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Two new glomerid species from caves in Cao Bang Province, Northern Vietnam, namely, Hyleoglomeris halang Kuroda, Nguyen & Eguchi, sp. nov. and Hyleoglomeris alba Nguyen, Kuroda & Eguchi, sp. nov., are described. The former is characterized by a distinct body color pattern; telopods with a large, quadrate, medially concave, sparsely setose, central syncoxital lobe; and syncoxital horns approximately 1.5–2.0 times as long as the lobe. The latter is distinguished by its completely troglobiotic form without eyes, an unpigmented body, and a roundly triangular syncoxital lobe of telopods. An identification key is also provided for the cave glomerids of Vietnam.

Otostigmus consonensis sp. nov. was described from Vietnam, and O. sulcipes Verhoeff, 1937 was recorded for the first time in this country. The new species can be recognized by having 18 antennomeres including 2.3–2.5 glabrous basal ones, three coxosternal teeth, tergites 5–20 with complete paramedia sutures, sternites with incomplete paramedian sutures, and the ultimate leg with 11–15 prefemoral spines. The fragment of the COI gene was extracted for each species; thus, a new species and a record of O. sulcipes were supported by the COI genetic distances and the corresponding phylogenetic analysis.

A conspicuous Tylopus species is described from Northern Vietnam, namely T. helicorthomorphoidessp. nov. The new species is clearly diagnosed by the gonopodal solenophore completely sheathing the solenomere, both being coiled three times, and the absence of spine z and process h of the gonopod. Fragments of the COI and 16S rRNA genes were extracted, and the phylogenetic analysis also supports the new species.

The genus Chrysapace Crawley, 1924 is one of the rarest and poorly known lineages in the ant subfamily Dorylinae, currently composed of only three extant valid species from the Oriental Realm. There is some taxonomic obscurity concerning the distinction between two of the three valid species, C. sauteri (Forel, 1913) and C. costatus (Bharti & Wachkoo, 2013), resulting from previous unavailability of C. sauteri type material and inconsistency in descriptions provided in previous literature. In the present study, we examined the C. sauteri syntype and the C. costatus holotype as well as newly collected material and vouchers used in previous literature. Although both of the species agreed well with each other in most morphological characters of the worker, we tentatively retain the separation of these species based on differences in the head sculpture, eye and ocelli sizes. The worker, queen, and male of C. sauteri, and the worker of C. costatus are here redescribed with the first provision of COI DNA barcode data. In addition, C. merimbunensis Yamada & Eguchi sp. nov. is described from Brunei based on workers and males from a single colony. A key to valid Chrysapace species is also provided.

In Japan and Taiwan, five valid species of the genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 have been described: S. morsitans Linnaeus, 1758, S. subspinipes Leach, 1816, S. mutilans Koch, 1878, S. japonica Koch, 1878, and S. multidens Newport, 1844. Recently, an undetermined species was found in the Ryukyu Archipelago and Taiwan. Using molecular phylogenetic analyses with mitochondrial COI and 16S rRNA and nuclear 28S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes as well as conventional morphological examination, we successfully discriminated this sixth species as an independent lineage from S. subspinipes, S. mutilans, and other named congeners from East and Southeast Asia. Therefore, the species was described as S. alcyona Tsukamoto & Shimano, sp. nov. Several situational evidences suggest that this species prefers streamside environments and exhibits amphibious behavior.

Two new paradoxosomatid millipede species were discovered at the high elevations of Mount Fansipan in northwestern Vietnam. They are named as Orthomorphoides sapasp. nov. and Hylomus solenophorussp. nov. In addition to their morphological descriptions, sequences from fragments of two mitochondrial genes, COI and 16S rRNA, are also provided for both new species.

A new pill millipede, Rhopalomeris nagao sp. nov., is described from Vietnam. It is recognized by the following combination of characters: antennal tip with numerous sensory cones; telopods with short prefemoral and femoral trichosteles, with long, straight and acute tuberculiform femoral process, and with shorter lobuliform tibial process; syncoxial lobe being slightly concave medially, syncoxial horns being longer than lobe. A fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene is also provided for the new species. The K2P genetic distance of the COI between the new species and other Vietnamese glomeridans is from 10.7% to 16.9%. Two genera, Hyperglomeris and Hyleoglomeris, are considered to be non-monophyletic, but more data and samples will be needed for confirmation.

uploaded for Revue Suisse de Zoologie par Plazi, {"references":["Antmaps.org 2017. Available from https://antmaps.org/. Accessed on Oct 24th, 2017","Boudinot B.E. 2013. The male genitalia of ants: musculature, homology, and functional morphology (Hymenoptera, Aculeata, Formicidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 30: 29-49.","Boudinot B.E. 2015. Contributions to the knowledge of Formicidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata): a new diagnosis of the family, the first global male-based key to subfamilies, and a treatment of early branching lineages. European Journal of Taxonomy 120: 1-62.","Buckley S.B. 1866. Descriptions of new species of North American Formicidae. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Philadelphia 6: 152-172.","Eguchi K., Viet B.T., Yamane Sk. 2014. Generic synopsis of the Formicidae of Vietnam (Insecta: Hymenoptera), Part II - Cerapachyinae, Aenictinae, Dorylinae, Leptanillinae, Amblyoponinae, Ponerinae, Ectatomminae and Proceratiinae. Zootaxa 3860: 1-46.","Keller R.A. 2011. A phylogenetic analysis of ant morphology (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with special reference to the poneromorph subfamilies. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 355: 1-90.","Latreille P.A. 1804. Tableau methodique des insectes. Classe huitieme. Insectes, Insecta. Nouveau dictionnaire d'histoire naturelle 24: 129-200.","Myers N., Mittermeier R.A., Mittermeier C.G., Da Fonseca G.A., Kent J. 2000. Biodiversity hotspots for conservation priorities. Nature 403: 853-858.","Ogata K. 1987. A generic synopsis of the poneroid complex of the family Formicidae in Japan (Hymenoptera). Part I. Subfamilies Ponerinae and Cerapachyinae. Esakia 25: 97-132.","Satria R., Kurushima H., Herwina H., Yamane Sk., Eguchi K. 2015. The trap-jaw ant genus Odontomachus Latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from Sumatra, with a new species description. Zootaxa 4048: 1-36.","Satria R., Viet B.T., Eguchi K. 2017. New synonymy and redescription of Anochetus mixtus Radchenko, 1993, and distinction from the other members of the Anochetus rugosus group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae). Asian Myrmecology 8: 1-15.","Schmidt C.A., Shattuck S.O. 2014. The higher classification of the ant subfamily Ponerinae (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), with a review of Ponerine ecology and behavior. Zootaxa 3817: 1-242.","Sterling E.J., Hurley M.M., Le M.D. 2006. Vietnam: a national history. New Haven and London, 444 pp.","Taylor R.W. 1967. A monographic revision of the ant genus Ponera Latreille (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Pacific Insects Monograph 13: 1-112.","Wheeler G.C., Wheeler J. 1976. Ant larvae: review and synthesis. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington 7: 1-108.","Wheeler W.M. 1928. Ants collected by Professor F. Silvestri in Japan and Korea. Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia generale e agraria del R. Istituto Superiore agrario di Portici 22: 96-125.","Wheeler W.M. 1933. Three obscure genera of ponerine ants. American Museum Novitates 672: 1-23.","Wilson E.O. 1957. The tenuis and selenophora groups of the ant genus Ponera (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology 116: 355-386.","Zhou S.Y. 2001. Ants of Guangxi. Guangxi Normal University Press, Guilin, China, 255 pp."]}

Ponera guangxiensis Zhou, 2001 Figs 1-13 Ponera guangxiensis Zhou, 2001: 37-18, figs 33-34. Type locality: Huashuichong Natural Protection Area, Guangxi Province, China. Images of type material examined: 1 paratype worker, 31 VIII 1998, Huashuichong Natural Protection Area (ca. 24.4246°N, 111.2276°E), Guangxi, China, SY Zhou leg. Non-type material examined: 1 worker, 1 alate queen, 1 male (colony: CML12ix17-Col.22; OMNH: LCM00052 _1 alate queen, LCM00053 _ 1 male, LCM00054 _ 1 worker), Vietnam, Lạng SƠn Province, Mount Mau Son, 21.8370°N, 106.9139°E, ca. 990 m alt., 12 IX 2017, CM Leong leg. – 9 workers, 1 dealate queen, 1 alate queen, 9 pupae, 2 larvae (CML13ix17- Col. 21; NMNS: LCM00055 _ 1 worker, LCM00056 _ 1 worker), Vietnam, Lạng SƠn Province, Mount Mau Son, 21.8417°N, 106.9419°E, ca. 904 m alt., 13 IX 2017, CM Leong leg. – 5 workers, 1 dealate queen, 9 alate queens, 1 male, 13 pupae (CML15ix17- Col. 07; MHNG: LCM00058 _ 1 worker, LCM00057 _ 1 worker; IEBR: LCM00059 _1 alate queen, LCM00060 _1 dealate queen; OMNH: LCM00061 _ 1 male, LCM00062 _ 1 pupa, LCM00063 _ 1 larva), Vietnam, Lạng SƠn Province, Mount Mau Son, 21.8525°N, 106.9454°E, ca. 866 m alt., 15 IX 2017, CM Leong leg. Species diagnosis: Ponera guangxiensis Zhou, 2001 can be distinguished from the other congeners by a combination of the following characteristics in the worker: masticatory margin of mandible edentate except for the apical and two preapical teeth; antennal scape, when laid backward, not reaching the posterior corner of head, with the remaining distance of head to posterior corner of head about 5% of the scape length; antennal club five-merous; metanotal groove distinct and thin; petiolar node in dorsal view semicircular, with strongly and roundly convex anterior margin, and almost straight and roundly concave posterior margin, in lateral view with posteromedian portion of the dorsum slightly sloping posteroventrad; petiolar node in lateral view slightly higher at the anterodorsal corner than at the posterodorsal corner; subpetiolar process with distinct posteroventral teeth. Description of the worker Measurements and indices: Workers (n = 5): HL 0.55- 0.57; HW 0.45-0.52; SL 0.36-0.38; PrW 0.38-0.41; WL 0.75-0.82; PeH 0.39-0.41; PeNL 0.19-0.21; PeW 0.32- 0.34; CI 81-92; SI 72-83. Head: Head in full-face view with posterior margin straight to slightly convex; lateral margin weakly convex (Fig. 1). Eye small; the longest axis having 5-7 minute ommatidia. Anterior clypeal margin with median blunt tooth (Fig. 2A). Masticatory margin of mandible edentate, except for three large teeth in the apical part (one apical and two preapical teeth; Fig. 2B). Antennal scape, when laid backward, not reaching the posterior corner of head, with remaining distance of head to posterior corner about 5% of scape length; ratio of the length of antennal segment VI-X approximately 1.00: 1.25: 1.67: 2.64: 3.07 (n = 5). Mesosoma: Dorsum of mesosoma slightly convex in lateral view (Fig. 3A). Pronotal disc in dorsal view with broadly convex anterior margin (Fig. 2C). Promesonotal articulation distinct but weakly incised (Figs 2E, 3A). Metanotal groove distinct and forming a narrow suture (Fig. 2C, E). Propodeal dorsum in dorsal view moderately broad; posterodorsal corner of propodeum broadly round in lateral view. Metasoma: Petiolar node in dorsal view semicircular, ca. with a few superficial hair pits; posterior face shining and smooth. Abdominal tergum III weakly and sparsely punctate (interval ca. 0.018 mm; diameter = 0.011 mm). Setation: Body densely covered with short pubescence (Figs 1-3). Each antennomere with many decumbent long hairs which increase in number through the apex. Anterior clypeal margin with a series of erect hairs including two very long erect hairs (Fig. 2B). Ventral face of mandible with many long and erect hairs. Petiolar dorsum with several long and erect hairs (Fig. 3A); subpetiolar process with few long erect hairs (Fig. 2F). Gastral sterna and gastral terga V-VII with many long erect hairs (Fig. 3B). Color: Body brown; antenna, mandible, clypeus, legs and posterior half of gaster yellowish orange (Figs 1, 3). 0.5 times as long as wide, with roundly convex anterior margin and almost straight posterior margin (Figs 2D, 3B), with posteromedian portion of the dorsum slightly sloping posteroventrad. Petiolar node in lateral view with straight anterior margin, slightly convex posterolateral margin and convex dorsal margin, with its anterodorsal corner slightly higher than posterodorsal corner (Figs 2F, 3A). Subpetiolar process in lateral view with mediumsized posteroventral teeth (Fig. 2F), medium-sized fenestra, and very weakly concave ventral margin. Abdominal tergum III in dorsal view distinctly broader than length (the ratio = 77-83%; n = 5). Sculpture: Body sculpture as shown in Figs 1, 2 and 3. Dorsum of head capsule strongly and densely punctate (Fig. 2A); the intervals between punctures (ca. 0.010 mm; n = 5) much greater than the diameter of punctures (ca. 0.005 -0.007 mm; n = 5). Mandible smooth and shining with a few superficial hair pits on the lateral surface. Mesosomal dorsum weakly punctate; the density sparser in mesosomal dorsum than in dorsum of head capsule; intervals between punctures ca. 0.013 mm and diameter of punctures ca. 0.005 -0.007 mm in pronotal disc (n = 5), and intervals between punctures ca. 0.015 mm and diameter of punctures 0.006 -0.008 mm in mesonotum and propodeal dorsum (n = 5). Lateral face of pronotum very weakly punctate but shining. Mesopleuron with punctate upper portion and weakly striate lower portion. Metapleuron with smooth upper portion, and punctate lower portion. Most portion of propodeum sparsely punctate. Propodeal declivity smooth and shining. Anterior and lateral faces of petiolar node sparsely and very weakly punctate; dorsal face smooth and shining Description of the gyne Measurements and indices: Gynes (n = 3): HL 0.60-61; HW 0.54-0.57; SL 0.40-0.43; PrW 0.50-0.52; WL 0.93- 1.02; PeH 0.46-0.47; PeNL 0.22; PeW 0.37-0.38; CI 91- 93; SI 71-78. Body: In overall morphology similar to the worker (Figs 4-5). Antennal scape, when laid backward, not reaching the posterior corner of head, with the remaining distance about 5% of the scape length; ratio of the length of antennal segments VI-X approximately 1.00: 1.23: 1.51: 2.33: 2.96 (n = 3). Pronotal disc in dorsal view with broadly convex anterior margin. Mesoscutum well developed and large (Figs 4B, 5B), with moderately broad and deep scutoscutellar sulcus from which transscutal line runs laterad. Mesoscutellar disc suboval with moderately convex anterior and posterior margins. Oblique mesopleural sulcus in lateral view almost straight and incised (Figs 4A, 5A). Upper metapleuron suboval and narrowed ventrad, weakly separated from lower metapleuron by a sulcus. Propodeal corner in lateral view broadly round. Petiolar node in dorsal view semicircular, ca. 0.5 times as long as wide, with strongly and roundly convex anterior margin, and roundly concave posterior margin (Figs 4B, 5B), with posteromedian portion of the dorsum slightly sloping posteroventrad. Petiolar node in lateral view with straight anterior and posterior margins; blunt apex; anterodorsal corner little higher than posterodorsal corner (Figs 4A, 5B). Subpetiolar process with medium-sized teeth, small fenestra, straight ventral margin. Abdominal tergum III in dorsal view distinctly broader than length (the ratio = 78-82%; n = 3). Wings: Forewing (Fig. 6A) Rsf1 short and forming a blunt angle with Mf1; Mf1 straight and 3 times as long as Rsf1. Mf2 very short, 0.20 times as long as Rs+M; Rs+M running almost at right angle to 1m-cu; dc1 cell subrectangular, with Cu a little longer than Mf1; 2rsm and 2r-rs oriented at slightly different angles and diverging; Rsf4 and Rsf2-3 forming an blunt angle; the junction of Mf1 and Cu present distad to the junction of M+Cu and cu-a; cell smc2 narrowing toward Mf2, with bluntly angulate distal corner formed by Rsf4 and 2rs-m; smc2 cell 0.5 times as long as cell mc1. Hindwing (Fig. 6B): Vein A reaching wing outer margin of wing, but Rsf, Cuf, Mf almost reaching outer margin. Description of the male Measurements and indices: Male (n = 1): HL 0.49; HW 0.51; SL 0.06; PrW 0.56; WL 0.98; PeH 0.33; PeNL 0.18; PeW 0.22; CI 106; SI 11. Head: In full-face view of head (Fig. 7) suboval, broader than long (CI: 106). Gena and lateral portion of clypeus forming a distinctly angulate corner. Median portion of clypeus convex, weakly raised dorsad and forming a diamond-shaped mound; anterior clypeal margin straight. Compound eye large; the longest axis about 0.23 mm, with 25 ommatidia. Median ocellus circular, about 0.06 mm in maximum diameter; lateral ocelli subcircular, about 0.06 mm in maximum diameter. Mandible reduced, triangular with sharp apex; mandalus large and subcircular. Palp formula: 4, 2. Antennal scape very short; the ratio of the length of antennal segments I–XIII approximately 1.0: 1.1: 2.7: 2.8: 2.6: 2.7: 2.6: 2.8: 2.7: 3.70: 3.1: 2.8: 3.1: 5.1 (n = 1). Mesosoma: Mesoscutum well developed and large (Fig. 8B), with broad and deep scutoscutellar sulcus from which transscutal line runs laterad. Mesoscutellar disc sub-trapezoidal with straight anterior margin. Oblique mesopleural sulcus distinct in lateral view. Upper metapleuron suboval, distinctly separated from lower metapleuron by a sulcus. Propodeal corner in lateral view broadly round. Metasoma: Petiolar node cone-like (Fig. 8A), with steeply sloping anterior margin and ventral posterior margin, in dorsal view oval, broader than long. Subpetiolar process triangular, with indistinct fenestra, with acute anteroventral and round posteroventral corners. Abdominal sternum III prora in lateral view blunt. Posteromedian portion of abdominal tergum VIII acutely sharpened, forming median spine as long as its nearby erect hairs. Fore, middle and hind legs each with a single pectinate tibial spur; middle tibial spur approximately 3 times as large as those of fore and hind legs. Sculpture: Head weakly and evenly punctate; clypeus evenly punctate. Pronotal dorsum and mesonotum with relatively sparse punctures. Propodeal dorsum smooth. Mesosoma in lateral view with very scattered punctures. Propodeal declivity smooth. Petiolar node with dorsal and posterior faces smooth and shiny, and lateral face with few punctures. Abdominal tergum III evenly punctate. Setation: Head covered densely with short sub-erect hairs; clypeus with a few long and decumbent hairs. Compound eyes with dense and very short erect hairs (Fig. 6). Mesosoma, petiole and gaster covered densely with short and decumbent/suberect background hairs; petiolar node hairy in anterior face, and propodeal declivity and posterior face of petiole glabrous. Wings: Similar to those of gyne, as shown in Fig. 9. Color: Body color blackish brown (Figs 7, 8); antennae and legs dark brown; mandibles blackish yellow. Genitalia (dissected): Pygostyle digitiform, with 7-8 long erect hairs (Fig. 10A). Apical part of abdominal sternum IX (Fig. 10B) triangular, with angulate apex, ventrally with sparse hairs. Genital capsule almost as long as broad, broadest at the midlength of basimere (Fig. 10C, D), in lateral view subtriangular, distinctly longer than high (Fig. 10E); parameral process in lateral view subtrapezoidal with well protruding posterodorsal corner; telomere in lateral view forming an obtuse dorsomedial process (Fig. 10E), then tapering apicad, with the apex blunt and round (Fig. 10E). Volsella with well developed cuspis and digitus; digitus in mesal view thick at the base, narrowed and bent ventrad in the apical 2/3; cuspis elongate and spatulate (Fig. 10F, G). Valviceps subdivided into distinct apical and ventral lobes by a deep and round apicoventral notch (Fig. 10H); apical lobe broadly and roundly produced apicad; ventral margin of ventral lobe weakly and roundly convex, with ca. 10 small denticles; valvura weakly curved. Description of the pupa (worker) Pupa enclosed by a cocoon. Cocoon yellowish brown, with a dark-brown circular meconium in the anal area. Diameter of cocoon largest around the thorax of pupa, about 0.44 mm (Fig. 11 A-B). Description of the larva (expectedly final instar; but sex and caste unknown) Body shape pogonomyrmecoid (sensu Wheeler & Wheeler, 1976). Head subtrapezoidal (Fig. 12C), with posterior margin straight, with lateral margin well convex. Tentorial pit weakly incised. Labrum thin, with straight anterior margin. Labium well developed, subtrapezoidal, with a pair of labial palps. Each maxilla with 2 palps. Mandible well sclerotized, pogonomyrmecoid (sensu Wheeler & Wheeler, 1976), with a total of 3 teeth.Antenna with base weakly raised. Thoracic segment I (TI) with ca. 12 slender and simple subcones which are arranged as a single whorled series. Each of TII-TIII and AI-AVII with ca. 20 slender and simple subcones which are arranged as double whorled series dorsally and a single whorled series ventrally. Each of AVI-AVII additionally with a pair of glutinous tubercles. The remainder of abdominal segments (after AVII) with increasing numbers of slender and simple subcones. Head with a few erect hairs (ca. 30 hairs). Body color yellowish white. Distribution and nesting sites: Guangxi Province, China and Lạng Son Province, Vietnam (new record). The nests of P. guangxiensis were found inside the rotten wood, under the moss or under the stone in humid environments (Fig. 14)., Published as part of Chi-Man, Leong, Chung-Chi, Lin, Shiuh-Feng, Shiao, Dai Dac, Nguyen & Katsuyuki, Eguchi, 2018, Taxonomic notes on Ponera guangxiensis Zhou, 2001 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Ponerinae), with a new distribution record from Vietnam and the first description of queen, male, and larva, pp. 201-215 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 125 (2) on pages 202-212, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.1414195, {"references":["Zhou S. Y. 2001. Ants of Guangxi. Guangxi Normal University Press, Guilin, China, 255 pp.","Wheeler G. C., Wheeler J. 1976. Ant larvae: review and synthesis. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Washington 7: 1 - 108."]}

Pheidole acantha Eguchi, 2001 Pheidole acantha Eguchi, 2001: 25-27. Type material examined: BMNH, MCZC, MSNG, NHMW, UMS; Malaysia, Sabah, Taman Kinabalu (KPHQ); K. Eguchi leg. [colony No.: Eg 97 -BOR- 404, type images: CASENT0901618 and CASENT0901619 of AntWeb (http://www.antweb.org/)]. Nontype material examined: ACEG; Malaysia, Sabah, Taman Kinabalu (KPHQ); K. Eguchi leg. [Eg 97 - BOR- 377 (Accession No. LC 020538: voucher specimen No. Ext 20131019 - 10), - 386], Mt. Kinabalu, ca. 1500 m alt., T. Kikuta leg. [7 IV 0714- 1 -B 1; 15 Q 12 S3, 15Q 22 B 5; 118 AC, 177 A, 179 A, 185 A], Mt. Kinabalu, ca. 1800 m alt., T. Kikuta leg. [593 A, 604 A, 607 A, 617 A, 626 A, 664 A, 668 A, 873 A]. Distinction from P. leloi: In the major, promesonotal dome with a conspicuous transverse ridge on its posterior slope; ventral face of petiole without a longitudinal carina. In the minor, dorsum of mesosoma in profile bearing less than 10 standing hairs., Published as part of Katsuyuki Eguchi, Bui Tuan Viet, Emiko Oguri & Seiki Yamane, 2016, The first discovery of the " Pheidole quadricuspis group " in the Indo-Chinese Peninsula (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), pp. 45-55 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 123 (1) on pages 49-51, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.46289, {"references":["Eguchi K. 2001. A revision of the Bornean species of the ant genus Pheidole (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Tropics Monograph Series 2: 1 - 154."]}

Pheidole spinicornis Eguchi, 2001 Pheidole spinicornis Eguchi, 2001: 116-117. Type material examined: BMNH, MBD, MCZC, MSNG, NHMW, UMS; Malaysia, Sabah, Sepilok Forest; K. Eguchi leg. [Eg 98 -BOR- 880 (Accession No. LC 020539: voucher specimen No. Ext 20131029 - 1), type images: CASENT0901620 and CASENT0901621 of AntWeb (http://www.antweb.org/)]. Nontype material examined: ACEG; Malaysia, Sabah, Poring, 500 m alt., Kinabalu Park, H. Hirosawa leg., 20 / vii/ 1997, Poring, 600 m alt., T. Kikuta leg. [6 x 2906 - 5 - Bd], Sayap Kinabalu, ca. 1000 m alt., K. Eguchi leg., 15 /vii/ 1996. Distinction from P. leloi: In the major, promesonotal dome with a pair of spines which slightly or weakly curve backward, with a distinct transverse ridge on its posterior slope; first gastral tergite finely punctate over the surface. In the minor, propodeal spine horn-like, weakly downcurved; petiolar node in lateral view blunt at apex, and in posterior view not emarginate at apex., Published as part of Katsuyuki Eguchi, Bui Tuan Viet, Emiko Oguri & Seiki Yamane, 2016, The first discovery of the " Pheidole quadricuspis group " in the Indo-Chinese Peninsula (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), pp. 45-55 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 123 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.46289, {"references":["Eguchi K. 2001. A revision of the Bornean species of the ant genus Pheidole (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae). Tropics Monograph Series 2: 1 - 154."]}

Pheidole quadricuspis Emery, 1900 Pheidole quadricuspis Emery, 1900: 683. Pheidole (Pheidolacanthinus) quadricuspis. ��� Emery, 1921: 683. Type material examined: MSNG; Indonesia, Sumatra, Si-Ramb��; E. Modigliani leg.; xii/ 1890 - iii/ 1891 [3 syntypes (1 major, 2 minor), type images: CASENT0904267 and CASENT0905766 of AntWeb (http://www.antweb.org/)]. Nontype material examined: ACEG; Malaysia, Selangor, Ulu Gombak, F. Ito leg. [FI 96- 604, - 605; FI 98-113, - 114, - 130, - 188, - 197], Pahang, Cameron Highlands, ca. 1000 m alt., F. Ito leg. [FI 92 MCH- 16, - 32], Malaysia, Sabah, Gunong Rara, K. Eguchi leg. [Eg 96 -BOR- 315, - 319, - 320, - 343 A, - 343 B, - 353, - 370, - 372; Eg 97 -BOR- 530, - 557, - 558], Sepilok forest, K. Eguchi leg. [Eg 97 -BOR- 495]. ��� ACEG; Brunei, Tutong, Tasek Merimbun, K. Eguchi leg. [Eg 99 - BOR-039, 111, 112, 522, 585. ��� ACEG; Eg00- BOR-037 (Accession No.: EF 518393.1), 0 48, -057, -058], Temburong, Kuala Belalong Field Studies Centre, K. Eguchi leg. [Eg 99 -BOR- 222]. ��� ACEG; Indonesia, East Kalimantan, Kutai N. P.; Sk. Yamane leg., 13 / ix/ 1993, North Sumatra, Pulau Nias (Lotu), Sk. Yamane leg. [SU02-SKY- 126, - 134, - 137], West Sumatra, Lubuk Gadang; Sk. Yamane leg., 21-23 /viii/ 1985. ��� ACEG; Philippines, Camarines Sur, Naga City, Panicuason Vill., D. General et al. leg., 7 /iii/ 2003. Distinction from P. leloi: In the major, anterior part of vertex longitudinally rugose. In the minor, head almost completely smooth, with a few standing hairs; dorsal face of promesonotal dome smooth dorsomedially, and weakly punctate anterodorsally, laterally and posterodorsally; mesosoma lacking standing hairs; petiolar node in lateral view blunt at apex, and in posterior view not emarginate at apex., Published as part of Katsuyuki Eguchi, Bui Tuan Viet, Emiko Oguri & Seiki Yamane, 2016, The first discovery of the " Pheidole quadricuspis group " in the Indo-Chinese Peninsula (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), pp. 45-55 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 123 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.46289, {"references":["Emery C. 1900 d. Formiche raccolte da Elio Modigliani in Sumatra, Engano e Mentawei. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturali di Genova 40: 661 - 722.","Emery C. 1921. Hymenoptera Fam. Formicidae, subfam. Myrmicinae (pp. 1 - 94). In: Wytsman P. (ed.). Genera Insectorum, Fasc. 174. Bruxelles, 392 pp."]}

Aiki Yamada, Katsuyuki Eguchi (2016): Description of the male genitalia of Pristomyrmex punctatus (Smith, 1860) (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). Asian Myrmecology 8 (1): 1 - 8, DOI: 10.20362/am.008010

Pheidole leloi Eguchi & Bui, sp. n. Figs 1-13 Type material examined: VNMN; holotype (major); Vietnam, Khanh Hoa, Hon Ba Nature Reserve, 12 ˚07’ 24 ”- 38 ”N, 108 ˚ 58 ’ 24 ”- 28 ”E, ca. 1030-1050 m alt.; K. Eguchi leg.; 16 /iii/ 2013 [colony: Eg 16 iii 13-24]. ‒ VNMN, MCZC, MHNG, ACEG; paratypes; 8 majors, 9 minors, 1 queen from the same colony as holotype; Accession No. LC 020537; voucher specimen No. Ext 20130410 - 1 (paratype) from the same colony as holotype (ACEG). Diagnosis: In the major, vertex as well as dorsal, lateral and ventrolateral faces of vertexal lobe strongly and coarsely reticulate; promesonotal dome with an inconspicuous transverse ridge on its posterior slope; pronotal spine almost straight; posterior slope and lateral face of the dome, mesopleuron and metapleuron irregularly rugoso-reticulate; propodeal spine somewhat digitiform, with blunt apex; ventral face of petiole with a conspicuous longitudinal carina; anterior half to two thirds of first gastral tergite finely rugoso-punctate. In the minor, posterior part of frons and vertex reticulate; mesosoma relatively densely covered with standing hairs; dorsal face of promesonotal dome weakly punctured, overlain with several rugae, and lateral face of the dome, mesopleuron, metapleuron and dorsal face of propodeum punctate; propodeal spine in lateral view elongate-triangular; petiolar node in lateral view acute at apex, and in posterior view widely and shallowly emarginate at apex. Description Major (Figs 1-5): Body dark reddish brown with darker gaster, relatively densely covered with standing hairs (Figs 1, 2, 4, 5). Head in full-face view subrectangular, with its posterior margin narrowly and shallowly emarginated medially, in lateral view relatively thick, faintly impressed on vertex; frons longitudinally rugoso-reticulate; vertex, and dorsal, lateral and ventrolateral faces of vertexal lobe strongly and coarsely reticulate; gena longitudinally rugose; frontal carina almost absent or present just as rugula(e); antennal scrobe absent; median portion of clypeus almost smooth or faintly rugose longitudinally, with a few longitudinal rugae laterally; median longitudinal carina of clypeus relatively distinct; hypostoma with a pair of stout submedian processes (“SM” in Fig. 3) but without median process; lateral processes of hypostoma present but tiny (“L” in Fig. 3); masticatory margin of mandible with apical and preapical teeth, and a tooth in front of basal angle; outer surface of mandible smooth except its base, scattering relatively long decumbent/appressed hairs; antenna with 3 -segmented club; maximal diameter of eye longer than or almost as long as antennal segment X. Promesonotal dome with an inconspicuous transverse ridge on its posterior slope; pronotal spine long, slender, almost straight, with pointed apex; anterior slope of promesonotal dome largely smooth with several transverse rugae; posterior slope and lateral face of the dome, mesopleuron and metapleuron irregularly rugoso-reticulate; propodeum irregularly rugoso-reticulate dorsally, longitudinally rugose laterally, and transversely rugose posteriorly; propodeal spine somewhat digitiform, with blunt apex. Ventral surface of midcoxa and hindcoxa smooth. Petiole longer than postpetiole (excluding helcium); petiolar node in lateral view blunt at apex, in posterior view widely and shallowly emarginate at apex, in dorsal view laterally with a narrow flange; ventral face of petiole with a conspicuous longitudinal carina; postpetiole in dorsal view much broader than long, somewhat spindle-shaped; its anteroventral part forming a sharp transverse ridge. Anterior half to two thirds of first gastral tergite finely rugoso-punctate. Holotype (major): HL, 2.36 mm; HW, 2.62 mm; SL, 1.22 mm; ML, 2.27 mm; PW, 1.18 mm; HFL 1.76 mm; PtL 0.58 mm; PtW 0.47 mm; PPtL 0.45 mm; PPtW 0.77 mm; CI, 111; SI, 46; MI, 193; HFI, 67; PtI 1, 130; PtI2, 62. Paratype majors (n= 8): HL, 2.39-2.49 mm, HW, 2.55-2.71 mm; SL, 1.18-1.24 mm; ML, 2.23-2.35 mm; PW, 1.16-1.20 mm; HFL, 1.74-1.80 mm; PtL, 0.61- 0.67 mm; PtW, 0.46-0.52 mm; PPtL, 0.45-0.49 mm; PPtW, 0.77-0.86 mm; CI, 107-110; SI, 45-47; MI, 188- 198; HFI, 65-68; PtI 1, 128 - 145; PtI2, 60- 63. Minor (Figs 6-9): Body dark reddish brown, relatively densely covered with standing hairs (Figs 6, 8, 9). Anteromedian part of frons largely smooth; posterior part of frons and vertex reticulate; area between antennal insertion and eye, and gena rugose; preoccipital carina conspicuous dorsally and laterally; median portion of clypeus slightly punctate, with a median longitudinal carina; masticatory margin of mandible with apical and preapical teeth followed by several small teeth; 1 or 2 small denticles between the preapical tooth and 3 rd tooth; outer surface of mandible longitudinally rugose, scattered with long decumbent hairs; antenna with 3 -segmented club; scape extending far beyond posterolateral margin of head; maximal diameter of eye shorter than antennal segment X. Promesonotal dome with a pair of spines that are long, slender and pointed apically; posterior slope of the dome with an inconspicuous transverse ridge; dorsal face of the dome weakly punctate, overlain with several rugae; lateral face of the dome, mesopleuron, metapleuron and dorsal face of propodeum punctate; propodeal spine in lateral view elongate-triangular. Petiole a little longer than postpetiole (excluding helcium); petiolar node in lateral view acute at apex, and in posterior view widely and shallowly emarginate at apex; ventral face of petiole without any process and longitudinal carina. HL, 0.97-1.01 mm, HW, 0.89-0.93 mm; SL, 1.21- 1.27 mm; ML, 1.42-1.50 mm; PW, 0.61-0.65 mm; HFL, 1.36-1.43 mm; PtL, 0.31-0.34 mm; PtW, 0.14-0.16 mm; PPtL, 0.28-0.29 mm; PPtW, 0.31-0.34 mm; CI, 91-93; SI, 134-138; MI, 227-235; HFI, 152-155; PtI 1, 111 - 119; PtI2, 45- 49. Queen (Figs 10-13): Body dark reddish brown with dark- er gaster, relatively densely covered with standing hairs (Figs 10, 12, 13). Head in full-face view subtrapezoidal, with its posterior margin broadly and shallowly concave, in lateral view relatively thick, not impressed on vertex, with its posterior margin narrowly and shallowly emarginated medially; frons longitudinally rugoso-reticulate; vertex, and dorsal, lateral and ventrolateral faces of vertexal lobe strongly and coarsely reticulate; gena longitudinally rugose; frontal carina present just as rugula(e); antennal scrobe absent; median portion of clypeus faintly rugose longitudinally, with a few longitudinal rugae laterally; median longitudinal carina of clypeus relatively conspicuous; hypostoma with a pair of stout submedian processes but without median process; lateral processes of hypostoma present but tiny; masticatory margin of mandible with apical and preapical teeth, and a tooth in front of basal angle; outer surface of mandible smooth except its base, scattered with relatively long decumbent to appressed hairs; antenna with 3 -segmented club; maximal diameter of eye longer than or almost as long as antennal segment X; median ocellus in full-face view located a little behind the level of the posterior margin of compound eye; maximum diameter of median ocellus a little longer than the distance between the median and lateral ocelli (Fig. 11). Mesosoma fully segmented; pronotum almost smooth anteriorly and reticulate laterally; pronotal spine stout and straight, directing anterolaterad; mesoscutum longitudinally rugose medially and irregularly rugoso-reticulate laterally; parapsidal line weakly recognized; scuto-scutellar suture present as a deep and broad impression; mesoscutellum largely smooth dorsally; mesopleuron irregularly rugoso-reticulate, subdivid- ed into anepisternum and katepisternum; metapleuron irregularly rugoso-reticulate; propodeum longitudinally rugose laterally, and transversely rugose posteriorly; propodeal spine somewhat digitiform, with blunt apex. Ventral surface of midcoxa and hindcoxa smooth. Petiole longer than postpetiole (excluding helcium); petiolar node in lateral view blunt at apex, in posterior view widely and shallowly emarginate at apex, in dorsal view laterally with a narrow flange; ventral face of petiole with a conspicuous longitudinal carina; postpetiole in dorsal view much broader than long, somewhat spindle-shaped; its anteroventral part forming a sharp transverse ridge. Anterior three fifths of first gastral tergite finely rugoso-punctate. HL, 2.10 mm, HW, 2.50 mm; SL, 1.21 mm; ML, 3.19 mm; MSW, 2.03 mm; HFL, 1.90 mm; PtL, 0.82 mm; PtW, 0.72 mm; PPtL, 0.60 mm; PPtW, 0.91 mm; CI, 119; SI, 48; MI, 157; HFI, 76; PtI 1, 136; PtI2, 79. Bionomics: The type series (a single colony) was collected from rotten wood on the forest floor of a relatively disturbed patch of an evergreen forest at an altitude of ca. 1,000 m. SIMILAR SPECIES Pheidole leloi can be morphologically well distinguished from P. quadricuspis and its named allies as follows (see also “Diagnosis” of P. leloi).

Northern Vietnamese species of the ant genus Pheidole (Myrmicinae: Pheidolini) were revised, and 31 species including six new species were recognized: capellinii Emery, colpigaleata Eguchi, dugasi Forel, elongicephala sp.n., fervens F. Smith, fervida F. Smith, fortis Eguchi, foveolata Eguchi, gatesi (Wheeler), hongkongensis Wheeler, indosinensis Wheeler stat.n., laevicolor Eguchi, laevithorax sp.n., magna Eguchi, megacephala (Fabricius), noda F. Smith, ochracea sp.n., parva Mayr, pieli Santschi, plagiaria F. Smith, planifrons Santschi, rabo Forel, rugithorax sp.n., smythiesii Forel, taipoana Wheeler, tjibodana Forel, tumida sp.n., vieti sp.n., vulgaris Eguchi, yeensis Forel, zoceana Santschi. The following cases of synonymy were resolved: Myrmica agilis F. Smith as a junior synonym of Pheidole megacephala; Pheidole rhombinoda var. stella Forel, P. rhombinoda var. formosensis Forel, P. rhombinoda var. taprobanae Forel, and P. nodus var. flebilis Santschi as junior synonyms of P. noda; Pheidole peguensis r. yomensis as a junior synonym of P. plagiaria; and Pheidole smythiesii var. bengalensis Forel and P. bhavanae Bingham as junior synonyms of P. smythiesii. The lectotype was designated for the following species: Pheidole dugasi, P. rhombinoda var. stella, P. peguensis r. yomensis and P. sulcaticeps r. yeensis. A key to N. Vietnamese species of Pheidole based on the worker caste is given.

The myrmicine ant genus Parvimyrma is newly established for a single new species found from N. Vietnam. The genus is undoubtedly placed in the Solenopsis genus group, and it is distinguished from the other genera belonging to the genus group by a combination of the following features: posteromedian portion of clypeus narrowly inserted between frontal lobes; masticatory margin of mandible with 5 distinct teeth; antenna 11-segmented, with a 2-segmented club; eye completely absent; promesonotum in profile almost flat or very weakly convex dorsally; metanotal groove relatively shallowly impressed dorsally; propodeum unarmed; propodeal spiracle small, situated a little behind the midlength of the sides of propodeum; metapleural gland large; petiolar peduncle with a small anteroventral process; postpetiole narrowly attached to the anteriormost end of gaster; sting poorly developed.

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Ant fauna of a green buffer belt adjacent to an industrial zone in Kagoshima City, southern Kyushu, Japan was elucidated using a standardized protocol. A total of 39 species belonging to 24 genera in five subfamilies were recorded from this park. Most speciose genera are Camponotus and Tetramorium having four species. The number of species per genus is 1.56 on average. Pheidole noda F. Smith, Monomo-rium chinense Santschi, Solenopsis japonica Wheeler, Tetramorium bicarinatwn (Nylander) and Technomyrmex albipes (F. Smith) were most frequently encountered. Excepting Pheidole noda they are open-land and/or forest-edge inhabitants. Furthermore, Tetramorium bica-rinatum and Technomyrmex albipes are tramp species. Thus, ant fauna there strongly reflects environmental conditions derived from urbanization/industrialization. Based on the present results, we propose here a new protocol monitoring ants in urban/industrial zones consisting of baiting and time unit sampling.

Crematogaster Lund, 1831 Taxonomy. The genus Crematogaster is assigned to the tribe Crematogastrini (Bolton 2003). Workers of Vietnamese species have the following features. Worker monomorphic, but sometimes varying widely in size; head round, subrectangular or subtrapezoidal; frontal carina and antennal scrobe absent; median portion of clypeus roundly expanded anteriad, partly overhanging basal part of mandibles when fully closed; posteromedian portion very broadly inserted between frontal lobes; no isolated, median seta on anterior clypeal margin; mandible narrow; masticatory margin oblique, with 4 teeth; antennae 11-segmented, with a 2-, 3-, or 4-segmented club, or gradually incrassate; eye medium sized or rarely consisting of a few ommatidia; promesonotum more or less raised; promesonotal suture absent or weakly present dorsally; metanotal groove usually distinctly impressed, sometimes margined laterally by a longitudinal carina or lamella; propodeal spine usually (but not always) present, varying in size and shape; propodeal spiracle located well posteriorly on posterolateral margin of propodeum, just below base of propodeal spine; petiole depressed dorsoventrally, without node; postpetiole with rounded node which often bears median longitudinal impression, attached to dorsal surface of gaster; gaster in dorsal view triangular or cordate; sting spatulate. Crematogaster is easily distinguished from all other myrmicine genera known from Vietnam by the morphology of the waist and gaster. The worker of species belonging to the subgenus Orthocrema of Crematogaster is a little similar to that of Recurvidris, but in the latter the propodeal spines are weakly to strongly recurved, the propodeal spiracle is located far in front of the base of the propodeal spine, the postpetiole, in dorsal view, is broadly attached to the first gastral segment, and the first gastral segment behind the postpetiole is extremely dorsoventrally compressed in lateral view. Antennal club is 2-segmented in Orthocrema, but 3-segmented in Recurvidris. Vietnamese species. Three species have been described from Vietnam: agniae Karavaiev (type locality: Lien Chieu, Col de Nuage [Hai Van Pass, Hue Province]); brunnea subsp. latipetiolata Karavaiev (type locality: Cau Da); walshi st. bouvardi Santschi (type locality: Lang Bian). Furthermore, thirteen species have been recognized by us from Vietnam: aurita Karavaiev [= sp. eg-13] (Nui Chua); sewardi Forel [= sp. eg-14] (Nam Cat Tien); sp. eg-1 [= C. (Orthocrema) sp. 36 of SKY in Eguchi et al. 2005] (Ba Vi, Chua Yen Tu, Nam Cat Tien, Pu Mat, Sa Pa, Tam Dao, Tay Yen Tu, Van Ban); sp. eg-4 (Chua Yen Tu); sp. eg-6 (Ba Be, Ba Vi, Binh Chau-Phuoc Buu, Chua Yen Tu, Sa Pa, Nui Chua, Pu Mat, Tay Yen Tu); sp. eg-7 (Chua Yen Tu); sp. eg-8 (Ba Be); sp. eg-9 (Ba Be, Tay Ye n T u); sp. eg-10 (Sa Pa); sp. eg-12 (Van Ban); sp. eg-15 (Nam Cat Tien); sp. eg-16 (Nam Cat Tien); sp. eg-17 (Pu Mat). Bionomics. Many species are arboreal foragers, and nest in decayed parts of standing trees and hollows of tree trunks and branches or build carton nests. Some species nest in soil or rotting logs on the ground. Species of the subgenus Orthocrema forage both on and under the ground., Published as part of Eguchi, K., Viet, B. T. & Yamane, S., 2011, Generic synopsis of the Formicidae of Vietnam (Insecta: Hymenoptera), Part I - Myrmicinae and Pseudomyrmicinae., pp. 1-61 in Zootaxa 2878 on page 14

The amblyoponine genus Opamyrma is newly established for a single new species, O. hungvuong, found from central Vietnam. The genus is morphologically very close to the genus Apomyrma known from the Afrotropical region, but is well distinguished from the latter by a combination of the following features in the worker of the former: preoccipital carina complete, almost encircling the head slightly before its posterior margin; clypeus posteriorly margined with a distinct continuous carina; petiole without a distinct anterior peduncle; abdominal segment III longer than IV, V and VI; segment VII longest among the segments III-VII; anteriormost part of abdominal sternite III produced anteriad to the same level as the anteriormost part of the tergite III; abdominal segment IV with differentiated presternite. The new genus is tentatively assigned to the subfamily Amblyoponinae.