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Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:04:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-12-01 Defense, vigilance, and optimal foraging are frequently related to the formation of flocks in birds. Few studies concerning long-distance migrant shorebirds analyzed whether phylogeny and ecological similarities of species are associated with the formation of heterospecific flocks. Here, we explore (1) the niche conservatism theory, (2) the competition-relatedness hypothesis, and (3) the niche construction hypothesis to explain the formation of wintering Nearctic-Neotropical heterospecific shorebird flocks in the southeastern coast of Brazil. In the first, closely-related species keep their ecological traits over time. In the last two hypotheses, ecological dissimilar and distant-related species may coexist due to strong biotic interactions. Our results discard the influence of relatedness between species and/or phylogenetic filtering signals that could act in the formation of heterospecific flocks. Co-participation of species in flocks is explained by similarities in body weight and tarsus length, which invokes the niche construction hypothesis. Probably, some similar-sized and niche-constructing species are relocating in space and changing the environment that they experience to optimize individual capacity to flee from predators. From an ecological perspective, numerous phenotypically similar species with redundant roles could lead to greater resilience of the community under anthropogenic disturbances. From an evolutionary perspective, different species with similar phenotypes may diminish costs of activity matching and augment individual fitness. Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Campus Umuarama – Bloco 2D. Avenida Pará, 1720 Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), 24-A, 1515. CEP Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), 24-A, 1515. CEP

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T19:48:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 Shorebirds join cohesive flocks for safety. The joining of individuals of several species in large heterospecific flocks can optimise individual vigilance and foraging. However, a large number of conspecific individuals in flocks may deplete food resources and increase intraspecific competition. In the present study, we argue that Nearctic-Neotropical migratory shorebird species join large heterospecific flocks in a balanced number as a way of controlling intraspecific competition. We recorded monospecific and heterospecific flocks in urban beaches from southeastern Brazil and annotated the species richness and the number of individuals per bird species per flock. Besides, we recorded the number of people around shorebird flocks to examine any relationship with flock size. We also recorded the foraging rate of the semipalmated plover Charadrius semipalmatus, a common migrant species in the region, as a species model to test competition and vigilance. We hypothesised that this species would exhibit a low foraging rate in scenarios with high intraspecific competition (i.e. large flocks with a high number of conspecifics) and high density of people, which may disturb birds. In the initial results, the density of people did not influence size of monospecific and heterospecific flocks; heterospecific flocks were larger than monospecific flocks, and heterospecific flocks increased in size by the addition of more species rather than more individuals of the same species. These data reflect a decrease in the relative abundance of individuals per species. Additionally, the semipalmated plover foraging rate was reduced in monospecific flocks, flocks with a high relative abundance (and total number) of the specific individuals and flocks surrounded by a high density of people. All these results indicate that shorebirds may adjust flock composition and size according to preferred foraging conditions, i.e. large and balanced heterospecific flocks with less intraspecific competition and less vigilance to potential predators in wintering areas. Univ Fed Uberlandia, Biol Inst, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Zool Dept, Rio Claro, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Zool Dept, Rio Claro, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:19:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-08-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Alterations in stream environments can alter fish food availability, but there is little research data related to the impacts of urbanization on fish diets in tropical streams. Thus, we sought to compare the diet of ten fish species in urbanized and non-urbanized streams reaches. Fish stomach contents were obtained for four urban and five non-urban stream reaches from two medium-sized cities. We verified the similarity of diet composition from urbanized/non-urbanized streams. In-stream features mainly related to the substrate highlighted a perturbation gradient: gravel, pebbles and cobbles were associated to the wider urban reaches while silt were representative in the narrow pools from non-urban streams. Fishes changed their diet in response to urban and non-urban treatments. Omnivorous fishes consumed more detritus and Chironomidae and less terrestrial adult insects in urban reaches, while invertivorous fish consumed more terrestrial adult insects and Trichoptera larvae in the non-urbanized stream reaches. Although the management of the physical structure of streams in Brazil has been basically focused on riparian reforestation, our results suggest that a restoration plan for urban streams cannot be limited to reforestation of its surroundings, but also need to consider the physical structure of the channel, especially the substrate, which contributes to promote in-stream variability. Programa Peixe Vivo – Companhia Energetica Minas Gerais (Cemig), Av. Barbacena, 1200, Santa Agostinho Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Av. 24A, 1515, 13506-900, Rio Claro Departamento de Ciências Ambientais (DCA) Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) – Sorocaba, Rodovia João Leme dos Santos (SP 264), km 110, 18.052-780, Sorocaba Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Av. 24A, 1515, 13506-900, Rio Claro FAPESP: 2009/53056-8 FAPESP: 2010/13758-0

Animal species gain protection against visually oriented predators when they choose a suitable substrate that maximizes camouflaging. The choice of appropriate substrate may be particularly important during the brooding period when vulnerability of the parents and their progeny is high. The Common Potoo (Nyctibius griseus) is a well-camouflaged bird that blends nearly perfectly into a branch extension. Camouflage may be so effective for this species that perched individuals may wait until the last second before fleeing a potential predator. We compared the features of day perch substrates used by this bird during nesting and nonnesting occasions. We accessed 1,560 photos online and found that Common Potoo predominantly use natural tree substrates for nesting and resting (1,510 photos, 96.8%), except for a small percentage of individuals (50 photos, 3.2%) that choose seemingly risky artificial substrates (e.g., wires, traffic poles, and even plastic bottles) as resting sites. In addition, a random...

The aim of study was to determine the in vitro sun protection factor (SPF) and the photostability profile of a topical formulation composed of nanoparticles loaded with vegetable extracts and to assess its physicochemical properties. Chitosan/tripolyphosphate (TPP) nanoparticles loaded with flavonoids-enriched vegetable extracts (Ginkgo biloba L., Dimorphandra mollis Benth, Ruta graveolens, and Vitis vinifera L.) were produced and characterized for their morphology, mean particle size, zeta potential, and encapsulation efficiency. A final topical formulation was obtained by dispersing chitosan/TPP nanoparticles in an o/w emulsion. Results showed that nanoparticles dispersion exhibited yellowish color, spherical shape, and uniform appearance. Extract-loaded chitosan/TPP nanoparticles showed a mean particle size of 557.11±3.1 nm, polydispersity index of 0.39±0.27, zeta potential of +11.54±2.1 mV, and encapsulation efficiency of 75.89% of rutin. The recorded texture parameters confirm that the developed formulation is appropriate for skin application. The SPF obtained was 2.3±0.4, with a critical wavelength of 387.0 nm and 0.69 UVA/UVB ratio. The developed formulation exhibited photostability, allowing the release of flavonoids from nanoparticles while retaining rutin into the skin in a higher extension., The authors acknowledge FAPESP (grant number 2015/25533-7 and 2017/14757-7), CAPES, and CNPq agencies for the financial support of this study. The authors also acknowledge the financial support received from the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation (FCT/MCT) and from the European Funds (PRODER/COMPETE) under the project reference M-ERA-NET/0004/2015-PAIRED, co-financed by FEDER, under the Partnership Agreement PT2020., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:18:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-06-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The role of riparian forests in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems is well known, and they are recognized as an important food source for riverine fauna. This study investigates the trophic structure of coastal freshwater stream fishes from a large conservation area in an Atlantic rainforest using stomach content and food availability analyses. Four samples were collected from 19 sample sites. Fishes were caught with electrofishing. Prey were sampled with trays, Surber, traps, and electrofishing to evaluate the availability of food resources. The diets of 20 fish species were determined from the stomach contents of 1691 individuals. Terrestrial and aquatic insects and detritus were the most consumed items. Fish diet and prey availability were not seasonally dependent. A cluster analysis showed five trophic functional groups: terrestrial insectivores, aquatic insectivores, detritivores, carnivores, and omnivores. Insectivores predominated in species richness (60%), abundance (47%) and biomass (39%). Allochthonous and autochthonous items were found in similar proportions in the environment; however, allochthonous items were representative for insectivores and detritivores, whereas autochthonous items were important for primarily aquatic insectivores. The preference for certain insects by insectivorous fishes was associated with food selectivity rather than the availability of the resource and demonstrated the strong relationship between feeding behavior and food preference. The absence of seasonal variation in the diets of the fishes was possibly related to the consistent food supply. Our results confirm the role of the forest as a food provider for stream fishes, such as terrestrial insects and plant debris/detritus (also consumed by aquatic insects, which subsequently serve as food for fish), highlighting the importance of conserving the Brazilian Atlantic rainforests. Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Instituto de Biociências (IB), Avenida 24-A, 1515. Bela Vista, CEP 13506-900 Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica Laboratório de Ictiologia Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas (IBILCE), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, CEP 15054-000 Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Instituto de Biociências (IB), Avenida 24-A, 1515. Bela Vista, CEP 13506-900 Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica Laboratório de Ictiologia Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP) Instituto de Biociências Letras e Ciências Exatas (IBILCE), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, CEP 15054-000 FAPESP: 2008/55029-5 FAPESP: 2012/19723-0

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:17:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-05-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) For a better understanding of fish feeding biology it is desirable to know not only the food items ingested by the species but also the anatomical structures and feeding tactics that enable individuals to access specific food. Deuterodon iguape is an omnivorous and small-sized Characidae from coastal Atlantic rainforest. We describe the grazing tactic of D. iguape and discuss the associated mouth structures that enable individuals to access algae and debris from bedrocks in Atlantic forest streams. Mouth structures acting together with body inclination of individuals probably confer advantages to the species scraping foraging strategy (herein called hard substrate scraper while laterally inclined) and optimize the food intake. The ability of D. iguape to access specific food resources in Atlantic forest streams may confer ecological advantages in relation to other fish species that do not have as much trophic plasticity. Department of Zoology Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Campus Rio Claro Department of Zoology Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Campus Rio Claro FAPESP: 2008/55029-5 FAPESP: 2012/19723-0 FAPESP: 2012/20593-3 FAPESP: 2013/20794-1 CNPq: 402858/2012-3

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-26T19:19:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-12-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-31T13:04:44Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S2179-975X2013000400005.pdf: 1151285 bytes, checksum: f7ff46e26ecbd3379fbde6eaa710d7aa (MD5) Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA) COTEC Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) OBJETIVO: Em peixes, as estratégias de história de vida incluem parâmetros relacionados com a sobrevivência da prole, fecundidade e período reprodutivo, e representam características adaptativas que permitem uma espécie lidar com a variabilidade espacial e temporal das condições abióticas. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar as características reprodutivas associadas à teoria da história de vida de três espécies de Hyphessobrycon em dois ambientes lênticos (quatro lagoas marginais naturais e uma represa artificial) do rio Mogi Guaçu, bacia do alto rio Paraná. MÉTODOS: Os exemplares foram coletados com quatro armadilhas do tipo covo entre Agosto de 2005 e Julho de 2006 para abranger as estações seca e chuvosa (três amostras em cada estação e três amostras em cada ambiente). RESULTADOS: A estratégia reprodutiva de H. bifasciatus e H. eques, que ocorreram principalmente nas lagoas marginais, diferiu de H. anisitsi no reservatório. Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus e H. eques foram classificados como desovadores únicos, com fecundidade e tamanho de maturação gonadal menor, mas investiram mais em número de ovócitos por peso corpóreo, enquanto H. anisitsi foi classificado como desovador múltiplo, com fecundidade, tamanho de maturação gonadal e corpóreo maior. CONCLUSÕES: Em ambientes sazonais, os desovadores totais estão sincronizados com o período de inundação para maximizar a sobrevivência da prole, enquanto reservatórios abrigam desovadores múltiplos, devido à flutuação reduzida entre inundações resultante da operação da represa. Dessa forma, a condição sazonal das lagoas marginais devido ao pulso de inundação, favorece a tática reprodutiva dos desovadores totais, como apresentado por H. bifasciatus e H. eques. Ao contrário, a desova múltipla de H. anisitsi parece estar relacionada com a condição ambiental mais estável do ambiente ao longo do ano devido ao represamento. As histórias de vida registradas aqui para as espécies de Hyphessobrycon devem ser comuns para outras espécies de caracídeos que habitam ambientes similares. AIM: Life-history strategies in fish include essential parameters related to offspring survivorship, fecundity and time of reproduction, which represent adaptive traits that enable a species to deal with spatial and temporal variability of abiotic conditions. This study aimed to compare reproductive traits associated to life-history theory for three Hyphessobrycon species from two lentic environments (four natural oxbow lakes and a man-made reservoir) of Mogi Guaçu River, upper Paraná River basin. METHODS: Specimens were collected with four minnow traps between August 2005 and July 2006 to cover dry and wet seasons (three samples in each season, and three samples in each environment). RESULTS: Reproductive strategy of H. bifasciatus and H. eques, which predominated in the oxbow lakes, differed from H. anisitsi in the reservoir. Hyphessobrycon bifasciatus and H. eques were single spawners with lower fecundity and size at sexual maturity, but invested more in number of eggs per body gram, while H. anisitsi was a multiple spawner species with higher fecundity, larger size at sexual maturity and body size. CONCLUSIONS: In seasonal environments, single spawners are synchronized with the floods to maximize juvenile survivorship, while reservoirs harbors multiple spawners fish due to the reduced fluctuation between high and low floods resulting from dam operation. Therefore, the seasonal condition in the oxbow lakes due to the flood pulse favored single spawners tactic, as showed by H. bifasciatus and H. eques. In contrast, the multiple spawning of H. anisitsi seems to be related to the more stable environmental condition throughout the year provided by the dam. Life-histories reported herein to Hyphessobrycon species must be common to other characid fishes inhabiting similar environments. Universidade Estadual Paulista Laboratório de Ictiologia Universidade Santa Cecília Sustentabilidade de Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Federal de São Carlos Diversidade Biológica e Conservação Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Laboratório de Ictiologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Zoologia IBAMA: 02027.000991/2005-71 COTEC: 42.042/2005

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:29:28Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:37:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-84877002166.pdf: 3657822 bytes, checksum: 3f023521706a9412ec94ced39369c7ee (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:29:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-05-07 The Juréia-Itatins Ecological Station (JIES) is one of the few protected areas in the state of São Paulo, which harbor a significant portion of the Atlantic forest. Although there is high diversity and endemism of fish species in this region, knowledge of the ichthyofauna in JIES is incipient. A total of 4,809 specimens belonging to six orders, 15 families and 31 species were captured during April 2009 to February 2010, using electrofishing, gillnets and traps. The family Characidae was predominant, mainly due to the abundance of freshwater species such as Astyanax ribeirae, Mimagoniates microlepis, and Hollandichthys multifasciatus. Although the estuarine regions were rarely sampled in this study, six brackish water species were captured. In this study, nine species previously unknown from JIES were discovered. Five endangered fish species, endemic to the Atlantic forest, occur at JIES, thus the presence of protected areas, as a conservation measure, is particularly relevant. © 2013 Check List and Authors. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida 2A, 1515, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Zoologia, Avenida 2A, 1515, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:43:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1679-62252011000100019.pdf: 397142 bytes, checksum: bc415c9df1b75e22b05ba491d3a53dd6 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:43:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1679-62252011000100019.pdf: 397142 bytes, checksum: bc415c9df1b75e22b05ba491d3a53dd6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:31:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1679-62252011000100019.pdf: 397142 bytes, checksum: bc415c9df1b75e22b05ba491d3a53dd6 (MD5) S1679-62252011000100019.pdf.txt: 48144 bytes, checksum: 2aa057062627f3d0cf7d76d209f057d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:59:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1679-62252011000100019.pdf: 397142 bytes, checksum: bc415c9df1b75e22b05ba491d3a53dd6 (MD5) S1679-62252011000100019.pdf.txt: 48144 bytes, checksum: 2aa057062627f3d0cf7d76d209f057d4 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:59:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1679-62252011000100019.pdf: 397142 bytes, checksum: bc415c9df1b75e22b05ba491d3a53dd6 (MD5) S1679-62252011000100019.pdf.txt: 48144 bytes, checksum: 2aa057062627f3d0cf7d76d209f057d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 A maioria dos peixes da família Rivulidae são popularmente conhecidos como anuais por completarem todo seu ciclo biológico em pequenos corpos de água temporários que secam obrigatoriamente em determinados períodos do ano causando a morte dos indivíduos adultos. Possuem características biológicas peculiares como pequeno porte, maturação sexual precoce, reprodução contínua, um elaborado padrão de corte e uma grande capacidade reprodutiva entre os peixes. Os rivulídeos se encontram amplamente distribuídos nas Américas do Norte, Central e Sul. Este trabalho analisou a dieta e a biologia reprodutiva de Cynopoecilus melanotaenia. Foram coletados 263 exemplares e a análise de 233 conteúdos gastrointestinais revelou uma dieta invertívora composta principalmente por microcrustáceos (Cladocera, Amphipoda e Ostracoda) e insetos imaturos (Chaoboridae, Culicidae, Syrphidae, mas principalmente larvas de Chironomidae). Foi registrada a lepidofagia na dieta dos machos. A fecundidade foi estimada pela análise de 59 pares de ovários maduros e variou entre 2 a 157 ovócitos (média, 19 ± 26[DP]). A espécie apresentou desova parcelada, uma estratégia para aumentar a chance de sobrevivência a depleções prolongadas. Este trabalho apresenta a primeira investigação sobre a biologia reprodutiva de C. melanotaenia. Os resultados encontrados sugerem a estratégia reprodutiva oportunista de C. melanotaenia e fornecem novas informações biológicas que podem contribuir para pesquisas de conservação e manutenção da espécie em seu ambiente natural. Most Rivulidae fishes are popularly known as annual fishes which live in ephemeral environments such as pools, that obligatorily dry out seasonally causing the death of adult individuals. They have unique biological characteristics such as small body size, early sexual maturation, continuous reproduction, an elaborated courtship behavior, and a great reproductive capacity among fishes. The rivulids are widely distributed in North, Central and South America. In this study, the diet and reproductive biology of Cynopoecilus melanotaenia was analyzed. A total of 263 specimens were collected and the analysis of 233 gastrointestinal contents revealed an invertivorous diet composed mainly of small crustaceans (Cladocera, Amphipoda, and Ostracoda) and immature insects (Chaoboridae, Culicidae, Syrphidae, but mainly Chironomidae larvae). Lepidophagy on male's diet was also registered. Fecundity was estimated by analyzing 59 pairs of mature ovaries and ranged from 2 to 157 oocytes (mean, 19 ± 26[SD]). The species has fractional spawning, a strategy to increase the chance of survival to prolonged depletions. This study is the first to investigate the reproductive biology of C. melanotaenia. The results confirmed the opportunistic character of the rivulid C. melanotaenia and provided unreported reproductive information that may aid conservation of the species. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Departamento de Ecologia Instituto Pró-Pampa Laboratório de Ictiologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Departamento de Ecologia

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-01T13:08:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2014-03-01Bitstream added on 2014-10-01T14:03:48Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1679-62252014000100177.pdf: 2844490 bytes, checksum: 2700b4aaf4ff911c778de19f0b61ee64 (MD5) Em ambientes de riacho, fatores relacionados à estrutura dos habitats e limnologia interagem regulando os padrões de transferência de energia e matéria, afetando a composição da comunidade de peixes. Em bacias costeiras do sudeste do Brasil as características limnológicas e estrutura dos habitats diferem entre riachos de águas claras e pretas. Os primeiros são compostos por uma variedade de tipos de substrato, possuem velocidades de corrente mais elevadas e baixa condutividade, enquanto os últimos apresentam substrato arenoso, baixas velocidades de corrente e águas escuras e ácidas. Neste trabalho analisamos a importância relativa da estrutura dos habitats e das variáveis limnológicas como preditores dos padrões de composição em comunidades de peixes de riachos. Oito riachos de primeira a terceira ordem foram amostrados na planície costeira da bacia do rio Itanhaém. Capturamos 34 espécies e verificamos que a composição das comunidades foi influenciada por fatores estruturais e limnológicos, sendo os primeiros mais importantes. Uma fração de variação que não pode ser totalmente decomposta, deve-se à influência conjunta da limnologia e estrutura dos habitats. Algumas das espécies restritas aos riachos de águas pretas provavelmente apresentam adaptações fisiológicas e comportamentais para lidar com os baixos níveis de pH. Quando foram examinados somente os riachos de águas claras, toda a variação explicada na composição da comunidade de peixes foi atribuída aos fatores estruturais, devido a preferências específicas por diferentes características de hábitats. In stream environments habitat structure and limnological factors interact regulating patterns of energy and material transfer and affecting fish communities. In the coastal basins of Southeastern Brazil, limnological and structural characteristics differ between clear and blackwaters streams. The former have a diversity of substrate types, higher water velocities, and lower water conductivity, while the latter have sandy substrate, tea-colored and acidic waters, and low water velocities. In this study, we verified the relative importance of habitat structure and limnological variables in predicting patterns of variation in stream fish communities. Eight first to third order streams were sampled in the coastal plain of Itanhaém River basin. We captured 34 fish species and verified that community structure was influenced by physical habitat and limnology, being the former more important. A fraction of the variation could not be totally decomposed, and it was assigned to the joint influence of limnology and habitat structure. Some species that were restricted to blackwater streams, may have physiological and behavioral adaptations to deal with the lower pH levels. When we examined only the clearwater streams, all the explained variation in fish community composition was assigned to structural factors, which express specific preferences for different types of habitats. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Exatas Laboratório de Ictiologia Universidade Federal de São Carlos Programa de Pós-Graduação em Diversidade Biológica e Conservação Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias para a Sustentabilidade UNISANTA Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sustentabilidade de Ecossistemas Costeiros e Marinhos Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Ecologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Exatas Laboratório de Ictiologia

Resumo A Mata Atlântica cobria a maior parte do norte-fluminense, estando atualmente reduzida a menos de 10% de sua area original. Entretanto, pouco se sabe sobre a composicao floristica e a estrutura dos fragmentos florestais desta regiao. Este estudo visou caracterizar a composicao floristica e a estrutura de um trecho de Floresta Ombrofila Densa Submontana do Parque Natural Municipal Fazenda Atalaia (PNMFA - Macae, RJ). Foram analisadas duas areas com historicos de utilizacao distintos. Em cada area foram estabelecidas 30 parcelas de 100 m2 (10 × 10 m), onde os individuos arboreos com DAP > 5 cm foram registrados, identificados e mensurados. Foram amostrados 639 individuos de 118 especies, dentro de 86 generos de 39 familias botânicas. As familias mais representativas foram Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Myrtaceae, Meliaceae e Sapotaceae, com diferentes proporcoes de ocorrencia entre as duas areas analisadas. Nas duas areas, Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (jaqueira) foi a especie com maiores valores de todos os parâmetros fitossociologicos analisados. A area basal do PNMFA pode ser considerada de media a alta em relacao a localidades proximas. Apesar da invasao por A. heterophyllus e as baixas densidades da maioria das especies, as duas areas parecem estar se recuperando e, com o manejo desta especie exotica, e possivel que a area volte a guardar uma parcela da diversidade biologica da regiao norte-fluminense. Tree community structure and floristics of two Ombrophilous Dense Forest areas at Macae, Rio de Janeiro Abstract The Atlantic Forest covered most of the Northern region of Rio de Janeiro state, being reduced, nowadays, to less than 10% of its original area. However, little is known about the floristic composition and structure of the forest fragments of this region. This study aimed to characterize the floristic composition and structure of a Dense Ombrophilous Submontane Forest at Parque Natural Municipal Fazenda Atalaia (PNMFA - Macae, RJ). Two areas with different historical use were analyzed. In each area, 30 plots of 100 m2 (10 × 10 m) were established and the arboreal plants with DBH > 5cm were recorded and identified. A total of 639 individuals from 118 species, within 86 genera and 39 botanical families, were sampled. The most representative families were Fabaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Myrtaceae, Meliaceae and Sapotaceae, with different proportions of occurrence between the two areas analyzed. Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (jackfruit) had the highest values of all parameters in the phytosociological analysis. The basal area of PNMFA is considered medium to high compared to other locations. Despite the invasion by A. heterophyllus and low densities of most species, the two areas seem to be recovering, and with the management of this exotic species, it is possible that the area will preserve a portion of the biological diversity of northern Rio de Janeiro state.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T07:13:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-12-01 Habitat used by fish is often related with the requirements of the species, according to their morphological characteristics, feeding, and reproductive strategies. We describe the habitat preference, foraging behavior, and camouflage strategy of Scleromystax barbatus (Callichthyidae: Corydoradinae), an endemic catfish from coastal streams in the Atlantic Forest. The movement and foraging behavior of 11 individuals were observed using focal-fish method, and the habitat structure availability (i.e., depth, bottom type, and mesohabi-tat) was measured in a clearwater stream stretch with 40 m length and 2.8 m width (± 1.5 sd) in southeastern Brazil. In addition, six individuals were captured to verify stomach contents. Habitat selectivity of the species was assessed using the Ivlev electivity index that considers the frequency of occurrence of each habitat variable used by fish in relation to its environmental availability. Scleromystax barbatus selected pools and runs with sandy bottom in depths between 21 cm and 40 cm, and avoided gravel in shallower riffles (up to 10 cm). Individuals foraged close to the bottom in a head-down posture, speculating and revolving the substrate composed by sand, fallen leaves, and twigs. Their long snout and small barbels were used to dislodge the food items of the substrate, which were quickly sucked by the mouth. Aquatic immature insects (mainly trichopterans) were predominant in the stomach contents. Three fish species, Deuterodon iguape Eigenmann, 1907, Mima-goniates microlepis Steindachner, 1877, and Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824), were firstly registered following S. barbatus during its foraging activity. The brilliant golden body color with darkish spots of S. barbatus strongly resembles the stream bottom, which indicates disruptive camouflage. © 2013 by Unisinos. Laboratório de Ictiologia Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Julio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, Jardim Nazareth, 15054-000, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Julio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Avenida 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP Laboratório de Ictiologia Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Julio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, Jardim Nazareth, 15054-000, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Julio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP), Avenida 24A, 1515, Bela Vista, 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP

FIGURE 2. Bertolonia organensis Baumgratz, Goncalves-Silva & Nunes-Freitas: a. habit; b. details of the petiole and acrodromous veins on the abaxial leaf surface; c–d. details of abaxial and adaxial surfaces of the leaf, respectively; e. flower; f. bracteole; g–h. details of the petal apex with two and one glandular trichomes, respectively; i. antesepalous stamen; j. antepetalous stamen; k. hypanthium and calyx; l. detail of the trilobate connective appendage of the antesepalous stamen, lateral view; m. detail of the calcar on the connective of the antepetalous stamen, lateral view; n. detail of the trilobate connective appendage of the antesepalous stamen, dorsal view; o. style; p. ovary free inside the hypanthium; q. ovary in transversal section; r. fruits and bracteoles; s. seeds (Baumgratz 1187-A).

A new species of Bertolonia (Melastomataceae; Bertolonieae) endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest is described and illustrated. Bertolonia organensis is known from only one locality in the Serra dos Órgãos National Park, state of Rio de Janeiro. The main diagnostic characteristics that distinguish B. organensis are the leaves with bullate adaxial surface and foveolate abaxial surface, cordate base and seven acrodromous veins, petiole and hypanthium glandulose-punctate, setulose and setulose-glandulose, the external calyx lobes erect, thick, narrow-triangular, apex acuminate-glandulose, margin entire, not ciliate, and the anthers connective dorsally appendaged, trilobed or with an acute calcar. Comparisons with similar species, geographic distribution and habitat are presented for the new species, as well as a key to identify all Bertolonia taxa known from the state of Rio de Janeiro. Bertolonia organensis is classified as Critically Endangered (CR).

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-12T18:52:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-10-30 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:49:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-10-30 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T14:00:02Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T14:00:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2012-10-30 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Considerando que o conhecimento da reprodução é fundamental para a compreensão do ciclo de vida dos organismos, este trabalho buscou avaliar as estratégias reprodutivas dos saguirus Cyphocharax nagelii e Steindachnerina insculpta em um represamento no rio Mogi Guaçu (SP). Os exemplares foram coletados entre agosto de 2005 e julho de 2006 com redes-de-espera (com tamanhos de malha variando entre 1,5 e 5,0 cm entre nós adjacentes). A dinâmica reprodutiva, a condição corporal, o período reprodutivo, o tipo de desova e a fecundidade foram os parâmetros reprodutivos analisados nas duas espécies. A condição corpórea refletiu a dinâmica reprodutiva, sendo significativamente diferente entre os períodos seco e chuvoso. Durante o período seco, a atividade alimentar e o acúmulo de gordura na cavidade visceral foram maiores. O período reprodutivo das duas espécies abrangeu os meses entre agosto e fevereiro, com picos em outubro e dezembro, e a distribuição dos diâmetros de ovócitos permitiu classificá-las como desovadoras totais. A fecundidade aumentou com o peso e com o comprimento, atingindo em média 28.800 e 27.906 ovócitos por fêmea, para C. nagelii e S. insculpta, respectivamente, ao passo que a amplitude de diâmetros ovocitários variou de 50 a 1.025 µm para a primeira e de 75 a 975 µm para a segunda espécie. Considerando que espécies com estratégias reprodutivas diferentes também respondem de modos diferentes aos impactos ambientais, as informações obtidas são importantes subsídios para nortear medidas de manejo para essas espécies de curimatídeos. Considering that reproduction studies are fundamental to understand the life cycle of organisms, this study aimed to investigate the reproductive strategies of saguirus Cyphocharax nagelii and Steindachnerina insculpta in a dam of Mogi Guacu River, (SP). Specimens were collected between August 2005 and July 2006 using gillnets with mesh sizes ranging from 1.5 to 5.0 cm between adjacent knots. Reproductive dynamics, body condition, reproductive period, spawning type and fecundity were analyzed in both species. The body condition reflected the reproductive dynamics, and differed significantly between the wet and dry seasons. During the dry season, the feeding activity and the accumulation of fat in the visceral cavity were higher. The reproductive period of both species covered the months between August and February, with peaks in October and December, and the distribution of the diameters of oocytes allowed to classify them as total spawners. The fecundity increased with weight and length, reaching 28,800 and 27,906 oocytes per female for C. nagelii and S. insculpta, respectively, whereas the amplitude of oocyte diameters varied between 50-1025 mu m for the former and 75-975 mu m for the later species. Taking into account that species with different reproductive strategies also respond differently to environmental impacts, our findings provide important information to subsidize management plans for these curimatid species. Univ Estado São Paulo UNESP, Dept Zool, Inst Biociencias, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Univ Estado São Paulo UNESP, Dept Zool, Inst Biociencias, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 09/52478-6

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:43:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1679-62252012000300022.pdf: 359363 bytes, checksum: 3624f46214c25127541d5113d0150cbb (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:43:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1679-62252012000300022.pdf: 359363 bytes, checksum: 3624f46214c25127541d5113d0150cbb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:31:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1679-62252012000300022.pdf: 359363 bytes, checksum: 3624f46214c25127541d5113d0150cbb (MD5) S1679-62252012000300022.pdf.txt: 53556 bytes, checksum: dc894fadd26ab5a8129a1a396c966019 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:59:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1679-62252012000300022.pdf: 359363 bytes, checksum: 3624f46214c25127541d5113d0150cbb (MD5) S1679-62252012000300022.pdf.txt: 53556 bytes, checksum: dc894fadd26ab5a8129a1a396c966019 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:59:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1679-62252012000300022.pdf: 359363 bytes, checksum: 3624f46214c25127541d5113d0150cbb (MD5) S1679-62252012000300022.pdf.txt: 53556 bytes, checksum: dc894fadd26ab5a8129a1a396c966019 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) A falta de conhecimento dos peixes de água doce em riachos costeiros no estado de São Paulo é preocupante, considerando que estes riachos estão inseridos em um bioma brasileiro extremamente ameaçado, a floresta Atlântica. O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a composição da ictiofauna de riachos de águas claras e pretas em uma área preservada da Mata Atlântica. A pesca elétrica foi utilizada para amostrar a ictiofauna. Foram coletadas 20 espécies, sendo Astyanax ribeirae, Mimagoniates microlepis e Hollandichthys multifasciatus (Characiformes, Characidae), as mais representativas. de modo geral, o padrão de ocorrência e distribuição da ictiofauna observado variou de acordo com as características dos habitats, tanto no gradiente longitudinal nos riachos de águas claras, quanto entre os riachos de águas claras e o de águas pretas. Nos riachos de águas claras, os trechos de cabeceiras apresentaram riqueza e diversidade de espécies menor, enquanto o inverso ocorreu nos pontos médios e inferiores. Estas variações longitudinais da ictiofauna provavelmente estão associadas às características dos ambientes (profundidade, correnteza e substrato) em que foram encontradas, visto que a diversidade de habitats foi maior nos trechos de cabeceiras e menor nos trechos médios e inferiores. As variáveis físicas e químicas da água parecem não ter influenciado tanto a distribuição das espécies nos riachos de águas claras, porém as diferenças na composição da ictiofauna entre riachos de águas claras e de águas pretas foram influenciadas principalmente pelo pH. Ao contrário das diferenças espaciais, não foram registradas diferenças temporais nas ictiocenoses, provavelmente devido à ausência de um período seco pronunciado na região de estudo The lack of knowledge of the freshwater ichthyofauna of coastal streams in the State of São Paulo (Brazil) is a cause of concern, as these streams are inserted in the Atlantic forest, a hotspot highly threatened. The aim of the present study is to investigate the freshwater ichthyofauna composition of clear and blackwater streams in a preservation area of Brazilian Atlantic forest. Fish samples were taken using electrofishing. A total of 20 species were registered, with Astyanax ribeirae, Hollandichthys multifasciatus, and Mimagoniates microlepis (Characiformes, Characidae) as the more representative. In general, the observed pattern of occurrence and distribution of fish species varied according to habitat characteristics, due to the longitudinal gradient in clearwaters, and among clearwaters and blackwaters. In clearwater streams, the headwater stretches had lower species diversity, while the opposite occurred in the middle and lower sites. These longitudinal variations of ichthyofauna were related with habitat characteristics (depth, stream flow, and bottom type) in which they were found, since the diversity of habitats was higher in headwaters and lower in downstream reaches (middle and lower sites). The physical and chemical variables of water do not seem to have influenced the distribution of species in clearwater streams, but the clear and blackwater fish composition was influenced mainly by pH concentration. Unlike the spatial differences, significant temporal differences were not registered in fish assemblages, probably due to the absence of a pronounced dry season in the studied region. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho FAPESP: 08/55029-5

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:43:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1679-62252012000100020.pdf: 393937 bytes, checksum: c9485f51da313ee79b2abe63d649bd2a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:43:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1679-62252012000100020.pdf: 393937 bytes, checksum: c9485f51da313ee79b2abe63d649bd2a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:31:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1679-62252012000100020.pdf: 393937 bytes, checksum: c9485f51da313ee79b2abe63d649bd2a (MD5) S1679-62252012000100020.pdf.txt: 51986 bytes, checksum: c8be611055a88c4e1cea946aaaa6de62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T14:03:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1679-62252012000100020.pdf: 393937 bytes, checksum: c9485f51da313ee79b2abe63d649bd2a (MD5) S1679-62252012000100020.pdf.txt: 51986 bytes, checksum: c8be611055a88c4e1cea946aaaa6de62 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T14:03:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1679-62252012000100020.pdf: 393937 bytes, checksum: c9485f51da313ee79b2abe63d649bd2a (MD5) S1679-62252012000100020.pdf.txt: 51986 bytes, checksum: c8be611055a88c4e1cea946aaaa6de62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) O presente estudo verificou se a composição taxonômica e funcional de peixes de riachos varia ao longo de três condições de preservação da zona ripária: preservada (PRE), preservação intermediária (INT) e degradada (DEG). Cinco riachos de cada grupo foram selecionados e amostras foram obtidas em cada riacho em três ocasiões em períodos secos de 2004 a 2007. Pesca elétrica (PRE e INT), peneiras, puçás e redes de arrasto (DEG) foram usados de acordo com as características de cada local de coleta. No geral, 46 espécies foram registradas. Foram registradas diferenças na composição taxonômica e funcional de espécies entre os grupos, seguindo o gradiente de degradação da zona ripária. A ictiofauna encontrada em PRE foi típica de ambientes prístinos, consistindo em espécies de hábitos especializados, notavelmente bentônicas, insetívoras, intolerantes e reofílicas. No grupo INT, a substituição da floresta ripária por herbáceas ou gramíneas cria condições ambientais que favorecem a ocorrência de espécies tolerantes, mas também abriga uma fauna residual de espécies sensíveis. O grupo DEG foi representado principalmente por espécies detritívoras, tolerantes e de superfície. As modificações na composição de espécies foram representadas pela ocorrência e dominância de espécies tolerantes em detrimento da redução/eliminação daquelas mais sensíveis e especializadas, acompanhando o gradiente de degradação da zona ripária. Riachos florestados representam hábitats únicos para muitas espécies especializadas, sendo presumível esperar que a degradação da vegetação ripária cause homogeneização biótica que, por sua vez, pode reduzir a diversidade de espécies e os serviços ecossistêmicos. The aim of this study was to verify whether taxonomic and functional composition of stream fishes vary under three different preservation conditions of riparian zone: preserved (PRE), intermediate condition (INT), and degraded (DEG). Five stream stretches representing each condition were selected. Samples were taken from each stream in three occasions during the dry seasons from 2004 to 2007. Electro fishing (PRE and INT), sieves, dip nets, and hand seines (DEG) were used according to the characteristics of each sampled site. Overall, 46 species were registered. Differences in the taxonomic and functional species composition among groups were found, following the condition of riparian zones. The ichthyofauna recorded in the PRE was typical to pristine environments, consisting of species with specialized habits, notably benthic insectivores, intolerant, and rheophilics. In the INT group, replacement of riparian forest with shrubs and/or grasses created environmental conditions which favor the occurrence of tolerant species but also harbor a residual fauna of sensitive species. DEG streams presented mostly detritivores, tolerant, small sized fishes which occupy the surface and preferred slow water flux. Changes in the species composition were represented by the occurrence and dominance of tolerant species in detriment of the more sensitive and specialist species, following the gradient of degradation in the riparian zone. Forested streams act as unique habitats to many specialized species and it can be presumable that the degradation of riparian vegetation can generate biotic homogenization which may reduce species diversity and ecosystem services. Universidade Estadual Paulista Laboratório de Ictiologia Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica Universidade Estadual de Goiás Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso Laboratório de Ecologia Comportamental da Reprodução, Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Laboratório de Ictiologia Departamento de Zoologia e Botânica Universidade Estadual Paulista Departamento de Zoologia FAPESP: 08/03583-9 FAPESP: 08/58979-4 FAPESP: 09/11169-0

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:45:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S2179-975X2011000100002.pdf: 317661 bytes, checksum: 58955e6543c60531fe4997369aa0fcc9 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:45:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S2179-975X2011000100002.pdf: 317661 bytes, checksum: 58955e6543c60531fe4997369aa0fcc9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:34:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S2179-975X2011000100002.pdf: 317661 bytes, checksum: 58955e6543c60531fe4997369aa0fcc9 (MD5) S2179-975X2011000100002.pdf.txt: 44788 bytes, checksum: 872b765a1d439cedadeff7f4b8a44c23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:59:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S2179-975X2011000100002.pdf: 317661 bytes, checksum: 58955e6543c60531fe4997369aa0fcc9 (MD5) S2179-975X2011000100002.pdf.txt: 44788 bytes, checksum: 872b765a1d439cedadeff7f4b8a44c23 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:59:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S2179-975X2011000100002.pdf: 317661 bytes, checksum: 58955e6543c60531fe4997369aa0fcc9 (MD5) S2179-975X2011000100002.pdf.txt: 44788 bytes, checksum: 872b765a1d439cedadeff7f4b8a44c23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-03-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) OBJETIVO: Neste trabalho, a estrutura populacional e os aspectos alimentares e reprodutivos do queirodontíneo Serrapinnus heterodon são descritos, a partir de exemplares coletados no reservatório de uma pequena central hidrelétrica do rio Mogi Guaçu (SP); MÉTODOS: Os exemplares foram capturados bimensalmente entre agosto de 2005 e julho de 2006 com armadilhas do tipo covo, próximos da vegetação aquática marginal; RESULTADOS: Dentre os 38 exemplares amostrados (a maior parte durante o período chuvoso), 16 eram machos (32-47 mm), 18 fêmeas (32-49 mm) e quatro indivíduos com sexo indeterminado (33-45 mm). Os machos foram significativamente menores do que as fêmeas (_x machos = 42 ± 4,3 mm; _x fêmeas = 45 ± 4,8 mm; p < 0,05) e a proporção sexual encontrada foi 1:1. Oito itens alimentares foram identificados na dieta de S. heterodon, sendo os itens de origem autóctone predominantes. A dieta desta espécie foi classificada como onívora. Insetos (fragmentos) foi o item mais consumido, seguido por microcrustáceos (Cladocera e Ostracoda), algas (principalmente diatomáceas) e formas imaturas de insetos (Diptera e Odonata). em comparação com outros queirodontíneos, S. heterodon tem fecundidade maior (média = 1.231 ± 440 ovócitos) e ovócitos menores (61 a 793 µm). Além disso, a desova foi classificada como total e ocorre durante o período chuvoso, que corresponde à estação reprodutiva para a maioria das espécies de peixes da bacia do alto rio Paraná; CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados parecem refletir o tipo de ambiente em que S. heterodon vive, pois o ambiente lêntico propiciado pelo reservatório, oferece condições relativamente estáveis para a manutenção desta espécie, que utiliza a vegetação aquática como abrigo contra predadores e como sítio de alimentação e reprodução. AIM: In this report, we describe the population structure, feeding and reproductive aspects of the cheirodontine Serrapinnus heterodon collected in a reservoir of a small hydro power of Mogi Guaçu River (SP); METHODS: Specimens were caught bimonthly between August 2005 and July 2006 near the marginal aquatic vegetation with four traps; RESULTS: A total of 38 specimens of S. heterodon were collected (mainly during the rainy season), comprising 16 males (32-47 mm SL), 18 females (32-49 mm SL) and four individuals with indeterminate sex (33-45 mm SL). There were significant differences in length distribution between sexes, with males being smaller than females (_x males = 42 ± 4.3 mm and _x females = 45 ± 4.8 mm). Sex ratio was 1:1. Eight food items were identified in the diet, with a predominance of autochthonous items. The diet classified as omnivorous. Insects (fragments) were the most consumed item, followed by microcrustaceans (Cladocera and Ostracoda), algae (mainly diatoms) and immature insects (Diptera and Odonata). Comparing with other cheirodontines, S. heterodon has higher fecundity (mean = 1,231 ± 440 oocytes) and smaller oocytes (61 to 793 µm). Moreover, the spawning was classified as total and occurred during the rainy season which is the breeding season for the majority of fish species from the upper Paraná River basin; CONCLUSIONS: The results seem to reflect the type of environment in which S. heterodon inhabit, because the lentic environment afforded by the dam provides relatively stable conditions to maintaining this species, which uses aquatic vegetation as shelter from predators and as feeding and breeding sites. Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Programa de Pós-graduação em Zoologia, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho - UNESP, Av. 24-A, 1515, CEP 13506-900, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:42:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S1676-06032008000200012.pdf: 324046 bytes, checksum: 89e414fb38cc21a3ce6aa039ac468040 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:42:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S1676-06032008000200012.pdf: 324046 bytes, checksum: 89e414fb38cc21a3ce6aa039ac468040 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:30:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1676-06032008000200012.pdf: 324046 bytes, checksum: 89e414fb38cc21a3ce6aa039ac468040 (MD5) S1676-06032008000200012.pdf.txt: 67681 bytes, checksum: 5169129fdef92023dd0bee620521fabf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:59:28Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S1676-06032008000200012.pdf: 324046 bytes, checksum: 89e414fb38cc21a3ce6aa039ac468040 (MD5) S1676-06032008000200012.pdf.txt: 67681 bytes, checksum: 5169129fdef92023dd0bee620521fabf (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:59:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S1676-06032008000200012.pdf: 324046 bytes, checksum: 89e414fb38cc21a3ce6aa039ac468040 (MD5) S1676-06032008000200012.pdf.txt: 67681 bytes, checksum: 5169129fdef92023dd0bee620521fabf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) A bacia do alto Paraná apresenta os rios de maior porte do Estado de São Paulo e uma ictiofauna bastante diversa, com 236 espécies. Este estudo visou caracterizar a composição ictiofaunística do reservatório da UHE Mogi Guaçu e de um conjunto de lagoas marginais naturais a jusante da represa, de acordo com a variação temporal da abundância das espécies. Durante agosto de 2005 a julho de 2006, foram coletados 2.341 exemplares pertencentes a 41 espécies. Na represa foram registradas 31 espécies e nas lagoas marginais 24, revelando uma dominância de espécies de Curimatidae (Cyphocharax modestus e Steindachnerina insculpta) e Characidae (Hyphessobrycon eques e H. bifasciatus) e um número expressivo de espécies raras. As curvas cumulativas de abundância e biomassa indicaram que na represa as espécies foram dominantes em número e nas lagoas em biomassa, refletindo um ambiente sob ações antrópicas e outro menos perturbado, respectivamente. A represa e as lagoas marginais apresentaram valores próximos de diversidade e eqüitabilidade de Shannon. No geral, os maiores valores foram obtidos durante o período chuvoso e os menores durante o período seco, porém esta variação não foi suficiente para a ANOVA detectar diferenças significativas entre os ambientes, nem entre os períodos. A interpretação destes resultados deve ser feita com cautela, pois apesar dos índices de diversidade e eqüitabilidade de Shannon não terem evidenciado as diferenças na composição da ictiofauna, a análise de similaridade pelo índice de Morisita-Horn apontou que a ictiofauna da represa e das lagoas marginais apresentam baixa similaridade entre si. Além disso, a ictiofauna nos ambientes estudados foi composta por peixes típicos da bacia do alto Paraná indicando uma condição que, embora alterada pela construção da UHE, apresenta espécies essencialmente nativas desta região. Sugere-se que o controle da vazão do rio pela UHE Mogi Guaçu e a extração de areia do leito estejam influenciando os pulsos de inundação e conseqüentemente a ictiofauna das lagoas marginais. The high Paraná river basin includes the largest rivers from São Paulo State and a great ichthyofauna diversity with 236 species. The aim of this study was to describe the fish fauna composition from Mogi Guaçu hydroelectric dam and oxbow lakes downstream reservoir, according to species abundance temporal variations. A total of 2.341 individuals (85,8 kg biomass) belonging to 41 species were collected during August 2005 to July 2006. From this, 31 species were found in the reservoir and 24 in the oxbow lakes showing the Curimatidae (Cyphocharax modestus and Steindachnerina insculpta) and Characidae (Hyphessobrycon eques and H. bifasciatus) dominance and many rare species. The abundance and biomass cumulative curves showed the numerical dominance in reservoir and biomass in oxbow lakes, reflecting an environment more and less disturbed, respectively. Similar values of Shannon's diversity and evenness were found to reservoir and oxbow lakes. In general, the highest values were obtained to the wet season and the smaller to the dry, but this variation were not sufficient to detect significant differences between areas, neither seasons. The species identities are not considered in these indexes computation, being insensitive to ichthyofauna composition differences between the reservoir and the oxbow lakes. The interpretation of these results should be taken carefully because despite the Shannon's indexes showed no differences in fish fauna composition between areas, the similarity analyses using the Morisita-Horn index showed low similarity among them. Moreover, the ichthyofauna found in the studied area was composed by typical species from high Paraná river basin which indicates a good condition with native species only, despite the impacts commonly caused by hydroelectric dams. We suggest that the dam regulation and the sand extraction from the river bed are affecting the flood pulses and consequently the oxbow lake's ichthyofauna. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Zoologia

The Marambaia is an important natural refuge for preserving the genetic heritage of several rain forest plant species. In this insular region, where the vegetation types are Lower Montane Rain Forest and restingas (sandy coastal plain habitat), the impressive diversity of Melastomataceae consists of seven genera and 25 species of which 13 represent new records for the area. Miconia is best represented with 10 species, followed by Tibouchina (6 spp.), Leandra (4 spp.), Clidemia (2 spp.) and Huberia , Marcetia and Ossaea (1 sp. each). Most of the species are shrubs or trees and occur in Dense Submontane Ombrophilous Forest. Huberia ovalifolia DC., Leandra acutiflora (Naudin) Cogn . and Leandra melastomoides Raddi are cited in the list of endangered species for the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. An identification key is provided as well as descriptions, illustrations, comments on morphological peculiarities of species, and geographical and phenological data.