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The work aimed to evaluate the metabolic profile in sheep without a defined breed standard, consuming diets composed of silage of by-products of passion fruit in substitution for hay of Tifton. The work was carried out at the Engineering and Agricultural Sciences Campus of the Federal University of Alagoas, using 28 sheep, with an average body weight of 25 kg. With a 60-day trial period, 15 for adapting the environment and management and 45 for data collection. The diet consisted of bulky Tifton hay (Cynodon ssp.) And passion fruit by-product (peel) silage (Passiflora edulins), and as a concentrate, soybean meal (Glycine max), corn meal (Zea mays) and mineral salt, provided ad libitum. The treatments consisted of levels of passion fruit residue to replace the typhoon hay (0, 20, 40 and 60%) in diets whose proportion was 60% roughage and 40% concentrate. The animals were housed in individual, identified pens, provided with a feeder and a drinking fountain. They were weighed at the beginning and end of the experimental period. The collection of spot urine, as well as blood, was performed four hours after the supply of food. The design used was completely randomized, whose data were interpreted through analysis of variance and regression through the statistical program SAS (2001). For the consumption of dry matter and body weights, an increasing linear behavior was observed. The urine volume also exhibited the same behavior. The metabolic profile of the sheep showed an increasing linear behavior, as well as the microbial protein synthesis for the replacement levels. The replacement of Tifton hay by silage of the passion fruit residue presents better metabolic profiles and microbial protein in confined sheep. KEYWORDS: Lambs, Ruminants, Metabolism. RESUMO: O trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o perfil metabólico em ovinos sem padrão de raça definido, consumindo dietas compostas de silagem de subprodutos de maracujá em substituição ao feno de Tífton. O trabalho foi realizado no Campus de Engenharias e Ciências Agrárias da Universidade Federal de Alagoas, utilizando-se 28 ovinos, com peso corporal médio de 25 kg. Com período experimental de 60 dias sendo 15 para adaptação do ambiente e manejo, e 45 dias para coleta de dados. A dieta tinha como volumoso feno de Tífton (Cynodon ssp.) e silagem de subproduto (cascas) de maracujá (Passiflora edulins), e como concentrado, farelo de soja (Glycine max), farelo de milho (Zea mays) e sal mineral, fornecidos ad libitum. Os tratamentos foram constituídos de níveis de resíduo de maracujá em substituição ao feno de Tífton (0, 20, 40 e 60%) em dietas cuja proporção foi 60% de volumoso e 40% de concentrado. Os animais foram alojados em baias individuais, identificadas, providas de comedouro e bebedouro. Foram pesados no início e fim do período experimental. A coleta de urina spot, bem como o sangue, foi efetuada quatro horas após o fornecimento da alimentação. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, os dados foram interpretados por meio de análise de variância e regressão por meio do programa estatístico SAS (2001). Para o consumo de matéria seca e os pesos corporais foram observados comportamento linear crescente. O volume urinário também apresentou o mesmo comportamento. O perfil metabólico dos ovinos apresentou um comportamento linear crescente, bem como a síntese de proteína microbiana para os níveis de substituição. A substituição do feno de Tífton pela silagem do resíduo de maracujá apresenta melhores perfis metabólicos e proteína microbiana em ovinos confinados. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cordeiros, Ruminantes, Metabolismo.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the intake, performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of goats submitted to grazing in the Caatinga rangeland supplemented with two hays: jitirana (Merremia aegyptia) or mororó (Bauhinia cheilanta), with or without the association of spineless cactus (Nopalea cochelinifera Salm Dick), and a treatment without supplementation (control). Thirty male goats (castrated), of no defined breed, with an initial mean body weight of 19 ± 0.35 kg and approximately 90 days of age were used. The experimental design was completely randomized, using initial body weight as a covariate, in a factorial design (2 x 2) + 1, with five treatments and six replicates. The highest intake of supplement, total dry matter (DM), non-fiber carbohydrates (NFC), and total digestible nutrients (TDN) intakes occurred in the animals supplemented with jitirana or mororó hays associated with spineless cactus, and higher crude protein (CP) intake accounted for goats supplemented with mororó hay and spineless cactus. Higher intakes of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were observed in the animals fed with jitirana hay. There were no dietary influences in pasture DM intake, performance, cut weights, and carcass characteristics. As for the quality of the meat, there was an influence of the treatments only on the parameter b* (yellowness). Feeding supplementation with jitirana and mororó hays, and spineless cactus did not improve performance and carcass characteristics, and did not negatively influence the quality of goat meat raised on pasture in the Caatinga region. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o consumo, desempenho, características de carcaça e a qualidade da carne de caprinos criados em pastejo na Caatinga e suplementados com dois tipos de fenos: jitirana (Merremia aegyptia) ou mororó (Bauhinia cheilanta), com ou sem a associação a palma forrageira (Nopalea cochelinifera Salm Dick), e um tratamento sem suplementação (controle). Foram utilizados 30 caprinos machos castrados, sem padrão racial definido, com peso corporal inicial de 19 ± 0,35 kg e aproximadamente 90 dias de idade. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, usando o peso corporal inicial como covariável, em arranjo fatorial (2x2) + 1, com cinco tratamentos e seis repetições. Os maiores consumos de suplemento, consumo total de matéria seca (MS), carboidratos não fibrosos (CNF) e dos nutrientes digestíveis totais (NDT) ocorreram para os animais alimentados com feno de jitirana ou mororó associados à palma forrageira, e maior consumo de proteína bruta (PB) ocorreu pelos caprinos suplementados com o feno de mororó com palma forrageira. Maiores consumos de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) foram observados nos animais suplementados com feno de jitirana. Não houve influência das dietas sobre o consumo de MS do pasto, desempenho, pesos dos corte e as características de carcaça. Quanto a qualidade da carne, houve influencia dos tratamentos apenas sobre o parâmetro b* (Intensidade de amarelo). A suplementação alimentar com os fenos de jitirana e mororó, e palma forrageira não proporcionou melhorias no desempenho e nas características de carcaça, bem como não influenciou negativamente a qualidade da carne de caprinos criados em pastejo em região de Caatinga.

The objective of this study was to evaluate non-carcass components of goats submitted to grazing in the Caatinga rangeland and supplemented with spineless cactus (Nopalea cochelinifera Salm Dick), Jitirana hay (Merremia aegyptia L. Urban) and Mororó hay (Bauhinia cheilanta Bong Stend). Thirty male goats (castrated), with no defined breed, with an initial mean body weight of 19 ± 0.35 kg and approximately 90 days of age were used. The treatments consisted of grazing without supplementation (GWS), grazing + Jitirana hay (GJ); grazing + Jitirana hay + spineless cactus (GJSC); grazing + Mororó hay (GM); grazing + Mororó hay + spineless cactus (GMSC). The means of the variables were tested by Tukey's test at 5% probability. The goats fed GWS, GJSC, GM and GMSC presented higher weights and yields of the diaphragm, and the spleen weight (p < 0.05). The highest yield of omasum (p < 0.05) occurred with goats fed GJ treatment. There were treatments (p < 0.05) on omental fat weight and leg yield, with the highest values for goats, fed GWS, GJSC, GM, and GMSC. The "Buchada" EBW-1 yield was higher (p < 0.05) for animals fed GWS. Feeding supplementation of goats grazing in the Caatinga had few influences on weights and yields of non-carcass components. The objective of this study was to evaluate non-carcass components of goats submitted to grazing in the Caatinga rangeland and supplemented with spineless cactus (Nopalea cochelinifera Salm Dick), Jitirana hay (Merremia aegyptia L. Urban) and Mororó hay (Bauhinia cheilanta Bong Stend). Thirty male goats (castrated), with no defined breed, with an initial mean body weight of 19 ± 0.35 kg and approximately 90 days of age were used. The treatments consisted of grazing without supplementation (GWS), grazing + Jitirana hay (GJ); grazing + Jitirana hay + spineless cactus (GJSC); grazing + Mororó hay (GM); grazing + Mororó hay + spineless cactus (GMSC). The means of the variables were tested by Tukey's test at 5% probability. The goats fed GWS, GJSC, GM and GMSC presented higher weights and yields of the diaphragm, and the spleen weight (p < 0.05). The highest yield of omasum (p < 0.05) occurred with goats fed GJ treatment. There were treatments (p < 0.05) on omental fat weight and leg yield, with the highest values for goats, fed GWS, GJSC, GM, and GMSC. The "Buchada" EBW-1 yield was higher (p < 0.05) for animals fed GWS. Feeding supplementation of goats grazing in the Caatinga had few influences on weights and yields of non-carcass components.

SUMMARY This study aimed to verify the influence of months on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of pasture and forage selected by goats in the semiarid region of Brazil’s Pernambuco state. Six male goats fistulated in the rumen were used in a completely randomized design. Forage collection was conducted in herbaceous and shrub/tree layers, in order to simulate goat grazing, and materials were separated into leaves and branches. Extrusa and pasture collections were held in November, January and February/March. There was collection month (P

The objective of this study was to evaluate morphometric measures, carcass yields, absolute weights and yields of commercial cuts of carcass of kids with no defined breed. Eighteen castrated male goats, with average weight of 15 kg were used. The experimental period lasted 105 days. The experimental design was completely randomized; animals were allocated to three treatments: free grazing without supplementation; restricted grazing without supplementation and free grazing with supplementation. Animals were supplemented (1% of body weight) with forage cactus (Opuntia ficus - indica, Mill) and soybean meal (Glycine max). The feeding consisted of continuous grazing on caatinga. Supplemented animals had higher live slaughter weight and body score, and consequently higher morphometric measures in vivo and in carcasses. The supplementation provided carcasses with higher body weight and body score. For yields of carcass, there was no difference between treatments restricted grazing and grazing with supplementation; supplementation provided carcasses with higher yields. Supplemented animals had higher absolute weights for commercial cuts. Supplementation of grazing goats raised in the caatinga provides animals with higher body weight at slaughter, greater morphometric measures in vivo and in carcass and better body conformation. Therefore, for supplementation, the level used in this experiment is a good alternative in the creation of small ruminants during the dry period in the semi-arid region.

The body composition and net protein and energy requirements for weight gain of 5/8 Hostein-Zebu crossbred cattle raised in Brachiaria decumbens Spaft pasture were evaluated. In total, 16 bulls with 10 months of age and body weight (BW) of 180 ± 19.95 kg were used. The animals were kept with free access to pasture or with restricted grazing (from 6 to 10 h). Four animals were slaughtered at the beginning of the experimental period to estimate the empty body weight (EBW) and the initial body composition of the remaining animals. The other animals were slaughtered at the end of the 84-day trial period. The logarithm equations of the protein and energy body content were adjusted according to the logarithm of the empty body weight EBW. From these equations, the net protein and energy requirements for weight gain were estimated. There was an increase in fat (from 37.17 to 59.08 g/kg EBW) and energy (from 1.68 to 1.94 Mcal/kg EBW) concentrations, with increase in body weight from 150 to 250 kg. The protein and energy requirements for gaining 1 kg of EBW increased with the increase in body weight or empty body weight. The relationship between fat concentration in gain and protein requirements also increased, indicating that as the BW or EBW increase, more fat deposition in the gain is observed.

Performance and carcass characteristics of dairy crossbreds bulls in grazing, restricted or "ad libitum", during rainy season. The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristic of crossbred bulls (5/8 holstein/zebu) in grazing of "Brachiaria decumbens" with restrict access or "ad libitum". 16 animals with an average of age and live weight of 10 months and 180kg respectively were used. The animals were assigned in a randomized block design, according to the following treatments: "ad libitium" grazing (AG) and restricted grazing (RG) (4 hours/day). The experimental period lasted 114 days. There were statistical differences between the treatments (P