Veronika, Storch, Stephan, Stork, Björn, Strappazzon, Flavie, Strohecker, Anne Marie, Stupack, Dwayne, Su, Huanxing, Su, Ling-Yan, Su, Longxiang, Suarez-Fontes, Ana, Subauste, Carlos, Subbian, Selvakumar, Subirada, Paula, Sudhandiran, Ganapasam, Sue, Carolyn, Sui, Xinbing, Summers, Corey, Sun, Guangchao, Sun, Jun, SUN, Kang, Sun, Meng-xiang, Sun, Qiming, Sun, Yi, Sun, Zhongjie, Sunahara, Karen, Sundberg, Eva, Susztak, Katalin, Sutovsky, Peter, Suzuki, Hidekazu, Sweeney, Gary, Symons, J David, Sze, Stephen Cho Wing, Szewczyk, Nathaniel, Tabęcka-Łonczynska, Anna, Tabolacci, Claudio, Tacke, Frank, Taegtmeyer, Heinrich, Tafani, Marco, Tagaya, Mitsuo, Tai, Haoran, Tait, Stephen, Takahashi, Yoshinori, Takats, Szabolcs, Talwar, Priti, Tam, Chit, Tam, Shing Yau, Tampellini, Davide, Tamura, Atsushi, Tan, Chong Teik, Tan, Eng-King, Tan, Ya-Qin, Tanaka, Masaki, Tanaka, Motomasa, Tang, Daolin, Tang, Jingfeng, Tang, Tie-Shan, Tanida, Isei, Tao, Zhipeng, Taouis, Mohammed, Tatenhorst, Lars, Tavernarakis, Nektarios, Taylor, Allen, Taylor, Gregory, Taylor, Joan, Tchetina, Elena, Tee, Andrew, Tegeder, Irmgard, Teis, David, Teixeira, Natercia, Teixeira-Clerc, Fatima, Tekirdag, Kumsal, Tencomnao, Tewin, Tenreiro, Sandra, Tepikin, Alexei, Testillano, Pilar, Tettamanti, Gianluca, Tharaux, Pierre-Louis, Thedieck, Kathrin, Thekkinghat, Arvind, Thellung, Stefano, Thinwa, Josephine, Thirumalaikumar, V.P., Thomas, Sufi Mary, Thomes, Paul, Thorburn, Andrew, Thukral, Lipi, Thum, Thomas, Thumm, Michael, Tian, Ling, Tichy, Ales, Till, Andreas, Timmerman, Vincent, Titorenko, Vladimir, Todi, Sokol, Todorova, Krassimira, Toivonen, Janne, Tomaipitinca, Luana, Tomar, Dhanendra, Tomas-Zapico, Cristina, Tomić, Sergej, Tong, Benjamin Chun-Kit, Tong, Chao, Tong, Xin, Tooze, Sharon, Torgersen, Maria, Torii, Satoru, Torres-López, Liliana, Torriglia, Alicia, Towers, Christina, Towns, Roberto, Toyokuni, Shinya, Trajkovic, Vladimir, Tramontano, Donatella, Tran, Quynh-Giao, Travassos, Leonardo, Trelford, Charles, Tremel, Shirley, Trougakos, Ioannis, Tsao, Betty, Tschan, Mario, Tse, Hung-Fat, Tse, Tak Fu, Tsugawa, Hitoshi, Tsvetkov, Andrey, Tumbarello, David, Tumtas, Yasin, Tuñón, María, Turcotte, Sandra, Turk, Boris, Turk, Vito, Turner, Bradley, Tuxworth, Richard, Tyler, Jessica, Tyutereva, Elena, Uchiyama, Yasuo, Ugun-Klusek, Aslihan, Uhlig, Holm, Ułamek-Kozioł, Marzena, Ulasov, Ilya, Umekawa, Midori, Ungermann, Christian, Unno, Rei, Urbe, Sylvie, Uribe-Carretero, Elisabet, Üstün, Suayib, Uversky, Vladimir, Vaccari, Thomas, Vaccaro, Maria, Vahsen, Björn, Vakifahmetoglu-Norberg, Helin, Valdor, Rut, Valente, Maria, Valko, Ayelén, Vallee, Richard, Valverde, Angela, Van Den Berghe, Greet, van der Veen, Stijn, Van Kaer, Luc, van Loosdregt, Jorg, van Wijk, Sjoerd, Vandenberghe, Wim, Vanhorebeek, Ilse, Vannier-Santos, Marcos, Vannini, Nicola, Vanrell, M Cristina, Vantaggiato, Chiara, Varano, Gabriele, Varela-Nieto, Isabel, Varga, Máté, Vasconcelos, M Helena, Vats, Somya, Vavvas, Demetrios, Vega-Naredo, Ignacio, Vega-Rubin-de-Celis, Silvia, Velasco, Guillermo, Velázquez, Ariadna, Vellai, Tibor, Vellenga, Edo, Velotti, Francesca, Verdier, Mireille, Verginis, Panayotis, Vergne, Isabelle, Verkade, Paul, Verma, Manish, Verstreken, Patrik, Vervliet, Tim, Vervoorts, Jörg, Vessoni, Alexandre, Victor, Victor, Vidal, Michel, Vidoni, Chiara, Vieira, Otilia, Vierstra, Richard, Viganó, Sonia, Vihinen, Helena, Vijayan, Vinoy, Vila, Miquel, Vilar, Marçal, Villalba, José, Villalobo, Antonio, Villarejo-Zori, Beatriz, Villarroya, Francesc, Villarroya, Joan, Vincent, Olivier, Vindis, Cecile, Viret, Christophe, Viscomi, Maria Teresa, Visnjic, Dora, Vitale, Ilio, Vocadlo, David, Voitsekhovskaja, Olga, Volonté, Cinzia, Volta, Mattia, Vomero, Marta, Von Haefen, Clarissa, Vooijs, Marc, Voos, Wolfgang, Vucicevic, Ljubica, Wade-Martins, Richard, Waguri, Satoshi, Waite, Kenrick, Wakatsuki, Shuji, Walker, David, Walker, Mark, Walker, Simon, Walter, Jochen, Wandosell, Francisco, Wang, Bo, Wang, Chao-Yung, Wang, Chen, Wang, Chenran, Wang, Chenwei, Wang, Cun-Yu, Wang, Dong, Wang, Fangyang, Wang, Feng, Wang, Fengming, Wang, Guansong, Wang, Han, Wang, Hao, Wang, Hexiang, Wang, Hong-Gang, Wang, Jianrong, Wang, Jigang, Wang, Jiou, Wang, Jundong, Wang, Kui, Wang, Lianrong, Wang, Liming, Wang, Maggie Haitian, Wang, Meiqing, Wang, Nanbu, Wang, PengWei, Wang, PeiPei, Wang, Ping, Wang, Qing Jun, Wang, Qing, Wang, Qing Kenneth, Wang, Qiong, Wang, Wen-Tao, Wang, Wuyang, Wang, Xinnan, Wang, Xuejun, Wang, Yan, Wang, Yanchang, Wang, Yanzhuang, Wang, Yen-Yun, Wang, Yihua, Wang, Yipeng, Wang, Yu, wang, yuqi, Wang, Zhe, Wang, Zhenyu, Wang, Zhouguang, Warnes, Gary, Warnsmann, Verena, Watada, Hirotaka, Watanabe, Eizo, Watchon, Maxinne, Wawrzyńska, Anna, Weaver, Timothy, Wegrzyn, Grzegorz, Wehman, Ann, Wei, Huafeng, Wei, Lei, Wei, Taotao, Wei, Yongjie, Weiergräber, Oliver, Weihl, Conrad, Weindl, Günther, Weiskirchen, Ralf, Wells, Alan, Wen, Runxia, Wen, Xin, Werner, Antonia, Weykopf, Beatrice, Wheatley, Sally, Whitton, J Lindsay, Whitworth, Alexander, Wiktorska, Katarzyna, Wildenberg, Manon, Wileman, Tom, Wilkinson, Simon, Willbold, Dieter, Williams, Brett, Williams, Robin, Williams, Roger, Williamson, Peter, Wilson, Richard, Winner, Beate, Winsor, Nathaniel, Witkin, Steven, Wodrich, Harald, Woehlbier, Ute, Wollert, Thomas, Wong, Esther, Wong, Jack Ho, Wong, Richard, Wong, Vincent Kam Wai, Wong, W Wei-Lynn, Wu, An-Guo, Wu, Chengbiao, Wu, Jian, Wu, Junfang, Wu, Kenneth, Wu, Min, Wu, Shan-Ying, Wu, Shengzhou, Wu, Shu-Yan, Wu, Shufang, Wu, William, Wu, Xiaohong, Wu, Xiaoqing, Wu, Yao-Wen, Wu, Yihua, Xavier, Ramnik, Xia, Hongguang, Xia, Lixin, Xia, Zhengyuan, Xiang, Ge, Xiang, Jin, Xiang, Mingliang, Xiang, Wei, Xiao, Bin, Xiao, Guozhi, Xiao, Hengyi, Xiao, Hong-tao, Xiao, Jian, Xiao, Lan, Xiao, Shi, Xiao, Yin, Xie, Baoming, Xie, Chuan-Ming, Xie, Min, Xie, Yuxiang, Xie, Zhiping, Xie, Zhonglin, Xilouri, Maria, Xu, Congfeng, Xu, En, Xu, Haoxing, Xu, Jing, Xu, Jinrong, Xu, Liang, Xu, Wen Wen, Xu, Xiulong, Xue, Yu, Yakhine-Diop, Sokhna, Yamaguchi, Masamitsu, Yamaguchi, Osamu, Yamamoto, Ai, Yamashina, Shunhei, Yan, Shengmin, Yan, Shian-Jang, Yan, Zhen, Yanagi, Yasuo, Yang, Chuanbin, Yang, Dun-Sheng, Yang, Huan, Yang, Huang-Tian, Yang, Hui, Yang, Jin-Ming, Yang, Jing, Yang, Jingyu, Yang, Ling, Yang, Liu, Yang, Ming, Yang, Pei-Ming, Yang, Qian, Yang, Seungwon, Yang, Shu, Yang, Shun-Fa, Yang, Wannian, Yang, Wei Yuan, Yang, Xiaoyong, Yang, Xuesong, Yang, Yi, Yang, Ying, Yao, Honghong, Yao, Shenggen, Yao, Xiaoqiang, Yao, Yong-Gang, Yao, Yong-Ming, Yasui, Takahiro, Yazdankhah, Meysam, Yen, Paul, Yi, Cong, Yin, Xiao-Ming, Yin, Yanhai, Yin, Zhangyuan, Yin, Ziyi, Ying, Meidan, Ying, Zheng, Yip, Calvin, Yiu, Stephanie Pei Tung, Yoo, Young, Yoshida, Kiyotsugu, Yoshii, Saori, Yoshimori, Tamotsu, Yousefi, Bahman, Yu, Boxuan, Yu, Haiyang, Yu, Jun, Yu, Li, Yu, Ming-Lung, Yu, Seong-Woon, Yu, Victor, Yu, W Haung, Yu, Zhengping, Yu, Zhou, Yuan, Junying, Yuan, Ling-Qing, Yuan, Shilin, Yuan, Shyng-Shiou, Yuan, Yanggang, Yuan, Zengqiang, Yue, Jianbo, Yue, Zhenyu, Yun, Jeanho, Yung, Raymond, Zacks, David, Zaffagnini, Gabriele, Zambelli, Vanessa, Zanella, Isabella, Zang, Qun, Zanivan, Sara, Zappavigna, Silvia, Zaragoza, Pilar, Zarbalis, Konstantinos, Zarebkohan, Amir, Zarrouk, Amira, Zeitlin, Scott, Zeng, Jialiu, Zeng, Ju-deng, Žerovnik, Eva, Zhan, Lixuan, Zhang, Bin, Zhang, Donna, Zhang, Hanlin, Zhang, Hong, Zhang, Honghe, Zhang, Huafeng, Zhang, Huaye, Zhang, Hui, Zhang, Hui-Ling, Zhang, Jianbin, Zhang, Jianhua, Zhang, Jing-Pu, Zhang, Kalin, Zhang, Leshuai, Zhang, Lin, Zhang, Lisheng, Zhang, Lu, Zhang, Luoying, Zhang, Menghuan, Zhang, Peng, Zhang, Sheng, Zhang, Wei, Zhang, Xiangnan, Zhang, Xiao-Wei, Zhang, Xiaolei, Zhang, Xiaoyan, Zhang, Xin, Zhang, Xinxin, Zhang, Xu Dong, Zhang, Yang, Zhang, Yanjin, Zhang, Yi, Zhang, Ying-Dong, Zhang, Yingmei, Zhang, Yuan-Yuan, Zhang, Yuchen, Zhang, Zhe, Zhang, Zhengguang, Zhang, Zhibing, Zhang, Zhihai, Zhang, Zhiyong, Zhang, Zili, Zhao, Haobin, Zhao, Lei, Zhao, Shuang, Zhao, Tongbiao, Zhao, Xiao-Fan, Zhao, Ying, Zhao, Yongchao, Zhao, Yongliang, Zhao, Yuting, Zheng, Guoping, Zheng, Kai, Zheng, Ling, Zheng, Shizhong, Zheng, Xi-Long, Zheng, Yi, Zheng, Zu-Guo, Zhivotovsky, Boris, Zhong, Qing, Zhou, Ao, Zhou, Ben, Zhou, Cefan, ZHOU, Gang, Zhou, Hao, Zhou, Hong, Zhou, Hongbo, Zhou, Jie, Zhou, Jing, Zhou, Jiyong, Zhou, Kailiang, Zhou, Rongjia, Zhou, Xu-jie, Zhou, Yanshuang, Zhou, Yinghong, Zhou, Yubin, Zhou, Zheng-Yu, Zhou, Zhou, Zhu, Binglin, Zhu, Changlian, Zhu, Guo-Qing, Zhu, Haining, Zhu, Hongxin, Zhu, Hua, Zhu, Wei-Guo, Zhu, Yanping, Zhu, Yushan, Zhuang, Haixia, Zhuang, Xiaohong, Zientara-Rytter, Katarzyna, Zimmermann, Christine, Ziviani, Elena, Zoladek, Teresa, Zong, Wei-Xing, Zorov, Dmitry, Zorzano, Antonio, Zou, Weiping, Zou, Zhen, Zou, Zhengzhi, Zuryn, Steven, Zwerschke, Werner, Brand-Saberi, Beate, Dong, X Charlie, Kenchappa, Chandra Shekar, Li, Zuguo, Lin, Yong, Oshima, Shigeru, Rong, Yueguang, Sluimer, Judith, Stallings, Christina, Tong, Chun-Kit, Ahmad, S. Tariq, Alim Al-Bari, M. Abdul, Bechara, Luiz R.G., Behrens, Georg M.N., Bhuiyan, Md. Shenuarin, Broaddus, V. Courtney, Buchan, J. Ross, Burón, M. Isabel, Carter, A. Brent, Chan, Matthew T.V., Choi, Augustine M.K., D’Adamo, Stefania, D’Amelio, Marcello, D’Arcangelo, Daniela, D’Lugos, Andrew, D’Orazi, Gabriella, De Meyer, Guido R.Y., Delpino, M. Victoria, Distler, Jörg H.W., Dixon, Ian M.C., Dobson, Renwick C.J., 2nd Dorn, Gerald, Eissa, N. Tony, Engelsen, Agnete S.T., Fairlie, W. Douglas, Ferreira, Julio C.B., H.B., Ranjitha, Hanson, Phyllis I., Hejtmancik, J. Fielding, Ho, Idy H.T., Hobbs, G. Aaron, Hoet, Peter H.M., Huang, Michael L.H., Iyer, Anand Krishnan V., Johnson, Gail V.W., Joosten, Leo A.B., Karim, Md. Razaul, Kaufmann, Stefan H.E., Ko, Ben C.B., Leck, Lionel Y.W., Lima, Thania R.R., Livingston, J. Andrew, Martin, Alexandre P.J., Montes, L. Ruth, Murphy, J. Patrick, Ng, Charlene C.W., Nicolao, M. Celeste, O’Donovan, Tracey, O’Leary, Seónadh, O’Rourke, Eyleen, O’Sullivan, Mary, O’Sullivan, Timothy, Omary, M. Bishr, Pereira, Gustavo J.S., Ratnayaka, J. Arjuna, Riazuddin, S. Amer, Rouschop, Kasper M.A., Sanderson, J. Thomas, Scaglione, K. Matthew, Schapira, Anthony H.V., Scovassi, A. Ivana, St. Clair, Daret, Sunahara, Karen K.S., Symons, J. David, Triola, Gemma, van Wijk, Sjoerd J.L., Vanrell, M. Cristina, Vasconcelos, M. Helena, Whitton, J. Lindsay, Williams, Robin S.B., Wong, W. Wei-Lynn, Wu, William K.K., Yakhine-Diop, Sokhna M.S., Yu, W. Haung, Zhang, Kalin Y.B., Dong, X. Charlie, Ain Shams University [ASU], Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University [JGU], Medical University Graz, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers [CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)], Institut Pasteur d'Iran, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry [IPB], The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center [Houston], Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire [IPMC], Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] [LNC], Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire [C3M], Institut de Biologie Valrose [IBV], Petites Molécules de neuroprotection, neurorégénération et remyélinisation, Signalisation Hormonale, Physiopathologie Endocrinienne et Métabolique, Institut Cochin [IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)], Institut NeuroMyoGène [INMG], Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire [PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)], Marqueurs cardiovasculaires en situation de stress [MASCOT (UMR_S_942 / U942)], Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement [IRCAN], Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille [CRCM], Centre for Integrative Biology - CBI [Inserm U964 - CNRS UMR7104 - IGBMC], Oncogenesis, Stress, Signaling [OSS], Institut Necker Enfants-Malades [INEM - UM 111 (UMR 8253 / U1151)], Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule [I2BC], Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte [M2iSH], Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse [CRCT], Physiopathologie et traitement des maladies du foie, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 [CIIL], Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire [IGBMC], Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL. Biochimie du peroxysome, inflammation et métabolisme lipidique [Dijon] [BIO-PEROXIL], Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation [CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149)], Unité de génétique et biologie des cancers [U830], Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences [LOB], Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Casdiovasculaires [UPS/Inserm U1297 - I2MC], Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine [DC2N], Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier [IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM], Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy [CIML], Physiopathologie et imagerie des troubles neurologiques [PhIND], Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics = Laboratoire de bioénergétique fondamentale et appliquée [LBFA], Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) [Imagine - U1163], Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale [IMRB], Franco-czech Laboratory for clinical research on obesity, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System, Institut de pharmacologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Centre méditerranéen de médecine moléculaire (C3M), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut de Biologie Valrose (IBV), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Nutrition, Métabolisme, Aquaculture (NuMéA), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut NeuroMyoGène (INMG), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC - UMR-S U970), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut de Recherche sur le Cancer et le Vieillissement (IRCAN), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Marseille (CRCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Centre for Integrative Biology - CBI (Inserm U964 - CNRS UMR7104 - IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institute of genetics and molecular and cellular biology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chemistry, Oncogenesis, Stress and Signaling (COSS), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-CRLCC Eugène Marquis (CRLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Necker Enfants-Malades (INEM - UM 111 (UMR 8253 / U1151)), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l'Hôte (M2iSH), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine d'Auvergne (CRNH d'Auvergne)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie - UMR (CIRI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL. Biochimie du peroxysome, inflammation et métabolisme lipidique [Dijon] (BIO-PEROXIL), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149)), Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de génétique et biologie des cancers (U830), Institut Curie [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire d'Optique et Biosciences (LOB), École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine (DC2N), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM - U1194 Inserm - UM), CRLCC Val d'Aurelle - Paul Lamarque-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille - Luminy (CIML), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiopathologie et imagerie des troubles neurologiques (PhIND), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Laboratory of Fundamental and Applied Bioenergetics = Laboratoire de bioénergétique fondamentale et appliquée (LBFA), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Epithelial biology and disease - Liliane Bettencourt Chair of Developmental Biology (Equipe Inserm U1163), Imagine - Institut des maladies génétiques (IHU) (Imagine - U1163), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP), Biomécanique cellulaire et respiratoire (BCR), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Charles University [Prague]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), This work was supported by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences [GM131919]., Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Marqueurs cardiovasculaires en situation de stress (MASCOT (UMR_S_942 / U942)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Groupe Hospitalier Saint Louis - Lariboisière - Fernand Widal [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiopathologie des Adaptations Nutritionnelles (PhAN), Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Département Plateforme (PF I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences [Suzhou, Chine] (CAMS), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Karolinska University Hospital [Stockholm], Department of Women's and Children's Health [Stockholm, Sweden], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École polytechnique (X), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, FHU OncoAge - Pathologies liées à l’âge [CHU Nice] (OncoAge), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire [UNIV Côte d'Azur] (UPMC), Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole (IUCT Oncopole - UMR 1037), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Life Sciences Institute [Ann Arbor, MI, USA], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS [Milan, Italy] (EIO), Ain Shams University (ASU), Johannes Gutenberg - Universität Mainz = Johannes Gutenberg University (JGU), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry (IPB), Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC (UMR_S 970/ U970)), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Fédération nationale des Centres de lutte contre le Cancer (FNCLCC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Oncogenesis, Stress, Signaling (OSS), Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Casdiovasculaires (UPS/Inserm U1297 - I2MC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Charles University [Prague] (CU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Klionsky, D. 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C., Brodersen, P., Brodsky, J. L., Brody, S. L., Bronson, P. G., Bronstein, J. M., Brown, C. N., Brown, R. E., Brum, P. C., Brumell, J. H., Brunetti-Pierri, N., Bruno, D., Bryson-Richardson, R. J., Bucci, C., Buchrieser, C., Bueno, M., Buitrago-Molina, L. E., Buraschi, S., Buch, S., Buchan, J. R., Buckingham, E. M., Budak, H., Budini, M., Bultynck, G., Burada, F., Burgoyne, J. R., Buron, M. I., Bustos, V., Buttner, S., Butturini, E., Byrd, A., Cabas, I., Cabrera-Benitez, S., Cadwell, K., Cai, J., Cai, L., Cai, Q., Cairo, M., Calbet, J. A., Caldwell, G. A., Caldwell, K. A., Call, J. A., Calvani, R., Calvo, A. C., Calvo-Rubio Barrera, M., Camara, N. O. S., Camonis, J. H., Camougrand, N., Campanella, M., Campbell, E. M., Campbell-Valois, F. -X., Campello, S., Campesi, I., Campos, J. C., Camuzard, O., Cancino, J., Candido de Almeida, D., Canesi, L., Caniggia, I., Canonico, B., Canti, C., Cao, B., Caraglia, M., Carames, B., Carchman, E. 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E., Chung, H., Chung, K. P., Chung, S., Chung, S. -H., Chung, Y. -L., Cianfanelli, V., Ciechomska, I. A., Cifuentes, M., Cinque, L., Cirak, S., Cirone, M., Clague, M. J., Clarke, R., Clementi, E., Coccia, E. M., Codogno, P., Cohen, E., Cohen, M. M., Colasanti, T., Colasuonno, F., Colbert, R. A., Colell, A., Colic, M., Coll, N. S., Collins, M. O., Colombo, M. I., Colon-Ramos, D. A., Combaret, L., Comincini, S., Cominetti, M. R., Consiglio, A., Conte, A., Conti, F., Contu, V. R., Cookson, M. R., Coombs, K. M., Coppens, I., Corasaniti, M. T., Corkery, D. P., Cordes, N., Cortese, K., Costa, M. D. C., Costantino, S., Costelli, P., Coto-Montes, A., Crack, P. J., Crespo, J. L., Criollo, A., Crippa, V., Cristofani, R., Csizmadia, T., Cuadrado, A., Cui, B., Cui, J., Cui, Y., Culetto, E., Cumino, A. C., Cybulsky, A. V., Czaja, M. J., Czuczwar, S. J., D'Adamo, S., D'Amelio, M., D'Arcangelo, D., D'Lugos, A. C., D'Orazi, G., da Silva, J. A., Dafsari, H. S., Dagda, R. 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Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Programmed cell death, Settore BIO/06, Autophagosome, Autolysosome, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Autophagy-Related Proteins, Review, Computational biology, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, Settore MED/04, 03 medical and health sciences, stress, Chaperone-mediated autophagy, ddc:570, Autophagy, LC3, Animals, Humans, cancer, Settore BIO/10, flux, lysosome, macroautophagy, neurodegeneration, phagophore, vacuole, Set (psychology), Molecular Biology, 030102 biochemistry & molecular biology, business.industry, Interpretation (philosophy), Autophagosomes, Cell Biology, Multicellular organism, 030104 developmental biology, Knowledge base, Biological Assay, Lysosomes, business, Biomarkers, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: Contains fulltext : 232759.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field.
Published: 2021

25. COVID-19 elicits an impaired antibody response against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with haematological malignancies

Author: Francesco Zaja, Filippo Gherlinzoni, Anna Maria Scattolin, Luca Arcaini, Roberto Cairoli, Mario Luppi, Carmen Fava, Patrizia Zappasodi, Matteo G. Della Porta, Monica Bocchia, Valeria Cardinali, Nicola Stefano Fracchiolla, Francesco Passamonti, Giuseppe Visani, M. Ladetto, Enrico Derenzini, Lorenza Bertù, Roberto Mina, Daniele Armiento, B. Mora, Anna Candoni, Alessandro Corso, A. M. Vannucchi, Paolo Corradini, Francesco Lanza, Pellegrino Musto, Agostino Tafuri, Carlo Visco, E. Coviello, Francesco Marchesi, Roberto M. Lemoli, Chiara Cattaneo, Alessandro Busca, Marco Salvini, Sara Galimberti, I. Romano, M. Merli, Mauro Krampera, Alessandra Romano, Paolo Grossi, Michele Cavo, E. O. La Barbera, Mauro Turrini, Livio Pagano, Adriano Venditti, Antonio Pinto, Patrizia Tosi, F. Farina, Riccardo Bruna, L. Petrucci, Massimo Massaia, Monia Marchetti, Carlo Gambacorti Passerini, Francesco Merli, Passamonti, F, Romano, A, Salvini, M, Merli, F, Porta, M, Bruna, R, Coviello, E, Romano, I, Cairoli, R, Lemoli, R, Farina, F, Venditti, A, Busca, A, Ladetto, M, Massaia, M, Pinto, A, Arcaini, L, Tafuri, A, Marchesi, F, Fracchiolla, N, Bocchia, M, Armiento, D, Candoni, A, Krampera, M, Luppi, M, Cardinali, V, Galimberti, S, Cattaneo, C, La Barbera, E, Mina, R, Lanza, F, Visani, G, Musto, P, Petrucci, L, Zaja, F, Grossi, P, Bertu, L, Pagano, L, Corradini, P, Derenzini, E, Marchetti, M, Scattolin, A, Corso, A, Tosi, P, Gherlinzoni, F, Gambacorti Passerini, C, Cavo, M, Fava, C, Turrini, M, Visco, C, Zappasodi, P, Merli, M, Mora, B, Vannucchi, A, Passamonti F., Romano A., Salvini M., Merli F., Porta M.G.D., Bruna R., Coviello E., Romano I., Cairoli R., Lemoli R., Farina F., Venditti A., Busca A., Ladetto M., Massaia M., Pinto A., Arcaini L., Tafuri A., Marchesi F., Fracchiolla N., Bocchia M., Armiento D., Candoni A., Krampera M., Luppi M., Cardinali V., Galimberti S., Cattaneo C., La Barbera E.O., Mina R., Lanza F., Visani G., Musto P., Petrucci L., Zaja F., Grossi P.A., Bertu L., Pagano L., Corradini P., Derenzini E., Marchetti M., Scattolin A.M., Corso A., Tosi P., Gherlinzoni F., Passerini C.G., Cavo M., Fava C., Turrini M., Visco C., Zappasodi P., Merli M., Mora B., Vannucchi A.M., Passamonti, F., Romano, A., Salvini, M., Merli, F., Porta, M. G. D., Bruna, R., Coviello, E., Romano, I., Cairoli, R., Lemoli, R., Farina, F., Venditti, A., Busca, A., Ladetto, M., Massaia, M., Pinto, A., Arcaini, L., Tafuri, A., Marchesi, F., Fracchiolla, N., Bocchia, M., Armiento, D., Candoni, A., Krampera, M., Luppi, M., Cardinali, V., Galimberti, S., Cattaneo, C., La Barbera, E. O., Mina, R., Lanza, F., Visani, G., Musto, P., Petrucci, L., Zaja, F., Grossi, P. A., Bertu, L., Pagano, L., Corradini, P., Derenzini, E., Marchetti, M., Scattolin, A. M., Corso, A., Tosi, P., Gherlinzoni, F., Passerini, C. G., Cavo, M., Fava, C., Turrini, M., Visco, C., Zappasodi, P., Merli, M., Mora, B., and Vannucchi, A. M.
Subjects: Male, Myeloid, Antibodies, Viral, Gastroenterology, SARS‐CoV‐2, 80 and over, Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, Viral, Covid‐19, Aged, 80 and over, biology, Hematology, Plasma cell neoplasm, Middle Aged, Adult, Aged, COVID-19, Female, Hematologic Neoplasms, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Seroconversion, Young Adult, Antibody Formation, Leukemia, medicine.anatomical_structure, Antibody, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Short Report, Antibodies, NO, Chemoimmunotherapy, Internal medicine, medicine, Hematologic Neoplasm, business.industry, Odds ratio, Settore MED/15, medicine.disease, Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma, Lymphoma, Settore MED/15 - MALATTIE DEL SANGUE, biology.protein, business
Abstract: COVID-19 is associated with high mortality in patients with haematological malignancies (HM) and rate of seroconversion is unknown. The ITA-HEMA-COV project (NCT04352556) investigated patterns of seroconversion for SARS-CoV-2 IgG in patients with HMs. A total of 237 patients, SARS-CoV-2 PCR-positive with at least one SARS-CoV-2 IgG test performed during their care, entered the analysis. Among these, 62 (26·2%) had myeloid, 121 (51·1%) lymphoid and 54 (22·8%) plasma cell neoplasms. Overall, 69% of patients (164 of 237) had detectable IgG SARS-CoV-2 serum antibodies. Serologically negative patients (31%, 73 of 237) were evenly distributed across patients with myeloid, lymphoid and plasma cell neoplasms. In the multivariable logistic regression, chemoimmunotherapy [odds ratio (OR), 3·42; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1·04–11·21; P=0·04] was associated with a lower rate of seroconversion. This effect did not decline after 180days from treatment withdrawal (OR, 0·35; 95% CI: 0·11–1·13; P=0·08). This study demonstrates a low rate of seroconversion in HM patients and indicates that treatment-mediated immune dysfunction is the main driver. As a consequence, we expect a low rate of seroconversion after vaccination and thus we suggest testing the efficacy of seroconversion in HM patients.
Published: 2021

26. Heartland Virus Transmission, Suffolk County, New York, USA

Author: Joseph G. Maffei, Laura D. Kramer, Melissa A. Prusinski, Kiet A. Ngo, Alan P. Dupuis, Alexander T. Ciota, P. Bryon Backenson, Scott R. Campbell, Fumiko Ribbe, Michael P. Santoriello, Christopher L. Romano, Cheri A. Koetzner, Stephen M. Rich, Collin O'Connor, and Guang Xu
Subjects: Phlebovirus, Microbiology (medical), Heartland Virus Transmission, Suffolk County, New York, USA, Epidemiology, New York, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Odocoileus, Tick, ticks, law.invention, Amblyomma americanum, law, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, viruses, Seroconversion, Suffolk County, Disease surveillance, biology, Deer, HRTV, Dispatch, transmission, vector–borne infections, Heartland virus, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, United States, white–tailed deer, zoonoses, white-tailed deer, Infectious Diseases, Transmission (mechanics), Geography, arboviruses, surveillance, Medicine, lone star tick
Abstract: During 2018, Heartland virus RNA was detected in an Amblyomma americanum tick removed from a resident of Suffolk County, New York, USA. The persons showed seroconversion. Tick surveillance and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) serosurveys showed widespread distribution in Suffolk County, emphasizing a need for disease surveillance anywhere A. americanum ticks are established or emerging.
Published: 2021

27. A Novel SPINK5 Gene Mutation Associated with Netherton Syndrome in an Omani Patient

Author: Nashat Al Sukaiti, Nishath Hamza, Khwater Abdelrahman Mohammed Ahmed, Rosa Romano, Uday A. Gokhale, and Qiand-Pan Hammarström
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Oman, biology, business.industry, Genetic counseling, Congenital Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, General Medicine, Gene mutation, medicine.disease, Immunoglobulin E, Dermatology, Primary Immunodeficiency Disease, Netherton Syndrome, Case report, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Genetics, medicine, Primary immunodeficiency, biology.protein, Netherton syndrome, Serine peptidase, Serine Peptidase Inhibitor Kazal Type 5, business, Gene
Abstract: Netherton syndrome (NS) is an autosomal recessive primary immunodeficiency. It is characterised by substantial skin barrier defects and is often misdiagnosed as severe atopic dermatitis or hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome. Although more than 80 NS-associated pathogenic mutations in the serine peptidase inhibitor kazal type 5 (SPINK5) gene have been reported worldwide, only one has been reported in the Arab population to date. We report the case of a novel association between the c.1887+1G>A mutation in the SPINK5 gene and NS in an Omani-Arab patient born in 2014 who was managed at a paediatric immunology clinic in Muscat, Oman. Accurate genetic diagnosis facilitated tailored clinical management of the index patient and enabled the provision of genetic counselling and offering of future reproductive options to the individuals related to the index patient. Keywords: Netherton Syndrome; Primary Immunodeficiency Disease; Serine Peptidase Inhibitor Kazal Type 5; Congenital Ichthyosiform Erythroderma; Genetics; Case report; Oman.
Published: 2021

28. Rostral morphology of Spinosauridae (Theropoda, Megalosauroidea): premaxilla shape variation and a new phylogenetic inference

Author: Mauro Bruno da Silva Lacerda, Orlando N. Grillo, and Pedro S. R. Romano
Subjects: Premaxilla, medicine.anatomical_structure, Spinosauridae, Variation (linguistics), Megalosauroidea, biology, Phylogenetic inference, Evolutionary biology, medicine, Morphology (biology), General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, biology.organism_classification, Theropoda
Published: 2021

29. Can Periodontitis Affect the Health and Disease of the Digestive System? A Comprehensive Review of Epidemiological Evidence and Biological Mechanisms

Author: Federica Romano, Filippo Citterio, Giacomo Baima, Mario Aimetti, Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone, Angelo Armandi, and Mamdouh Muwalla
Subjects: Periodontitis, biology, business.industry, Colorectal cancer, Periodontal diseases, Peptic, Cancer, Disease, Helicobacter pylori, Gum-gut axis, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Inflammatory bowel disease, Liver disease, Dysbiosis, Microbiome, Pancreas, Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous), Immunology, Medicine, Surgery, Oral Surgery, business
Abstract: There is increasing evidence on the connections between chronic oral inflammation/infection and the pathophysiological conditions of the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs of digestion. The aim of this review is to provide a critical synthesis regarding the epidemiological, clinical, and in vivo associations between periodontitis and the most relevant diseases of the digestive system. An increasing body of dental and medical literature is supporting the gum-gut axis as a relevant mechanism to explain the associations between periodontitis and systemic diseases. Indeed, shared microbiological and immunological pathways have been identified between periodontitis and gut diseases, and translocation of oral bacteria to the lower parts of the digestive system has been postulated as a driver for peptic ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease, liver disease, and ultimately digestive cancers. For the upper digestive tract, epidemiologic association between periodontitis and gastroesophageal reflux disease or squamous cell carcinoma remains conflicting, despite oral keystone pathogens having been consistently found in esophageal and gastric cancer tissue biopsies. The oral cavity represents a reservoir for Helicobacter pylori, with periodontal therapy increasing the eradication and the non-recurrence rate of the infection. Regarding bowel diseases, gut dysbiosis is being progressively ascertained in close relation to periodontal infection, and periodontitis is being investigated among the risk indicators for colorectal cancer. Lastly, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cirrhosis were epidemiologically linked to periodontitis, while its association with pancreatic tumors represents one of the most intriguing fields of research in periomedicine.
Published: 2021

30. Taxonomic and biological characterization and predatory activity of four nematophagous fungi isolates of Arthrobotrys species from Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico

Author: Gloria Sarahí Castañeda-Ramírez, Esteban Sánchez-Martínez, Jesús Hernández-Romano, Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino, and Pedro Mendoza-de-Gives
Subjects: Arthrobotrys species, biology, fungi, Botany, Biological pest control, Soil Science, biology.organism_classification, Agronomy and Crop Science, Arthrobotrys
Abstract: A batch of nematophagous fungi (NF), isolated from soil and animal faeces at Tapachula, Chiapas, Mexico, was identified through morphological methods and molecular tools. Additionally, the fungi we...
Published: 2021

31. A new dual translocation of chromosome 14 in a pediatric Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia patient: t(8;14) and t(14;15)

Author: Virginia Schuttenberg, Alejandra Costa, Belén Iarossi, Mariana Quatrin, Irma Slavutsky, Vanesa Gimenez, Claudia Pasti, and Silvina Romano
Subjects: Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14, Male, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Oncogene, Cytogenetics, Chromosome, Chromosomal translocation, Biology, Prognosis, medicine.disease, Malignancy, Burkitt Lymphoma, Translocation, Genetic, Lymphoma, Leukemia, Chromosome 18, Genetics, medicine, Cancer research, Humans, Child, Molecular Biology, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8
Abstract: Burkitt lymphoma/leukemia (BL/L) is an aggressive mature B-cell malignancy cytogenetically characterized by the translocation t(8;14)(q24;q32) or its variants, which determines the juxtaposition of the MYC oncogene to one of the three immunoglobulin loci. In addition to MYC translocations, different secondary genetic abnormalities have been described, some of them with prognostic significance. However, dual translocations of chromosome 14, except those involving chromosome 18, are very rare events in this pathology. Herein, we present the coexistence of translocations t(8;14) and t(14;15) in a pediatric BL/L patient. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a translocation t(14;15)(q32;q22) as a secondary alteration in a BL/L patient. The patient had multiple complications at diagnosis but he evolved favorably reaching complete remission. The description of new secondary alterations in this pathology as well as their impact on clinical evolution, add information to the biological characterization of BL, contributing to a higher accuracy in the diagnosis and/or prognosis of the disease.
Published: 2021

32. The sperm structure and the spermiogenesis of the drugstore beetle Stegobium paniceum (L.) (Coleoptera-Ptinidae-Anobinae)

Author: Romano Dallai, Pietro Paolo Fanciulli, Pietro Lupetti, David Mercati, and Claudio Cucini
Subjects: Axoneme, Centriole, Spermiogenesis, Beetle sperm ultrastructure, Electron microscopy, Insect reproduction, Insect spermiogenesis, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Sperm, Cell biology, Ultrastructure, Lasioderma serricorne, Animal Science and Zoology, Drugstore beetle, Acrosome
Abstract: We describe in this paper the morphology of the male reproductive system, the spermiogenesis and the sperm ultrastructure of the drugstore beetle S. paniceum (L) (Coleoptera, Ptinidae). The male reproductive apparatus has a pair of long testes with six follicles, filled with cysts, each containing 128 germ cells. The sperm is about 480 μm long and is endowed of an apical spiral cylindrical acrosome, 1.7 μm long. The nucleus, 25 μm long, is also cylindrical at maturity. During spermiogenesis the nuclear envelope gives rise to two ovoid membranous structures flanking the nucleus for its whole length. The centriole adjunct material is configurated as concentric electron-dense rings. The flagellar components have a helical array; the axoneme has the typical 9 + 9+2 pattern for most of its length, but in the posterior flagellar region it modifies greatly its ultrastructure and is embedded in an electron-dense material. The two accessory bodies have a crescent-moon shape in the mature sperm, but at the beginning of spermiogenesis they are small structures lateral to the axoneme, later assuming a crescent-moon structure. A flattened cistern located between the axoneme and the plasma membrane is present in the early spermatids, but soon it fuses with the plasma membrane. Two symmetrical, largely crystallized mitochondrial derivatives are present for most of the flagellar length. S. paniceum and Lasioderma serricorne share several sperm structures. Ultrastructural results and molecular data confirm a close relationship between these two species and support their positioning within Ptinidae.
Published: 2021

33. A Case of Zoonotic Ancylostoma ceylanicum Infection in a Suburban Area of Selangor, Malaysia

Author: Chong Chin Heo, Abdul Rani Rafiz, and Romano Ngui
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Veterinary medicine, medicine.diagnostic_test, biology, Colonoscopy, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, biology.organism_classification, Albendazole, Ancylostomiasis, Nematode, parasitic diseases, Infestation, Epidemiology, medicine, Parasitology, Cyst, medicine.drug, Ancylostoma ceylanicum
Abstract: INTRODUCTION The animal hookworm, Ancylostoma ceylanicum, is a dominant hookworm species of dogs and cats. However, it has increasingly been found infecting humans in Southeast Asia. PURPOSE We report an autochthonous case of A. ceylanicum in a suburban area of Selangor, Malaysia. A 66-year-old Indian lady who is an avid gardener presented with chronic diarrhea of 4 months' duration. METHODS The patient was examined clinically and colonoscopy was performed. Adult parasites obtained via colonoscopy were subjected to microscopy and molecular investigations. RESULTS Clinical examinations were unremarkable, and blood investigation revealed normochromic normocytic anemia. Stool occult blood was positive but negative for ova, cyst and adult parasites. Colonoscopy performed showed multiple diverticulae and worm infestation from the terminal ileum to sigmoid colon. Morphological examination on the adult worms showed the specific characteristics of Ancylostoma species. Molecular investigations further confirmed the nematode as Ancylostoma ceylanicum. She was treated with albendazole 400 mg daily for 3 days with symptomatic improvements sustained 3 months later. It is suspected that the patient had ingested or contacted soil contaminated with filariform larvae while gardening. CONCLUSION Information on the A. ceylanicum infection in humans, especially in urban and suburban areas, is limited, necessitating further epidemiological and clinical studies.
Published: 2021

34. Urticaria: The 1-1-1 Criterion for Optimized Risk Stratification in β-Lactam Allergy Delabeling

Author: Francesco Gaeta, Antonino Romano, Vito Sabato, Rocco Luigi Valluzzi, Athina L. Van Gasse, and Didier G. Ebo
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Allergy, Urticaria, Penicillins, beta-Lactams, Immunoglobulin E, Logistic regression, Risk Assessment, Drug Hypersensitivity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Skin Tests, Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, biology, business.industry, Pharmacology. Therapy, Area under the curve, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Confidence interval, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 030228 respiratory system, biology.protein, Human medicine, Risk assessment, business, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background A spurious label of β-lactam allergy compromises antibiotic stewardship. Delabeling protocols based on direct challenges (ie, not preceded by allergy tests) can be applied in low-risk patients. Objective This study aims at determining the significance of the characteristics of urticaria in the risk stratification for delabeling. Methods The characteristics of urticarial eruptions that had occurred during therapeutic courses with a β-lactam, namely the time interval between the exposure and onset, the dose (first or subsequent) after which urticaria appeared, and the duration of the eruption, were correlated to the results of a systematic allergy workup (skin tests, specific IgE measurements, and challenges). Data from 410 patients enrolled in 3 allergy centers (Rome and Troina, Italy, and Antwerp, Belgium) were analyzed. A multivariable logistic regression was performed, which included appearance within 1 hour after the first dose and regression within 1 day: a model that can be summarized as the “1-1-1” urticaria criterion. Results An urticarial eruption that had appeared within 1 hour after the first dose and had regressed within 1 day was more frequently reported in the group with a positive allergy workup, with odds ratios of 17 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9-31), 11 (95% CI: 6-20), and 48 (95% CI: 14-157), respectively (P < .005). The 1-1-1 criterion displayed a sensitivity and specificity of 85%, and a negative predictive value and a positive predictive value of 80% and 90%, respectively. Conclusion Patients with urticaria meeting the 1-1-1 criterion should be considered at high risk and referred for an allergy workup with skin testing and specific IgE measurement before challenging.
Published: 2021

35. Of Whales and Genes: Unraveling the Physiological Response to Stressors in Belugas (Delphinapterus leucas) at the Molecular Level

Author: Ebru Unal and Tracy A. Romano
Subjects: QH301-705.5, Beluga, Zoology, stress, Immune system, blood, biology.animal, Gene expression, Biology (General), Gene, Leucas, biology, Whale, Stressor, health, General Medicine, whale, biology.organism_classification, immune system, Real-time polymerase chain reaction, QL1-991, cetacean, quantitative PCR, gene expression, beluga
Abstract: Marine mammals, now more than ever, are exposed to environmental and anthropogenic stressors. A better understanding of stress physiology in marine mammals is warranted in order to assist in conservation efforts. This study screened gene expression profiles (cytokines, stress-response markers) in blood samples collected opportunistically under controlled conditions from aquarium belugas during transport and introduction to a novel environment (T/NEnv), participation in out-of-water examinations (OWE) and from wild belugas during live capture–release health assessments (WLCR). Quantitative-PCR was used to measure gene expression involved in physiological and immune responses at different time scales. Linear mixed models with repeated measures and pairwise comparisons were used for analysis. Overall, a generalized down-regulation of relative gene expression when compared to samples collected under behavioral control from aquarium whales or to pre-assessment samples of wild whales was observed, with genes IFNγ, IL2, TGFβ and Nr3c1 displaying the largest significant (p &lt, 0.05) changes. Significant (p &lt, 0.05) negative associations of inflammatory gene expression with norepinephrine suggest inhibitory effects of catecholamines on the inflammatory response. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of the physiological response to stressors at the molecular level in belugas, and the genes suggested here can further be utilized as additional tools in beluga health assessments and monitoring.
Published: 2021

36. The tradeoff between information and pathogen transmission in animal societies

Author: Andrew J. J. MacIntosh, Valéria Romano, and Cédric Sueur
Subjects: Communication, Transmission (mechanics), law, business.industry, Sciences de l'environnement/Biodiversité et Ecologie, Social behaviour, Biology, Social evolution, business, Pathogen, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, law.invention
Published: 2022

37. The Inflammatory Feed-Forward Loop Triggered by the Complement Component C3 as a Potential Target in Endometriosis

Author: Andrea Balduit, Sonia Zorzet, Chiara Agostinis, Paolo Macor, Anna Martorana, Gaia Morello, Beatrice Belmonte, Alessandro Mangogna, Miriam Toffoli, Federico Romano, Roberta Bulla, Violetta Borelli, Giuseppe Ricci, Gabriella Zito, Uday Kishore, Agostinis C., Zorzet S., Balduit A., Zito G., Mangogna A., Macor P., Romano F., Toffoli M., Belmonte B., Morello G., Martorana A., Borelli V., Ricci G., Kishore U., Bulla R., Agostinis, Chiara, Zorzet, Sonia, Balduit, Andrea, Zito, Gabriella, Mangogna, Alessandro, Macor, Paolo, Romano, Federico, Toffoli, Miriam, Belmonte, Beatrice, Morello, Gaia, Martorana, Anna, Borelli, Violetta, Ricci, Giuseppe, Kishore, Uday, and Bulla, Roberta
Subjects: endometriosis, THP-1 Cells, TNF-a, mast cells, Peritoneal Diseases, Cell Degranulation, Endometrium, Immunology and Allergy, Original Research, Mice, Knockout, medicine.diagnostic_test, endometriosi, Complement C3, Hep G2 Cells, Antibody opsonization, medicine.anatomical_structure, Complement C3a, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Female, Inflammation Mediators, Signal Transduction, Immunology, Biology, Settore MED/08 - Anatomia Patologica, Immunofluorescence, Peritoneal cavity, Peritoneum, medicine, Animals, Humans, Settore MED/05 - Patologia Clinica, C3, complement system, Innate immune system, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Peritoneal fluid, RC581-607, Coculture Techniques, Immunity, Innate, Complement system, Immunity, Humoral, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Case-Control Studies, TNF-α, Cancer research, Peritoneal Disease, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, mast cell
Abstract: Copyright © 2021 Agostinis, Zorzet, Balduit, Zito, Mangogna, Macor, Romano, Toffoli, Belmonte, Morello, Martorana, Borelli, Ricci, Kishore and Bulla. The complement system is a major component of humoral innate immunity, acting as a first line of defense against microbes via opsonization and lysis of pathogens. However, novel roles of the complement system in inflammatory and immunological processes, including in cancer, are emerging. Endometriosis (EM), a benign disease characterized by ectopic endometrial implants, shows certain unique features of cancer, such as the capacity to invade surrounding tissues, and in severe cases, metastatic properties. A defective immune surveillance against autologous tissue deposited in the peritoneal cavity allows immune escape for endometriotic lesions. There is evidence that the glandular epithelial cells found in endometriotic implants produce and secrete the complement component C3. Here, we show, using immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR, the presence of locally synthesized C3 in the ectopic endometriotic tissue, but not in the eutopic tissue. We generated a murine model of EM via injection of minced uterine tissue from a donor mouse into the peritoneum of recipient mice. The wild type mice showed greater amount of cyst formation in the peritoneum compared to C3 knock-out mice. Peritoneal washings from the wild type mice with EM showed more degranulated mast cells compared to C3 knock-out mice, consistent with higher C3a levels in the peritoneal fluid of EM patients. We provide evidence that C3a participates in an auto-amplifying loop leading to mast cell infiltration and activation, which is pathogenic in EM. Thus, C3 can be considered a marker of EM and its local synthesis can promote the engraftment of the endometriotic cysts. Ministry of Health: Project code: ENDO-2020-23670288 “Pathogenesis of endometriosis: the role of genes, inflammation and environment”; Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy (RC20/16, RC23/18; 5MILLE15D; PORFESR 2014/2020 FVG (“TiCheP” project).
Published: 2021

38. Clinical spectrum and follow‐up in six individuals with Lamb–Shaffer syndrome ( <scp>SOX5</scp> )

Author: Elisa Giorgio, Alfredo Brusco, Claudio Graziano, Pamela Magini, Donatella Greco, Diana Carli, Giovanni Battista Ferrero, Corrado Romano, Ornella Galesi, Giovanni Innella, Innella G., Greco D., Carli D., Magini P., Giorgio E., Galesi O., Ferrero G.B., Romano C., Brusco A., and Graziano C.
Subjects: Adult, Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Skeletal anomalies, MEDLINE, Biology, SOX5, Lamb–Shaffer syndrome, mosaicism, soxopathy, LAMB-SHAFFER SYNDROME, genetic disease, Intellectual disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Child, Preschool, Genetics (clinical), Aged, Lamb-Shaffer syndrome, skeletal anomalies, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, neurodevelopmental syndrome, DNA-Binding Proteins, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, intellectual disability, Child, Preschool, SOX5, Lamb-Shaffer syndrome, neurodevelopmental syndrome, genetic disease, intellectual disability, skeletal anomalies, Female, SOX5, SOXD Transcription Factors
Published: 2020

39. First evidence for N7-Platinated Guanosine derivatives cell uptake mediated by plasma membrane transport processes

Author: Tiziano Verri, Francesco Paolo Fanizzi, Alessandro Romano, Danilo Migoni, Amilcare Barca, Erik De Luca, Michele Benedetti, Chiara Roberta Girelli, Federica De Castro, De Castro, F., De Luca, E., Girelli, C. R., Barca, A., Romano, A., Migoni, D., Verri, T., Benedetti, M., and Fanizzi, F. P.
Subjects: Organoplatinum Compounds, Stereochemistry, Cell, Guanosine, Antitumor drug, HeLa Cell, Biochemistry, Metalated purine, Inorganic Chemistry, HeLa, chemistry.chemical_compound, medicine, Humans, Cytotoxicity, biology, Chemistry, Cytotoxins, Cell Membrane, Antiviral drug, Biological Transport, Metabolism, Membrane transport, Nucleoside analogue, biology.organism_classification, medicine.anatomical_structure, Membrane, Nucleic acid, Cytotoxin, Platinum based drug, HeLa Cells, Human
Abstract: Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NA) belong to a family of compounds widely used in anticancer/antiviral treatments. They generally exhibit a cell toxicity limited by cellular uptake levels and the resulting nucleos(t)ides metabolism modifications, interfering with the cell machinery for nucleic acids synthesis. We previously synthesized purine nucleos(t)ide analogues N7-coordinated to a platinum centre with unaltered sugar moieties of the type: [Pt(dien)(N7-dGuo)]2+ (1; dien = diethylenetriamine; dGuo = 2'-deoxy-guanosine), [Pt(dien)(N7-dGMP)] (2; dGMP = 5'-(2'-deoxy)-guanosine monophosphate), and [Pt(dien)(N7-dGTP)]2- (3; dGTP = 5'-(2'-deoxy)-guanosine triphosphate), where the indicated electric charge is calculated at physiological pH (7.4). In this work, we specifically investigated the uptake of these complexes (1-3) at the plasma membrane level. Specific experiments on HeLa cervical cancer cells indicated a relevant cellular uptake of the model platinated deoxynucleos(t)ide 1 and 3 while complex 2 appeared unable to cross the cell plasma membrane. Obtained data buttress an uptake mechanism involving Na+-dependent concentrative transporters localized at the plasma membrane level. Consistently, 1 and 3 showed higher cytotoxicity with respect to complex 2 also suggesting selective possible applications as antiviral/antitumor drugs among the used model compounds.
Published: 2022

40. Early high antibody titre convalescent plasma for hospitalised COVID-19 patients: DAWn-plasma

Author: Devos, Timothy, Van Thillo, Quentin, Compernolle, Veerle, Najdovski, Tomé, Romano, Marta, Dauby, Nicolas, Jadot, Laurent, Leys, Mathias, Maillart, Evelyne, Loof, Sarah, Seyler, Lucie, Moonen, Martial, Moutschen, Michel, Van Regenmortel, Niels, Ariën, Kevin K., Barbezange, Cyril, Betrains, Albrecht, Garigliany, Mutien, Engelen, Matthias M., Gyselinck, Iwein, Maes, Piet, Schauwvlieghe, Alexander, Liesenborghs, Laurens, Belmans, Ann, Verhamme, Peter, Meyfroidt, Geert, DAWn-plasma investigators, [ missing ], Gyselinck, Iwein/0000-0002-4068-7228, Barbezange, Cyril/0000-0001-9606-2983, Dauby, Nicolas/0000-0002-7697-6849, Liesenborghs, Laurens/0000-0001-5616-8548, Devos , Timothy, Van Thillo, Quentin, Compernolle, Veerle, Najdovski, Tome, Romano, Marta, Dauby, Nicolas, Jadot, Laurent, Leys, Mathias, Maillart, Evelyne, Loof, Sarah, Seyler , Lucie, Moonen , Martial, Moutschen, Michel, Van Regenmortel, Niels, Arien, Kevin K., Barbezange, Cyril, Betrains, Albrecht, Garigliany, Mutien, Engelen, Matthias M., Gyselinck, Iwein, Maes, Piet, Schauwvlieghe, Alexander, Liesenborghs, Laurens, Belmans, Ann, Verhamme, Peter, Meyfroidt, Geert, DAWn-plasma investigators, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Specializations, and Clinical sciences
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Convalescent plasma, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), medicine.medical_treatment, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Antibodies, Viral, Antibodies, Viral/blood, Internal medicine, medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Humans, Prospective Studies, Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood, Adverse effect, Mechanical ventilation, biology, business.industry, Immunization, Passive, COVID-19, Odds ratio, Sciences bio-médicales et agricoles, Antibodies, Neutralizing, Clinical trial, Hospitalization, Treatment Outcome, DAWn-plasma investigators, biology.protein, Human medicine, Antibody, business, COVID-19/therapy
Abstract: Background Several randomised clinical trials have studied convalescent plasma (CP) for COVID-19 using different protocols, with different SARS-CoV-2 neutralising-antibody-titres, at different time-points and severities of illness. Methods In the prospective multicentre DAWN-plasma trial, adult patients hospitalised with COVID-19 were randomised to 4 units of open-label convalescent plasma combined with standard of care (intervention group) or standard of care alone (control group). Plasma from donors with neutralising-antibody-titres (NT50) ≥1/320 was the product of choice for the study. Results Between May 2nd, 2020 and January 26th, 2021, 320 patients were randomised to convalescent plasma and 163 patients to the control group according to a 2:1 allocation scheme. A median volume of 884 mL convalescent plasma (IQR 806–906 mL) was administered, and 80.68% of the units came from donors with neutralising-antibody-titres (NT50) ≥1/320. Median time from onset of symptoms to randomisation was 7 days. The proportion of patients alive and free of mechanical ventilation on Day 15 was not different between both groups (convalescent plasma: 83.74% (n=267) versus control: 84.05% (n=137) – Odds ratio 0.99 (0.59–1.66) – p-value=0.9772). The intervention did not change the natural course of antibody titres. The number of serious or severe adverse events was similar in both study arms, and transfusion-related side effects were reported in 19/320 patients in the intervention group (5.94%). Conclusions Transfusion of 4 units of convalescent plasma with high neutralising-antibody-titres early in hospitalised COVID-19 patients did not result in a significant improvement of the clinical status, or a reduced mortality., info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2022

41. Silencing of a Pseudo-nitzschia arenysensis lipoxygenase transcript leads to reduced oxylipin production and impaired growth

Author: Angelo Fontana, Giovanna Romano, Maria Luisa Chiusano, Ida Orefice, Luca Ambrosino, Maria Immacolata Ferrante, Valeria Sabatino, Pina Marotta, Giuliana d'Ippolito, Sabatino, Valeria, Orefice, Ida, Marotta, Pina, Ambrosino, Luca, Chiusano, Maria Luisa, D'Ippolito, Giuliana, Romano, Giovanna, Fontana, Angelo, and Ferrante, Maria Immacolata
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Physiology, In silico, Lipoxygenase, Oxylipin, Pseudo-nitzschia arenysensi, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, biosynthesi, Downregulation and upregulation, RNA interference, algal growth, Gene silencing, Oxylipins, Gene, 030304 developmental biology, Diatoms, 0303 health sciences, Pseudo-nitzschia arenysensis, biology, Chemistry, RNA-interference, diatom, gene function, Biochemistry, biology.protein, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), biosynthesis, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract: Because of their importance as chemical mediators, the presence of a rich and varied family of lipoxygenase (LOX) products, collectively named oxylipins, has been investigated thoroughly in diatoms, and the involvement of these products in important processes such as bloom regulation has been postulated. Nevertheless, little information is available on the enzymes and pathways operating in these protists. Exploiting transcriptome data, we identified and characterized a LOX gene, PaLOX, in Pseudo-nitzschia arenysensis, a marine diatom known to produce different species of oxylipins by stereo- and regio-selective oxidation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) at C12 and C15. PaLOX RNA interference correlated with a decrease of the lipid-peroxidizing activity and oxylipin synthesis, as well as with a reduction of growth of P. arenysensis. In addition, sequence analysis and structure models of the C-terminal part of the predicted protein closely fitted with the data for established LOXs from other organisms. The presence in the genome of a single LOX gene, whose downregulation impairs both 12- and 15-oxylipins synthesis, together with the in silico 3D protein modelling suggest that PaLOX encodes for a 12/15S-LOX with a dual specificity, and provides additional support to the correlation between cell growth and oxylipin biosynthesis in diatoms.
Published: 2022

42. Clinical Features and Outcomes of Paediatric Patients With Isolated Colonic Crohn Disease

Author: Berger, Tal David, Lee, Huey Miin, Padmanaban, Lavenya Ramasamy, Wine, Eytan, Yerushalmy-Feler, Anat, Hojsak, Iva, Kazeka, Denis, Serban, Daniela Elena, Yogev, Dotan, Ledder, Oren, Lionetti, Paolo, Scarallo, Luca, Gasparetto, Marco, Croft, Nicholas M, Miele, Erasmo, Staiano, Annamaria, Meredith, Joseph, Aloi, Marina, Alvisi, Patrizia, Urlep, Darja, Weiss, Batia, Malham, Mikkel, Matar, Manar, Navas-López, Víctor Manuel, Romano, Claudio, Dipasquale, Valeria, Norsa, Lorenzo, Kolho, Kaija-Leena, Shamir, Raanan, Shouval, Dror S, Paediatric IBD Porto Group of ESPGHAN, Berger, Tal David, Lee, Huey Miin, Padmanaban, Lavenya Ramasamy, Wine, Eytan, Yerushalmy-Feler, Anat, Hojsak, Iva, Kazeka, Deni, Serban, Daniela Elena, Yogev, Dotan, Ledder, Oren, Lionetti, Paolo, Scarallo, Luca, Gasparetto, Marco, Croft, Nicholas M, Miele, Erasmo, Staiano, Annamaria, Meredith, Joseph, Aloi, Marina, Alvisi, Patrizia, Urlep, Darja, Weiss, Batia, Malham, Mikkel, Matar, Manar, Navas-López, Víctor Manuel, Romano, Claudio, Dipasquale, Valeria, Norsa, Lorenzo, Kolho, Kaija-Leena, Shamir, Raanan, Shouval, Dror S, Clinicum, Children's Hospital, and HUS Children and Adolescents
Subjects: paediatric, AZATHIOPRINE, medicine.medical_treatment, CHILDREN, Disease, Gastroenterology, Crohn Disease, 3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics, Child, Colectomy, Paediatric patients, biology, Panca, INDUCTION, Crohn disease, Ulcerative colitis, MANIFESTATIONS, ULCERATIVE-COLITIS, 3143 Nutrition, medicine.symptom, MAINTENANCE THERAPY, medicine.medical_specialty, PHENOTYPES, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic, Diagnosis, Differential, inflammatory bowel disease, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, EXCLUSIVE ENTERAL NUTRITION, isolated colonic Crohn, Antibodies, Fungal, ulcerative colitis, Retrospective Studies, Colonic Crohn's disease, business.industry, ASCA, pANCA, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Hematochezia, Parenteral nutrition, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, ANTIBODIES, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Colitis, Ulcerative, business
Abstract: Objectives: Adult studies suggest that patients with isolated colonic Crohn disease (L2 CD) exhibit unique characteristics differentiating them from patients with ileo-caecal (L1) CD and ulcerative colitis (UC). We aimed to characterize clinical features and outcomes of paediatric patients with L2. Methods: Retrospective data was collected through the Porto Inflammatory Bowel Disease group of the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) on Paediatric patients with L2, L1 or UC at different time-points. Outcome measures included time to first flare, hospital admissions, initiation of anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) drug, stricture and surgery. Results: Three hundred patients were included: 102 L1, 94 L2 and 104 UC. Rates of hematochezia at presentation were 14.7%, 44.7% and 95.2%, while rates of fever were 12.7%, 26.6% and 2.9%, for patients with L1, L2 and UC, respectively (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). Skip lesions were identified in 65% of patients with L2, and granulomas in 36%, similar to L1 patients. Rates of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) and perinuclear antineutrophil cytoplasmic (pANCA) positivity significantly differed between the three groups: 25.4% and 16.7% for patients with L2, compared with 55.2% and 2.3%, and 1.8% and 52.9% for patients with L1 and UC, respectively. Response rates to exclusive enteral nutrition were comparable between L1 and L2 (78.3-82.4%), as was the response to oral steroids (70.4-76.5%) in the three groups. While times to first flare and admission were similar between groups, patients with L1 were commenced on anti-TNF alpha earlier. Moreover, stricturing phenotype and need for colectomy were very rare in patients with L2. Conclusions: Significant differences are observed in the clinical presentation and outcomes of Paediatric patients with L2, compared to patients with L1 and UC.
Published: 2022

43. Impact of chitosan on plant tissue culture: recent applications

Author: Natacha Coelho and Anabela Romano
Subjects: Biopolymer, Biocompatibility, business.industry, Plant tissue culture, technology, industry, and agriculture, food and beverages, Biomaterial, Context (language use), macromolecular substances, Horticulture, Biodegradation, Biology, Elicitor, Seed germination, equipment and supplies, Stress resistance, Biotechnology, carbohydrates (lipids), Chitosan, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Sustainable practices, business, Plant growth
Abstract: Chitosan is a very versatile biomaterial with countless applications in different fields. Due to its biodegradability, non-toxicity, and biocompatibility, the use of chitosan is associated with sustainable practices. When applied to plants, in an agricultural context, chitosan induces defense mechanisms, stress resistance, and increased productivity and it has proven to be a feasible alternative to harmful agrochemicals. For in vitro plant culture, chitosan has been also applied to crops and other economically important species, with promising results. In this review, we discuss the recent applications of chitosan on plant tissue culture. Chitosan has been mainly used for the improvement of several growth parameters, but it has been also applied to enhance in vitro seed germination and accumulation of secondary metabolites. The plant material used, the concentrations and forms of chitosan employed, and the influence of chitosan on other plant parameters during in vitro culture are revised. We anticipate that chitosan applications will increase in a near future because of its potential and the increasing demand for more eco-friendly procedures. The review presents an overview of the recent applications of chitosan in plant tissue culture, including growth improvement, seed germination, and elicitation of secondary metabolites. Moreover, the potential mechanisms of action of chitosan are discussed.
Published: 2021

44. Drone testing for 3D reconstruction of massive mounted skeletons in museums: the case of Mammuthus meridionalis (Nesti 1825) from Madonna della Strada (Scoppito, L’Aquila, Italy)

Author: Marco Romano, Matteo Antonelli, Silvano Agostini, Maria Adelaide Rossi, and Maria Rita Palombo
Subjects: L aquila, biology, Mammuthus meridionalis, 3D models, 3d model, photogrammetry, biology.organism_classification, drones, Unmanned aerial vehicles, vertebrate palaeontology, Archaeology, Drone, Geography, Photogrammetry, Vertebrate paleontology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Abstract: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), have seen tremendous development in the last decade, with numerous applications in civil and research fields. Drones’ success, particularly in the field of research...
Published: 2021

45. Volatile Organic Compounds from Orchis Species Found in Basilicata (Southern Italy)

Author: Vito Antonio Romano, Licia Viggiani, Rocco Racioppi, Marisabel Mecca, Richard Lorenz, and Maurizio D'Auria
Subjects: Heptadecane, scent, Polymers and Plastics, biology, gas chromatography, Orchis, Caryophyllene, Elemicin, biology.organism_classification, Solid-phase microextraction, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, chemistry.chemical_compound, Linalool, chemistry, solid-phase microextraction, Botany, Gas chromatography, Business and International Management, Aroma, mass spectrometry
Abstract: This study is part of a project devoted to determining the scent of all the orchid species present in Basilicata. All the analyses were performed by using the solid-phase microextraction technique coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The scent of eight species belonging to the Orchis genus was investigated. In the case of O. anthropophora, caryophyllene, tetradecanal and hexadecanal were the main components of the aroma, in O. purpurea, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene and elemicin were found, in O. italica, caryophyllene and 4-(3-hydroxy-2-methoxyphenyl)butan-2-one were found, in O. pauciflora, linalool and 1,4-dimethoxybenzene were found, in O. mascula, linalool was found, in O. quadripunctata, penta- and heptadecane were found, in O. provincialis, β-farnesene and farnesal were found, and in O. pallens, curcumene was the main product.
Published: 2021

46. Transference Effect of Short-Term Optimum Power Load Training on the Punching Impact of Elite Boxers

Author: Tomás T. Freitas, Felipe Romano, Michael R. McGuigan, Victor Fernandes, Mateus Alves, Lucas A. Pereira, Valter P Reis, Irineu Loturco, and Ronaldo Kobal
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, biology, Power load, Athletes, Posture, Resistance Training, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Squat, General Medicine, Athletic Performance, Boxing, biology.organism_classification, Bench press, Term (time), Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Elite, Jump, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Muscle Strength, Punching, Mathematics
Abstract: Loturco, I, Pereira, LA, Kobal, R, Fernandes, V, Reis, VP, Romano, F, Alves, M, Freitas, TT, and McGuigan, M. Transference effect of short-term optimum power load training on the punching impact of elite boxers. J Strength Cond Res 35(9): 2373-2378, 2021-This study examined the changes in bench press (BP), jump squat (JS), and half-squat (HS) power outputs induced by a short-term (1 week) training scheme based on the optimum power load (OPL) applied to national boxing athletes and measured the transference effect coefficient (TEC) of these exercises on punching impact. Eight elite boxing athletes from the Brazilian National team participated in this study. Athletes were tested before and after 3 power-oriented training sessions performed at the OPL. The physical assessments comprised punching impact measures (jabs and crosses) at fixed and self-selected distances, and bar-power output in BP, HS, and JS exercises. Magnitude-based differences were used to compare pre-training and post-training sessions. Transference effect coefficient was calculated as the ratio between the result gain in the "untrained exercises" (punching impact in jabs and crosses) and "trained exercises" (HS, JS, and BP), for variables presenting an effect size of at least 0.2. The OPL training elicited meaningful increases in the punching impact forces (∼8%) and in both JS and HS power outputs (∼12 and ∼14%, respectively), but not in BP power output. There was an effective transference (TEC = ∼0.80) of JS and HS performance gains to punching impact force, suggesting that increases in lower-limb power can be directly transferred to punching impact. These results provide coaches and practitioners with valuable information about how to rapidly and effectively increase the punching impact force of elite amateur boxers.
Published: 2021

47. An optimised protocol for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in stool

Author: Jade Davies, Enriqueta Garcia-Gutierrez, Arjan Narbad, Lizbeth Sayavedra, Chloe Hutchins, Stefano Romano, Daniel A Yara, Tianqi Li, Alp Aydin, Justin O'Grady, and Jacob Scadden
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), COVID19, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), viruses, High variability, Biology, Microbiology, Virus, law.invention, Feces, fluids and secretions, Limit of Detection, law, Humans, Polymerase chain reaction, Detection limit, FMT, SARS-CoV-2, Methodology Article, RT-qPCR, COVID-19, Virology, QR1-502, Parasitology, Stool, COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing, Clinical-test, RNA, Viral, RNA extraction
Abstract: Background SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in stool samples of COVID-19 patients, with potential implications for faecal-oral transmission. Compared to nasopharyngeal swab samples, the complexity of the stool matrix poses a challenge in the detection of the virus that has not yet been solved. However, robust and reliable methods are needed to estimate the prevalence and persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in the gut and to ensure the safety of microbiome-based procedures such as faecal microbiota transplant (FMT). The aim of this study was to establish a sensitive and reliable method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in stool samples. Results Stool samples from individuals free of SARS-CoV-2 were homogenised in saline buffer and spiked with a known titre of inactivated virus ranging from 50 to 750 viral particles per 100 mg stool. Viral particles were concentrated by ultrafiltration, RNA was extracted, and SARS-CoV-2 was detected via real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) using the CDC primers and probes. The RNA extraction procedure we used allowed for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 via RT-qPCR in most of the stool samples tested. We could detect as few as 50 viral particles per 100 mg of stool. However, high variability was observed across samples at low viral titres. The primer set targeting the N1 region provided more reliable and precise results and for this primer set our method had a limit of detection of 1 viral particle per mg of stool. Conclusions Here we describe a sensitive method for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in stool samples. This method can be used to establish the persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in stool and ensure the safety of clinical practices such as FMT.
Published: 2021

48. Hydrotime model to evaluate the effects of a set of priming agents on seed germination of two leek cultivars under water stress

Author: Alessandro Romano and Romana Bravi
Subjects: Horticulture, Germination, Plant Science, Cultivar, Priming (agriculture), Biology, Agronomy and Crop Science
Abstract: Water deficit is one of the main constraints of germination for many cultivated species. Among the techniques used to promote germination, seeds priming has been found to play a key role. In the present study, a set of different priming agents (KCl, KH2PO4, CaCl2 and PEG 8000) was tested on seeds of two leek (Allium ampeloprasum L.) cultivars ("Lungo della riviera" and "Monstrueux de Carentan") to assess the effects on germination performances both in optimal hydration condition (Ψw = 0 MPa) and under water deficit (–0.3 and –0.6 MPa). Germination percentage of "Lungo della riviera" was improved by PEG and KCl at –0.3 MPa and –0.6 MPa, respectively, whereas CaCl2 improved germination of "Monstrueux de Carentan" at –0.6 MPa. Osmopriming was beneficial in terms of germination rate although to different extent depending on genotype and priming agent. The hydrotime model showed that the effects of priming on germination rate was mostly due to a lowering of the predicted hydrotime constant (θH), whereas median base water potential Ψb (50) tended to increase following treatments albeit with some exception. In this study, hydrotime model proved to be a useful tool to test the effectiveness of different priming treatments on leek seeds and the intraspecific variability in germination capability and speed under water stress.
Published: 2021

49. Pathology and One Health implications of fatal Leptospira interrogans infection in an urbanized, free‐ranging, black‐tufted marmoset ( Callithrix penicillata ) in Brazil

Author: Alexandra A. B. Gonçalves, Jana M. Ritter, Tais M. Wilson, Alessandro Pecego Martins Romano, Cristiano Barros de Melo, Márcio Botelho de Castro, Gabriela R T Costa, Roosecelis B Martines, Zachary P. Weiner, Sherif R. Zaki, Pamela Fair, and Renee L. Galloway
Subjects: Leptospira, Callithrix penicillata, General Veterinary, General Immunology and Microbiology, biology, Transmission (medicine), Interstitial nephritis, Marmoset, Callithrix, General Medicine, Disease, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Leptospirosis, Virology, One Health, biology.animal, medicine, Animals, Leptospira interrogans, Brazil
Abstract: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic neglected disease of worldwide public health concern. Leptospira species can infect a wide range of wild and domestic mammals and lead to a spectrum of disease, including severe and fatal forms. Herein, we report for the first time a fatal Leptospira interrogans infection in a free-ranging nonhuman primate (NHP), a black-tufted marmoset. Icterus, pulmonary haemorrhage, interstitial nephritis, and hepatocellular dissociation were the main findings raising the suspicion of leptospirosis. Diagnostic confirmation was based on specific immunohistochemical and PCR assays for Leptospira species. Immunolocalization of leptospiral antigens and identification of pathogenic species (L. interrogans species) were important for better understanding the pathogenesis of the disease. One Health-related implications of free-ranging NHPs in anthropized areas and transmission dynamics of human and animal leptospirosis are discussed.
Published: 2021

50. Neutrophil activation and circulating neutrophil extracellular traps are increased in venous thromboembolism patients for at least one year after the clinical event

Author: Joyce M. Annichino-Bizzacchi, Erich Vinicius De Paula, José Luiz Rosemberis Cunha, Anna Virginia Calazans Romano, Carla Fernanda Franco Penteado, Luis Fernando Bittar, Ingrid Rafaela de Brito, Fernanda Andrade Orsi, Silmara Aparecida De Lima Montalvão, and Kiara Cristina Senger Zapponi
Subjects: Endothelium, Neutrophils, Neutrophil Activation, Article, Pathogenesis, Endothelial activation, Humans, Medicine, Endothelial dysfunction, biology, business.industry, Chemotaxis, Neutrophil, Endothelial Cells, Venous Thromboembolism, Extracellular traps, Hematology, Neutrophil extracellular traps, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, Integrin alpha M, Immunology, Adhesion, biology.protein, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Reactive oxygen species, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract: Neutrophil activation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been associated with the pathogenesis of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Considering VTE-associated chronic sequelae, which suggest that some pathological mechanisms remain after the acute episode, we investigated whether neutrophil activation is increased in patients with a prior VTE at least one year before this investigation. Thirty-seven patients with prior VTE and 37 individuals with no history of VTE were included. Neutrophil activity was evaluated by the expression of the adhesive molecule activation-specific epitopes LFA-1 (CD11a) and MAC-1 (CD11b), chemotaxis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by MPO-DNA complexes as markers of NETs. The adhesive molecules sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1, involved in the cross talk between neutrophil and endothelial cells, were also evaluated. Patient neutrophils presented increased CD11a expression before and after TNF-α stimulus, whereas increased CD11b expression was observed only after TNF-α stimulus, as compared to controls. Neutrophil chemotaxis on both, basal state and after IL-8 stimulus, on circulating levels of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1, and on MPO-DNA complexes were also increased in VTE patients. ROS release was similar between patients and controls. This is, to our knowledge, the first study to investigate neutrophil inflammatory activity in VTE patients a long period after an acute event (approximately 2 years). The results showed altered neutrophil activation patterns in these patients. While activated neutrophils can cause endothelial activation and injury, the activated endothelium can induce the release of NETs with consequent endothelial cytotoxicity, creating a vicious cycle of activation between neutrophils and endothelium that can lead to thrombosis.Graphical abstractVTE patients (approximately 2 years after the clinical event) present an altered neutrophil activation state evidenced by increased activity of the LFA-1 and Mac-1 adhesive molecules, as well as increased chemotaxis and circulating levels of NETs remnants. Circulating levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, which are endothelial adhesive molecules, are also increased in VTE patients, suggesting not only an exacerbated endothelial activation and dysfunction, but also an interaction of the neutrophil adhesive molecules with their endothelial ligands, favoring the migration process of neutrophil.
Published: 2021

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