109 results on '"Marina Paolucci"'
Search Results
2. Dietary inclusion of watermelon rind powder and Lactobacillus plantarum: Effects on Nile tilapia's growth, skin mucus and serum immunities, and disease resistance
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Siripavee Charoenwattanasak, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Mahmoud A.O. Dawood, Sutee Wongmaneeprateep, Watcharapong Naraballobh, Marina Paolucci, Hien Van Doan, and Mohsen Abdel-Tawwab
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Synbiotics ,Aquaculture ,Aquatic Science ,Plant disease resistance ,medicine.disease_cause ,Micrococcus ,Streptococcus agalactiae ,Citrullus ,Leukocyte Count ,Nile tilapia ,Animal science ,Phagocytosis ,Immunity ,Streptococcal Infections ,medicine ,Animals ,Environmental Chemistry ,Completely randomized design ,Disease Resistance ,Peroxidase ,Respiratory Burst ,Skin ,Potential impact ,biology ,Cichlids ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Animal Feed ,Mucus ,Diet ,Prebiotics ,Muramidase ,Plant Preparations ,Powders ,Lactobacillus plantarum - Abstract
An eight-week investigation was conducted to access the potential impact of dietary watermelon rind powder (WMRP) and L. plantarum CR1T5 (LP) administered individually or in combination on immunity, disease resistance, and growth rate of Nile tilapia fingerlings cultured in a biofloc system. Three hundred twenty fish (average weight 16.57 ± 0.14 g) were distributed into 16 tanks at a rate of 20 fish per tank. The fish were fed different diets: Diet 1 (0 g kg−1 WMRP and 0 CFU g−1 L. plantarum) (control), Diet 2 (40 g kg−1 WMRP), Diet 3 (108 CFU g−1 LP), and Diet 4 (40 g kg−1 WMRP + 108 CFU g−1 LP) for eight weeks. A completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications was applied. Skin mucus, serum immunity, and growth parameters were analyzed every 4 weeks, and a challenge study against S. agalactiae was conducted at the end of the experiment. The findings showed that the inclusion of WMRP + LP, administrated individually or in a mixture, significantly (P
- Published
- 2021
3. Effects of dietary arginine supplementation on cytokine‐ and antioxidant‐related gene expressions in common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) fingerling during ammonia toxicity
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Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Hien Van Doan, Ali Taheri Mirghaed, Hossein Adineh, Behrooz Abtahi, Marina Paolucci, and Morteza Yousefi
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Antioxidant ,Arginine ,Ammonia toxicity ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Aquatic Science ,Pharmacology ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,biology.organism_classification ,Cyprinus ,Common carp ,Cytokine ,medicine ,Related gene ,Oxidative stress - Published
- 2021
4. Sublethal doses of diazinon affected reproductive, immune, and oxidative status in female zebrafish (Danio rerio)
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Maryam Dadar, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Roghieh Safari, Marina Paolucci, Masoumeh Darvishi, Zahra Jarayedi, and Ali Shabani
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Diazinon ,biology ,Organophosphate ,Ovary ,Danio ,SH1-691 ,Vitellogenin ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Andrology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Immune system ,chemistry ,Immunity ,Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling ,Estrogen receptor ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Sex hormones ,Zebrafish ,Testosterone ,Hormone - Abstract
Diazion is a common pesticide which cultured fish can be exposed. There is limited information available on the possible effects of diazinon on reproductive parameters of fish. Therefore, in this study, we focused on the effects of sub-lethal doses (0, 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mg/L) of diazinon, an organophosphate insecticide on sex hormones, ovarian morphology, reproductive, immunity, and antioxidant related genes, in female zebrafish (Danio rerio) after 30 days of treatment. The expression of reproductive-related genes (CYP19a, Vtg, and ERα) significantly decreased, while the expression of the immune (TNFα and Il-1β) and antioxidant (SOD and CAT) related genes increased considerably. Among sex steroids, only progesterone significantly decreased after the treatment with Diazinon sub-lethal doses, while 17-β estradiol and testosterone did not change. The ovarian morphology showed a decrease in oocyte development in diazinon-treated groups. Understanding the function and mechanism of action of diazinon on the female reproductive, immune, and oxidant status may provide new strategies to counteract its adverse effects.
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- 2022
5. Dietary inclusion of chestnut (Castanea sativa) polyphenols to Nile tilapia reared in biofloc technology: Impacts on growth, immunity, and disease resistance against Streptococcus agalactiae
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Hien Van Doan, Marina Paolucci, Chompunut Lumsangkul, Sanchai Jaturasitha, Tran Quang Hung, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, and Ehab R. El-Haroun
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0301 basic medicine ,Aquatic Science ,Plant disease resistance ,Fagaceae ,medicine.disease_cause ,Feed conversion ratio ,Streptococcus agalactiae ,Fish Diseases ,Random Allocation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Nile tilapia ,Immune system ,Animal science ,Immunity ,Streptococcal Infections ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Animals ,Environmental Chemistry ,Disease Resistance ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,biology ,Polyphenols ,Cichlids ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Animal Feed ,Mucus ,Diet ,Oreochromis ,030104 developmental biology ,Dietary Supplements ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries - Abstract
A feeding trial was carried out to examine the effects of adding chestnut (Castanea sativa) polyphenols (CSP) on the growth, skin mucus and serum immune parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Five experimental diets with inclusion levels of 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8 g kg−1 of CSP were fed to Nile tilapia fingerlings (12.77 ± 0.17 g fish−1) during an eight-week trial. Fish were analyzed on the fourth and eighth week to determine the influences of CSP on growth, skin mucus, and serum immune parameters. Challenging test versus Streptococcus agalactiae was evaluated at the end of the trial. Fish fed with CSP enriched diets displayed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in growth and a decline in feed conversion ratio (P ≤ 0.05). Similarly, skin mucus and serum immune parameters were significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05) in fish fed CSP with respect to the control. The effects were already evident four weeks after the CSP administration. The disease protection test displayed that the fish's survival rate was significantly higher (P
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- 2020
6. Effect of dietary encapsulated organic salts (Na‐acetate, Na‐butyrate, Na‐lactate and Na‐propionate) on growth performance, haemolymph, antioxidant and digestive enzyme activities and gut microbiota of juvenile narrow clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823
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Omid Safari, Marina Paolucci, and Hamidreza Ahmadniaye Motlagh
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Butyrate ,Aquatic Science ,Gut flora ,Astacus leptodactylus ,biology.organism_classification ,Crayfish ,Leptodactylus ,chemistry ,Digestive enzyme ,Hemolymph ,Propionate ,biology.protein ,Food science - Published
- 2020
7. Sexual parameters, digestive enzyme activities, and growth performance of guppy ( <scp> Poecilia reticulata </scp> ) fed garlic ( <scp> Allium sativum </scp> ) extract supplemented diets
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Marina Paolucci, Hamidreza Ahmadniaye Motlagh, Omid Safari, and Mahkameh Lashkarizadeh Bami
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Poecilia ,biology ,Allium sativum extract ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Digestive enzyme ,biology.protein ,Food science ,Aquatic Science ,Reproduction ,biology.organism_classification ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Guppy ,media_common - Published
- 2020
8. Combined and Singular Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Persian Shallot (Allium hirtifolium Boiss) and Synbiotic Biomin®IMBO on Growth Performance, Serum- and Mucus-Immune Parameters and Antioxidant Defense in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
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Hien Van Doan, Hamed Ghafarifarsani, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Morteza Yousefi, Marina Paolucci, Maedeh Talebi, and Rudabeh Rufchaei
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Antioxidant ,animal structures ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Veterinary medicine ,growth ,Glutathione reductase ,Article ,Superoxide dismutase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,SF600-1100 ,medicine ,Food science ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,General Veterinary ,biology ,Glutathione peroxidase ,synbiotic ,Biomin ,zebrafish ,immunity ,humanities ,chemistry ,QL1-991 ,Catalase ,herbal medicine ,biology.protein ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Lysozyme ,medicine.symptom ,Weight gain ,Zoology - Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate combined and singular effects of ethanolic extract of Persian shallot (Allium hirtifolium Boiss) and synbiotic Biomin®IMBO on growth performance, innate immune responses, and antioxidant defense in zebrafish (Danio rerio). Fish with initial weight of 151.90 ± 0.31 mg were allocated in 21 10-L glass aquariums. The experimental groups were as follows: T1, control (without any supplementation), T2, 1% synbiotic, T3, 3% synbiotic, T4, 1% Persian shallot (as a medical plant), T5, 3% Persian shallot, T6, 1% Persian shallot and 1% synbiotic, T7, 3% Persian shallot and 3% synbiotic. At the end of the experiment (60 days), all treatments significantly showed higher final weight (FW), weight gain (WG), WG (%), and specific growth rate (SGR) compared with the fish fed on control diet. Furthermore, both synbiotic Biomin®IMBO and Persian shallot significantly improved intestine immune parameters including lysozyme, alternative complement hemolytic activity (ACH50), total immunoglobulin (total Ig), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) of zebrafish compared to fish fed on control diet (p <, 0.05). Also, in all experimental groups, hepatic catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) activities significantly increased compared to the control group. Whereas, the highest MDA level was observed in the control group compared to the treatments (p <, 0.05). Moreover, skin mucus immune parameters of zebrafish have been noticeably improved with synbiotic Biomin®IMBO and Persian shallot compared to fish fed on the control diet (p <, 0.05). The results indicate that synbiotic or Persian shallot supplemented diet could enhance the general health status of the zebrafish.
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- 2021
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9. Roe enhancement of Paracentrotus lividus : Nutritional effects of fresh and formulated diets
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Gianluca Polese, Nadia Ruocco, Valerio Zupo, Maria Costantini, Marina Paolucci, Francesca Glaviano, Anna Di Cosmo, Mirko Mutalipassi, Zupo, Valerio, Francesca, Glaviano, Marina, Paolucci, Nadia Ruocco, Polese, Gianluca, DI COSMO, Anna, Maria, Costantini, and Mutalipassi, Mirko
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0301 basic medicine ,biology ,artificial diets, fats, gametes, gonadic index, proteins, sea urchin ,Zoology ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Paracentrotus lividus ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,biology.animal ,Aquatic science ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Sea urchin - Abstract
Sea urchin gonads are exploited both for gastronomic and scientific purposes; thus, the production of large and mature gonads is essential. Natural populations of the Mediterranean Sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus are subject to increasing fishing ef- forts, due to continuous intensification of consumptions. Aquaculture practices may represent an answer, but the availability of artificial feeds accelerating the produc- tion of high-quality gonads in terms of size, taste, colour, firmness, maturity and via- bility of gametes is critical to boost the productions. The accessibility of cheap and effective feeds promoting the fattening of gonads and the quality of gametes is still a bottleneck slowing down the expansion of echinoculture practices. This investiga- tion is aimed at enabling the development of this strategic sector, by comparing the dietetic effects of fresh foods and a commercial feed for aquaculture, to four newly formulated feeds. The protein contents of diets were strongly related to the GSIs. The abundance of fatty acids appeared inversely related to the viability of embryos and abnormalities of larvae. The features of an ideal diet for this sea urchin were defined, based on the results of experimental trials, and the need for increasing levels of plant-derived proteins during the grow-out period was demonstrated.
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- 2018
10. Effects of Apple (Malus pomila) Pomace-Derived Pectin on the Innate Immune Responses, Expressions of Key Immune-Related Genes, Growth Performance, and Digestive Enzyme Activity of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
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Hamed Ghafarifarsani, Hien Van Doan, Ghasem Rashidian, Mehdi Soltani, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Marina Paolucci, Ehab R. El-Haroun, and Mohammad Amin Jahazi
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Malus ,food.ingredient ,immune genes ,Pectin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Feed additive ,Veterinary medicine ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,food ,SF600-1100 ,medicine ,Food science ,Amylase ,innate immunity ,030304 developmental biology ,pectin ,0303 health sciences ,growth performance ,Protease ,General Veterinary ,biology ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,rainbow trout ,chemistry ,QL1-991 ,Digestive enzyme ,prebiotic ,040102 fisheries ,biology.protein ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,apple pomace ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Rainbow trout ,Lysozyme ,Zoology - Abstract
Pectins are a group of carbohydrates found in structural parts of terrestrial plants with wide industrial and biomedical applications. This study was designed to investigate the dietary effects of apple pomace-derived pectin (APDP) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Four formulated diets were provided with different inclusion levels of APDP for 30 days: 0, 5, 10, and 20 g kg−1, referred to as control, P1, P2, and P3, respectively. In this study, 300 fish (3.56 ± 0.007 g) were randomly distributed into twelve fiberglass tanks and fed 3% of their respective body weight four times a day. At the end of the experiment, growth parameters, including weight gain, specific growth rate, and food conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly improved in P1 and P2 treatments compared to those of the other treatments. Results from proximate composition analysis showed that protein content increased, and lipid decreased in the P2 and P3 groups. Serum lysozyme, complement activity, total immunoglobulin levels, and total protein were significantly enhanced in all treatments compared to those of the control group. Gene expression results showed no significant difference in regulation of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), however, up-regulation of lysozyme, interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) was observed in both P1 and P2. Unlike lipase, the activity of protease and amylase significantly increased in fish receiving different levels of APDP compared to the control (p <, 0.05). In conclusion, the present findings suggest APDA as a promising feed additive for rainbow trout.
- Published
- 2021
11. Chestnut Shell Tannins: Effects on Intestinal Inflammation and Dysbiosis in Zebrafish
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Ettore Varricchio, E. N. Kashinskaya, Serena Facchiano, Caterina Pagliarulo, Marina Paolucci, Graziella Orso, Evgeniy Simonov, Evgeniia Tyrikova, Mikhail M. Solovyev, Roberta Imperatore, Hossein Hoseinifar, and Daniela Sateriale
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medicine.medical_treatment ,Veterinary medicine ,дубильные вещества ,Inflammation ,Biology ,Gut flora ,Article ,Microbiology ,воспаление кишечника ,экстракт скорлупы каштана ,дисбактериоз ,SF600-1100 ,intestinal inflammation ,medicine ,microbiota ,Zebrafish ,polyphenols ,General Veterinary ,Prebiotic ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,zebrafish ,cytokines ,Cytokine ,QL1-991 ,Polyphenol ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,medicine.symptom ,prebiotics ,Dysbiosis ,Zoology ,данио - Abstract
Simple Summary With the increase in global population the production of animal proteins becomes increasingly crucial. Aquaculture is the first animal protein supply industry for human consumption. Intensive farming techniques are employed to increase productivity, but these may cause stressful conditions for fish, resulting in impaired growth and poor health conditions. Intestinal inflammation is one of the most common diseases of fish in intensive farming. Intestinal inflammation is usually accompanied by an alteration of the microbiota or dysbiosis. Inflammation and dysbiosis are so tightly intertwined that inflammation may contribute to or result from dysregulation of gut microbiota. Natural substances of plant origin rich in bioactive molecules or more simply phytochemicals, have been proved to be able to reduce inflammation and improve the general health status in various commercially relevant species. In this study, we evaluated the effect of tannins, a class of polyphenols, the most abundant phytochemicals, on intestinal inflammation and microbiota in zebrafish (Danio rerio), a small freshwater fish become an attractive biomedicine and aquaculture animal model during the last decades. The zebrafish has been employed in a vast array of studies aiming at investigating the essential processes underlying intestinal inflammation and injury due to its conservative gut morphology and functions. In this study, we administered a diet enriched with chestnut shell extract rich in tannins to a zebrafish model of intestinal inflammation. The treatment ameliorated the damaged intestinal morphophysiology and the microbiota asset. Our results sustain that products of natural origin with low environmental impact and low cost, such as tannins, may help to ease some of the critical issues affecting the aquaculture sector. Abstract The aim of the present study was to test the possible ameliorative efficacy of phytochemicals such as tannins on intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis. The effect of a chestnut shell (Castanea sativa) extract (CSE) rich in polyphenols, mainly represented by tannins, on k-carrageenan-induced intestinal inflammation in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) was tested in a feeding trial. Intestinal inflammation was induced by 0.1% k-carrageenan added to the diet for 10 days. CSE was administered for 10 days after k-carrageenan induced inflammation. The intestinal morphology and histopathology, cytokine expression, and microbiota were analyzed. The k-carrageenan treatment led to gut lumen expansion, reduction of intestinal folds, and increase of the goblet cells number, accompanied by the upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors (TNFα, COX2) and alteration in the number and ratio of taxonomic groups of bacteria. CSE counteracted the inflammatory status enhancing the growth of health helpful bacteria (Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas), decreasing the pro-inflammatory factors, and activating the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In conclusion, CSE acted as a prebiotic on zebrafish gut microbiota, sustaining the use of tannins as food additives to ameliorate the intestinal inflammation. Our results may be relevant for both aquaculture and medical clinic fields.
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- 2021
12. Explants of Oncorhynchus mykiss intestine to detect bioactive molecules uptake and metabolic effects: Applications in aquaculture
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Roberta Imperatore, Graziella Orso, Maria Grazia Volpe, Marina Paolucci, Elena Coccia, Ettore Varricchio, and Dominique Melck
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,DNA damage ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Amino acid ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,In vivo ,Olea ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Hydroxytyrosol ,Lipolysis ,Cytotoxicity ,Ex vivo ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
In this study, we utilized a model of trout intestinal explants to investigate the uptake and the metabolic effects of Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a bioactive molecule belonging to polyphenols, present in the fruit and leaf of the olive (Olea europaea L.). Fragments of the pyloric caeca (PC), mid intestine (MI) and distal intestine (DI) of the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, were incubated with varying concentrations (2.0–20–200 μM) of HT for 5, 15, 60, 120 and 360 min. HT was uptaken by PC and MI, but not DI. The HT concentration reached the highest value after 15 min of incubation. 2.0 and 20 μM HT were well tolerated by both PC and MI, 200 μM HT was cytotoxic, causing DNA damage in PC, but not in MI. 1H NMR analysis of PC and MI incubated with 2.0 and 20 μM HT revealed the increase in the essential amino acids and fatty acids, suggesting that HT slowed down the amino acid degradation while acting as lipolysis stimulators. The effect of HT on the intestinal macromolecular asset was also investigated by Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) in order to test the advantages of this method in the analysis of biological samples. HT caused macromolecular modifications coherent with the results of the HT uptake, cytotoxicity and 1H NMR analysis. In conclusions, the intestinal explants allow many experimental conditions to be tested simultaneously. Such ex vivo approach may be usefully employed to study the effects of additives or feed components in screening tests before designing in vivo trials. Thus, it may represent an alternative to reduce the number of animals employed. Finally, the present study confirms the validity of ATR-FTIR as a rapid, non-invasive, high-resolution analytical method of analysis for biological samples.
- Published
- 2019
13. Enrichment of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings diet with Psidium guajava: The effects on cutaneous mucosal and serum immune parameters and immune related genes expression
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Marina Paolucci, Abdolvahab Sohrabi, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Valiollah Jafari, Hamed Paknejad, and Hien Van Doan
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Fish Proteins ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Carps ,medicine.drug_class ,Interleukin-1beta ,Gene Expression ,Aquaculture ,Aquatic Science ,Immunostimulant ,Cyprinus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Common carp ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Immune system ,Internal medicine ,Gene expression ,medicine ,Animals ,Immunologic Factors ,Environmental Chemistry ,Immunity, Mucosal ,Psidium ,biology ,Plant Extracts ,Interleukin-8 ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,Alkaline Phosphatase ,biology.organism_classification ,Animal Feed ,Mucus ,Plant Leaves ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Dietary Supplements ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Alkaline phosphatase ,Immunization ,Lysozyme - Abstract
The present study aimed at evaluation of possible effects of Psidium guajava as immunostimulant on mucosal and serum immunity, as well as related genes expression in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings. In an eight weeks feeding trial, fish were fed with experimental diets containing guava leaf powder [GLP] (0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1%). Then, skin mucus and serum immune parameters (total Ig, alkaline phosphatase activity, lysozyme activity), as well as immune related genes expression (TNF-alpha, IL1b, IL8) were measured. All levels of GLP inclusion in the diet brought about the increase in total Ig in the serum, while in the mucus only the highest level of GLP was effective. No significant differences were observed in mucus alkanine phosphatase activity, while fish fed 0.25% of GLP had noticeably higher serum lysozyme activity. The mucus total protein electrophoretic pattern revealed some differences between the control and the treated fish. Two high MW bands were present in the control group but not in the treated groups. Three bands with a low MW comprised between 35 and 17 mw were noticed in GLP fed carps and not in the control. Gene expression studies revealed no noticeable alterations in TNF-alpha gene between treated fish and control. However, the level of expression of IL-8 was strongly upregulated in fish fed 0.5 and 1% of GLP. Also, feeding on 0.5% of GLP significantly upregulated IL1b gene expression. Evaluation of growth performance revealed improved performance parameters in GLP treated groups. These results confirmed possible immunomodulatory and beneficial effects of GLP on common carp fingerlings.
- Published
- 2019
14. Italian acacia honey exhibits lytic effects against the crayfish pathogensAphanomyces astaciandFusarium avenaceum
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Ettore Varricchio, Daniela Sateriale, Marina Paolucci, Chiara Pagliuca, M. Grazia Volpe, Roberta Colicchio, Caterina Pagliarulo, Elisa Scioscia, Paola Salvatore, Sateriale, Daniela, Scioscia, E, Colicchio, R, Pagliuca, C, Salvatore, Paola, Varricchio, E, Grazia Volpe, M, Paolucci, M, and Pagliarulo, C.
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0106 biological sciences ,Crayfish plague ,Antifungal Agents ,Antiprotozoal Agents ,Acacia ,Aphanomyces ,Astacoidea ,Fungus ,01 natural sciences ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Fusarium ,010608 biotechnology ,Animals ,anti-oomycete activity, antifungal activity,Aphanomyces astaci,Fusarium avenaceum,Italian acacia honey, sporicidal effect ,Oomycete ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,Plant Extracts ,030306 microbiology ,Reproducibility of Results ,Aquatic animal ,Honey ,biology.organism_classification ,Crayfish ,Spore - Abstract
This study purpose was to evaluate the in vitro inhibitory properties of Italian acacia honey extracts against pathogenic aquatic oomycete/fungal isolates that cause different diseases in crayfish, resulting in an elevated mortality rate. The antimycotic activity of acacia honey aqueous extracts was evaluated against the strain UEF88662 of Aphanomyces astaci (oomycete) and the strain SMM2 of Fusarium avenaceum (fungus). The extracts preparation was carried out with water by a cheap, not complex and organic solvent-free procedure, with low environmental impact and the higher possibility of large-scale reproducibility. The anti-oomycete and antifungal activities were quantitatively evaluated by growth, survival and sporulation microbiological assays. The extracts displayed a dose-dependent inhibitory efficacy on oomycete and fungal growth and survival, as well as on the production of oomycete and fungal spores. Supported by future in vivo studies, our results encourage the use of natural extracts like honey as innovative tools to counteract mycotic infections. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The continuous spread of aquatic fungal disease as the 'crayfish plague' and the 'burn spot disease' has severe ecological and commercial repercussions. Critical factor to prevent further spread is the availability of effective antifungals possibility derived from local natural resources to use in innovative strategies of control and eradication of these diseases. This study provides relevant information about the in vitro anti-oomycete and antifungal activity of Italian acacia honey aqueous extracts against two highly infectious and dangerous pathogenic species, Aphanomyces astaci and Fusarium avenaceum, that are responsible for important crayfish diseases.
- Published
- 2018
15. Replacement of Fish Meal by Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) Larvae Meal: Effects on Growth, Haematology, and Skin Mucus Immunity of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus
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Patcharin Krutmuang, Hien Van Doan, Nisarat Tippayadara, Mahmoud A.O. Dawood, Marina Paolucci, and Seyed Hosseini Hoseinifar
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Hermetia illucens ,haematological parameters ,Hematocrit ,skin mucus immunity ,Article ,fish meal ,Nile tilapia ,sustainable aquaculture ,Animal science ,Fish meal ,lcsh:Zoology ,medicine ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,Mean corpuscular volume ,Meal ,growth performance ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration ,biology ,Oreochromis niloticus ,biology.organism_classification ,Oreochromis ,black soldier fly larvae meal ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Animal Science and Zoology - Abstract
Fish meal (FM) is no longer a sustainable source for the increasing aquaculture industry. Animal proteins from insects may be used as a FM alternative source as long as they do not create adverse effects in fish. Black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) was tested in a 12-week experiment on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Four hundred and twenty (14.77 ±, 2.09 g) fish were divided into seven groups and were fed seven diets: control (0% BSFLM-100% FM), and FM replaced by BSFLM at rates of 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100%. Growth indexes, feed utilization efficiency indices, feed intake, and survival rate were not significantly different (p >, 0.05) between FM and BSFLM fed fish. Values of red blood cell, white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume and hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, red blood cell distribution width, and platelet values were not affected by BSFLM. Skin, mucus lysozyme, and peroxidase activities were improved in BSFLM fed fish. BSFLM can be used as a substitution for FM in the Nile tilapia (O. niloticus) diet at up to a 100% rate with no adverse effects.
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- 2021
16. The Gene Regulatory Roles of Herbal Extracts on the Growth, Immune System, and Reproduction of Fish
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Hien Van Doan, Hossein Adineh, Ehsan Ahmadifar, Morteza Yousefi, Marina Paolucci, Mahmoud A.O. Dawood, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Sevdan Yilmaz, and Hamideh P. Fallah
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media_common.quotation_subject ,Fish farming ,Veterinary medicine ,growth ,Herbal extracts ,Review ,Biology ,complex mixtures ,gene regulations ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,Aquaculture ,SF600-1100 ,Mode of action ,030304 developmental biology ,media_common ,0303 health sciences ,General Veterinary ,Traditional medicine ,business.industry ,Aquatic animal ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,immunity ,QL1-991 ,aquaculture ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,%22">Fish ,Animal Science and Zoology ,herbal extracts ,Reproduction ,business ,Zoology - Abstract
Simple Summary The maintenance of animal health and preventing disease is an important point for sustainable aquaculture. In this sense, medicinal herbs can help farmers to achieve this goal. Although many review articles have discussed the effects of these additives on growth performance, immune and antioxidant responses, as well as resistance to diseases in fish, limited knowledge is available on how herbs affect these parameters at the molecular level. Given that studies at the molecular level can provide an accurate picture of the mode of action of feed additives, in this paper, the results of studies focusing on the effect of herbs on the expression of different genes in fish are discussed. Abstract The crucial need for safe and healthy aquatic animals obligates researchers in aquaculture to investigate alternative and beneficial additives. Medicinal herbals and their extracts are compromised with diverse effects on the performances of aquatic animals. These compounds can affect growth performance and stimulate the immune system when used in fish diet. In addition, the use of medicinal herbs and their extracts can reduce oxidative stress induced by several stressors during fish culture. Correspondingly, aquatic animals could gain increased resistance against infectious pathogens and environmental stressors. Nevertheless, the exact mode of action where these additives can affect aquatic animals’ performances is still not well documented. Understanding the mechanistic role of herbal supplements and their derivatives is a vital tool to develop further the strategies and application of these additives for feasible and sustainable aquaculture. Gene-related studies have clarified the detailed information on the herbal supplements’ mode of action when administered orally in aquafeed. Several review articles have presented the potential roles of medicinal herbs on the performances of aquatic animals. However, this review article discusses the outputs of studies conducted on aquatic animals fed dietary, medicinal herbs, focusing on the gene expression related to growth and immune performances. Furthermore, a particular focus is directed to the expected influence of herbal supplements on the reproduction of aquatic animals.
- Published
- 2021
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17. Active Edible Polysaccharide-Based Coating for Preservation of Fresh Figs (Ficus carica L.)
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Francesco La Cara, Michele Di Stasio, Maria Grazia Volpe, A. Sorrentino, and Marina Paolucci
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0106 biological sciences ,Health (social science) ,antioxidant ,Food spoilage ,Ficus ,Cold storage ,Plant Science ,engineering.material ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,Polysaccharide ,01 natural sciences ,Health Professions (miscellaneous) ,Microbiology ,Article ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Coating ,010608 biotechnology ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,Food science ,Quality characteristics ,fig preservation ,active edible coating ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,bioactive compounds ,biology ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,chemistry ,Postharvest ,engineering ,Environmental science ,Carica ,Food Science - Abstract
Fresh figs are very sensitive to microbial spoilage, even in cold storage conditions. Thus, fresh figs are high perishable products during postharvest with microbiological decay that induces an unpleasant taste and smell due to rot, and suitable conservation methods must therefore be applied. The fruit usually is consumed fresh locally, dried, or preserved longer term in other transformed forms. A sustainable approach to extend the shelf-life of figs can be constituted by application of an edible coating able to maintain the quality of the fruit during storage. A comparison between fresh figs in a commercial preservation system, with the figs preserved in an edible coating, and an active edible coating to preserve their quality characteristics was carried out. The coating efficacy was enhanced with the addition of pomegranate peel extract at two different concentrations. The inclusion of a component with high antioxidant activity in an edible coating proved to be an excellent method for preserving the quality of this highly perishable fruit. The application of natural products, obtained from renewable sources, represents a simple and economic strategy, but also a tool capable of preserving the quality of the fruit during the postharvest storage, which is often consumed in production areas due to shelf-life problems.
- Published
- 2020
18. Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms
- Author
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Daniela Sateriale, Roberta Imperatore, Roberta Colicchio, Chiara Pagliuca, Ettore Varricchio, Maria Grazia Volpe, Paola Salvatore, Marina Paolucci, Caterina Pagliarulo, Sateriale, D., Imperatore, R., Colicchio, R., Pagliuca, C., Varricchio, E., Volpe, M. G., Salvatore, P., Paolucci, M., and Pagliarulo, C.
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Rothia dentocariosa ,dental plaque bacteria ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Streptococcus mutan ,Streptococcus mitis ,polyphenolic extracts ,Dental plaque ,Streptococcus miti ,Microbiology ,in vitro antibiofilm agents ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Streptococcus mutans ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,polyphenolic extract ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,030306 microbiology ,Biofilm ,Streptococcus oralis ,Antimicrobial ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,in vitro antibiofilm agent ,Bacteria - Abstract
In the last decades, resistant microbial infection rate has dramatically increased, especially infections due to biofilm-producing strains that require increasingly complex treatments and are responsible for the increased mortality percentages compared with other infectious diseases. Considering that biofilms represent a key factor for a wide range of chronic infections with high drug tolerance, the treatment of biofilm-causing bacterial infections represents a great challenge for the future. Among new alternative strategies to conventional antimicrobial agents, the scientific interest has shifted to the study of biologically active compounds from plant-related extracts with known antimicrobial properties, in order to also evaluate their antibiofilm activity. In this regard, the aim of this study has been to assess the antibiofilm activity of polyphenolic extracts from myrtle leaf and pomegranate peel against oral pathogens of dental plaque, an excellent polymicrobial biofilm model. In particular, the in vitro antibiofilm properties of myrtle and pomegranate extracts, also in binary combination, were highlighted. In addition to inhibiting the biofilm formation, the tested polyphenolic extracts have been proven to destroy both preformed single-species and multispecies biofilms formed by Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mitis, and Rothia dentocariosa oral isolates, suggesting that the new natural sources are rich in promising compounds able to counteract biofilm-related infections.
- Published
- 2020
19. In vitro Synergy of Polyphenolic Extracts From Honey, Myrtle and Pomegranate Against Oral Pathogens, S. mutans and R. dentocariosa
- Author
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Daniela Sateriale, Serena Facchiano, Roberta Colicchio, Chiara Pagliuca, Ettore Varricchio, Marina Paolucci, Maria Grazia Volpe, Paola Salvatore, Caterina Pagliarulo, Sateriale, D., Facchiano, S., Colicchio, R., Pagliuca, C., Varricchio, E., Paolucci, M., Volpe, M. G., Salvatore, P., and Pagliarulo, C.
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,medicine.drug_class ,Antibiotics ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Rothia dentocariosa ,Streptococcus mutan ,polyphenolic extracts ,Microbiology ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Streptococcus mutans ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antibiotic resistance ,medicine ,polyphenolic extract ,Original Research ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Traditional medicine ,biology ,030306 microbiology ,in vitro anticariogenic agent ,synergistic antimicrobial activity ,Amoxicillin ,oral pathogens ,biology.organism_classification ,in vitro anticariogenic agents ,Effective dose (pharmacology) ,oral pathogen ,Polyphenol ,Antibacterial activity ,medicine.drug - Abstract
The increasing incidence rate of oral diseases, the wide spread of antimicrobial resistance, and the adverse effects of conventional antibiotics mean alternative prevention and treatment options are needed to counteract oral pathogens. In this regard, our study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of polyphenolic extracts prepared from acacia honey, myrtle leaves, and pomegranate peel against cariogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans and Rothia dentocariosa. The chemical-physical parameters of acacia honey and the RP-HPLC polyphenolic profile of pomegranate peel extract have been previously described in our studies, while the characterization of myrtle extract, performed by HPLC analysis, is reported here. All the extracts were used singly and in binary combinations to highlight any synergistic effects. Moreover, the extracts were tested in association with amoxicillin to evaluate their ability to reduce the effective dose of this drug in vitro. The values of minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentrations have been used to quantitatively measure the antibacterial activity of the single extracts, while the fractional inhibitory concentration index has been considered as predictor of in vitro anticariogenic synergistic effects. Finally, a time-kill curve method allowed for the evaluation of the bactericidal efficacy of the combined extracts. The microbiological tests suggest that acacia honey, myrtle, and pomegranate extracts are able to inhibit the cariogenic bacteria, also with synergistic effects. This study provides useful and encouraging results for the use of natural extract combinations alone or in association with antibiotics (adjuvant therapy) as a valid alternative for the prevention and treatment of oral infectious diseases.
- Published
- 2020
20. Autotrophic and Heterotrophic Growth Conditions Modify Biomolecole Production in the Microalga Galdieria sulphuraria (Cyanidiophyceae, Rhodophyta)
- Author
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Luigi D’Elia, Matteo Lorito, Federica Carraturo, Edvige Gambino, Sheridan L. Woo, Antonino Pollio, Marco Guida, Francesco Vinale, Lorenzo De Napoli, Luciano Mayol, Roberta Marra, Roberto Barone, Marina Paolucci, Maria Grazia Volpe, Barone, R., De Napoli, L., Mayol, L., Paolucci, M., Volpe, M. G., D'Elia, L., Pollio, A., Guida, M., Gambino, E., Carraturo, F., Marra, R., Vinale, F., Woo, S. L., and Lorito, M.
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Pharmaceutical Science ,01 natural sciences ,Article ,Mass Spectrometry ,Galdieria sulphuraria ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Algae ,010608 biotechnology ,Drug Discovery ,Humans ,Food science ,Autotroph ,Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics (miscellaneous) ,Cyanidiophyceae ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,030304 developmental biology ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,autothrophy ,0303 health sciences ,heterotrophy ,biology ,Fatty Acids ,Fatty acid ,biology.organism_classification ,microalga ,Oleic acid ,chemistry ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Rhodophyta ,Stearic acid ,fatty acid ,fungi ,galdieria sulphuraria ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid ,ATR-FTIR - Abstract
Algae have multiple similarities with fungi, with both belonging to the Thallophyte, a polyphyletic group of non-mobile organisms grouped together on the basis of similar characteristics, but not sharing a common ancestor. The main difference between algae and fungi is noted in their metabolism. In fact, although algae have chlorophyll-bearing thalloids and are autotrophic organisms, fungi lack chlorophyll and are heterotrophic, not able to synthesize their own nutrients. However, our studies have shown that the extremophilic microalga Galderia sulphuraria (GS) can also grow very well in heterotrophic conditions like fungi. This study was carried out using several approaches such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and infrared spectrophotometry (ATR-FTIR). Results showed that the GS, strain ACUF 064, cultured in autotrophic (AGS) and heterotrophic (HGS) conditions, produced different biomolecules. In particular, when grown in HGS, the algae (i) was 30% larger, with an increase in carbon mass that was 20% greater than AGS, (ii) produced higher quantities of stearic acid, oleic acid, monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and ergosterol, (iii) produced lower quantities of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) such as methyl palmytate, and methyl linoleate, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and poyliunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). ATR-FTIR and principal component analysis (PCA) statistical analysis confirmed that the macromolecular content of HGS was significantly different from AGS. The ability to produce different macromolecules by changing the trophic conditions may represent an interesting strategy to induce microalgae to produce different biomolecules that can find applications in several fields such as food, feed, nutraceutical, or energy production.
- Published
- 2020
21. Hormones May Shape Sexual Behavior in Cephalopods
- Author
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Marina Paolucci, Anna Di Cosmo, and Valeria Maselli
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Argonaut ,biology ,Sexual behavior ,Reproductive period ,Range (biology) ,Zoology ,Nautilus ,biology.organism_classification ,Cephalopod ,Predation - Abstract
Cephalopod is a mollusk class that separated from their ancestors, probably about 200 million years ago. Cephalopods include chambered nautiluses, with external shells and anatomy that has remained virtually unchanged for 450 million years, and soft-bodied coleoids: Decapod and Octopoda. Coleoids are agile predators, equipped with highly efficient and flexible arms capable of a wide range of movements with no skeletal support, allowing them to face and find solutions to different environmental challenges. The generalization that cephalopods are solitary outside of the reproductive period would be true, with small exceptions and some variation. The females join in this swim in circles which initially can seem very strange and out of control, but after a while squids start to swim in pairs. Octopuses are mollusks that have completely lost their shell, although one species, the Argonaut, create a paper-thin replica of the nautilus shell from one of its arms, and uses it as the receptacle for its eggs.
- Published
- 2020
22. Immunohistochemical Analysis of Intestinal and Central Nervous System Morphology in an Obese Animal Model (Danio rerio) Treated with 3,5-T2: A Possible Farm Management Practice?
- Author
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Lea Tunisi, Roberta Imperatore, Chiara Attanasio, Marina Paolucci, Paolo de Girolamo, Ettore Varricchio, Hamidreza Ahmadniaye Motlagh, Luigia Cristino, Omid Safari, Livia D'Angelo, Isabella Mavaro, Imperatore, Roberta, Tunisi, Lea, Mavaro, Isabella, D’Angelo, Livia, Attanasio, Chiara, Safari, Omid, Motlagh, Hamidreza Ahmadniaye, De Girolamo, Paolo, Cristino, Luigia, Varricchio, Ettore, and Paolucci, Marina
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,diet-induced obesity ,Central nervous system ,Danio ,Inflammation ,Caspase 3 ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,lcsh:Zoology ,intestinal inflammation ,medicine ,lcsh:QL1-991 ,Zebrafish ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,brain inflammation ,lcsh:Veterinary medicine ,General Veterinary ,biology ,Microglia ,Thyroid ,biology.organism_classification ,zebrafish ,3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,lcsh:SF600-1100 ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,medicine.symptom ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The 3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine (3,5-T2) is an endogenous metabolite of thyroid hormones, whose administration to rodents fed high-fat diet (HFD) prevents body weight increase and reverts the expression pattern of pro-inflammatory factors associated to HFD. The diet-induced obese (D.I.O.) zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been recently used as an experimental model to investigate fundamental processes underlying central and peripheral obesity-driven inflammation. Herein, we aim to understand the role of 3,5-T2 in regulating central and peripheral inflammation in D.I.O. model of zebrafish. 3,5-T2 (10 nM and 100 nM) was administered with the obesity-inducing diet (D.I.O. with 3,5-T2) or after 4 weeks of obesity-inducing diet (D.I.O. flw 3,5-T2). 3,5-T2 significantly increased the body weight and serum triglyceride levels in D.I.O. zebrafish in both conditions. Moreover, 3,5-T2 sustained or increased inflammation in the anterior (AI) and mid (MI) intestine when administered with the obesity-inducing diet, as indicated by the immunoexpression of the inflammatory markers tumor-necrosis factor-&alpha, (TNF&alpha, ), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2), calnexin, caspase 3, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). On the contrary, when 3,5-T2 was administered after the obesity-inducing diet, partly reverted the intestinal alteration induced by D.I.O. In addition, brain inflammation, as indicated by the increase in the activation of microglia, was detected in D.I.O. zebrafish and D.I.O. treated with 3,5-T2. These findings reveal that the effects of 3,5-T2 on fish intestine and brain can deviate from those shown in obese mammals, opening new avenues to the investigation of the potential impact of this thyroid metabolite in different diseases including obesity.
- Published
- 2020
23. Evaluation of metabolic changes induced by polyphenols in the crayfish Astacus leptodactylus by metabolomics using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy
- Author
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Lucia Parrillo, Elena Coccia, Susan Costantini, Marina Paolucci, and Maria Grazia Volpe
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,biology ,Chemistry ,food and beverages ,Infrared spectroscopy ,General Medicine ,Astacus leptodactylus ,biology.organism_classification ,Crayfish ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Metabolomics ,Polyphenol ,Hepatopancreas ,Statistical analysis ,Food science ,General Agricultural and Biological Sciences ,Spectral data - Abstract
In the present study, the effects of polyphenols on the chemical composition of the hepatopancreas of the Astacus leptodactylus, a highly sought farmed crayfish, have been investigated by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The hepatopancreas spectrum was quite complex and contained several peaks arising from the contribution of different functional groups belonging to protein, lipids and carbohydrates. The PCA statistical analysis revealed that there were significant differences between crayfish fed a diet without polyphenols and crayfish fed a diet containing polyphenols. Such differences indicated an increase in lipids and proteins in the hepatopancreas of polyphenol-fed crayfish. In conclusion, the analysis of the infrared spectral profile of the hepatopancreas of Astacus leptodactylus, allowed us to elucidate the changes in different biomolecules in response to polyphenol treatment, and confirms the suitability of ATR-FTIR spectral data to analyze diet-induced metabolic effects. These considerations, coupled with the small amount of sample and no preparation needed, make ATR-FTIR a useful tool for routine analyses where the metabolic impact of substances is investigated, especially with a large number of samples.
- Published
- 2018
24. Gonad quality of sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus cultured in an offshore pilot-scale trial on the south-east Italian coast
- Author
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G. Scordella, Elena Coccia, C. Licchelli, Adele Fabbrocini, Francesco Siano, Marina Paolucci, F. De Sio, and Maria Grazia Volpe
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Gonad ,biology ,Pilot scale ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Paracentrotus lividus ,Fishery ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,biology.animal ,South east ,medicine ,Submarine pipeline ,Sea urchin - Published
- 2018
25. Effects of Single or Combined Administration of Dietary Synbiotic and Sodium Propionate on Humoral Immunity and Oxidative Defense, Digestive Enzymes and Growth Performances of African Cichlid (Labidochromis lividus) Challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila
- Author
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Marina Paolucci, Omid Safari, Mehrdad Sarkheil, and Davar Shahsavani
- Subjects
disease resistance ,Protein efficiency ratio ,Antioxidant ,QH301-705.5 ,medicine.medical_treatment ,QH426-470 ,Aquatic Science ,Feed conversion ratio ,Superoxide dismutase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,acidifier ,antioxidant enzymes ,Genetics ,medicine ,Food science ,Biology (General) ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Ecology ,biology ,Glutathione peroxidase ,synbiotic ,Pediococcus acidilactici ,biology.organism_classification ,humoral immune response ,Aeromonas hydrophila ,chemistry ,Sodium propionate ,digestive enzymes ,organic salt ,biology.protein - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential effects of dietary synbiotic (SYN) (Pediococcus acidilactici + Galactooligosaccharides, 10 g kg−1), sodium propionate (SP, 5, 10 and 20 g kg−1) and a combination of SYN + SP on the growth performance, humoral immunity, antioxidant responses and disease resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila of African cichlid (Labidochromis lividus) fingerlings (0.52 ± 0.05 g) in a feeding trial lasting 63 days. A completely randomized design was run with eight treatments, including 0 (control) and supplemented diets containing SYN + SP (e.g., 10 + 5, 10 + 10, 10 + 20, 0 + 5, 0 + 10, 0 + 20 and 10 + 10). The lowest feed conversion ratio value was observed in fish fed the 5 g kg−1-SP and 10 g kg−1-SYN (p <, 0.05). The highest values of protein efficiency ratio and protein productive value were recorded in fish fed the 10 g kg−1-SYN (p <, 0.05). Fish fed the 10 g kg−1-SYN diet had the highest activities of immunity (lysozyme, immunoglobulin) and antioxidant responses (glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) (p <, 0.05). After 28 days post-challenge, the highest survival rate (57%) was recorded in the diet containing 10 g kg−1 SYN and 5 g kg−1 SP. The results indicated that the single administration of SYN or combined with SP, especially at the level of 5 g kg−1 of diet, enhanced the survival and growth performances, humoral immune response, antioxidant and digestive enzymes of African cichlid.
- Published
- 2021
26. Modulation of growth performance, immunity, and disease resistance in narrow-clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) upon synbiotic feeding
- Author
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Marina Paolucci and Omid Safari
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,biology ,Galactooligosaccharide ,Pediococcus acidilactici ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Crayfish ,Astacus leptodactylus ,Feed conversion ratio ,Leptodactylus ,Enterococcus faecalis ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Aeromonas hydrophila ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Food science - Abstract
In the present study, a 126-day experiment was carried out under controlled conditions to compare the effects of prebiotic (galactooligosaccharide), probiotics ( Enterococcus faecalis and Pediococcus acidilactici ), and synbiotics (galactooligosaccharide + Enterococcus faecalis and galactooligosaccharide + Pediococcus acidilactici ) on the growth performance, indices of nutritional efficiency, in vivo apparent digestibility coefficients of nutrients, digestive enzymes, hemolymph indices, and biological responses of juvenile crayfish Astacus leptodactylus leptodactylus (6.18 ± 0.31 g) against 48-h Aeromonas hydrophila exposure challenge. The maximum specific growth rate (2.32% day − 1 ), voluntary feed intake (2.68% body weight day − 1 ), and survival rate (93.67%) as well as the minimum feed conversion ratio (2.07) were observed in the juvenile crayfish fed with the galactooligosaccharide + Enterococcus faecalis diet. The highest means of in vivo apparent digestibility coefficients of organic matter (85.33%), crude protein (91.67%), crude fat (82.33%), and gross energy (83.67%) were measured in the crayfish fed with the galactooligosaccharide + Enterococcus faecalis diet ( p p Enterococcus faecalis diet indicated the highest activities of phenoloxidase, superoxide dismutase, lysozyme, and nitric oxide synthase ( p Aeromonas hydrophila injected crayfish fed with the galactooligosaccharide + Enterococcus faecalis diet (77.67%) was higher than that of the crayfish fed with the control (8.33%) and other diets (58.33–72.33%) ( p E. faecalis g − 1 + 10 g kg − 1 galactooligosaccharide used in the diet was observed to be the optimum diet.
- Published
- 2017
27. 1H-NMR metabolomic profiling of the crayfishAstacus leptodactylussubjected to polyphenol-enriched diets
- Author
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Dominique Melck, Marina Paolucci, Maria Grazia Volpe, Giovanni Colonna, Eliana Guerriero, Susan Costantini, and Lucia Parrillo
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,Glycogen ,Fatty acid ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Metabolism ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Astacus leptodactylus ,Creatine ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Hepatopancreas ,Isoleucine ,Phosphocholine - Abstract
1H-NMR analysis of the hepatopancreas, muscle and haemolymph of Astacus leptodactylus after feeding with polyphenol-enriched diet is reported. 1H-NMR spectra of lipophilic extracts showed the presence of cholesterol, fatty acid residues, phospholipids and triglycerides. 1H-NMR spectra of aqueous extracts identified 35 metabolites in the hepatopancreas, 31 in the muscle and 22 in the haemolymph. A total of 20 metabolites (amino acids and their derivatives) were present in the hepatopancreas, the muscle and the haemolymph. A total of 10 metabolites were present in both the hepatopancreas and the muscle (five amino acids, 2-hydroxybutyrate, choline, myo-inositol, glycogen and uracil). 2-Hydroxyisobutyrate and creatine were present in both the hepatopancreas and the haemolymph. Phosphorylethanolamine, phosphocholine and fumarate were present only in the hepatopancreas and isoleucine only in the muscle. Statistical analysis showed that the percentage of weight gain was statistically higher in polyphenol-enriched diet groups compared to the control and that polyphenols had a stimulating effect on the general metabolism. No stress-related metabolites were higher in crayfish fed with polyphenol-enriched diet. Conversely, phosphatidylcholine, cholesterol and DHA, linked to resistance to environmental stress and diseases, were higher compared to the control diet. This study indicates that 1H-NMR is a useful tool to study the metabolomics in relation to diet differences.
- Published
- 2017
28. Effect of in vitro selected synbiotics (galactooligosaccharide and mannanoligosaccharide with or without Enterococcus faecalis) on growth performance, immune responses and intestinal microbiota of juvenile narrow clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus lep
- Author
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Omid Safari and Marina Paolucci
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,biology ,Synbiotics ,Galactooligosaccharide ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Aquatic Science ,Astacus leptodactylus ,biology.organism_classification ,Crayfish ,Leptodactylus ,Enterococcus faecalis ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,Immune system ,chemistry ,Immunity ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries - Published
- 2017
29. Effects of dietary onion (Allium cepa) powder on growth performance, hemolymph indices and fillet organoleptic properties of juvenile narrow-clawed crayfish,Astacus leptodactylus leptodactylusEschscholtz, 1823
- Author
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Omid Safari and Marina Paolucci
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,biology ,Organoleptic ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,Crayfish ,Astacus leptodactylus ,Leptodactylus ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,030104 developmental biology ,Animal science ,chemistry ,Hemolymph ,Botany ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Allium ,Juvenile ,Quercetin - Abstract
A 18-week feeding trial was carried out under controlled conditions to compare the effects of onion powder (OP) at six levels (5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 g/kg) on the growth performance, nutritional efficiency indices, hemolymph indices and fillet organoleptic properties of juvenile (5.62 ± 0.39 g) crayfish. The significantly (p
- Published
- 2017
30. Fast non-destructive assessment of heavy metal presence by ATR-FTIR analysis of crayfish exoskeleton
- Author
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Omid Safari, Daniela Ghia, Marina Paolucci, and Maria Grazia Volpe
- Subjects
Procambarus clarkii ,Chromatography ,biology ,Chemistry ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Environmental pollution ,General Medicine ,Astacoidea ,010501 environmental sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,Astacus leptodactylus ,Crayfish ,Exoskeleton Device ,01 natural sciences ,Pollution ,Austropotamobius pallipes ,Pacifastacus ,Metals, Heavy ,Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ,Environmental Chemistry ,Animals ,Cephalothorax ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Cadmium - Abstract
Freshwater crayfish are bioindicators of environmental pollution, often used for the assessment of heavy metal (HM) presence in the tissues, a time-consuming and expensive task. In this study, we propose the use of the vibrational spectroscopy to detect in a fast, non-destructive and sensitive way the presence of HM in the cephalothorax exoskeleton of the freshwater crayfish. Incorporation of HM into the cephalothorax exoskeleton was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. In particular, the cephalothorax exoskeleton of five crayfish species (Astacus leptodactylus, Procambarus clarkii, Austropotamobius pallipes, Faxonius limosus, and Pacifastacus leniusculus) was analyzed by attenuated total reflection–Fourier transformed infrared (ATR–FTIR) spectroscopy in the presence or absence of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and zinc (Zn) up to 4 weeks at various concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, ppm). The ATR–FTIR profile of the crayfish cephalothorax exoskeleton was compatible with the presence of amorphous calcium carbonate, chitin, and proteins. The incubation with the HM revealed two main modifications: the shift of the peak from 859 to 872 cm−1 and the appearance of a peak at 712 cm−1. Both are ascribable to the HM interaction with calcium carbonate. The absorbance of both peaks increased along with the time of incubation, and the HM concentration. We conclude that ATR–FTIR analysis can be a useful, quick, and cost-sensitive tool to detect HM presence in the crayfish cephalothorax exoskeleton. However, it has to be regarded as a non-specific analytical technique for assessing HM contamination, since it is unable to discriminate between different HM.
- Published
- 2019
31. Identification of Orexin and Endocannabinoid Receptors in Adult Zebrafish Using Immunoperoxidase and Immunofluorescence Methods
- Author
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Luigia Cristino, Paolo de Girolamo, Roberta Imperatore, Livia D'Angelo, Marina Paolucci, Imperatore, Roberta, D'Angelo, Livia, De Girolamo, Paolo, Cristino, Luigia, and Paolucci, Marina
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cannabinoid receptor ,General Chemical Engineering ,Fluorescent Antibody Technique ,endocannabinoid receptor ,Immunofluorescence ,Hippocampus ,Biochemistry ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,immunoperoxidase ,zebrafish intestine ,medicine ,Animals ,Obesity ,Receptors, Cannabinoid ,Zebrafish ,Peroxidase ,orexin receptor ,Orexins ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Immunoperoxidase ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,General Neuroscience ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,zebrafish brain ,Endocannabinoid system ,Orexin receptor ,Diet ,Orexin ,Cell biology ,030104 developmental biology ,Issue 148 ,immunohistochemistry ,040102 fisheries ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Immunohistochemistry - Abstract
Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a highly sensitive and specific technique involved in the detection of target antigens in tissue sections with labeled antibodies. It is a multistep process in which the optimization of each step is crucial to obtain the optimum specific signal. Through IHC, the distribution and localization of specific biomarkers can be detected, revealing information on evolutionary conservation. Moreover, IHC allows for the understanding of expression and distribution changes of biomarkers in pathological conditions, such as obesity. IHC, mainly the immunofluorescence technique, can be used in adult zebrafish to detect the organization and distribution of phylogenetically conserved molecules, but a standard IHC protocol is not estasblished. Orexin and endocannabinoid are two highly conserved systems involved in the control of food intake and obesity pathology. Reported here are protocols used to obtain information about orexin peptide (OXA), orexin receptor (OX-2R), and cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) localization and distribution in the gut and brain of normal and diet-induced obese (DIO) adult zebrafish models. Also described are methods for immunoperoxidase and double immunofluorescence, as well as preparation of reagents, fixation, paraffin-embedding, and cryoprotection of zebrafish tissue and preparation for an endogenous activity-blocking step and background counterstaining. The complete set of parameters is obtained from previous IHC experiments, through which we have shown how immunofluorescence can help with the understanding of OXs, OX-2R, and CB1R distribution, localization, and conservation of expression in adult zebrafish tissues. The resulting images with highly specific signal intensity led to the confirmation that zebrafish are suitable animal models for immunohistochemical studies of distribution, localization, and evolutionary conservation of specific biomarkers in physiological and pathological conditions. The protocols presented here are recommended for IHC experiments in adult zebrafish.
- Published
- 2019
32. A cross-talk between leptin and 17β-estradiol in vitellogenin synthesis in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss liver
- Author
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Marina Paolucci, Ettore Varricchio, Elena Coccia, and Roberta Imperatore
- Subjects
Leptin ,endocrine system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,animal structures ,Physiology ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,Energy homeostasis ,Tissue Culture Techniques ,03 medical and health sciences ,Vitellogenin ,Vitellogenins ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Protein kinase A ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Estradiol ,Kinase ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Trout ,Endocrinology ,Liver ,Oncorhynchus mykiss ,040102 fisheries ,biology.protein ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Rainbow trout ,Signal transduction ,hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists - Abstract
The existence of nutritional and energy reserves is fundamental for fish female fertility, so that the existence of a correlation between metabolic reserves and reproductive capacity is suggested. Leptin regulates body weight and energy homeostasis. Estradiol induces the synthesis of vitellogenin, a phospholipoglycoprotein produced by the liver and taken up by the growing oocytes. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible existence of a crosstalk between 17β-estradiol (E2) and leptin in the modulation of E2-induced vtg in the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Liver slices were incubated with recombinant trout leptin (rt-lep) at three different concentrations (1-10-100 ng/ml). rt-lep brought about the decrease of E2-induced vtg secretion in the medium and the down-regulation of vtg mRNA expression. Moreover, rt-lep stimulated the lipase activity and diminished the liver fatty acid content. The combined employment of signal transduction inhibitors and the analysis of signal transduction phosphorylated factors revealed that rt-lep effect on E2-induced vtg occurred through the activation of phosphodiesterase, protein kinase C, MAP kinases, and protein kinase A. In conclusion, our study suggests that leptin influences E2-induced vtg synthesis in the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss by modifying both the protein and the lipid components.
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- 2019
33. Rapid Evaluation Methods for Quality of Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Fresh Fillet Preserved in an Active Edible Coating
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Maria Grazia Volpe, Francesco Siano, Michele Di Stasio, Marina Paolucci, and Elena Coccia
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electronic nose ,Health (social science) ,animal structures ,Thiobarbituric acid ,animal diseases ,Plant Science ,engineering.material ,oxidation stability ,lcsh:Chemical technology ,01 natural sciences ,Health Professions (miscellaneous) ,Microbiology ,Lipid peroxidation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,Lipid oxidation ,Coating ,TBARS ,lcsh:TP1-1185 ,Food science ,trout fillets ,biology ,010401 analytical chemistry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,0104 chemical sciences ,Carrageenan ,carbohydrates (lipids) ,muscle structure ,Trout ,chemistry ,active carrageenan coating ,engineering ,Rainbow trout ,Food Science ,ATR-FTIR - Abstract
In this study different methods were used to evaluate the effectiveness of a carrageenan coating and carrageenan coating incorporating lemon essential oil (ELO) in preserving the physicochemical and olfactory characteristics of trout fillets stored at 4 °, C up to 12 days. The fillet morphological structure was analyzed by histological and immunological methods, lipid peroxidation was performed with the peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) tests. At the same time, two less time-consuming methods, such as Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transformed Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and the electronic nose, were used. Uncoated trout fillets (UTF) showed a less compact tissue structure than carrageenan-coated threads (CTF) and coated fillets of carrageenan (active) ELO (ACTF), probably due to the degradation of collagen, as indicated by optical microscopy and ATR-FTIR. UTF showed greater lipid oxidation compared to CTF and ACTF, as indicated by the peroxide and TBARS tests and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The carrageenan coating containing ELO preserved the olfactory characteristics of the trout fillets better than the carrageenan coating alone, as indicated by the electronic nose analysis. This study confirms that both carrageenan and ELO containing carrageenan coatings slow down the decay of the physicochemical and olfactory characteristics of fresh trout fillets stored at 4 °, C, although the latter is more effective.
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- 2019
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34. Identification and Expression of Neurotrophin-6 in the Brain of Nothobranchius furzeri: One More Piece in Neurotrophin Research
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Marina Paolucci, Chiara Attanasio, Antonio Palladino, Alessandro Cellerino, Paolo de Girolamo, Carla Lucini, Adele Leggieri, Eva Terzibasi Tozzini, Livia D'Angelo, Leggieri, Null, Attanasio, Null, Palladino, Null, Cellerino, Alessandro, Lucini, Null, Paolucci, Null, Terzibasi Tozzini, Eva, de Girolamo, Null, D’Angelo, Null, Leggieri, Adele, Attanasio, Chiara, Palladino, Antonio, Lucini, Carla, Paolucci, Marina, de Girolamo, Paolo, and D'Angelo, Livia
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Nervous system ,neuroanatomy ,lcsh:Medicine ,Hindbrain ,phylogeny ,Article ,Nothobranchius furzeri ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,neurotrophin-6 ,medicine ,Cognitive decline ,fish ,biology ,Cerebrum ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,aging ,LNA probe ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Forebrain ,biology.protein ,riboprobe ,business ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neurotrophin ,Neuroanatomy - Abstract
Neurotrophins contribute to the complexity of vertebrate nervous system, being involved in cognition and memory. Abnormalities associated with neurotrophin synthesis may lead to neuropathies, neurodegenerative disorders and age-associated cognitive decline. The genome of teleost fishes contains homologs of some mammalian neurotrophins as well as a gene coding for an additional neurotrophin (NT-6). In this study, we characterized this specific neurotrophin in the short-lived fish Nothobranchius furzeri, a relatively new model for aging studies. Thus, we report herein for the first time the age-related expression of a neurotrophin in a non-mammalian vertebrate. Interestingly, we found comparable expression levels of NT-6 in the brain of both young and old animals. More in detail, we used a locked nucleic acid probe and a riboprobe to investigate the neuroanatomical distribution of NT-6 mRNA revealing a significant expression of the neurotrophin in neurons of the forebrain (olfactory bulbs, dorsal and ventral telencephalon, and several diencephalic nuclei), midbrain (optic tectum, longitudinal tori, and semicircular tori), and hindbrain (valvula and body of cerebellum, reticular formation and octavolateral area of medulla oblongata). By combining in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, we showed that NT-6 mRNA is synthesized in mature neurons. These results contribute to better understanding the evolutionary history of neurotrophins in vertebrates, and their role in the adult brain.
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- 2019
35. Mifepristone affects fertility and development in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus
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Elena Coccia, Marina Paolucci, Raffaele D'Adamo, Adele Fabbrocini, and Caterina Faggio
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,embryo development ,mifepristone ,P. lividus ,reproduction ,sperm motility ,Embryo, Nonmammalian ,P ,lividus ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Paracentrotus lividus ,Andrology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,biology.animal ,Progesterone receptor ,Genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Sea urchin ,Sperm motility ,media_common ,Ovum ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,biology ,Reproduction ,Cell Biology ,Mifepristone ,biology.organism_classification ,Strongylocentrotus purpuratus ,Spermatozoa ,Membrane progesterone receptor ,030104 developmental biology ,Fertility ,Paracentrotus ,Sperm Motility ,Female ,Receptors, Progesterone ,Developmental Biology ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Drugs such as oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapies are known to find their way into rivers, lakes and seas, and have the potential to affect reproduction and development of the wildlife. The knowledge of the reproductive mechanisms and their regulation in aquatic species is of fundamental importance for predicting and preventing the damage by the increasing release of such chemicals in the environment. Mifepristone, a synthetic steroid used as a drug for chemical abortion, works by blocking the effects of progesterone. Its presence in fresh and salt water has been reported, representing a danger for aquatic species. In this frame, we evaluated in both acute and chronic exposures, the effects of mifepristone on the reproductive performance of the sea urchin P. lividus. In both acute and chronic exposures, mifepristone did not affect the histological structure of the gonads. However, mifepristone administered to females caused the decrease of the percentage of normal developed plutei larvae compared with the control, whereas it did not alter sperm motility parameters and fertilization success in males. The immunohistological localization of progesterone receptor-like immunoreactivity on the plasma membrane of oocytes and ova and the molecular weight of a progesterone receptor-like immunoband identified by western blotting, are in agreement with a membrane progesterone receptor deducted from the genome sequence of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and suggest that in P. lividus mifepristone actions may be mediated by a progesterone receptor.
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- 2018
36. The Case Study of Nesfatin-1 in the Pancreas of Tursiops truncatus
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C. Gatta, Paola Scocco, Carla Lucini, Ettore Varricchio, Elena De Felice, Adele Leggieri, Antonio Palladino, Marina Paolucci, L. Maruccio, Paolo de Girolamo, Livia D'Angelo, Gatta, Claudia, De Felice, Elena, D’Angelo, Livia, Maruccio, Lucianna, Leggieri, Adele, Lucini, Carla, Palladino, Antonio, Paolucci, Marina, Scocco, Paola, Varricchio, Ettore, and DE GIROLAMO, Paolo
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,type 2 diabetes mellitus ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Central nervous system ,Glucagon ,lcsh:Physiology ,glycemic state ,03 medical and health sciences ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,pancreas ,Nesf-1, pancreas, common bottlenose dolphin, glycemic state, type 2 diabetes mellitus ,Meal ,Nesf-1 ,lcsh:QP1-981 ,biology ,Insulin ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Brief Research Report ,Bottlenose dolphin ,biology.organism_classification ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Pancreas ,Homeostasis ,common bottlenose dolphin - Abstract
Nesfatin-1 (Nesf-1) is an anorexigenic peptide involved in the regulation of homeostatic feeding. Nesf-1 is expressed in the central nervous system and other organs, including pancreas, where it promotes the release of insulin from β-cells. This raises the possibility that Nesf-1 dysfunction could be involved in metabolic disorders, particularly in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Recently, it has been discovered that dolphins can be a natural animal model that fully replicates human T2D, due to its prolonged glucose tolerance curve and maintenance of a state of hyperglycemia similar to human T2D during fasting. This correspondence suggests that dolphins may be a suitable model for investigating physiological and pathological metabolic disorders. Here, we have characterized Nesf-1 distribution in the pancreas of the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and measured plasmatic levels of Nesf-1 and glucose during fasting and post-prandial states. The Mediterranean Marine Mammal Tissue Bank (MMMTB) of the University of Padova provided us with pancreas samples, derived from four animals, and plasma samples, collected before and after the main meal. Interestingly, our results showed that Nesf-1-immunoreactive cells were distributed in Langerhans islets, co-localized with glucagon in α-cells. Similar to humans, dolphin plasma Nesf-1 concentration doesn’t show a statistically significant difference when comparing fasting and post-prandial states. On the other hand, blood glucose levels were significantly higher before than after the main meal. Our data provide a comparative analysis for further studies on the involvement of Nesf-1 in mammalian metabolic disorders.
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- 2018
37. Orexins and receptor OX2R in the gastroenteric apparatus of two teleostean species:Dicentrarchus labraxandCarassius auratus
- Author
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Luciana Castaldo, N. Arcamone, Paolo de Girolamo, Carla Lucini, Marina Paolucci, Ettore Varricchio, Livia D'Angelo, and Alessandra Pelagalli
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Gastrointestinal tract ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Histology ,food.ingredient ,Midgut ,Hindgut ,Biology ,Orexin receptor ,03 medical and health sciences ,Bass (fish) ,Orexin-A ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,food ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Enteric nervous system ,sense organs ,Anatomy ,Sea bass ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Orexin A and B peptides and the receptor OX2R were studied in sea bass and goldfish gastroenteric tract by immunoblotting combined with densitometric analysis using NIH Image J software and immunohistochemical techniques. These teleost species present a different gut organization and diverse feeding habits. Immunoblotting experiments showed one band of 16 kDa corresponding to prepro-orexin, and one band of 38 kDa corresponding to the OX2R receptor. Immunohistochemical localization of OXA and OXB was observed in the enteric nervous system throughout the gastroenteric tract of both species. OXA and OXB immunoreactive cells were found in the gastric and intestinal regions of sea bass, and were mainly found in the basal region of folds in intestinal bulb, and in the midgut and hindgut of goldfish. The distribution of OX2R was mainly detected in the mucosa of the gastroenteric tract of sea bass and goldfish. This distribution suggests an endocrine action of OXA and OXB in the gastrointestinal tract as well as involvement in the peripheral control of food intake and digestive processes in both species. This study might also serve to determine the productive factors in breeding and as a baseline for future experimental studies on the regulation of the gastroenteric functions in non-mammalian vertebrates. Anat Rec, 299:1121-1129, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- Published
- 2016
38. Effects of dietary polyphenols from agricultural by-products on mucosal and humoral immune and antioxidant responses of convict cichlid (Amatitlania nigrofasciata)
- Author
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Niloufar Nikdehghan, Mohammad Amin Jahazi, Hien Van Doan, Marina Paolucci, Maria Grazia Volpe, and Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,Antioxidant ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,medicine.medical_treatment ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,Hematocrit ,biology.organism_classification ,Mucus ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Animal science ,Immune system ,chemistry ,Catalase ,040102 fisheries ,medicine ,biology.protein ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Antibody ,Lysozyme ,Convict cichlid ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
In the present study, the effects of dietary supplementation with polyphenols extracted from agricultural by-products were investigated on serum and/or skin mucus antioxidant and immune responses, and hematological parameters of the convict cichlid (Amatitlania nigrofasciata). Polyphenols extracted from chestnut wood (CW) and olive mill waste water (OMWW) were provided as a mixture (PMIX) (9:1, CW:OMWW). PMIX concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg of diet were employed. Fish were stocked in 12 tanks and fed with the enriched diets for 8 weeks. After the 8-week period, serum total protein, lysozyme, total immunoglobulins (Ig), catalase (CAT) and radical scavengering activity (RS), skin mucus total protein, total Ig and peroxidase activity, and blood hematological parameters were determined. The results showed that, regardless of inclusion level, skin mucus total Ig and lysozyme activity were significantly increased in the PMIX-treated fish compared to control. The most pronounced changes were related to the supplementation with 2.0 g/kg of PMIX. Similar results were noticed in cases of serum total protein and total Ig. Serum RS and peroxidase activity the fish receiving the 2.0 g/kg PMIX treatment were significantly higher than the other treatments. However, there were no significant differences in the activities among the other treated groups. Serum CAT activity of the fish in the 2.0 g/kg PMIX treatment was significantly higher than the other treatments. Serum CAT activity of the fish in 1.0 g/kg PMIX was significantly higher than the control group, but there were no significant differences in the serum CAT activity between the control and 0.5 g/kg PMIX treatments. There were no significant difference in blood RBC, hematocrit and MCV values among the treatments. In conclusion, PMIX at 2.0 g/kg markedly improves humoral and mucosal immune responses and serum antioxidant responses of the convict cichlid, effects that are probably related to the antioxidant and health-promoting nature of PMIX. Therefore, 2.0 g/kg PMIX is recommended as dietary inclusion levels to increase the overall health of convict cichlid.
- Published
- 2020
39. Dietary supplementation of polyphenols positively affects the innate immune response, oxidative status, and growth performance of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L
- Author
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Marina Paolucci, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, Abdolmajid Hajimoradloo, Valiollah Jafari, Mohammad Amin Jahazi, and Hien Van Doan
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,Antioxidant ,Innate immune system ,medicine.medical_treatment ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Aquatic Science ,Biology ,biology.organism_classification ,Mucus ,Cyprinus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Common carp ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Immune system ,chemistry ,Polyphenol ,040102 fisheries ,medicine ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Food science ,Lysozyme ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of polyphenols extracted from chestnut and olive mill wastewater on growth performance, skin mucus, and serum immune parameters as well as antioxidant defence in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) juveniles. For this purpose, common carp juveniles (15 ± 0.3 g) were fed experimental diets containing different levels 0 (control), 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2% of polyphenols for 8 weeks. At the end of the trial, the growth parameters, haematological parameters, serum total protein, total immunoglobulin, lysozyme activity, and total antioxidant activity were measured in mucus and serum samples. The growth parameters revealed a significant increase in fish fed polyphenols containing diets compared to the control group (P
- Published
- 2020
40. Dietary administration of ferula (Ferula asafoetida) powder as a feed additive in diet of koi carp, Cyprinus carpio koi: effects on hemato-immunological parameters, mucosal antibacterial activity, digestive enzymes, and growth performance
- Author
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Omid Safari, Mehrdad Sarkheil, and Marina Paolucci
- Subjects
Fish Proteins ,Carps ,Physiology ,Feed additive ,Lymphocyte ,Aquatic Science ,Hematocrit ,Biochemistry ,Cyprinus ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,Animals ,Food science ,Intestinal Mucosa ,Carp ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Hematologic Tests ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Bacteria ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Mucus ,Animal Feed ,Immunity, Innate ,Diet ,Ferula ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Digestive enzyme ,040102 fisheries ,biology.protein ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Digestion ,Food Additives ,Plant Preparations ,Lysozyme ,Powders - Abstract
This study investigated the impacts of various levels (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 g kg−1) of dietary ferula (Ferula asafoetida) powder (FP) on the hemato-immunological indices, antibacterial properties of skin mucus, survival rate, and growth performance as well as digestive enzyme activity of Koi carp, Cyprinus carpio koi, fingerlings. Following 63 days of feeding trail, WBCs, RBCs, Hb, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and lymphocyte levels increased coincident with an increasing FP level in experimental diets compared with control diet (P
- Published
- 2018
41. The effects of Thai ginseng, Boesenbergia rotunda powder on mucosal and serum immunity, disease resistance, and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings
- Author
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Marina Paolucci, Sanchai Jaturasitha, Mahmoud A.O. Dawood, Chanagun Chitmanat, Ghasem Ashouri, Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar, María Ángeles Esteban, and Hien Van Doan
- Subjects
Veterinary medicine ,food.ingredient ,biology ,Tilapia ,Pathogenic bacteria ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease_cause ,Mucus ,Feed conversion ratio ,Oreochromis ,Ginseng ,Nile tilapia ,food ,medicine ,Boesenbergia rotunda - Abstract
The effects of Thai ginseng (TG), Boesenbergia rotunda, powder on some immune parameters in serum and skin mucus, resistance against pathogenic bacteria, Streptococcus agalactiae as well as growth performance in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus were studied. Experimental diets were prepared to contain 0 (D1), 5 (D2), 10 (D3), 20 (D4), or 40 (D5) g TG kg−1 diet. Fish (17.29 ± 0.11 g) were stocked in fifteen tanks (150 L; 20 specimen per tank) in triplicates for 8 weeks. Then, fish were challenged with pathogenic bacteria S. agalactiae. The results indicated that feeding with TG significantly enhanced lysozyme and peroxidase activities in tilapia skin mucus (P
- Published
- 2019
42. Overlapping distribution of orexin and endocannabinoid receptors and their functional interaction in the brain of adult zebrafish
- Author
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Roberta Imperatore, Livia D’Angelo, Omid Safari, Hamidreza Ahmadniaye Motlagh, Fabiana Piscitelli, Paolo de Girolamo, Luigia Cristino, Ettore Varricchio, Vincenzo di Marzo, Marina Paolucci, Imperatore, Roberta, D'Angelo, Livia, Safari, Omid, Motlagh, Hamidreza Ahmadniaye, Piscitelli, Fabiana, de Girolamo, Paolo, Cristino, Luigia, Varricchio, Ettore, di Marzo, Vincenzo, and Paolucci, Marina
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) ,Neuroscience (miscellaneous) ,Neuropeptide ,lcsh:RC321-571 ,lcsh:QM1-695 ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,0302 clinical medicine ,Zebrafish brain ,endocannabinoid levels ,Orexin/hypocretin receptor OX-2R ,lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Zebrafish ,Original Research ,biology ,Suprachiasmatic nucleus ,Colocalization ,lcsh:Human anatomy ,biology.organism_classification ,Endocannabinoid system ,Cell biology ,Orexin ,Preoptic area ,Confocal microscopy ,030104 developmental biology ,nervous system ,Endocannabinoid level ,Wakefulness ,Anatomy ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Neuroscience - Abstract
Hypocretins/Orexins neuropeptides are known to regulate numerous physiological functions, such as energy homeostasis, food intake, sleep/wake cycle, arousal and wakefulness, in vertebrates. Previous studies on mice have revealed an intriguing orexins/endocannabinoids (ECs) signaling interaction at both structural and functional levels, with OX-A behaving as a strong enhancer of 2-arachydonoyl-glycerol (2-AG) biosynthesis. In this study, we describe, for the first time in the brain of zebrafish, the anatomical distribution and co-expression of orexin (OX-2R) and endocannabinoid (CB1R) receptors, suggesting a functional interaction. The immunohistochemical colocalization of these receptors by confocal imaging in the dorsal and ventral telencephalon, suprachiasmatic nucleus (SC), thalamus, hypothalamus, preoptic area (PO) and cerebellum, is reported. Moreover, biochemical quantification of 2-AG levels by LC-MS supports the occurrence of OX-A-induced 2-AG biosynthesis in the zebrafish brain after 3 h of OX-A intraperitoneal (i.p.; 3 pmol/g) or intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.; 0.3 pmol/g) injection. This effect is likely mediated by OX-2R as it is counteracted by i.p./i.c.v administration of OX-2R antagonist (SB334867, 10 pmol/g). This study provides compelling morphological and functional evidence of an OX-2R/CB1R signaling interaction in the brain of adult zebrafish, suggesting the use of this well-established vertebrate animal model for the study of complex and phylogenetically conserved physiological functions.
- Published
- 2018
43. Physico-chemical properties and fatty acid composition of pomegranate, cherry and pumpkin seed oils
- Author
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Gabriella Fasulo, Floriana Boscaino, Marina Paolucci, Maria Grazia Volpe, Maria C Straccia, and Francesco Siano
- Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Pumpkin seed ,biology ,Linoleic acid ,food and beverages ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,biology.organism_classification ,040401 food science ,food.food ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0404 agricultural biotechnology ,food ,chemistry ,Polyphenol ,Botany ,Food science ,Cucurbita ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,Carotenoid ,Pumpkin Seed Oil ,Nervonic acid ,Food Science ,Biotechnology ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid - Abstract
BACKGROUND Nut and seed oils are often considered waste products but in recent years they have been receiving growing interest due to their high concentration of hydrophilic and lipophilic bioactive components, which have important pharmacological properties on human health. The aim of this work was to compare the physico-chemical and biochemical properties of pomegranate (Punicagranatum), sweet cherry (Prunusavium) and pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima) seed oils obtained by solvent extraction. RESULTS High amount of linoleic acid was found in the cherry and pumpkin seed oils, while pomegranate seed oil showed relevant content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) along to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and nervonic acid. Pumpkin seed oil had high concentration of carotenoids, while pomegranate oil was the best absorber in the UV-A and UV-B ranges. CONCLUSION Pomegranate, cherry and pumpkin seed oils can be an excellent source of bioactive molecules and antioxidant compounds such as polyphenols, carotenoids and unsaturated fatty acids. These seed oils can be included both as preservatives and functional ingredients in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields and can contribute to disease prevention and health promotion. Moreover, high absorbance of UV light indicates a potential use of these oils as filters from radiations in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic fields. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
- Published
- 2015
44. The orexinergic system in rainbow troutOncorhynchus mykissand its regulation by dietary lipids
- Author
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Marina Paolucci, Elena Coccia, Giovanni M. Turchini, Finizia Russo, David S. Francis, and Ettorre Varricchio
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Gastrointestinal tract ,Histology ,Gastric emptying ,Stomach ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Dietary lipid ,Biology ,digestive system ,Orexin receptor ,Orexin ,Medical Laboratory Technology ,Orexin-A ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,nervous system ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Enteric nervous system ,Anatomy ,Instrumentation - Abstract
In this study, we report the distribution of orexin A (OXA), orexin B (OXB), and orexin receptor (OX2R) immunoreactive (ir) cells in the hypothalamus and gastrointestinal tract of Oncorhynchus mykiss fed diets with different dietary fatty acid compositions. Trout were fed five iso-energetic experimental diets containing fish oil, or one of four different vegetable oils (olive, sunflower, linseed, and palm oils) as the added dietary lipid source for 12 weeks. OXA, OXB, and OX2R immunoreactive neurons and nervous fibers were identified in the lateral and ventro-medial hypothalamus. OXA, OXB, and OX2R ir cells were found in the mucosa and glands of the stomach and in the mucosa of both the pyloric cecae and intestine. OX2R ir cells were localized in the mucosa layer of both the pyloric cecae and intestine. These immunohistochemical (IHC) results were confirmed via Western blotting. Antibodies against preproorexin (PPO) crossreacted with a band of ∼16 kDa in the hypothalamus, stomach, pyloric cecae, and intestine. Antibodies against OX2R crossreacted with a band of ∼38 kDa in the hypothalamus, pyloric cecae, and intestine. The presence and distribution of OXA, OXB, and OX2R ir cells in the hypothalamus and gastrointestinal tract did not appear to be affected by dietary oils. The presence of orexin system immunoreactive cells in the stomach, pyloric cecae, and intestine of rainbow trout, but not in the enteric nervous system, could suggest a possible role of these peptides as signaling of gastric emptying or endocrine modulation, implying a main local action played by orexins.
- Published
- 2015
45. Effects of dietary l-carnitine level on growth performance, immune responses and stress resistance of juvenile narrow clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823
- Author
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Masoomeh Mehraban sangatash, Marina Paolucci, and Omid Safari
- Subjects
Antioxidant ,biology ,Ecology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Glutathione ,Aquatic Science ,Astacus leptodactylus ,biology.organism_classification ,Crayfish ,Leptodactylus ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Animal science ,chemistry ,Hemolymph ,medicine ,Juvenile ,Carnitine ,medicine.drug - Abstract
An 18-week feeding trial was carried out under controlled conditions to compare the effects of l -carnitine at six levels (10, 150, 350, 650, 950 and 1250 mg kg− 1) on the growth performance, nutritional efficiency indices, hemolymph indices and finally, biological responses against 12-h air exposure challenge of juvenile (7.58 ± 0.39 g) crayfish Astacus leptodactylus leptodactylus. The significantly (p l -carnitine. With an increment in the dietary l -carnitine levels, VFI increased significantly (p l -carnitine higher than 350 mg kg− 1 showed the significantly (p l -carnitine. The juvenile crayfish fed the diet containing 650 mg kg− 1 l -carnitine had the significantly (p l -carnitine showed significantly (p l -carnitine level of 650–950 mg kg− 1 could improve growth performance, feed utilization and antioxidant defence system. Polynomial regression of SGR, FCR, PPV, PER and LPV suggested that the optimum dietary l -carnitine level could be higher than 350 and
- Published
- 2015
46. Active edible coating effectiveness in shelf-life enhancement of trout (Oncorhynchusmykiss) fillets
- Author
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Ettore Varricchio, Mario Malinconico, Marina Paolucci, M. G. Volpe, Francesco Siano, Alessandra Sacco, and A. Sorrentino
- Subjects
endocrine system ,animal structures ,biology ,urogenital system ,animal diseases ,Total Viable Count ,Bacterial growth ,biology.organism_classification ,Shelf life ,digestive system ,Lactic acid ,Carrageenan ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Trout ,Lipid oxidation ,chemistry ,Rainbow trout ,Food science ,Food Science - Abstract
Carrageenan-based biocomposites have significant potential to develop packaging films and coatings for shelf-life extension of food products. In this study trout fresh fillets were separated into three groups: uncoated trout fillet (UTF), coated with carrageenan-based materials (coated trout fillet, CTF), and coated with carrageenan-based materials containing 1 g/100 mL essential lemon oil (active coated trout fillet, ACTF). The effect of carrageenan coating enriched with essential lemon oil on the quality of rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchusmykiss ) fillets during refrigerated storage (4 ± 1 °C) over a period of 15 days was evaluated. Trout fillets were analyzed for microbiological (total viable count, Enterobacteriacea counts, lactic acid bacteria, H 2 S-producing bacteria), chemical (TVB-N, moisture, pH), and biochemical (fatty acids content) characteristics. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of an edible active carrageenan coating in preserving fresh trout fillets from lipid oxidation and microbial growth.
- Published
- 2015
47. Functional characterization of a BCL10 isoform in the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss
- Author
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Elena Coccia, Pasquale Vito, Angela Ferravante, Tiziana Zotti, Marina Paolucci, Pellegrino Mazzone, Romania Stilo, Ettore Varricchio, Maddalena Pizzulo, Egildo Luca D'Andrea, Carla Reale, and Ivan Scudiero
- Subjects
Gene isoform ,endocrine system ,animal structures ,QH301-705.5 ,animal diseases ,ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species ,Bioinformatics ,Article ,BCL10 ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Deubiquitinating enzyme ,Conserved sequence ,NF-kB ,Biology (General) ,Model organism ,Transcription factor ,CBM complex ,CARMA ,biology ,urogenital system ,ved/biology ,food and beverages ,biology.organism_classification ,Cell biology ,Trout ,biology.protein ,Rainbow trout - Abstract
Highlights • The complexes formed by BCL10, MALT1 and CARMA proteins are key regulators of NF-κB activation. • We report the functional characterization of tBCL10, a BCL10 isoform from the trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. • tBCL10 can functionally replace the human protein. • The rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss can serve as a model organism to study this pathway., The complexes formed by BCL10, MALT1 and members of the family of CARMA proteins have recently been the focus of much attention because they represent a key mechanism for regulating activation of the transcription factor NF-κB. Here, we report the functional characterization of a novel isoform of BCL10 in the trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, which we named tBCL10. tBCL10 dimerizes, binds to components of the CBM complex and forms cytoplasmic filaments. Functionally, tBCL10 activates NF-κB transcription factor and is inhibited by the deubiquitinating enzyme A20. Finally, depletion experiments indicate that tBCL10 can functionally replace the human protein. This work demonstrates the evolutionary conservation of the mechanism of NF-κB activation through the CBM complex, and indicates that the rainbow trout O.mykiss can serve as a model organism to study this pathway.
- Published
- 2015
48. Functional Characterization of Porcine (Sus scrofa) BCL10
- Author
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Marina Paolucci, Tiziana Zotti, Ettore Varricchio, Pasquale Vito, Pellegrino Mazzone, Romania Stilo, Angela Ferravante, Ivan Scudiero, Maddalena Pizzulo, Gianluca Telesio, Luca E. D’Andrea, and Carla Reale
- Subjects
Serine ,MALT1 ,Lymphatic system ,Immune system ,Cancer research ,Stimulation ,Biology ,Signal transduction ,Transcription factor ,BCL10 ,Cell biology - Abstract
Human BCL10 (hBCL10) protein is a signal transduction molecule originally identified because of its direct involvement in a subset of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas, and later recognized as a crucial factor in regulating activation of NF-kB transcription factor following antigen receptor stimulation on lymphocytes. In this study, we characterized the NF-kB inducing activity of porcine BCL10 (pBCL10). pBCL10 oligimerizes, binds to components of the CARMA/ BCL10/MALT1 complex and forms cytoplasmic filaments. Functionally, in human cells pBCL10 is more effective in activating NF-kB compared to hBCL10, possibly due to the lack of carboxy-terminal inhibitory serine residues present in the human protein. Also, depletion experiments carried out through expression of short hairpin RNAs targeting hBCL10 indicate that pBcl10 can functionally replace the human protein and retains its higher NF-kB-inducing property in the absence of hBCL10. Our results contribute useful information on BCL10 protein in pigs, and may help the development of strategies based on the control of the immune response in pigs.
- Published
- 2015
49. Pectin-based pellets for crayfish aquaculture: structural and functional characteristics and effects on redclaw Cherax quadricarinatus performances
- Author
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Gabriella Santagata, Elena Coccia, Mario Malinconico, M. Di Stasio, Marina Paolucci, and Maria Grazia Volpe
- Subjects
animal structures ,food.ingredient ,biology ,Pectin ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Pellets ,food and beverages ,Aquatic Science ,Crayfish ,biology.organism_classification ,complex mixtures ,food ,Cherax quadricarinatus ,Botany ,Pellet ,Digestive enzyme ,biology.protein ,Amylase ,Citrus Pectin ,Food science - Abstract
Pectin is a promising candidate to be employed as binder for manufacturing pellets for crayfish feeding. In this study, the gelling properties of different types of pectin and their effects on Cherax quadricarinatus performances have been analysed. Pectins with different degree of esterification from apple and citrus were screened to select those with the best gelling properties to be employed in pellet manufacturing. Three pectins were selected: low esterification degree apple pectin (LEAP), low esterification citrus pectin (LECP) and high esterification degree apple pectin (HEAP). Scanning electron microscopy analysis, nutrient leaching and water uptake indicated that LEAP showed the best aggregating properties, followed by LECP and HEAP pellets. Cherax quadricarinatus performances were affected by the pectin type, with redclaw fed LEAP pellets showing the highest (P
- Published
- 2014
50. Single or combined effects of fructo- and mannan oligosaccharide supplements on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, immune responses and stress resistance of juvenile narrow clawed crayfish, Astacus leptodactylus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823
- Author
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Omid Safari, Masoomeh Mehraban Sang Atash, Marina Paolucci, and Davar Shahsavani
- Subjects
biology ,Fructooligosaccharide ,Aquatic Science ,Crayfish ,Astacus leptodactylus ,biology.organism_classification ,Aeromonas hydrophila ,Animal science ,Biochemistry ,Hemolymph ,biology.protein ,Juvenile ,Amylase ,Mannan - Abstract
A 126-day experiment was carried out under controlled conditions to compare the effects of mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) at three levels (1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 g kg − 1 ) in the single diets and three levels (0.75, 1.5 and 2.25 g kg − 1 ) in the combined diets on the growth performance, nutritional efficiency indices, In vivo ADC of nutrients, digestive enzymes, hemolymph indices and finally, biological responses against 12-h air exposure and 48-h Aeromonas hydrophila exposure challenges of juvenile (10.56 ± 0.32 g) crayfish Astacus leptodactylus leptodactylus . The highest values of SGR (1.59% day − 1 ), VFI (3.80% body weight day − 1 ), survival rate (94.1%) and the lowest FCR (2.67) were observed in the juvenile crayfish fed the diet containing 2.25 g kg − 1 MOS and 1.5 g kg − 1 FOS. The significantly ( p − 1 MOS and 1.5 g kg − 1 FOS. The mean of In vivo ADC OM (73.47%), In vivo ADC CP (84.98%), In vivo ADC CF (83.79%) and In vivo ADC GE (82.77%) of the juvenile crayfish fed the diet containing MOS was higher than those of juvenile crayfish fed the diet containing FOS. The juvenile crayfish fed the diet containing 2.25 g kg − 1 MOS and 1.5 g kg − 1 FOS had the significantly ( p − 1 ) for amylase (8.21), lipase (7.3) and alkaline protease (7.5) and the mean (× 10 5 cell ml − 1 ) of hemolymph indices (× 10 5 cell ml − 1 ) including THC (107.14), HC (97.18), SGC (38.12) and LGC (47.36). After 12-h air exposure challenge, the juvenile crayfish fed the combined diets showed significantly ( p A. hydrophila injected crayfish fed the single diets containing MOS (20.1%) was significantly ( p − 1 MOS and 1.5 g kg − 1 FOS in the diet was considered optimum. It can be concluded that dietary MOS and FOS exerted positive effects on the growth performance, feed utilization and accelerated crayfish immune responses against air and bacterial exposure challenges.
- Published
- 2014
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