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Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:55:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-09-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) For the production and commercialization of ornamental fish species, it is indispensable to collect biometric data that facilitate the selection of animals for trade and genetic improvement of the stock. However, during the handling process, fish receive more stress if proper anesthetics are not used. Thus, application of appropriate anesthetics is an important tool for minimizing stress in animals. The objective of this study was to determine the effective concentrations of benzocaine, eugenol, and menthol for achieving anesthesia in Freshwater Angelfish Pterophyllum scalare and to develop induction and recovery response curves for different concentrations of these anesthetics. In total, 75 fish were exposed to five concentrations of the three anesthetics in a completely randomized design: benzocaine at 60, 85, 110, 135, and 160mg/L; eugenol at 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200mg/L; and menthol at 50, 75, 150, 200, and 250mg/L. Each concentration (5fish/concentration) consisted of five replicates, with each replicate represented by a single fish. The results indicated that the tested substances met the criteria of anesthetic efficiency. The effective concentrations of benzocaine, eugenol, and menthol for the anesthesia of Freshwater Angelfish were identified as 89.25, 90.6, and 92.1mg/L, respectively. Sao Paulo State Univ, Aquaculture Ctr, Via Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Brazil Univ, Campus Fernandopolis,Estr Projetada F-1 S-N, BR-15600000 Fernandopolis, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Aquaculture Ctr, Via Acesso Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2016/11940-2 FAPESP: 2013/25761-4

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-28T21:36:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017-09-01 UNESP UNIFESP Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Rhamnetin (Rhm), 3-O-methylquercetin (3MQ), and Rhamnazin (Rhz) are methylated derivatives of quercetin commonly found in fruits and vegetables that possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) displays several important roles during acute inflammation; therefore, this study aimed at investigating new compounds able to inhibit this enzyme, besides evaluating creatine kinase (CK) levels and citotoxicity. Methylated quercetins were compared with quercetin (Q) and were incubated with secretory PLA2 (sPLA2) from Bothrops jararacussu to determine their inhibitory activity. Cytotoxic studies were performed by using the J774 cell lineage incubated with quercertins. In vivo tests were performed with Swiss female mice to evaluate decreasing paw edema potential and compounds' CK levels. Structural modifications on sPLA2 were made with circular dichroism (CD). Despite Q and Rhz showing greater enzymatic inhibitory potential, high CK was observed. Rhm exhibited sPLA2 inhibitory potential, no toxicity and, remarkably, it decreased CK levels. The presence of 3OH on the C-ring of Rhm may contribute to both its anti-inflammatory and enzymatic inhibition of sPLA2, and the methylation of ring A may provide the increase in cell viability and low CK level induced by sPLA2. These results showed that Rhm can be a candidate as a natural compound for the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Postgrad Program Food Nutr & Hlth, BR-11015020 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Biosci Inst, BR-11330900 Sao Paulo, Brazil Brazil Univ, Prorector Res, BR-08230030 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Sao Paulo, Pathol Lab Infect Dis LIM50, Dept Pathol, Sch Med, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Biosci Inst, BR-11330900 Sao Paulo, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:16:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-10-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:01:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1516-635X2016000600041.pdf: 244221 bytes, checksum: 7af79ecb06a75851f7e834f2a94cff5b (MD5) Adequate environmental temperature control is essential for incubation efficiency. Layer breeder eggs (n=360) were weighed and distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with two treatments, consisting of two incubation temperatures (T1=37.5 degrees C, control; and T2=39.0 degrees C, hot), with two incubators per temperature, and 90 eggs per incubator, totaling 360 eggs. Hatchability, embryo mortality, and chick cloacal and body surface temperatures were not affected by incubation temperature. Eggs incubated at the hot temperature presented greater egg mass loss and higher eggshell conductance than those incubated at the control temperature. Layer chicks derived from eggs incubated at control temperature showed greater absolute weight, yolk-free egg mass, and heavier hearts than those from eggs submitted to heat stress during incubation. The control group presented lower base excess and ionized calcium blood levels. Incubating eggs at temperatures higher than those recommended compromises body and heart development of layer chicks and negatively affects blood ionized calcium availability, and therefore, bone mineralization during embryo development. Efficient temperature control during the incubation of fertile eggs is essential to obtain good quality layer chicks. Brazil Univ, BR-13690970 Descalvado, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, Anim Sci, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Fed Univ Grande Dourados, Postdoctoral Program Agribusiness, Coll Agr Sci, BR-79804970 Dourados, MS, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Fed Univ Grande Dourados, Coll Agr Sci, BR-79804970 Dourados, MS, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, Anim Sci, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Morphol & Anim Physiol, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

WOS: 000245405700009, Fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and the coefficient of within-environment variation (CV(e)) are often used as measures of developmental instability and indicators of developmental deviations. Aphis fabae genotypes generally manifest higher developmental instability on novel host plants, but there is genotypic variability in this respect. Some genotypes have manifested lower developmental instability on nasturtium, where their fitness is higher. At the population level, aphids reared on nasturtium have shown higher developmental instability and lower fitness. When large samples are analyzed and the nonsignificant pattern of correlations is taken into account. the results of the study do not support the hypothesis that developmental instability is always a reliable indicator of fitness.

WOS: 000234482500005, 1. The study of phenotypic plasticity in host utilisation is crucial for predicting evolutionary patterns of insect-plant interactions. The presence of sufficient variation in plasticity may facilitate host race formation and sympatric speciation. 2. Aphis fabae genotypes showed high levels of phenotypic plasticity in the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r(m)), relative growth rate (RGR), birth weight (BW), adult weight (AW), fecundity (F), and development time (1/d). 3. Thirteen A. fabae genotypes reared both on broad bean and nasturtium exhibited statistically significant genotypic variability in phenotypic plasticity. 4. Some genotypes displayed fitness improvement on novel host plants. 5. Differences in genotypic correlation among fitness components between the two hosts and increased variance on nasturtium indicated different genomic expression on nasturtium. 6. The results indicated that phenotypic plasticity in a novel environment may be a major determinant of the evolutionary trajectory of a parasitic species and might support the idea that speciation starts with phenotypic plasticity.