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Here, the efficiency of applying subdoses of equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and prostaglandin F2 alfa (PGF2alfa) at the Bai Hui (BH) acupoint for estrus synchronization in sheep was evaluated. Thirty Santa Inês ewes received intravaginal sponges containing 60 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate for 7 days. The animals were divided into five treatments (T) (n=6): T1 (control), 132.5 ug PGF2 alfa (100% of dose) and 300 IU eCG (100% of dose), both intramuscularly (IM); T2, 39.75 ug PGF2 alfa (30% of dose) at the BH acupoint and 300 IU eCG (100% of dose) IM; T3, 132.5 ug PGF2 alfa (100% of dose) IM and 90 IU eCG (30% of dose) at the BH acupoint; T4, 39.75 ug PGF2 alfa (30% of dose) and 90 IU eCG (30% of dose), both at the BH acupoint; and T5, 39.75 ug PGF2 alfa (30% of dose) and 90 IU eCG (30% of dose) both at a false acupoint (IM, at the same location as in T1). After 12 h of sponge removal and hormone application, the ewes were subjected to monitoring for estrus and mating and ultrasound assessments of follicular growth and ovulation time every 12 h. The data were evaluated for normality and subjected to analysis of variance, considering a 5% probability. There were no differences in the percentage of animals in estrus (93.3±9.1%), interval from sponge removal to estrus onset (48.1±6.0 h), interval from sponge removal to estrus end (69.6±5.4 h), duration of estrus (24.0±4.7 h), interval from sponge removal to ovulation (73.7±5.9 h), interval from estrus onset to ovulation (26.5±2.3 h), size of the largest follicle (6.7±0.4 mm), follicular growth rate (0.8±0.1 mm•day-1), number of ovulations (1.3±0.1), and plasma progesterone levels 7 days after ovulation (9.6±2.0 ng•mL-1). The cost of the synchronization protocol per animal was US$ 4.37, 4.12, 2.96, 2.71, and 2.71 for T1, T2, T3, T4, and T5, respectively, with 37.99% cost reduction using PGF2 alfa and eCG at 30% of the conventional doses. Therefore, the application of reduced PGF2 alfa (39.75 ug) and eCG (90 IU) doses at the BH or false acupoint effectively synchronized estrus and reduced protocol cost in sheep, indicating that the conventional doses are overestimated. Aqui, foi avaliada a eficiência da aplicação de subdoses de gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG) e prostaglandina F2alfa (PGF2alfa) no ponto de acupuntura Bai Hui (BH) para sincronização de estro em ovelhas. Trinta ovelhas Santa Inês receberam esponjas intravaginais contendo 60 mg de acetato de medroxiprogesterona por 7 dias. Os animais foram divididos em cinco tratamentos (T) (n=6): T1 (controle), 132,5 ug PGF2 alfa (100% da dose) e 300 UI de eCG (100% da dose), ambos por via intramuscular (IM); T2, 39,75 µg de PGF2 alfa (30% da dose) no ponto de acupuntura BH e 300 UI eCG (100% da dose) IM; T3, 132,5 ug PGF2 alfa (100% da dose) IM e 90 UI eCG (30% da dose) no ponto de acupuntura BH; T4, 39,75 ug PGF2 alfa (30% da dose) e 90 UI eCG (30% da dose), ambos no ponto de acupuntura BH; e T5, 39,75 ug PGF2 alfa (30% da dose) e 90 UI eCG (30% da dose) ambos em em um falso acuponto IM, no mesmo local que em T1). Após 12 horas da retirada da esponja e aplicação do hormônio, as ovelhas foram submetidas ao monitoramento do estro e acasalamento, e avaliação ultrassonográfica do crescimento folicular e tempo de ovulação a cada 12 horas. Os dados foram avaliados quanto à normalidade e submetidos à análise de variância, considerando 5% de probabilidade. Não houve diferenças na porcentagem de animais em estro (93,3 ± 9,1%), intervalo da remoção da esponja ao início do estro (48,1 ± 6,0 h), intervalo da remoção da esponja ao final do estro (69,6 ± 5,4 h), duração do estro (24,0 ± 4,7 h), intervalo da remoção da esponja à ovulação (73,7 ± 5,9 h), intervalo do início do estro à ovulação (26,5 ± 2,3 h), tamanho do maior folículo (6,7 ± 0,4 mm), taxa de crescimento folicular (0,8 ± 0,1 mm•dia-1), número de ovulações (1,3 ± 0,1) e níveis de progesterona plasmática 7 dias após a ovulação (9,6 ± 2,0 ng mL-1). O custo do protocolo de sincronização por animal foi de US $ 4,37, 4,12, 2,96, 2,71 e 2,71 para T1, T2, T3, T4 e T5, respectivamente, com redução de custo de 37,99% usando PGF2 alfa e eCG a 30% das doses convencionais. Portanto, a aplicação de PGF2alfa (39,75 ug) e eCG reduzida Doses (90 UI) no BH ou falso ponto de acupuntura sincronizaram efetivamente o estro e reduziram o custo do protocolo em ovelhas, indicando que as doses convencionais estão superestimadas.

The present article presents cases of conidiobolomycosis in adult goats with clinical signs characterized by serous nasal discharge, dyspnea, apathy, and weight loss. Two goats were necropsied. Necropsy displayed increased volume on the sagittal section of the head and an ulcerated surface containing a yellow friable mass with irregular and granular consistency in the nasal septum and in the ventral nasal turbinate. One goat also presented lesions on the ear’s skin and the right pelvic limb. Microscopically, lesions were characterized by multifocal granulomas with a central necrotic area containing non-stained fungal hyphae images surrounded by a granulomatous infiltrate. Samples of the lesions examined by immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction were positive for Conidiobolus lamprauges. This is the first report of conidiobolomycosis in goats, and the disease should be considered in the differential diagnoses for rhinitis and dermatitis in goats. RESUMO: O presente artigo apresenta casos de conidiobolomicose em cabras adultas com sinais clínicos caracterizados por secreção nasal serosa, dispneia, apatia e perda de peso. Dois caprinos foram necropsiados. Na necropsia, em corte sagital da cabeça, foi observado aumento de volume e superfície ulcerada contendo massa amarela e friável com consistência irregular e granular no septo nasal e conchas nasais ventrais. Uma cabra apresentou também lesões na pele da orelha e no membro pélvico direito. Microscopicamente, as lesões foram caracterizadas por granulomas multifocais com área central de necrose, contendo imagens de hifas fúngicas não coradas, circundadas por infiltrado inflamatório granulomatoso. Amostras das lesões submetidas à imuno-histoquímica e reação em cadeia da polimerase foram positivas para Conidiobolus lamprauges. Este é o primeiro registro de conidiobolomicose em caprinos e deve ser considerado no diagnóstico diferencial de rinite e dermatite em caprinos.

SUMMARY The objective of this study was to verify the accuracy of sexing and fetal number estimation in small ruminants by ultrasonographic examination. Fifty fetuses from 36 sheep and 23 fetuses from 11 goats were evaluated. In the case of sheep, twenty-four, ten, and two pregnancy were single, double, and triple, respectively. Regarding the goats, three, five, two, and one simple pregnancy were single, double, triple, and quadruple, respectively. The evaluations were performed on days 55 and 65 of gestation, by means of transrectal ultrasonographic examination, using a dual-frequency linear transducer, (6.0 and 8.0 MHz). Fetal sex was diagnosed by the location of the genital tubercle or visualization of external genitalia. The accuracy of fetal sexing was evaluated using the Chi-square test (X2) considering a 5% significance level. The gestational period interfered in the accuracy of fetal sexing in both species (P 0.05). Thus, B-mode ultrasonography is an efficient method to perform an early diagnosis of fetal sex and to determine the number of fetuses in the studied small ruminants on day 65 of gestation. In addition, the accuracy of fetal sexing is not influenced by the type of pregnancy or fetal sex.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-08-26T19:19:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-03-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-08-31T13:04:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1809-68912015000100125.pdf: 325800 bytes, checksum: df99c67e7a96f096a76ada1ad30fe97a (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a eficiência de gradientes de densidade contínuos de Percoll e OptiPrep para a separação de espermatozoides portadores do cromossomo X, e avaliar a influência sobre a viabilidade espermática, taxa de prenhez e proporção do sexo. Para isso, 100 milhões de espermatozoides foram depositados em cada tubo contendo o gradiente de densidade, previamente preparados, em tubos de poliestireno, 24 horas antes da centrifugação e mantidos a 4 °C. Centrifugou-se a 500 x g por 15 minutos a 22 °C e, posteriormente, os sobrenadantes foram aspirados e os espermatozoides recuperados no fundo dos tubos. Uma amostra foi avaliada antes a após a centrifugação para verificação da motilidade e vigor espermático. Os espermatozoides foram utilizados para a inseminação artificial em tempo fixo. Os resultados indicaram que a centrifugação não afetou a viabilidade espermática e a taxa de prenhez, entretanto não houve desvio da proporção do sexo para fêmeas. Mais estudos são necessários para determinar a necessidade de adaptação da técnica de centrifugação para a espécie ovina e assim obter o desvio da proporção do sexo como na espécie bovina. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of continuous density gradients of Percoll and OptiPrep for separation of X-bearing sperm, and assess the influence on sperm viability, pregnancy rate and sex ratio. With this purpose 100 million spermatozoa were deposited into each tube containing density gradient, which were previously prepared in polystyrene tubes, 24 hours before centrifugation and stored at 4 °C. The tubes were centrifuged at 500xg for 15 minutes at 22 °C, and then the supernatants aspirated and sperm recovered from the bottom of the tubes. A sample was evaluated before and after centrifugation to verify motility and sperm vigor. The sperm were used for fixed time artificial insemination. The results indicated that centrifugation did not affect sperm viability and pregnancy rate, however there was no deviation of sex ratio for females. More studies are needed of adapting the centrifugation technique to sheep and thus obtain the deviation of sex ration as in bovine. Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias de Jaboticabal CAPES: 23038.007863/2008-47

Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-27T14:54:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000273944400011.pdf: 132531 bytes, checksum: cd14306e16469b6e250785dac11ebb52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:29:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000273944400011.pdf: 132531 bytes, checksum: cd14306e16469b6e250785dac11ebb52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:42:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000273944400011.pdf: 132531 bytes, checksum: cd14306e16469b6e250785dac11ebb52 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:42:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000273944400011.pdf: 132531 bytes, checksum: cd14306e16469b6e250785dac11ebb52 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 The ovarian remnant syndrome (ORS) is defined as the persistence of ovarian activity in surgically spayed females, in which part or the entire ovary remains after the surgical procedure. ORS is characterized as a neo-vascular formation that promotes the organ's functions again, and may occur in cats and dogs. This condition causes the return of all undesirable signs of estrus, like male attraction, vaginal secretion (proestral bleeding), anxiety, pseudocyesis, among other symptoms. The recommended treatment is the surgical removal of the remaining ovary tissue. However, this procedure should be performed at the estrogenic stage of the cycle, when the remaining ovary tissue is enlarged due to the presence of follicles, which facilitates its location. Apparently there are no papers on the consequences of an undesirable breeding. Thus, the objective of this article was to report a case of peritonitis in a bitch with ORS after natural breeding, referred to the Hospital Veterinario da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia da UNESP, campus Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. Univ Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Dept Reprod Anim & Radiol Vet, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Dept Clin Vet, FMVZ, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Dept Reprod Anim & Radiol Vet, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Univ Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho, UNESP, Dept Clin Vet, FMVZ, BR-18618000 Botucatu, SP, Brazil

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:23:48Z No. of bitstreams: 0Bitstream added on 2014-05-27T14:40:55Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 2-s2.0-78149372698.pdf: 504168 bytes, checksum: 89fa109b73bc35f914c2377b2c393644 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:23:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-12-01 The aim of this paper was verifying the effect of the Equex STM Paste and EDTA addition to a Tris-egg yolk extender, on the postthaw goat sperm viability. Nine semen samples of two adult goats were collected by artificial vagina and cryopreserved. It was also objective of this study, to evaluate the utilization of a soybean lecithin based commercial extender (Bioexcell® - IMV, L'Aigle, French) for the goat semen freezing. They were formed five experimental groups: TRIS; TRIS+EDTA; TRIS+EQUEX; TRIS+EDTA+EQUEX e Bioexcell. After evaluation, the semen was diluted in the five extenders and packed in 0.25mL straws with 100 million of motile spermatozoa. The samples were cooled at 0,46°C/min to 5°C, submitted at 75min of equilibration time and frozen in liquid nitrogen vapour. The thawing was accomplished in 37°C water bath for 50s. There were no differences (P>0,05) on the means of post-thaw total and progressive sperm motility among the groups TRIS, TRIS+EQUEX and TRIS+EQUEX+EDTA. The Bioexcell group obtained the least (P

In order to enhance the use of biotechnology in females it is necessary to have good knowledge of the ovarian events, and thus enable the manipulation of the estrus cycle to concentrate ovulations in an established period of time. In this experiment, we evaluated the ovary response and corpus luteum (CL) parameters in a short-duration protocol associated or not to lecirelin (L)(GnRH) and/or estradiol benzoate (EB). Twenty-four cyclic Santa InÊs ewes were divided into 4 groups: Control animals (G1; n = 6) received 45 μg of d-cloprostenol (Prolise®, Tecnopec, Sao Paulo, Brazil) on Day 0. Intravaginal sponges containing medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP60®, Tecnopec) were inserted on Day 3. Then on Day 7 sponges were removed and 400 IU of eCG and 45 μg of d-cloprostenol were administered. G2 (n = 6) animals underwent the same protocol as G1 but with administration of 1 mg of EB on Day 1; G3 (n = 6) animals underwent the same protocol as G1 but with administration of 25 μg of L (Gestran plus®, Tecnopec) 30 h after sponge withdrawal; G4 (n = 6) animals underwent the same protocol as G1 but with administration of 1 mg of EB on Day 1 and 25 μg of L 30 h after sponge withdrawal. Ewe ovaries were assessed via transrectal ultrasound (US), and CL were measured 4 days after ovulation. On the same day blood samples were taken to measure plasma progesterone levels via radioimmunoassay. Twenty-three out of 24 animals ovulated. One ewe from G4 that did not ovulate was taken out of the experiment. The average size of the largest pre-ovulatory follicle was 7.3 mm (G1), 7.0 mm (G2), 6.8 mm (G3), and 7.4 mm (G4) (P > 0.05). There were 1.8, 1.2, 2.0, and 1.4 ovulated follicles per animal in G1, G2, G3, and G4, respectively. The results for estrus start and duration after sponge withdrawal were G1: 32/38.6; G2: 37/69.3; G3: 29.3/37.3; G4: 44/68 h, respectively. Ovulation time span was G1: 65.3; G2: 88; G3: 53.3; G4: 82.4 h after sponge withdrawal. There was a high correlation of ovary mensuration and progesterone level (r = 0.64; P < 0.0001) on the fourth day after ovulation. Progesterone levels after ovulation were 2.37 ng mL-1 (G1); 1.5 ng mL-1 (G2); 3.22 ng mL-1 (G3) and 1.99 ng mL-1 (G4), being higher in G3 than in G2 (P < 0.05). It was seen that the EB is prejudicial to the CL function. Despite the fact that there was no significant difference of progesterone levels within G1, G3, and G4, animals in G3 displayed higher levels of progesterone; hence, there is a need for further studies using a larger number of animals and fertility test. CNPq e Tecnopec.

Eleven semen samples from Santa Ines breed rams were cryopreserved with the objective of studying the effect of the dimethyl acetamide (DMA, 3%) or glycerol (GL, 6%) in an extender (Tris) with or without trehalose (TRE, 100 mOsmol) on post-thaw sperm viability and fertility. After the evaluation, the semen was diluted in extenders (TRIS+GL6%; TRIS+GL6%+TRE; TRIS+DMA3%; Tris+DMA3%+TRE) and then frozen. The post-thaw kinetic sperm parameters evaluated were the percentage of total motility (TM) and rapid spermatozoa (RAP), track speed (VCL), lateral amplitude of head (ALH), and linearity (LIN). The sperm viability was verified using the fluorescence markers propidium iodide (PMI, plasmatic membrane integrity), JC-1 (MMP, mitochondrial membrane potential), and FITC-PSA (ACI, acrosomal integrity). The spectrum of DNA sperm damage was assessed by single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay), and the measurements performed were tail moment (TMOM) and tail intensity (TINT; Comet Assay II software, Perceptive Instruments, Haverhill, UK). The sheep estrus synchronization protocol (n = 170) was 12 days of sponge with 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate and 300 UI of eCG i.m. at sponge withdrawal. The ewes were inseminated on 57.5 h after sponge removal with 150 × 106 of live spermatozoa. The conception rates (CR) were verified for ultrasonography 45 days after insemination. The statistical analysis was performed using SAS software (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). The means (±SEM) of in vitro post-thaw sperm parameters and fertility rates are shown in Table 1. The greatest (P < 0.05) rates of TM and RAP for the GLY groups were observed in relation to the DMA ones. It was also verified the inferiority (P < 0.05) in the VCL and ALH for the trehalose extenders in both groups with GLY and DMA. The values (%) of TINT and TMOM were 14.9 and 03.9, 15.8 and 03.8, 14.7 and 02.9, and 16.6 and 04.4, respectively, for TRIS+GL6%, TRIS+GL6%+TRE, TRIS+DMA3%, and TRIS+DMA3%+TRE (P > 0.05). The integrity rates of all sperm membranes were superior for TRIS+GL6% in relation to TRIS+DMA3%. In conclusion, the DMA had apoor cryoprotective effect for ram semen. The addition of trehalose promoted negative effect on sperm kinetics, although it improved levels of PMM post-thawing in the DMA extender. The conception rate did not present a difference (P > 0.05) among the groups. Table 1.