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Data on two vascular plant species new to Russian flora and other 32 notable regional records made in seven regions of European Russia (Vologda Region, Kostroma Region, Leningrad Region, Pskov Region, Yaroslavl Region, Saint-Petersburg and Udmurt Republic) are given. The presented material is derived from the floristic inventories conducted in 2006-2017, and critical study of the available herbarium. Euphrasia micrantha Rchb. and Senecio inaequidens DC. are reported as new to Russia, the first species as native and the secong one as alien. Bupleurum falcatum L. is reported as a new alien species for the flora of NW European Russia. Bidens frondosa L. is new for the Pskov Region. Cardamine flexuosa With. is reported for the Yaroslavl Region for the first time. Eight taxa are reported as new to the Kostroma Region, five of them (Alnus x hybrida R. Br. ex Rchb., Carex bohemica Schreb., Cladium mariscus (L.) Pohl, Sedum maximum (L.) Hoffm. and Urtica galeopsifolia Wierzb. ex Opiz) considered native, and three others (Collomia linearis Nutt., Gypsophila elegans Bieb. and Silene armeria L.) as alien. Dryopteris x uliginosa (A. Br. ex Doll) Kuntze ex Druce is a new hybrid for the Kostroma Region, Leningrad Region and Udmurt Republic. In addition, 20 species with lacking regional records are reported to. The data presented points to a continuing spreading of alien plants across European Russia. On the other hand, the native flora of some regions is still poorly investigated.

Information is provided on 53 regionally protected vascular plant species of the Kostroma Region, including one nationally protected species Cypripedium calceolus L., which were found in 2011-2014 in the western parts of the region. 22 species are new to 6 districts, the occurrence of 6 species known at the beginning of the 20th century from a number of localities has been confirmed. Brief comments on the features of the distribution, occurrence and coenotic preferences of the species in the west of the Kostroma Region are given. The occurrence of some species (e. g. Eleocharis uniglumis, Viola collina, Chaerophyllum aromaticum) turned out to be higher than supposed previously. The regional distribution of many protected species is poorly known. The new findings greatly expand our knowledge on the distribution of some species within the region.