1. A Mediterranean Diet Mix Has Chemopreventive Effects in a Murine Model of Colorectal Cancer Modulating Apoptosis and the Gut Microbiota
- Author
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Giulia Piazzi, Anna Prossomariti, Maurizio Baldassarre, Claudio Montagna, Paola Vitaglione, Vincenzo Fogliano, Elena Biagi, Marco Candela, Patrizia Brigidi, Tiziana Balbi, Alessandra Munarini, Andrea Belluzzi, Milena Pariali, Franco Bazzoli, Luigi Ricciardiello, Piazzi, Giulia, Prossomariti, Anna, Baldassarre, Maurizio, Montagna, Claudio, Vitaglione, Paola, Fogliano, Vincenzo, Biagi, Elena, Candela, Marco, Brigidi, Patrizia, Balbi, Tiziana, Munarini, Alessandra, Belluzzi, Andrea, Pariali, Milena, Bazzoli, Franco, Ricciardiello, Luigi, Piazzi, G., Prossomariti, A., Baldassarre, M., Montagna, C., Vitaglione, P., Fogliano, V., Biagi, E., Candela, M., Brigidi, P., Balbi, T., Munarini, A., Belluzzi, A., Pariali, M., Bazzoli, F., and Ricciardiello, L.
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Mediterranean diet ,Colorectal cancer ,Physiology ,colorectal cancer ,Gut flora ,Chemoprevention ,lcsh:RC254-282 ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,microbiota ,chemoprevention ,colorectal cancer, chemoprevention, microbiota, Mediterranean diet, omega-3 ,VLAG ,Original Research ,Omega-3 ,TUNEL assay ,biology ,Azoxymethane ,business.industry ,Microbiota ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,030104 developmental biology ,Food Quality and Design ,chemistry ,Oncology ,Apoptosis ,Dysplasia ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Immunohistochemistry ,omega-3 ,business - Abstract
Objectives: Unhealthy dietary patterns have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) onset while Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been proposed for CRC prevention. This study evaluated the effect of a Mediterranean Diet Mix (MD-MIX) on colonic tumors development in A/J mice fed a low-fat (LFD) or a high-fat western diet (HFWD), and injected with the procarcinogen azoxymethane (AOM). Materials and Methods: Forty A/J male mice were randomly assigned into four feeding arms (10 mice/arm; LFD, LFD-MD-MIX, HFWD, HFWD-MD-MIX) to be treated with AOM. Ten mice were exposed to the diets alone (Healthy LFD and Healthy HFWD) to be used as control. Tumor incidence and multiplicity were evaluated at sacrifice. Mucosal fatty acid content and urinary phenolic compounds were assayed by mass spectrometry. Apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assay and gene expression markers. Cell proliferation was evaluated by Ki67 immunohistochemistry. Microbiota composition was assessed at different time points by 16S RNA sequencing. Results: A tumor incidence of 100% was obtained in AOM-treated mice. The MD-MIX supplementation was able to reduce the number of colonic lesions in both LFD and HFWD-fed mice and to induce apoptosis, in particular in the LFD-MD-MIX arm. Moreover, a preventive effect on low-grade dysplasia and macroscopical lesions (> 1 mm) development was found in HFWD-fed mice together with a regulation of the AOM-driven intestinal dysbiosis. Conclusions: MD-MIX was able to counteract CRC development in mice under different dietary backgrounds through the regulation of apoptosis and gut microbiota.
- Published
- 2019