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The aim of the study was to evaluate the performance of two newly developed plate-type biofilters in treating air contaminated with ammonia vapour at different inlet air temperatures (24, 28, and 32 °C). The biofilters had two different structures, straight lamellar plates (SLP) and wavy lamellar plates (WLP), with both having a built-in capillary system for humidifying the packing material made of synthetic hydrophilic fibres and wood fibre. In the packing material of the biofilters, different types of microorganisms were used, including bacteria, micromycetes and yeast. The efficiency of ammonia removal from the air using the biofilters with the two different plate types was investigated. The treatment efficiency of air-containing ammonia vapour reached 81.0–85.2% and 84.2–87.0% in biofilters with SLP and WLP, respectively. The highest ammonia treatment efficiency was obtained in the biofilter with WLP at 28 °C with 87.0% of ammonia being removed. The latter removal efficiency was obtained when a large population of the microorganisms was present with 1.0 ± 0.2 × 107, 1.0 ± 0.5 × 107 and 1.6 ± 0.1 × 109 CFU/g of micromycetes, yeast and bacteria, respectively. The results also demonstrated that at different temperatures of polluted air, different microorganisms predominated in the packing material of the biofilters.

Recent studies in the area of biological air treatment in filters have addressed fundamental key issues, such as a biofilter bed of different origin composed of natural zeolite granules, foam cubes and wood chips. When foam and zeolite are mixed with wood chips to remove volatile organic compounds from the air, not only biological but also adsorption air purification methods are accomplished. The use of complex purification technologies helps to improve the efficiency of a filter as well as the bed service life of the filter bed. Investigations revealed that microorganisms prevailing in biological purification, can also reproduce themselves in biofilter beds of inorganic and synthetic origin composed of natural zeolite and foam. By cultivating associations of spontaneous microorganisms in the filter bed the dependencies of the purification efficiency of filter on the origin, concentration and filtration time of injected pollutants were determined. The highest purification efficiency was obtained when air polluted with acetone vapour was supplied to the equipment at 0.1 m/s of superficial gas velocity. When cleaning air from volatile organic compounds (acetone, toluene and butanol), under the initial pollutant concentration of ~100 mg/m3, the filter efficiency reached 95 %.

Air cleaning efficiency tests on placing material load into the lavsan biofilter were carried out. Testing included butanol vapour-contaminated air stream pulled during the boot. The studies were conducted by the Department of Environmental Protection at VGTU that developed a biofilter – an experimental biological air cleaning device. Measurements were done using 60 l/min and 90 l/min air volume aspirators under the initial pollutant concentration making 180, 305, 350, 440 and 545 mg/m3. Before measuring the concentrations of butanol lavsan cartridge, loading was periodically irrigated with nutrient-rich solution. In order to evaluate the influence of microorganisms on genus Pseudomonas, cleaning efficiency tests were repeated – Boot was moistened with water only, which allowed measuring butanol vapour concentrations after the cartridge. At the concentration of 180±9 mg/m3, efficiency reached 41% at a speed of 0,07 m/s and 46 % at a speed of 0,10 m/s. Measuring the performance of the initial concentration of 545±67 mg/m3, efficiency was 54% at 0,07 m/s and 53 % at 0,10 m/s respectively. Santrauka Atlikti oro valymo efektyvumo tyrimai į lašelinį biofiltrą įkrovus lavsano medžiagos įkrovą. Bandymų metu pro įkrovą buvo traukiamas butanolio garais užterštas oro srautas. Tyrimai atliekami naudojant VGTU Aplinkos apsaugos katedroje sukurtą eksperimentinį biologinį oro valymo įrenginį – biofiltrą. Matavimai atlikti leidžiant 60 l/min. ir 90 l/min. oro kiekį aspiratoriumi. Pradinės teršalo koncentracijos – 180, 305, 350, 440, 545 mg/m3. Prieš matuojant butanolio koncentracijas panaudojant lavsano medžiagos kasetę, įkrova buvo periodiškai drėkinama maistinių medžiagų prisotintu tirpalu. Pseudomonas genties mikroorganizmų įtakai valymo efektyvumui įvertinti tyrimai buvo pakartoti – įkrovos sudrėkinamos tik vandeniu, leidžiami butanolio garai, ir matuojamos koncentracijos panaudojus lavsano medžiagos kasetę. Esant 180±89 mg/m3 koncentracijai biofiltro oro valymo efektyvumas siekė 41 %, kai per įkrovą leidžiamo dujų srauto greitis buvo 0,07 m/s, ir 46 %, kai greitis 0,10 m/s. Nustatyta valymo efektyvumas. Esant 545±55 mg/m3 pradinei koncentracijai jis siekė 54 % (0,07 m/s) ir 53 % (0,10 m/s). Reikšminiai žodžiai: lašelinis biofiltras, valymo efektyvumas, lavsano medžiagos įkrova.

Experimental tests used a biofilter, a biological air treatment device, filled with a packing material of different origins. With the aim of achieving a higher treatment effectiveness of the device the filter was filled with a packing material composed of zeolite granules, foam cubes, wood chips and barks. Pollutant adsorption, absorption and biodegradation processes take place during biological air cleaning by applying different packing materials. As tests have shown, microorganisms predominant in the process of biocleaning can also propagate in the packing materials of inorganic origin composed of natural zeolite and foam. Through the cultivation of spontaneous microorganism associations the research determined the dependences of biofilter packing material’s humidity, porosity, pressure drop and treatment effectiveness on the device’s operation time. As proved by tests, when applying these packing materials a high air cleaning efficiency remains for quite a long period of time and varies from 88 to 98 %. As the tests have shown, the acetone adsorbed in zeolite pores was not discharged into the ambient air within the entire period of 900 days. This allows a conclusion that the desorbed acetone was degraded by microorganisms. After 900 days of device’s operation effectiveness fell to 88%. A decrease in effectiveness resulted from diminished water retention of the packing material. Such a decrease was predetermined by a reduced fraction of the packing material, which results from pollutant degradation and the impact of microorganisms.

A four– section trickle biofilter was constructed for experimental research. The filter was filled with the packing material of artificial origin. The material consists of plastic balls having a large surface area. The dependence of biofilter aerodynamic resistance on supply air flow rate and the number of filter sections was determined. The aerodynamic resistance of the biofilter was measured in two cases. In the first case, the packing material of the filter was dry, whereas in the second case it was wet. The experimental research determined that an increase in the air flow rate from 0.043 m/s to 0.076 m/s causes an increase in biofilter aerodynamic resistance from 30.5 to 62.5 Pa after measuring four layers of dry packing material. In case of wet packing material, biofilter aerodynamic resistance after measuring four layers of plastic balls increases from 42.1 to 90.4Pa. Santrauka Eksperimentiniams tyrimams atlikti sukonstruotas keturių sekcijų lašelinis biofiltras. Filtras užpildytas dirbtinės kilmės įkrova, sudaryta iš didelį paviršiaus plotą turinčių plastikinių rutuliukų. Naudojant įkrovą, skirtą introdukuotų mikroorganizmų asociacijoms kultivuoti, nustatytos biofiltro aerodinaminio pasipriešinimo priklausomybės nuo tiekiamo oro srauto greičio ir sekcijų skaičiaus. Biofiltro aerodinaminis pasipriešinimas matuotas dviem atvejais: esant sausai ir sudrėkintai įkrovai. Nustatyta, kad didinant tiekiamo oro srauto greitį nuo 0,043 iki 0,076 m/s, įrenginio aerodinaminis pasipriešinimas išmatavus keturis įkrovos sluoksnius padidėja nuo 30,5 iki 62,5 Pa tuo atveju, kai įkrova sausa, ir nuo 42,1 iki 90,4 Pa,– kai įkrova sudrėkinta. Raktiniai žodžiai:lašelinis biofiltras; aerodinaminis pasipriešinimas; mikroorganizmai; įkrova

Experimental research evaluated the possibilities of air treatment efficiency of a cylindrically shaped bio-charge, namely straw, to remove volatile organic compounds from the air. As determined during experiments, the air treatment efficiency of the straw biocharge for acetone removal reached 97.3%, while for butanol removal the efficiency was 86.0%. It has been determined that, with volatile organic compound concentrations increasing biological air treatment efficiency is decreasing as higher concentrations of organic compounds reduce the activity of microorganisms, i.e. their reproduction, respiratory and pollutant oxidation capacities. A higher efficiency of a biological air treatment device is achieved by reducing the velocity of the airflow passed through the biofilter. With airflow velocity decreasing the duration of pollutant contact with the charge is increasing, which raises the biological air treatment efficiency by 1.3 times.

The investigation was carried out using a biological air‐treatment device, i.e. a biofilter with an aeration chamber filled with water saturated with biogenic elements. To accelerate the absorption of organic compounds, air polluted with volatile organic compounds is directed to a water reservoir installed in the lower part of the filter where organic compounds are destructed. In the process of aeration, microorganisms propagate in the chamber, degrading part of pollutants to harmless products, carbon dioxide and water. Since all hydrocarbons are water‐soluble, the aeration chamber is the first phase in a hydrocarbon degradation process. Application of such a polluted air‐feeding model improves the sorption qualities of a charge. When relative air humidity reaches 100%, water‐drops evenly distribute over the entire surface area of the charge and improve the activity of microorganisms. Having passed through the aeration chamber, polluted air is filtered via charges of a different origin, composed of zeolite, foam, wood chips or their mixtures. The carried out experiment shows that the best charge filtering capacity is achieved when supplying air polluted with acetone at the rate of 0.1 m/s. At the initial pollutant concentration of 115 mg/m3 the biofilter treatment efficiency reached 96%. The aeration chamber installed in the biofilter increases both microbiological activity of the charge and air treatment efficiency. Santrauka Tyrimai atlikti naudojant biologinį oro valymo įrenginį – biofiltrą su aeracine kamera, pripildyta biogeninių elementų prisotinto vandens. Siekiant pagreitinti organinių junginių absorbciją lakiaisiais organiniais junginiais, užterštas oras nukreipiamas į filtro apatinėje dalyje įrengtą vandens talpyklą, kurioje vyksta organinių junginių destrukcija. Aeracijos proceso metu kameroje dauginasi mikroorganizmai. Jie suskaido dalį teršalų iki nekenksmingų produktų – anglies dvideginio ir vandens. Visi angliavandeniliai tirpūs vandenyje, todėl aeracinė kamera yra pirminis angliavandenilių skilimo proceso etapas. Taikant tokį užteršto oro tiekimo į įrenginį modelį pagerinamos įkrovos sorbcinės savybės. Santykinei oro drėgmei pakilus iki 100 %, vandens lašeliai tolygiai pasiskirsto per visą įkrovos paviršiaus plotą ir pagerina mikroorganizmų aktyvumą. Pratekėjęs aeracinę kamerą užterštas oras filtruojamas pro skirtingos kilmės įkrovas, sudarytas iš ceolito, porolono, medienos drožlių ir jų mišinių. Atlikus eksperimentinius tyrimus nustatyta, kad geriausiai įkrova filtravo 0,1 m/s greičiu į įrenginį tiekiamą acetonu užterštą orą. Esant pradinei šio teršalo koncentracijai 115 mg/m3 , valymo biofiltru efektyvumas siekė 96 %. Taigi biofiltre įrengta aeracinė kamera padidina įkrovos mikrobiologinį aktyvumą ir užteršto oro valymo efektyvumą. Резюме При выполнении экспериментальных исследований использовалось биологическое устройство для очистки воздуха – биофильтр с аэрационной камерой, заполненной водой и насыщаемой биогенными элементами. Для того, чтобы ускорить процессы абсорбции органических соединений, воздух, загрязненный летучими органическими соединениями, направлялся в резервуар с водой, установленный в низкой части фильтра, в котором органические соединения разрушались. В процессе аэрации в камере размножаются микроорганизмы, которые разрушают часть загрязнителей до безопасных продуктов: углекислого газа и воды. Так как все углеводороды растворимы в воде, в аэрационной камере происходит первоначальный процесс деградации углеводорода. При такой модели подачи загрязненного воздуха в устройство улучшаются сорбционные свойства загрузки. Когда относительная влажность воздуха достигает 100%, капли воды равномерно распределяются по всей площади поверхности загрузки и улучшают деятельность микроорганизмов. Пройдя через аэрационную камеру, загрязненный воздух фильтруется через загрузку различного происхождения, составленную из цеолита, поролона, щепы или их смесей. Эксперимент показал, что загрузка лучше всего фильтровала загрязненный ацетоном воздух, подаваемый в устройство со скоростью 0,1 м/сек. При начальной концентрации загрязнителя, равной 115 мг/м3 , эффективность биофильтра достигала 96%. Таким образом, установленная в биофильтре аэрационная камера увеличивает как микробиологическую активность загрузки, так и эффективность очищения воздуха. First Published Online: 14 Oct 2010 Reikšminiai žodžiai: biofiltras, sorbentai, biodegradacija, aeracija, adsorbcija, absorbcija, lakieji organiniai junginiai. Ключевые слова: биофильтр, сорбенты, биологический распад, аэрация, адсорбция, абсорбция, летучие органические составы.

In order to carry out an experimental investigation a biological air‐treatment device was used, namely, a biofilter with a charge of a different origin composed of zeolite, foam and wood chips. When mixing foam and zeolite together with wood chips for air treatment from volatile organic compounds, not only a biological but also adsorptive air‐treatment method is used. Using complex treatment technologies the device efficiency and the charge service period are improved. The investigation has shown that microorganisms, being predominant in the bio‐treatment process, can breed in charges of on inorganic origin made of natural zeolite and foam. While cultivating spontaneous microorganism associations in the charge, biofilter treatment efficiency was determined to be dependent on the sort of the supplied pollutant, concentration and filtration period. The charge filtration function was most efficient at a velocity of 0,1 m/s when the device was supplied with acetone‐polluted air. Cleaning air from acetone, when the original concentration of the pollutant was 103 mg/m3, the filter treatment efficiency reached 95%. When the concentration of pollutants supplied into the biofilter is reduced and the filtration period is increased, the device treatment efficiency increases as well. Santrauka Eksperimentiniams tyrimams atlikti buvo naudotas biologinis oro valymo įrenginys – biofiltras užkrautas skirtingos kilmės įkrova, sudaryta iš ceolito, porolono ir medienos drožlių. Poroloną ir ceolitą maišant su medienos drožlėmis lakiesiems organiniams junginiams valyti iš oro taikomas ne tik biologinis, bet ir adsorbcinis oro valymo metodas. Kompleksiškai taikant skirtingas valymo technologijas pagerinamas įrenginio valymo efektyvumas ir įkrovos naudojimo laikas. Tyrimai parodė, kad biologinio valymo procese vyraujantys mikroorganizmai gali daugintis ir neorganinės kilmės įkrovose, sudarytose iš gamtinio ceolito bei porolono. Įkrovoje kultivuojant savaiminių mikroorganizmų asociacijas nustatytos biofiltro valymo efektyvumo priklausomybės nuo tiekiamo teršalo rūšies, koncentracijos, filtracijos laiko. Geriausiai įkrova filtravo 0,1 m/s greičiu į įrenginį tiekiamą acetonu užterštą orą. Valant iš oro acetoną, kai pradinė teršalo koncentracija yra 103 mg/m3 , filtro valymo efektyvumas siekė 95 %. Mažinant į biofiltrą tiekiamų teršalų koncentracijas ir didinant jų filtracijos laiką, įrenginio valymo efektyvumas didėja. Peзюме Для выполнения экспериментальных исследований использовалось биологическое устройство для очистки воздуха – биофильтр, загруженный загрузкой различной породы, состоящей из цеолита, поролона и древесины. При смешивании поролона, цеолита и древесины для очистки воздуха от летучих органических составов применялся не только биологический, но и aдсорбционный метод очистки воздуха. При совместном применении разных технологий очистки улучшается эффективность устройства и продлевается срок действия загрузки. Исследование показало, что микроорганизмы могут размножаться и на загрузках неорганического происхождения, состоящих из природного цеолита и поролона. При выращивании самопроизвольных ассоциаций микроорганизмов установлены зависимости эффективности очистки воздуха от вида поступающего загрязнителя, концентрации и периода фильтрации. Фильтрация была наилучшей, когда воздух, загрязненный ацетоном, подавался в биофильтр со скоростью 0,1 м/сек. Эффективность биофильтра при очищении воздуха от ацетона, первоначальная концентрация которого составляла 103 мг/м3 , достигала 95%. Эффективность очищения воздуха в устройстве увеличивается, когда концентрация поставляемых в биофильтр загрязнителей уменьшается, а период фильтрации продлевается.

Biological air treatment devices, biofilters, of four different structures with different origin charges, composed of natural zeolite granules, foam cubes and wood chips, were used for the experimental investigation. Biological and adsorptive air treatment methods are employed to clean the air from volatile organic compounds by mixing foam and zeolite with wood chips. The use of complex cleaning technologies improves the efficiency of the device and extends the useful life of a charge. The investigation showed that microorganisms predominant in the process of biocleaning could also propagate in the charges of inorganic origin composed of natural zeolite. The dependences of biofilter treatment efficiency on the nature, concentration and filtration time of the fed pollutant were determined when cultivating associations of spontaneous microorganisms in a charge. The best filtration efficiency of the charge was achieved when acetone-polluted air was fed into the device at a speed of 0.3 m/s. The treatment efficiency of a biofilter with a humidifying chamber reached 98% when cleaning the air from acetone with an initial concentration of the pollutant of 305 mg/m3. The cleaning efficiency of the device increases when reducing the concentrations of pollutants fed into the device and increasing the time of their filtration., Lietuviška santrauka. Eksperimentiniams tyrimams atlikti naudota keturi skirtingų konstrukcijų biologiniai oro valymo įrenginiai – biofiltrai su skirtingos kilmės įkrovomis, sudarytomis iš gamtinės kilmės ceolito granulių, porolono kubelių bei medienos skiedrų. Poroloną ir ceolitą maišant su medienos skiedromis, lakiesiems organiniams junginiams iš oro valyti taikomi biologinis ir adsorbcinis oro valymo metodai. Įrenginio valymo efektyvumas pagerinamas bei įkrovos naudojimo trukmė ilgėja naudojant kompleksines valymo technologijas. Ištyrus nustatyta, kad biologinio valymo procese vyraujantys mikroorganizmai gali daugintis ir neorganinės kilmės įkrovose, sudarytose iš gamtinio ceolito. Įkrovoje kultivuojant savaiminių mikroorganizmų asociacijas nustatytos biofiltrų valymo efektyvumo priklausomybės nuo į įrenginį tiekiamo teršalo prigimties, koncentracijos, filtracijos laiko. Geriausiai įkrova filtravo 0,3 m/s greičiu į biofiltrą tiekiamą acetono garais užterštą orą. Šalinant iš oro acetoną, kai pradinė teršalo koncentracija 305 mg/m3, biofiltro su drėkinimo kamera valymo efektyvumas siekė 98 %. Mažinant į biofiltrus tiekiamų teršalų koncentracijas bei didinant jų filtracijos laiką įrenginių valymo efektyvumas didėja.

The biological air treatment method is based on the biological destruction of organic compounds using certain cultures of microorganisms. This method is simple and may be applied in many branches of industry. The main element of biological air treatment devices is a filter charge. Tests were carried out using a new-generation laboratory air purifier with a plate structure. This purifier is called biofilter. The biofilter has a special system for packing material humidification which does not require additional energy inputs. In order to extend the packing material's durability, it was composed of thermally treated birch fibre. Pollutant (acetone) biodegradation occurred on thermally treated wood fibre in this research. According to the performed tests and the received results, the process of biodestruction was highly efficient. When acetone was passed through biofilter's packing material at 0.08 m s−1 rate, the efficiency of the biofiltration process was from 70% up to 90%. The species of bacteria capable of removing acetone vapour from the air, i.e. Bacillus (B. cereus, B. subtilis), Pseudomonas (P. aeruginosa, P. putida), Stapylococcus (S. aureus) and Rhodococcus sp., was identified in this study during the process of biofiltration. Their amount in the biological packing material changed from 1.6 × 107 to 3.7 × 1011 CFU g−1.

Studies were conducted by employing a new generation lamellar structure laboratory air purification device – a biofilter, capable of purifying airflow, polluted with gaseous pollutants. The internal structure of the biofilter is unique in that the bioload, upon which microorganisms dwell and propagate, is fitted onto uprightly arranged wavy lamellas – a layout that creates a capillary moistening effect. Thermally treated birch wood fibers and non-woven caulked materials were used as the bioload in order to increase durability of the load. This paper discusses the results of studies, performed to determine the efficiency of acetone, xylene and ammonia’s biological breakdown processes. The conducted research revealed high efficiency of biological breakdown processes. With the acetone fumes concentration of 0,3 g m –3 running through the biofilter load at the velocity of 0,08 m s –1 and with the number of self-contained microorganisms 1,28·10 10 CFU/cm 2 , the biodegradation efficiency of the contaminant was 94%, with the xylene fumes concentration of 0,3 g m -3 running through the biofilter load and the number of self-contained microorganisms 2,45·10 8 cfu/cm 2 , the efficiency was 87%, and running 0,3 g m –3 concentration of ammonia fumes the efficiency was 88% with the number of self-contained microorganisms of 4,4·10 8 CFU/cm 2 . Using wavy lamellas with fastened load allows a longer contact time between the pollutant and the bioload compared

Biological air treatment devices, biofilters, of four different structures with different origin charges, composed of natural zeolite granules, foam cubes and wood chips, were used for the experimental investigation. Biological and ad‐sorptive air treatment methods are employed to clean the air from volatile organic compounds by mixing foam and zeolite with wood chips. The use of complex cleaning technologies improves the efficiency of the device and extends the useful life of a charge. The investigation showed that microorganisms predominant in the process of biocleaning could also propagate in the charges of inorganic origin composed of natural zeolite. The dependences of biofilter treatment efficiency on the nature, concentration and filtration time of the fed pollutant were determined when cultivating associations of spontaneous microorganisms in a charge. The best filtration efficiency of the charge was achieved when acetone‐polluted air was fed into the device at a speed of 0.3 m/s. The treatment efficiency of a biofilter with a humidifying chamber reached 98% when cleaning the air from acetone with an initial concentration of the pollutant of 305 mg/m3. The cleaning efficiency of the device increases when reducing the concentrations of pollutants fed into the device and increasing the time of their filtration. Reikšminiai žodžiai:biofiltras,lakieji organiniai junginiai, biodegradacija, ceolitas, adsorbcija, mikroorganizmai. Santrauka.Eksperimentiniams tyrimams atlikti naudota keturi skirtingų konstrukcijų biologiniai oro valymo įrenginiai – biofiltrai su skirtingos kilmės įkrovomis, sudarytomis iš gamtines kilmes ceolito granulių, porolono kubelių bei medienos skiedrų. Poroloną ir ceolitą maišant su medienos skiedromis, lakiesiems organiniams junginiams iš oro valyti taikomi biologinis ir adsorbcinis oro valymo metodai. Įrenginio valymo efektyvumas pagerinamas bei įkrovos naudojimo trukmė ilgėja naudojant kompleksines valymo technologijas. Ištyrus nustatyta, kad biologinio valymo procese vyraujantys mikroorganizmai gali daugintis ir neorganinės kilmės įkrovose, sudarytose iš gamtinio ceolito. įkrovoje kultivuojant savaiminių mikroorganizmų asociacijas nustatytos biofiltru valymo efektyvumo priklausomybės nuo į įrenginį tiekiamo teršalo prigimties, koncentracijos, filtracijos laiko. Geriausiai įkrova filtravo 0,3 m/s greičiu į biofiltrą tiekiamą acetono garais užterštą orą. Šalinant iš oro acetoną, kai pradinė teršalo koncentracija 305 mg/m3, biofiltro su drekinimo kamera valymo efektyvumas siekė 98 %. Mažinant į biofiltrus tiekiamų teršalų koncentracijas bei didinant jų filtracijos laiką irenginių valymo efektyvumas didėja. Резюме.Для экспериментальных исследований использовались четыре устройства для биологической очистки воздуха – биофильтры разных конструкций. Загрузку биофильтров составляли гранулы естественного цеолита, поролон и древесина, которые использовались для очистки воздуха от летучих органических веществ. В случае применения для очистки воздуха поролона и цеолита в смеси с древесиной применялся биологический и адсорбционный методы. Применение комплексных технологий способствует улучшению эффективности очистки воздуха и продлению срока применения загрузки. Исследования показали, что в процессе биоочистки микроорганизмы могут размножаться и в неорганической загрузке, состоящей из природного цеолита. Культивируя в загрузке ассоциации микроорганизмов, найдены зависимости эффективности биофильтра от характера загрязнителя, его концентрации, времени фильтрации. Лучше всего загрузка фильтровала воздух, загрязненный парами ацетона и подаваемый в установку со скоростью 0,3 м/с. Эффективность очистки воздуха от ацетона при начальной концентрации загрязняющих веществ в 305 мг/м3 для биофильтра с камерой увлажнения составляла 98%. При снижении концентрации загрязняющих веществ, подаваемых в биофильтр, и повышении времени фильтрации загрязненного воздуха эффективность установки увеличивается. Ключевые слова: биофильтр, летучие органические вещества, биологический распад, цеолит, адсорбция, микроорганизмы. First Published Online: 14 Oct 2010