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Oxyscelio nullicarina Mo & Chen, sp. n. http://zoobank.org/ 51A8DF2B-B68D-4EFD-AEFB-60D9F2A2AA8C Figures 3, 8, 219–228 Description. Female. Body length 3.01–3.30 mm (n=6). Radicle color: same color as scape. Scape color: yellowish. A4: broader than long. A5: broader than long. Antennal club in female: formed, segments compact. Interantennal process: not elongate. Median longitudinal elevation in frontal depression: absent. Frontal depression: concave. Frontal depression sculpture: without transverse or oblique carinae below submedian carina. Submedian carina: strong, formed by a sharp raised carina. Submedian carina medially: without peak. Concavity across dorsal part of frontal depression: absent. Depression extending ventrally from median ocellus: absent. Upper frons: hood-like. Malar area near antennal foramen: without carina or expansion. Malar area at mouth corner: with radiating striae. Smooth strip along posterior side of malar sulcus: absent or not consistently broad. Middle genal carina: absent. Major sculpture of gena anteriorly: rugose; umbilicate-punctate. Major sculpture of gena posteriorly: absent; umbilicate-punctate. Microsculpture of gena anteroventrally: absent. Microsculpture of gena posteroventrally: absent. Median carina extending posteriorly from hyperoccipital carina: present. Hyperoccipital carina: complete, continuous with anterior genal carina. Lateral connection between hyperoccipital and occipital carinae: absent. Area between vertex and occipital carina: irregularly rugose. Occipital carina medially: uniformly rounded. Lateral corners of occipital carina: not protruding. Lateral pronotal area: without bulge projecting towards anterior pit. Epomial corner: weak. Netrion surface anteriorly: not inflected. Mesoscutum anteriorly: steep. Mesoscutal median carina: present and complete. Longitudinal carina between median carina and notauli: absent. Major sculpture of medial mesoscutum anteriorly: umbilicate-punctate; rugose. Major sculpture of medial mesoscutum posteriorly: umbilicate-punctate; transversely rugose. Microsculpture of medial mesoscutum anteriorly: granulate. Microsculpture of medial mesoscutum posteriorly: absent. Major sculpture of mesoscutellum: umbilicate-foveate; longitudinally rugose. Microsculpture of mesoscutellum medially: absent. Microsculpture of mesoscutellum laterally: absent. Mesoscutellar apex: convex or straight. Setae along anterior limit of femoral depression: arising from rows of foveae. Number of carinae crossing speculum above femoral depression: 3. Number of carinae crossing femoral depression: more than 5. Mesepimeral sulcus pits: more than 5. Metascutellum dorsally: concave. Metascutellar sculpture dorsally: with scattered rugae. Median carina of metascutellum: absent. Metascutellar setae: with many dorsal setae. Metascutellar apex: weakly emarginate. Metapleuron above ventral metapleural area: crossed by carinae. Metasomal depression setae: absent. Lateral propodeal carinae anteromedially: strongly diverging. Anterior areoles of metasomal depression: absent. Anterior longitudinal carinae in metasomal depression: absent. Lateral propodeal areas: separated medially. Postmarginal vein: present. Fore wing apex: reaching beyond T6. T1 midlobe: with 4 longitudinal carinae. T1: without anterior bulge. T2: with straight longitudinal striae or rugae. T6: broader than long. Apical flange of T6: exposed apically. Metasomal apex: rounded. Major sculpture of T6: umbilicate-punctate. Microsculpture of T6: absent. Male. Body length 3.20–3.43 mm (n=3). A5 tyloid: carina-like, not expanded. A11: longer than broad. Median tooth of frontal depression: absent. Median lobe of T1: with 4 longitudinal carinae. Metasomal apex: with tiny rounded tubercles. Diagnosis. Both sexes: Frons without elevation between antennal foramen and eye. Hyperoccipital carina present, continuous with anterior genal carina. Medial mesoscutum transversely rugose posteriorly. Metascutellum with dorsal setae. Female: A4, A5 broader than long. T1 with 4 longitudinal carinae. Male: A5 carina-like, not expanded. Frontal depression without tooth-like median protrusion dorsally. T1 midlobe with 4 longitudinal carinae. Apex of T7 with tiny rounded tubercles. Oxyscelio nullicarina is similar to O. convergens but can be distinguished by the setose metascutellum, and the broad A4 and A5 of female. Etymology. The name nullicarina refers to the absence of middle genal carina of this species. The epithet is used as a noun in apposition. Material Examined. Holotype, female: CHINA: Zhejiang, Mt. Gutianshan, 29°15’20”N 118°9’18”E, 18.VIII.2003, Zaifu Xu, SCAU 3015454 (deposited in SCAU). Paratypes: (6 females, 3 males) CHINA: 1 female, Zhejiang, Mt. Gutianshan, 29°15’20”N 118°9’18’’E, 18.VIII.2003, Zaifu Xu, SCAU 3018700 (SCAU); 2 females, Guangdong, Mt. Chebaling, 24°43’N 114°14’E, 21–23.VIII.2003, Jingxian Liu, SCAU 3015455, 3018699 (SCAU); 2 males, Hainan, Mt. Jianfengling, 18°41’N 108°49’E, 12–14.VII.2006, Jingxian Liu, SCAU 3015456, 3018708 (SCAU); 1 female, 1 male, Guangdong, Nanling National Nature Reserve, 9–18.VII.2004, Juanjuan Ma, SCAU 20095891, 200905875 (SCAU); 1 female, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, West Lake, 25.VIII.2003, Qiong Wu, SCAU 2011000651; 1 female, Zhejiang, Gutianshan, 3.VII.2005, Min Shi, SCAU 3040395 (SCAU). Comments. Johnson et al. (2013) reported additional distribution records of Oxyscelio ceylonensis (Dodd, 1920) from China. However, when we examined the two yellowish females and one blackish male identified as Oxyscelio ceylonensis (Dodd, 1920) (deposited in SCAU), it turns out that these three specimens do not match any described species. Based on additional material collected from Zhejiang, Guangdong and Hainan, we describe them as a new species here., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on pages 298-301, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285, {"references":["Johnson, N. F., Burks, R. A., Austin, A. & Xu, Z. (2013) Chinese species of egg-parasitoids of the genera Oxyscelio Kieffer, Heptascelio Kieffer and Platyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l., Scelioninae). Biodiversity Data Journal, 1, e 987. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / BDJ. 1. e 987","Dodd, A. P. (1920) Notes on the exotic Proctotrupoidea in the British and Oxford University Museums, with descriptions of new genera and species. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1919, 321 - 382. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1920. tb 00008. x"]}

Oxyscelio mesiodentis Burks http://zoobank.org/ DB58BA09-A681-4F93-8BC4-138E993E54DE Figures 6, 183–188 Oxyscelio mesiodentis Burks, 2013: 15, 26, 185 (original description, keyed, placed in cuculli species group). Material Examined. Other material: (1 female) CHINA: 1 female, Hainan, Mt. Diaoluoshan, 18°39’N 109°53’E, 28–30.V.2007, Jingxian Liu, SCAU 3018688 (SCAU). Note. This species is newly recorded from China, Hainan Province., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on page 291, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285

Oxyscelio flabelli Burks http://zoobank.org/ 8AB217B0-511B-432F-BD59-E6B267AC1C9D Figures 101–106 Oxyscelio flabelli Burks, 2013: 18, 23, 123 (original description, keyed, placed in ogive species group). Material Examined. Other material:(1 female) CHINA: 1 female, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Jinghong, 22°00.761’N 100°247’E, 31.VII.2003, Jingxian Liu, SCAU 3040600 (SCAU). Note. This species is newly recorded from China, Yunnan Province., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on page 275, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285

Oxyscelio perpensus Kononova http://zoobank.org/ 8323BFBD-BFC7-4DA7-9C8A-767CECA029EC Figures 241–246 Oxyscelio perpensum Kononova: Kononova and Fursov 2007: 104 (description); Kononova and Fursov 2007: 63 (original description). Oxyscelio perpensus Kononova: Kononova and Kozlov 2008: 190, 192 (description, keyed). Material Examined. Other material: CHINA: 1 female, Zhejiang, Tianmushan, Xianrending, 30°20.56’N 119°26.03’E, 25–29.VII.2011, sweeping, Huayan Chen, SCAU 2011000072 (SCAU). Comments. Johnson et al. (2013) reported a male specimen (SCAU 2011000072) from Zhejiang, but it is a female (see Figures 241–246). Therefore, the male of this species is still unknown., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on pages 304-305, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285, {"references":["Kononova, S. V. & Fursov, V. N. (2007) A review of the genera Calotelea, Calliscelio, and Oxyscelio (Scelioninae, Scelionidae, Proctotrupoidea) from the Palaearctic fauna. Entomological Review, 87, 92 - 105.","Kononova, S. V. & Kozlov, V. N. (2008) [Scelionids of the Palearctic (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae). Subfamily Scelioninae]. Tovarishchestvo Nauchnykh Izdanii KMK, Saint Petersburg, 489 pp.","Johnson, N. F., Burks, R. A., Austin, A. & Xu, Z. (2013) Chinese species of egg-parasitoids of the genera Oxyscelio Kieffer, Heptascelio Kieffer and Platyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l., Scelioninae). Biodiversity Data Journal, 1, e 987. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / BDJ. 1. e 987"]}

Oxyscelio nasolabii Burks http://zoobank.org/ 2F28C6E0-F926-4350-966C-EB8B4344D118 Figures 13–14, 209–214 Oxyscelio nasolabii Burks, 2013: 17, 26, 193 (original description, keyed, placed in foveatus species group). Material Examined. Other material: CHINA: 1 female, Zhejiang, Mt. Qingliangfeng, 30°04’N 118°52’E, 11.VIII.2005, Min Shi, SCAU 3013726 (SCAU). Note. This species is newly recorded from China, Zhejiang Province., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on page 296, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285

Oxyscelio cordis Burks http://zoobank.org/ ED24C4B5-414C-4D6A-8713-14766B7DDB19 Figures 11–12, 53–62 Oxyscelio cordis Burks, 2013: 14, 21, 87 (original description, keyed, placed in crateris species group); Johnson et al. 2013: 13 (new distribution record for China). Material Examined. Other material: (1 female, 1 male) CHINA: 1 female, Yunnan, Yingjiang, Tongbiguan, 17. V.2009, Manman Wang, SCAU 200901544 (SCAU); 1 male, Yunnan, Yingjiang, Tongbiguan, 16. V.2009, Manman Wang, SCAU 200906462 (SCAU). Comments. This species was originally described based on a singleton female (Burks et al. 2013a). Here we record the male: Body length 3.98 mm (n=1); A5 tyloid: carina-like, not expanded; A11: longer than broad; Median tooth of frontal depression: absent; Median lobe of T1: with 4 longitudinal carinae; Metasomal apex: with acuminate lateral corners., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on page 265, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285, {"references":["Johnson, N. F., Burks, R. A., Austin, A. & Xu, Z. (2013) Chinese species of egg-parasitoids of the genera Oxyscelio Kieffer, Heptascelio Kieffer and Platyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l., Scelioninae). Biodiversity Data Journal, 1, e 987. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / BDJ. 1. e 987","Burks, R. A., Masner, L., Johnson, N. F. & Austin, A. (2013 a) Systematics of the parasitic wasp genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l.), Part I: Indo-Malayan and Palearctic fauna. ZooKeys, 292, 1 - 263. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 292.3867"]}

Oxyscelio ogive Burks http://zoobank.org/ 61291DA0-66FC-45B8-882D-7BA0CF9F6620 Figures 9, 229–234 Oxyscelio ogive Burks, 2013: 18, 26, 205 (original description, keyed, placed in ogive species group). Material Examined. Other material: (2 females) CHINA: 1 female, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Menghai, Bulangshan Village, 1610m, Area D, grass, 21°44.761’N 100°26’E, 20.VI–20.VII.2018, Li Ma, SCAU 3040662 (SYSBM); 1 female, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Menghai, Bulangshan Village, 1683m, Area A, grass, 21°45.037’N 100°26.715’E, 17.V–21. VI.2018, MT, Li Ma, SCAU 3040668 (SYSBM). Note. This species is newly recorded from China, Yunnan Province., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on page 301, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285

Oxyscelio planocarinae Burks http://zoobank.org/ D919CE92-E6BA-4359-819D-8827A2C504E7 Figures 247–252 Oxyscelio planocarinae Burks, 2013: 27, 214 (original description, keyed); Johnson et al. 2013: 1 (new distribution record for China). Material Examined. Other material: CHINA: 1 female, Zhejiang, Mt. Qingliangfeng, 30°04’N 118°52’E, 12.VIII.2005, Hongying Zhang, SCAU 3013725 (SCAU). Comments. Johnson et al (2013) reported this spcies from China in the abstract of their paper but without listing out this species in the text. We found one specimen (collected from Zhejiang) identified as O. planocarinae by NF Johnson in the collection at SCAU., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on pages 305-306, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285, {"references":["Johnson, N. F., Burks, R. A., Austin, A. & Xu, Z. (2013) Chinese species of egg-parasitoids of the genera Oxyscelio Kieffer, Heptascelio Kieffer and Platyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l., Scelioninae). Biodiversity Data Journal, 1, e 987. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / BDJ. 1. e 987"]}

Oxyscelio labis Burks http://zoobank.org/ 7014AC65-912B-468C-8065-B739BA288373 Figures 173–178 Oxyscelio labis Burks, 2013: 18, 24, 166 (original description, keyed, placed in ogive species group). Material Examined. Other material: CHINA: 1 female, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Menghai, Bulangshan Village, 1595m, Area D, forest, MT, 21°44.761’N 100°25.959’E, 20.VI–20.VII.2018, Li Ma, SCAU 3040638 (SYSBM). Note. This species is newly recorded from China, Yunnan Province., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on page 289, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285

Oxyscelio florus Kononova http://zoobank.org/ 6836FE9A-1218-4498-B609-A99CA8539908 Figures 107–116 Oxyscelio florum Kononova: Kononova & Fursov, 2007: 103 (description); Kononova & Fursov, 2007: 62 (original description). Oxyscelio florus Kononova: Kononova & Kozlov, 2008: 190, 191 (description, keyed); Burks, Masner, Johnson & Austin, 2013: 16, 23, 129 (description, keyed, type information, distribution, placed in florus species group); Johnson et al. 2013: 25 (new distribution record for China). Material Examined. Other material: (16 females, 11 males) CHINA: 1 female, Guangdong, Mt. Chebaling, 24°43’N 114°14’E, 23–28.VII.2008, Zaifu Xu, SCAU 3013723 (SCAU); 1 male, Zhejiang, Mt. Qingliangfeng, 30°04’N 118°52’E, 09.VIII.2005, Min Shi, SCAU 3013724 (SCAU); 1 female, Guangdong, Mt. Chebaling, 24°43’N 114°14’E, 16–21.VII.2008, Zaifu Xu, SCAU 3015401 (SCAU); 1 female, Zhejiang, Mt. Fengyangshan, 29°53’50”N 119°9’32”E, 30.VII.2007, Pingyi Wang, SCAU 3015402 (SCAU); 1 male, Guangdong, Mt. Nankunshan, 23°37.287’N 113°51.267’E, 14.VII.2003, Zaifu Xu, SCAU 3015403 (SCAU); 11 femals, 1 male, Hunan, Mangshan Nature Reserve, 24°56’N 112°69’E, 13.VIII.2010, Huayan Chen, SCAU 3015400, 3015404–3015414; 3 males, Zhejiang, Mt. Baishanzu, 25°45’N 119°12’E, 15.VIII.2003, Jingxian Liu, SCAU 3015415–3015416, 3018694 (SCAU); 2 females, 4 males, Guangdong, Nanling Nature Reserve, 24°54’N 113°00’E, 16–21.VII.2008, Zaifu Xu, SCAU 3015417–3015422 (SCAU); 1 male, Guangdong, Mt. Chebaling, 24°43’N 114°14’E, 23–28.VII.2008, Zaifu Xu SCAU 3015423., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on pages 276-277, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285, {"references":["Kononova, S. V. & Fursov, V. N. (2007) A review of the genera Calotelea, Calliscelio, and Oxyscelio (Scelioninae, Scelionidae, Proctotrupoidea) from the Palaearctic fauna. Entomological Review, 87, 92 - 105.","Kononova, S. V. & Kozlov, V. N. (2008) [Scelionids of the Palearctic (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae). Subfamily Scelioninae]. Tovarishchestvo Nauchnykh Izdanii KMK, Saint Petersburg, 489 pp.","Johnson, N. F., Burks, R. A., Austin, A. & Xu, Z. (2013) Chinese species of egg-parasitoids of the genera Oxyscelio Kieffer, Heptascelio Kieffer and Platyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l., Scelioninae). Biodiversity Data Journal, 1, e 987. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / BDJ. 1. e 987"]}

Oxyscelio jaune Burks http://zoobank.org/ B957AAA8-C08A-48C5-9065-843936BFD8C5 Figures 137–142 Oxyscelio jaune Burks, 2013: 15, 24, 25, 156 (original description, keyed, placed in florus species group). Material Examined. Other material: (1 female) CHINA: 1 female, Guangdong, Nanling Nature Reserve, 24°54’N 113°00’E, 16–21.VII.2008, Zaifu Xu, SCAU 3018682 (SCAU). Note. This species is newly recorded from China, Guangdong Province., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on page 282, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285

Oxyscelio arcus Burks http://zoobank.org/ B65A97D2-C8D7-46D9-9C4F-7B0EB305EBA2 Figures 21–26 Oxyscelio arcus Burks, 2013: 15, 19, 44 (original description, keyed, placed in cuculli species group). Material Examined. Other material: (1 female) CHINA: 1 female, Fujian, Minqing, Huangzhulin, 26°12’N 118°51’E, 15.VII.2005, Jingxian Liu, SCAU 3018690 (SCAU). Note. This species is newly recorded from China, Fujian Province., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on page 258, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285

Oxyscelio dermatoglyphes Burks http://zoobank.org/ BF3D2E8D-3434-4B3B-88AA-70122522496D Figures 83–86 Oxyscelio dermatoglyphes Burks, 2013: 16, 22, 113 (original description, keyed, placed in florus species group); Johnson et al. 2013: 19 (new distribution record for China). Material Examined. Other material: (1 male) CHINA: 1 male, Zhejiang, Tianmushan, Xianrending, 30°20.56’N 119°26.03’E, 25–29.VII.2011, sweeping, Chen Huayan, SCAU 201100082 (SCAU)., Published as part of Mo, Wen-Hui, Chen, Hua-Yan, Johnson, Norman F., Pang, Hong, Ma, Li & Liu, Jing-Xian, 2020, Revision of the genus Oxyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae) from China, pp. 251-310 in Zootaxa 4816 (3) on page 271, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4816.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3954285, {"references":["Johnson, N. F., Burks, R. A., Austin, A. & Xu, Z. (2013) Chinese species of egg-parasitoids of the genera Oxyscelio Kieffer, Heptascelio Kieffer and Platyscelio Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l., Scelioninae). Biodiversity Data Journal, 1, e 987. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / BDJ. 1. e 987"]}

Seltmann, Katja C., Cobb, Neil S., Gall, Lawrence F., Bartlett, Charles R., Basham, M. Anne, Betancourt, Isabelle, Bills, Christy, Brandt, Benjamin, Brown, Richard L., Bundy, Charles, Caterino, Michael S., Chapman, Caitlin, Cognato, Anthony, Colby, Julia, Cook, Stephen P., Daly, Kathryn M., Dyer, Lee A., Gelhaus, Nico M. Franz Jon K., Grinter, Christopher C., Harp, Charles E., Hawkins, Rachel L., Heydon, Steve L., Hill, Geena M., Huber, Stacey, Johnson, Norman, Kawahara, Akito Y., Kimsey, Lynn S., Kondratieff, Boris C., Krell, Frank-Thorsten, Leblanc, Luc, Lee, Sangmi (2017): LepNet: The Lepidoptera of North America Network. Zootaxa 4247 (1): 73-77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4247.1.10

The first checklist of genera of Hymenoptera from Espírito Santo state, Brazil is presented. A total of 973 genera of Hymenoptera is listed, of which 555 (57%) are recorded for the first time from this state. Ichneumonoidea and Chalcidoidea are the two superfamilies with the most genera, 241 and 203 respectively. Braconidae, with 141 genera, are the richest family. The first checklist of genera of Hymenoptera from Espírito Santo state, Brazil is presented. A total of 973 genera of Hymenoptera is listed, of which 555 (57%) are recorded for the first time from this state. Ichneumonoidea and Chalcidoidea are the two superfamilies with the most genera, 241 and 203 respectively. Braconidae, with 141 genera, are the richest family. Fil: Azevedo, Celso O.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; Brasil Fil: Molin, Ana Dal. Texas A&M University; Estados Unidos Fil: Penteado-Dias, Angelica. Universidade Federal do São Carlos; Brasil Fil: Macedo, Antonio C. C.. Secretaria do Meio Ambiente do Estado de São Paulo; Brasil Fil: Rodriguez-V, Beatriz. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; México Fil: Dias, Bianca Z. K.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; Brasil Fil: Waichert, Cecilia. State University of Utah; Estados Unidos Fil: Aquino, Daniel Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Entomología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Smith, David. Smithsonian Institution; Estados Unidos Fil: Shimbori, Eduardo M.. Universidade Federal do São Carlos; Brasil Fil: Noll, Fernando B.. Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho; Brasil Fil: Gibson, Gary. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Canadá Fil: Onody, Helena. Universidade Federal do São Carlos; Brasil Fil: Carpenter, James M.. American Museum of Natural History; Estados Unidos Fil: Lattke, John. Universidad Nacional de Loja; Ecuador Fil: Ramos, Kelli dos S.. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Williams, Kevin. Florida State Collection of Arthropods; Estados Unidos Fil: Masner, Lubomir. Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada; Canadá Fil: Kimsey, Lynn. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Tavares, Marcelo T.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; Brasil Fil: Olmi, Massimo. Università degli Studi della Tuscia; Italia Fil: Buffington, Matthew L.. United States Department of Agriculture; Estados Unidos Fil: Ohl, Michael. Staatliches Museum fur Naturkunde Stuttgart; Alemania Fil: Sharkey, Michael. University of Kentucky; Estados Unidos Fil: Johnson, Norman F.. Ohio State University; Estados Unidos Fil: Kawada, Ricardo. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; Brasil Fil: Gonçalves, Rodrigo B.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; Brasil Fil: Feitosa, Rodrigo. Universidade Federal do Paraná; Brasil Fil: Heydon, Steven. University of California; Estados Unidos Fil: Guerra, Tânia M.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; Brasil Fil: da Silva, Thiago S. R.. Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo; Brasil Fil: Costa, Valmir. Instituto Biológico; Brasil

Singh, Longjam Roni Kumar, Johnson, Norman F., Y, R A M A M U Rt H (2012): New species of the genus Psix Kozlov & Lê (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae). Zootaxa 3530: 35-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282776

3. Psix saccharicola (Mani) (Figures 20���22) Telenomus saccharicola Mani, 1941: 26; Mani & Sharma, 1982: 142. Psix saccharicola (Mani): Johnson & Masner, 1985: 49; Rajmohana, 2006: 106; Rajmohana & Talukdar, 2010: 62. Female: Head and body black, eyes deep brown, radicle dark brown, scape yellow to yellowish-brown, clava deep brown; frons without distinct submedian carinae, width greater than eye height (32.6: 26) (Fig. 21); lateral ocellus separated from eye by distance equal to its longest diameter (OD:OOL = 4.5: 4.5); clava 5 -segmented; scape 5 x as long as wide, 4.5 x as long as radicle; antennal segments in relative proportions (length: width) from scape: 22.5: 4.5, 7: 3.5, 4.5: 3, 3.5: 3.25, 3: 3.25, 2: 3.5, 2.5: 4.5, 3: 6, 3.75: 6.25, 3: 5.75, 5.75: 4.5; netrion distinct, not obscured by pronotal sculpture, narrow, foveolate anteriorly (Fig. 20); anterior declivous portion of mesoscutum smooth; ventral lip of metascutellum smooth (Fig. 22); notaulus absent; postepimeral foveae with 10 impressions; metascutellum weakly protruding; coxae dark brown; relative proportions (length) of postmarginal, marginal, and stigma veins of forewing: 20.6: 5.7: 10. Material Examined. INDIA: New Delhi, Holotype, female, on rectangular card, labelled in black ��� Holotype, Telonomus saccharicola Mani female, C.S. 177, parasite on egg of pentatomid (?) on sugarcane leaf, IARI, New Delhi, coll. M. Ahamad, 10.VIII. 1937 ���; paratype antenna on a slide, labelled, ��� NPC (E), HYM 63, C.S. 177 from egg of pentatomid on sugarcane, Delhi, coll. M. Ahamad, 10.viii. 37 ��� (NPC)., Published as part of Singh, Longjam Roni Kumar, Johnson, Norman F. & Y, R A M A M U Rt H, 2012, New species of the genus Psix Kozlov & L�� (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), pp. 35-42 in Zootaxa 3530 on page 41, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282776, {"references":["Mani, M. S. (1941) Studies on Indian parasitic Hymenoptera. I. Indian Journal of Entomology, 3, 25 - 36.","Mani, M. S. & Sharma, S. K. (1982) Proctotrupoidea (Hymenoptera) from India. A review. Oriental Insects, 16, 135 - 258.","Johnson, N. F. & Masner, L. (1985) Revision of the genus Psix Kozlov & Le (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). Systematic Entomology, 10, 33 - 58.","Rajmohana, K. (2006) Studies on Prototrupoidea and Platygastroidea (Hymenoptera: Insecta) of Kerala. Memoirs of the Zoologicla Survey of India, 21 (1), 1 - 153.","Rajmohana, K. & Talukdar, S. (2010) A new species of Psix Kozlov & Le (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from India. Biosystematica, 4 (2), 57 - 62."]}

1. Psix sunithae sp. nov. (Figures 1���16) Holotype female. Body length: 1.24 mm. Forewing: length 0.98 mm, width 0.38 mm. Hind wing: length 0.86 mm, width 0.18 mm. Body blackish, legs and antenna yellowish, except clava deep brown, radicle dark brown, scape yellowishbrown; eye deep brown; mandible dark to reddish-brown; coxae dark brown, basal half of fore femur brownish and last tarsomere greyish-brown; wings hyaline, veins light brown. Head in dorsal view transverse, 2 x as wide as long (56: 26), in frontal view subtriangular, wider then high (56: 39); lateral ocellus separated by its longest diameter from eyes, not connected by furrow; POL:LOL:OD = 18.5: 10: 4; temple short, only about 0.25 x eye height; occipital carina complete; vertex medially strongly reticulate, with scattered setae; frons with well-developed central keel, distinct submedian carinae, central keel effaced midway between antennal foramina and median ocellus; scrobes not delimited by carinae, frons dorsad of scrobe with 2���3 longitudinal rugae, sculpture effaced near central keel (Fig. 9); area between submedian and orbital carinae with single longitudinal row of setae, setal bases pustulate; frons width> eye height> malar space (31: 26: 15); genal carina parallel to posterior orbits; mandible short, wide, flat, 0.38 x as long as eye height (Fig. 10). Antenna 11 -segmented; clava 5 -segmented; scape 5.6 x as long as wide, 3.1 x as long as radicle; antennal segments in relative proportions (length: width) from scape: 24: 4.25, 7.62: 3.3, 5.75: 2.96, 3.75:3.0, 3.62: 3.25, 3.25: 3.72, 3.5: 4.62, 4.87:6.0, 5.25: 6.17, 5.12: 5.87, 6.75: 4.5. Mesosoma slightly wider than long (47: 44), narrower than head; netrion obscured by general sculpture of pronotum; mesoscutum reticulate-rugose throughout, anterior declivous portion of mesoscutum obscurely reticulate-rugulose to smooth anteriorly, with scattered setae, setal bases pustulate (Fig. 11); notaulus absent; disc of mesoscutellum rounded apically; mesoscutellum with same sculpture as mesoscutum, but reticulations comparatively smaller on mesoscutum (Fig. 13); metascutellum weakly protruding; ventral lip of metascutellum coarsely areolate-rugose (Fig. 12); fore and middle coxae contiguous, intercoxal space occluded; acetabular field, anteroventral portion of mesepisternum setose (Fig. 14); mesopleural carina flanked by foveae both posteriorly and anteriorly; postepimeral foveae with 5���6 impressions dorsally; course of metapleural carina indicated by line of foveae; forewing exceeding tip of metasoma in flexed position; postmarginal vein 3.35 x as long as marginal vein (Fig. 4); proportions (length) of postmarginal, marginal, and stigmal veins: 19.25: 5.75: 10.75. Metasoma longer than its greatest width (62: 46); T 1 trapezoidal, usually with one pair of sublateral setae; T 2 longitudinally striate in basal half, feebly striate in posterior half; interstices inbetween striae on T 2 interrupted with impressions; apex of T 2 weakly punctulate (Fig. 15); T 3 ���T 5 transverse, punctulate; lateral sulci on S 2 broadly separated posteriorly; setal fields well developed (Fig. 16); area between sulci with setigerous punctures on posterior half of sulci. Diagnosis. Psix sunithae sp. nov. closely resembles P. a s p e r Johnson & Masner and P. fusus Johnson & Masner, but differs from them in the following features: central keel distinctly reaching median ocellus (vs. not reaching median ocellus in P. f u s u s), genal carina parallel to posterior orbit (vs. carina curved towards eye in P. fusus), netrion obscured by specialized structure (vs netrion distinct, not obscured by sculpture of pronotum, narrow in P. a s p e r and broad in P. f u s u s), notaulus absent (vs. notaulus present in P. as p e r), T 1 usually with one pair of sublateral setae (vs. 1���2 pairs of sublateral setae on T 1 in P. a s p e r and no sublateral setae in P. fu s u s), and posterior half of T 2 with longitudinal striation feeble (vs. T 2 longitudinally rugulose in P. a s p e r and longitudinally striate in P. f u s u s). It also resembles Psix lacunatus Johnson & Masner, in the absence of netrion, notauli, and presence of welldeveloped submedian carinae, T 1 with one pair of sublateral setae; it differs from it in having the frons width greater than the eye height (vs. less than eye height in P. lacunatus), ventral lip of metascutellum coarsely areolaterugose (vs. punctate), and with the area between the central keel and submedian carinae dorsally longitudinally rugose, the sculpture not reaching the keel (vs. transversely rugose, rugae dorsally reaching central keel). Material Examined. Holotype female: INDIA: Andhra Pradesh, Hyderabad, Herbal garden, 5.VI. 2010, from coreid eggs, laid on the leaf of nux vomica (Strychnos nux-vomica Linnaeus), coll. P. Sunitha; Paratypes: 4 females, one female mounted in two slides; antenna and legs in one slide and wings on another slide and one female on SEM stub with wings on slide, data same as of holotype. Etymology. Named after the collector of the specimens P. Sunitha, Scientist, APHU, Venkataramannagudem, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh. Biology. Collected from eggs (Figure 17) of coreid bugs (Heteroptera: Coreidae) infesting Strychnos nuxvomica (Loganiaceae) at Herbal garden, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India., Published as part of Singh, Longjam Roni Kumar, Johnson, Norman F. & Y, R A M A M U Rt H, 2012, New species of the genus Psix Kozlov & L�� (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), pp. 35-42 in Zootaxa 3530 on pages 36-39, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282776

Key to genera of Monomachidae 1. Female brachypterous or micropterous (Figs. 4, 10); male with radial cell of fore wing open apically (Figs. 7, 9, 13); clypeus longest medially, ventral margin broadly rounded to sinuate; mandible bidentate, teeth rounded to acute, subequal in size; basignath fusiform; m-cu intersecting Cu basad of Cu 1 b.................................................. Chasca – Female macropterous; male, with the exception of one species (M. paulus Musetti & Johnson), with radial cell of fore wing closed; if radial cell open, then ventral margin of clypeus with two small, submedian teeth; mandible with a large, truncate posterior tooth; basignath quadrate and m-cu intersecting Cu at Cu 1 b...................................... Monomachus

Chasca Johnson & Musetti, new genus urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0DD 25 D 3 C- 48 C 2-40 BC-A 599 - 2 DC 850 EE0AB 7 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 276540 Figures 4���15 Type species: Chasca andina Johnson & Musetti, n.sp. Description. Female. Length: 6.6���8.7 mm. Head in frontal view quadrate; head width across gena subequal to width across compound eyes; frons moderately convex; antennal insertions raised, forming modest raised ledge between eyes, divided medially by depressed area; inner margins of eyes weakly diverging ventrally; malar area posterior to malar sulcus mostly smooth, with few setigerous punctures, anterior to sulcus punctate; malar sulcus well-defined; apical margin of clypeus without teeth or lobes, longest medially; ocelli in small medial triangle, OOL> POL; vertex sculpture variable; occipital carina complete, reaching hypostomal carina ventrally; hypostoma narrow, weakly sclerotized; antenna flagelliform, 15 -merous, inserted far above clypeus; flagellomeres covered with short bristles, longer fine hairs sparsely distributed; A 2 short, length approximately 2 times width, A 3���15 elongate, uniform in width; mandible relatively narrow, longer than wide, bidentate apically, teeth broadly acute; distignath weakly convex, not swollen basally; basal margin of distignath not expanded; basignath small, broadly fusiform. Mesosoma: pronotal sculpture variable, produced anteriorly into distinct neck, transition between neck and collar marked by transverse carina; mesoscutum smooth, sparsely setose; notaulus present, arcuate, smooth; parapsidal furrow present; axilla smooth, sparsely setose, separated from disc of mesoscutellum by crenate furrow; mesoscutellar pit variable in shape, not crenulate anteriorly; central disk of scutellum quadrate, slightly longer than wide, posterior margin with single transverse row of subapical punctures; mesoscutellum largely smooth, with few scattered punctures; metascutellum (dorsellum) bulging, subquadrate; metapostnotum with pair of rounded posterior projections; mesopleuron punctate anteriorly, setose anteriorly and ventrally, with wide, smooth, nearly glabrous area adjacent to mesopleural sulcus; mesepisternal groove indicated by foveate line; scrobal groove indicated by transverse foveate line; mespisternum finely punctate, setose, protuberant ventrally; discrimen indicated by deep foveate longitudinal line of inflection, widened posteriorly to form small fusiform pit anterior to mid coxae, margin of pit strongly produced into fingerlike projections; metapleuron distinctly separated from propodeum by line of foveae, densely setose, coarsely sculptured; propodeum elongate, bulging dorsally, coarsely sculptured, setose throughout, with weak median longitudinal carina in anterior half; anterior margin of propodeum with pair of teeth opposite metapostnotal projections; fore and hind wings strongly reduced, brachypterous or micropterous; tibial spur formula 1-2 - 2; hind tibia without distinct scar at position of subgenual organ, distinctly, though weakly expanded in distal two-thirds; all tarsi 5 -segmented, basitarsus longest tarsomere on all legs; pretarsal claws simple. Metasoma: petiole moderately long (in comparison with many species of Monomachus), robust, weakly to moderately bowed; segment 2 subequal in length to segment 3, only slightly widened apically; segments 2���5 as wide as high, not strongly compressed laterally; terga, sterna strongly sclerotized, loosely connected, lateral margins of terga surrounding sterna; ovipositor apparently minute, not visible externally; cercus platelike. Male. Very similar to typical Monomachus; length of body 5.0��� 7.5 mm; fore wing length 3.9���5.8 mm; antenna 14 -merous; fore wing with radial cell open apically (Fig. 9); base of m-cu srongly displaced basad of bifurcation of Cu 1 b; cercus digitiform. Etymology. The generic name refers to Chasca, the Incan goddess of dawn and dusk. The grammatical gender of the name should be considered as feminine. Diagnosis. Females of Chasca are immediately distinguishable from all Monomachus by their shortened wings. Males are separable from most Monomachus by the open radial cell in the fore wing. This character is shared with M. paulus, a species from Argentina. Chasca may be distinguished from this species by the rounded to sinuate ventral margin of the clypeus that lacks the small submedial teeth of M. paulus; the subequal, rounded to acute pair of mandibular teeth; and the small fusiform basignath. These differences may be summarized as follows, Published as part of Johnson, Norman F. & Musetti, Luciana, 2012, Genera of the parasitoid wasp family Monomachidae (Hymenoptera: Diaprioidea), pp. 31-41 in Zootaxa 3188 on pages 34-36, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211047

Chasca gravis Musetti & Johnson, new species urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D 9 D 54 C0F-0E 42 - 4 CF 3-9 A07- 3067 C 115 B 25 A urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 276542 Figures 10���15; Morphbank 11 Description. Body length of female: 7.8 mm (n= 1). Body length of male: 5.6���7.5 mm (n= 12). Fore wing length of male: 4.5���5.8 mm (n= 12). Body color of female: dark brown throughout. Sculpture of female vertex: smooth. Frontoclypeal suture of female: weakly indicated, nearly obsolete. Ventral margin of clypeus: sinuate, longest medially. Tyloid of male antenna: forming raised keel, highest apically (Fig. 15). Sculpture of female pronotum: smooth (Fig. 11). Length of notaulus: abbreviated posteriorly, distinctly separated from transscutal articulation (Fig. 11). Posterior separation of notauli: distinctly separated by distance subequal to 3 x width of notaulus. Shape of mesoscutellar pit: transversely oval. Sculpture of female mesopleural depression: smooth (Fig. 12). Length of female fore wing: short, but distinct, extending posteriorly to propodeum (Figs. 10���12). Length of female hind wing: short, but distinct, extending posteriorly to propodeum. Diagnosis. The female of Chasca gravis may be distinguished by the short, but clearly developed wings extending posteriorly to the propodeum, the dark brown color of the body, and the smooth vertex and pronotum. Males may be recognized by the strongly raised, knifelike tyloids on the basal flagellomeres. Etymology. The adjective gravis, meaning heavy in Latin, refers to the generally robust habitus of the female of this species. Link to Distribution Map. [http://hol.osu.edu/map-full.html?id= 276542] Material Examined. Holotype, female: PERU: Cuzco, Urubamba, 7.II��� 9.II. 1968, A. Garcia & C. Porter, OSUC 19234 (deposited in MCZC). Paratypes: PERU: 346 males, OSUC 116694 (AEIC); OSUC 117107, 19235��� 19477, 19479, 19486 ���19513, 19517��� 19578 (MCZC); OSUC 19478, 19480���19485, 19514��� 19516 (OSUC). http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 579882 Comments. This species is only recorded so far from the region around Cuzco, Peru at an elevation of more than 3000 m. Only a single female is known, but, in contrast, over 300 males have been collected. The difference is undoubtedly due to the different biological imperatives of the two sexes, the males searching widely for females, and the females searching for hosts, probably in the litter or soil. Biogeography of Monomachidae. Interpretation of Fig. 1 in the context of the biogeographic history of the family must be tempered by acknowledging the weakness of the available anatomical characters for inferring phylogenetic relationships. However, Chasca consistently emerges as the most basal clade followed by the the Australian/New Guinea species, and these followed by the flowering of Neotropical Monomachus. It is tempting to interpret this as a transantarctic distribution generated by vicariance of the southern continents. However, C. gravis is found well north of the Atacama Desert, and M. porteri is widespread in Chile, both facts muddying that simple hypothesis. An alternative hypothesis, that the current biogeographic pattern represents an ancestral widespread distribution disrupted by subsequent extinction may appear less parsimonious, but should not be rejected out of hand because there are many examples of putatively ���southern��� taxa that also occur as inclusions in Baltic amber e.g., the proctotrupoid genus Peradenia (Johnson et al. 2001). The vicariance hypothesis could be strengthened by additional evidence supporting the monophyly of the Australia /New Guinea species, most likely using sequence data., Published as part of Johnson, Norman F. & Musetti, Luciana, 2012, Genera of the parasitoid wasp family Monomachidae (Hymenoptera: Diaprioidea), pp. 31-41 in Zootaxa 3188 on pages 37-38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211047, {"references":["Johnson, N. F., Musetti, L. & Janzen, J. - W. (2001) A new fossil species of the Australian endemic genus Peradenia Naumann & Masner (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea, Peradeniidae) from Baltic amber. Insect Systematics & Evolution, 32, 191 - 194."]}

Chasca andina Musetti & Johnson, new species urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EF0EB 399 -FF 7 D- 43 CF-A 451 -E 6471 F 2 A 229 C urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 276541 Figures 4���9; Morphbank 10 http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 579899 Description. Body length of female: 6.6���8.7 mm (n= 8). Body length of male: 5.0��� 6.8 mm (n= 21). Fore wing length of male: 3.9���4.8 mm (n= 17). Body color of female: head, mesosoma light brown to reddish brown, metasoma brown. Sculpture of female vertex: irregularly punctate (Fig. 5). Frontoclypeal suture of female: deeply impressed. Ventral margin of clypeus: weakly, evenly convex. Tyloid of male antenna: indicated by longer, suberect seta near base of antennomere. Sculpture of female pronotum: irregularly rugulose. Length of notaulus: percurrent (Fig. 5). Posterior separation of notauli: closely approximated, separated by distance subequal to width of notaulus (Fig. 5). Shape of mesoscutellar pit: semicircular. Sculpture of female mesopleural depression: irregularly rugulose punctate (Fig. 6). Length of female fore wing: minute, not surpassing posterior margin of mesoscutellum (Figs. 4���6). Length of female hind wing: minute, not surpassing posterior margin of metanotum. Diagnosis. Chasca andina may be distinguished in the female sex by the extremely reduced wings, the reddish color of the head and mesosoma, and the coarse sculpture of the vertex and pronotum. Males may be distinguished from C. gravis by the absence of raised tyloids on antennomeres 4���7. Etymology. The epithet andina is an adjective referring to the Andes Mountains. Link to Distribution Map. [http://hol.osu.edu/map-full.html?id= 276541] Material Examined. Holotype, female: CHILE: B��o-B��o Reg., Concepci��n Prov., Hualp��n Commune, road to Ramuntcho (Ramuncho), 12.IV. 1980, T. Cekalovic, OSUC 18632 (deposited in CNCI). Paratypes: CHILE: 6 females, 22 males, 1 unknown, OSUC 116692 (AEIC); OSUC 117657, 117659��� 117666 (ANIC); OSUC 18622, 18633 (CNCI); OSUC 117241���117255 (FSCA); OSUC 19232���19233 (MCZC). Other material: CHILE: 1 male, OSUC 117658 (ANIC). Comments. This species is known so far only from a small region of approximately 350 km (north to south) in central Chile. It is sympatric here with the more widespread Chilean species Monomachus porteri Br��thes. In contrast to C. gravis, several females have been collected. These vary some 25 % in overall size, suggesting either variation in host species, host size, or the possibility that the parasitoid may at least sometimes be gregarious. The specimen with the identifier OSUC 117658 is broken (head and mesosoma lost) and is therefore not designated as a paratype., Published as part of Johnson, Norman F. & Musetti, Luciana, 2012, Genera of the parasitoid wasp family Monomachidae (Hymenoptera: Diaprioidea), pp. 31-41 in Zootaxa 3188 on pages 36-37, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211047

Trissolcus radjabii Iranipour, n.sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BFC 5 EE07-F 3 BE- 4 D 5 E-A 968 - 2 FEF 4260 EA 54 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 244989 Figures 1���6 3, Published as part of Iranipour, Shahzad & Johnson, Norman F., 2010, Trissolcus radjabii n. sp. (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), an egg parasitoid of the shield bug, Apodiphus amygdali (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) and the sunn pest, Eurygaster integriceps (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae), pp. 65-68 in Zootaxa 2515 on page 66, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.293951

Axea Masner & Johnson, n.gen. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 67 A 4 E007- 110 E- 47 A 7-8 A 4 E- 75360 B 4 D 5861 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 197361 Figures 17–124; Morphbank 21 Dicroscelio (misidentification): Masner, 1976: 7, keyed; Johnson, 1992: catalogued. General habitus. Length: 1.5–3.4 mm. Color pattern variable, xanthic to rufous throughout; bicolored with black head, rufous body; or entirely dark brown. Body generally stocky, squat, head closely attached to http://purl.oclc.org/NET/hymenoptera/Platygastroidea http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id= 471 &view=all http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226922 prothorax; dorsum of head, mesosoma rather flat; head with cheek large, bulging. Body entirely sculptured, head and mesosoma with regular, fine granular-punctate sculpture. Head transverse to subquadrate in dorsal view; hyperoccipital carina absent; occipital carina complete, crenulate, closely approximated to foramen magnum dorsally; lateral ocellus contiguous with inner orbit, OOL very short; eye glabrous or sparsely setose; frons nearly flat, antennal scrobe not developed; inner orbits distinctly diverging ventrally; central keel on frons absent; submedian carina absent; orbital carina absent; frontal depression shallow, unmargined; clypeus very small narrow, subquadrate, height greater than or equal to width, apical margin truncate or weakly emarginate, corners not produced laterally; malar sulcus indicated as fine, sharp carina, strongly arched, running from lower margin of eye to mandibular articulation; gena with carina parallel to malar sulcus; cheek with only short dorsoventral costae arising from anterior mandibular articulation; interantennal prominence moderately produced, torulus opening on anterofrontal surface of prominence; in lateral view malar region broad, strongly expanded below, behind eye; mandible broad, distinctly short, outer surface strongly convex, apex deeply tridentate, teeth subequal in length, acute, apical teeth arranged transversely; palpal formula 3 - 2; radicle inserted parallel to long axis of scape; antenna 12 - merous in both sexes; length of female A 3 subequal to length of A 2; female antennal clava subcylindrical, 6 - merous, A 7 largest claval segment, distinctly larger than A 6, length greater than length of each antennomere A 7 –A 11; A 6, A 5 broadened, clava non-abrupt; claval formula A 7 –A 12 / 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 2 - 1; male antenna with A 5 –A 11 as long as wide, A 5 with tyloid, otherwise not visibly modified. Mesosoma depressed dorsally, height subequal to width, longer than high, longer than wide in dorsal view; transverse pronotal carina absent; pronotal shoulders strongly developed, rounded anteriorly; mesoscutum weakly convex; skaphion absent; admedian lines absent; notaulus present, usually deeply incised, crenulate, usually abbreviate anteriorly; parapsidal line indicated as smooth line; humeral, suprahumeral sulci distinctly crenulate; transscutal articulation deep, crenulate; mesoscutellum semiellipsoidal, weakly convex, unarmed, posterior rim crenulate; metascutellum produced into thick, irregular transverse plate, sometimes with weak notch or protruding medially; propodeum unarmed, in dorsal view reduced and deeply excavate medially, almost vertical between submedian carinae, concealed beneath metascutellum, median propodeal keels strongly diverging diagonally, inner propodeal projection short, truncate, fitting into shallow depression on T 1, outer propodeal corners not projecting; lateral surface of pronotum broadly concave, with row of large foveolae along lower anterior margin; epomial carina not developed; netrion present, broad, closed ventrally, often concealed by sculpture; mesopleuron covered by dense, fine appressed pilosity; mesopleural depression deep; mesopleural carina not developed; mesopleural pit not clearly differentiated from coarse background sculpture; ventral portion of mesepisternum not protruding anteriorly between fore coxae; posterodorsal corner of mesopleuron rounded, epimeral hook absent; metapleuron entirely sculptured, with dense appressed fine pilosity; legs slender, setose, without strong spines; posterior surface of hind coxa smooth, setose; trochantellus present on all legs; tibial spur formula 1 - 1 - 1; macropterous, fore wings variable in length, extending to or beyond T 5, appearing relatively short, broad, marginal cilia minute; fore wing (Fig. 17) with R distant from costal margin, especially from basal vein to origin of r-rs, strongly arched apically toward costal margin, without strong dark bristles, r-rs arising at or basad apex of R 1; basal vein absent; pseudostigma absent; R terminating at costal margin or sometimes short and not attaining margin (i.e., marginalis punctate, postmarginalis absent); r-rs (stigmal vein) arising at or before R reaches costal margin of wing; R 1 (postmarginal vein) usually absent, sometimes weakly indicated as marginal extension of bulbous apex of R; hind wing either with R short, truncate, terminating far from hamuli (Afrotropical species) or complete, extending to hamuli (Oriental species); hind wing with 3 hamuli. Metasoma appearing broadly sessile, moderately short, broad, depressed, with 6 terga, 6 sterna visible externally, homonomously segmented, T 2 –T 3 subequal in length, T 2 slightly the longest; T 1 with anterior carinate margin, sublaterally with shallow depressions, without horn in female, usually longitudinally costate; laterotergites well developed, narrow; T 2 usually longitudinally ruguose; T 3 –T 5 usually punctate; T 6 subtriangular, often longer than T 5, often apically produced into sharp, flat medial bladelike projection, with pair of subapical spines, appearing subtridentate; S 1 laterally compressed, not projecting anteriorly between insertions of hind coxae; S 6 with bladelike margin, i.e., flattened, apically rounded or acute; Scelio - type ovipositor, gonoplacs relatively strongly sclerotized, straight. FIGURES 17–22. 22 Characters of Axea. 17, Axea kalanoro, fore wing, paratype female (CASENT 2042985); 18, A. atai, anterolateral mesosoma, dorsal view, paratype female (OSUC 211601); 19, A. atriceps, posterior mesosoma, dorsal view, female (OSUC 167058); 20, A. yama, posterior mesosoma, dorsal view, holotype female (OSUC 56308); 21, A. yasigi, anterior metasoma, dorsal view, holotype female, (OSUC 211772); 22, A. kilen, anterior metasoma, dorsal view, holotype female, (OSUC 167051). nt, notaulus; pn, pronotum. Scale bars in millimeters. http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226901 Diagnosis. The African and most Malagasy species may be distinguished from other genera with the reduced R in the hind wing (Heptascelio, Nixonia, Oreiscelio, Scelio, Sparasion) by the 1 - 1 - 1 tibial spur formula, the short, broad metascutellum, the lower frons with at most very short and fine striae arising from the mandible, and the unarmed mesoscutellum. The Asian and one Malagasy species, in which the hind wing R extends to the costal margin and hamuli, may be distinguished by the short tridentate mandibles, the armature of T 6, and the punctiform marginal vein. The genus Oxyscelio Kieffer also has the fore wing radial vein (submarginal) remote from the costal margin of the wing, the “punctiform” marginal vein, and the Scelio - type ovipositor. Axea may be distinguished by the granular to punctate microsculpture, in Oxyscelio usually coarsely rugulose to areolate; 3 - 2 palpal formula, Oxyscelio 4 - 2; the lack of epomial carina; lack of a carina surrounding the antennal scrobe. Oreiscelio is similar to Afrotropical Axea in having similar fore wing venation, a reduced R in the hind wing and 12 -merous male antenna. Axea is distinguished by the reduction of the medial portion of the pronotum such that there is no dorsal component, tridentate mandibles, expanded cheeks, and posteriorly rounded scutellum. Type. Axea dorothae Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. Etymology. The name Axea is an arbitrary combination of letters, inspired by an Ontario license plate. The name is to be treated as feminine gender. Link to Distribution Map. 23 Axea is found throughout the Old World tropics (excluding Australia), in continental Africa from Guinea-Bissau east to Somalia and south to South Africa; in Asia from Yemen, India, and Southeast Asia east to the Philippines and Sulawesi. Comments. Axea is similar to genera of the tribe Scelionini s.str. in that it has the so-called punctiform marginal vein, that is, the stigmal vein (r-rs) arises from R before the latter merges with the costal margin of the fore wing, and many species have the radial vein in the hind wing vestigial. Both of these character states are shared also with other scelionine genera. For example, the punctiform marginalis is found also in Oxyscelio Kieffer and Chromoteleia Ashmead; and the abbreviate hind wing radius is characteristic in Sparasion Latreille, Sceliomorpha Ashmead and Nixonia Masner. The discovery that the three Asian and a Malagasy species have the hind wing radius completely developed is inconsistent with the placement of Axea within Scelionini. This group of species does not appear to be closely related to any other genus in the subfamily; details of its relationships are currently part of a larger combined morphological and molecular analysis of platygastroid phylogeny. Therefore, we are proposing a new genus for this group.

Axea yama Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0AEC 50 AE- 9 FEC- 4 D 14 -A 55 C- 835 CA 5 EAB 4 E 2 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 223467 Figures 20, 101 – 106; Morphbank 61 FIGURES 101–106. 62 Axea yama, holotype female (OSUC 56308). 101, dorsal habitus; 102, lateral habitus; 103, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 104, mesosoma, lateral view; 105, head, anterior view; 106. apex of metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters. http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226876 http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226915 General (Figs. 101,102): Female body length: 2.0 mm (n= 1). Male body length: unknown. Head: Color of female head: black. Mandible color: mostly yellow to amber or orange yellow. Body color of male: unknown. Lateral ocellus position: touching compound eye. Pilosity of medial frons between anterior ocellus and apex of torular triangle: absent, a small patch without setae clearly visible. Sculpture of medial glabrous area of frons: present, with horizontal to slightly arcuate striae or, if patch minute, then irregularly rugulose (Fig. 105). Mesosoma (Figs. 103, 104): Color of female mesosoma: yellow to amber or orange yellow. Dorsal surface of lateral pronotal area adjacent to mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: with uniform microsculpture only. Setae on netrion: absent. Notaulus: indicated by a row of pits. Metascutellum: projecting, broadly bilobed. Mesopleural depression sculpture: mostly transversely rugulose, larger fovea absent. Pilosity bounding anterior margin of posterior mesepimeral area: completely absent, or partially present dorsally. Legs: Coxae color: yellow (as in remainder of leg). Color of legs beyond coxae: uniformly yellow, without infuscations. Wings: Length of fore wing: not or just reaching posterior margin of metasoma, surpassing posterior margin of metasoma. Hind wing submarginal vein: tubular from wing base to hamuli. Metasoma: Color of female metasoma: yellow to amber or orange yellow. Longitudinal sculpture of T 1: carinate, parallel to subparallel, interspersed with fine rugulose sculpture. Female T 1 horn: absent, sculpture more or less uniform throughout T 1. Anterior strip of T 2: nitid. Female T 6 width to length ratio: wider than long (striplike). Female T 6 carinate basal extension of lateral spine: absent. T 6 /S 6 apical curvature: absent, sclerites more or less linear in lateral view. T 6 posterolateral margin: without short spine or carinate expansion absent or apparently so (Fig. 106). S 6 shape at tip: broadly rounded to very slightly angular, without obvious lobe. Diagnosis. Differs from other species in which the hind wing submarginal vein is present by the presence of a bilobed metascutellum (Fig. 20). Etymology. The specific epithet is a reference to the Hindu god of death. Link to Distribution Map. 63 Material Examined. Holotype female: INDIA: Uttar Pradesh St., 5 km W Lucknow, 24.IX. 1986, OSUC 56308 (deposited in OSUC).

Neuroscelio orientalis Masner & Valerio, new species urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D 755 A 250 - 60 F 2-479 A-AB 5 F-B 8 C 3 C 411 FF 84 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 245135 Figures 19 ���25, 30; Morphbank 11 Description. Female: Body length: 1.37 mm. Body color: head, mesosoma (except mesoscutellum) dark brown; mesoscutellum, metasoma generally lighter brown, T 6 ���T 7 conspicuously more yellowish, anterior edges of T 1 and S 1 as dark as mesosoma; coxae honey yellow, remainder of legs light yellow; A 1 ���A 5 yellow, A 6 ���A 12 slightly darker. Head wider (0.44 mm) than long (0.28 mm); width of clypeus subequal to distance between outer margins of toruli (0.11: 0.12); head coriaceous, except scrobe with transverse fine costae which bend towards malar space laterally; central keel very weakly developed; IOS:EH = 0.29: 0.19; LOL:POL:OOL = 0.04: 0.10: 0.08; OD = 0.05; vertex without large setigerous punctures; gena weakly coriaceous; occipital carina crenulate medially; mandible bidentate, teeth elongate, acute, lower tooth clearly longer than upper; antennal clava (Figs. 19, 25) massive, thick, not much elongated; radicle short; A 1 when antenna flexed surpassing vertex; antennal 10. http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id= 244588 11. http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 465309 segments in the following proportions of length to width, A 1 = 0.28: 0.05, A 2 = 0.11: 0.40, A 3 = 0.06: 0.40, A 4 = 0.04: 0.40, A 5 = 0.05: 0.50, A 6 = 0.06: 0.09, A 7 = 0.05: 0.10, A 8 = 0.05: 0.10, A 9 = 0.04: 0.09, A 10 = 0.04: 0.09, A 11 = 0.06: 0.08, A 12 = 0.05: 0.05. Mesosoma as long (0.44 mm) as wide (0.44 mm); pronotum coriaceous throughout, sculpture less well defined, denser at pronotal shoulders; mesoscutum wider (0.38 mm) than long (0.25 mm); mesoscutum and mesoscutellum densely coriaceous, no large setigerous punctures visible; notauli present in posterior one-third of mesoscutum, wide, with conspicuous ridges across its length; mesoscutellum wider (0.24 mm) than long (0.13 mm); transscutal articulation with dense well-marked subrectangular foveae which delineate anterior edge of mesoscutellum; metascutellum semicircular, large, posterior edge unarmed, convex; propodeum with short medial anterior triangular spine, in lateral view spine extends posteriorly well into propodeal nucha as median longitudinal carina, posterior edge of propodeum with two submedial depressions, posterolateral corners not conspicuously prominent, nucha short, remainder of propodeum longitudinally costate; upper mesopleuron with few fine longitudinal costae, anterodorsal one-third with few elongated drop-shaped foveae, mesopleural depression smooth, anteroventral half of mesopleuron rugulose, remainder of mesopleuron smooth; metapleuron with weak, coarse foveae, sculpture finer, sparser medially. Fore wing similar to N. nervalis, except for more acute angle at union of M and 1 Rs, M+Cu vein upcurved medially; R, R 1, r-rs, Rs+M and M+Cu infuscate, Rs+M slightly darker; 2 Rs, M not reaching distal wing margin, very slightly infuscate. Hind wing similar to N. storeyi except that the wing is narrower; veins Sc+R and R well infuscate, vein 1 Rs slightly infuscate. Metasoma length greater than width (0.60: 0.43); T 1 wider than long (0.64: 0.30), with well-developed longitudinal costae, posterior margin smooth, median longitudinal area with costae sparser than laterally; T 2 wider than long (0.43: 0.27), with short, fine costae not exceeding basal fourth of length of tergite, otherwise smooth; T 3 ���T 6 strongly transverse, combined length (0.20 mm) slightly less than T 2 length (0.27 mm); T 3 sparsely setose, with one row of setigerous punctures; T 4 ���T 5 each with one row of setae across its width; T 6 ��� T 7 smooth, with sparse setation at posterior margin; T 7 subrectangular, with 2 long setae that curve anteriorly to reach mid length of T 4 (Fig. 30, s); S 1 ���S 2 with few, well-developed, short longitudinal carinae anteriorly, otherwise smooth; S 3 with short and thick ridges at anterior margin, anterior one-third with fine, very weak longitudinal costae, otherwise smooth except for extensive felt fields. Male: unknown. Diagnosis. This species is distinguished by the combination of the equally long costae on T 2 (Fig. 22) and the coriaceous, but unpunctured vertex, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum (Fig. 24). It exhibits a mix of the characters that Galloway et al. (1992) used to distinguish their two unnamed species groups. The unarmed metascutellum, massive clava (Fig. 25 vs. Figs. 13, 26), bidentate mandible with acute, elongate teeth (Fig. 23) and small body size further characterize this species. Additionally, in N. orientalis the mesopleural sculpture and shape differs greatly from the observed sculpture in N. noyesi, N. doddi and N. lagunai n.sp. (Figs. 5, 6, 15 vs. Fig. 21). Etymology. The epithet refers to the Oriental zoogeographical region from which it was collected. Material Examined. Holotype female: VIETNAM: H�� Tĩnh, H����ng S��n, 600 m 18 �� 22 'N 105 �� 13 'E, 7��� 14.IV. 1998, L. Herman, Malaise trap (OSUC 147263). Deposited in AMNH. Link to Distribution Map. 12 Comments. The discovery of N. orientalis in Vietnam is the first record for the genus outside of Australia and expands the known distribution of Neuroscelio into the Oriental region. 12. http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id= 195035, Published as part of Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubom��r, Austin, Andrew D. & Johnson, Norman F., 2009, The genus Neuroscelio Dodd (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l.) reviewed: new species, distributional update, and discussion of relationships, pp. 29-43 in Zootaxa 2306 on pages 34-35, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275396, {"references":["Galloway, I. D., Austin, A. D. & Masner, L. (1992) Revision of the genus Neuroscelio Dodd, primitive scelionids (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from Australia, with a discussion of the ovipositor system of the tribe Gryonini. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 6, 523 - 545. 17"]}

Neuroscelio doddi Galloway, Austin & Masner urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 95 E 5166 B-D 66 A- 4 F 1 C- 8 D 3 E-DFDD 3372 FB 35 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 4938 Figs. 1, 3, 5, 7���12, 26��� 29; Morphbank 7 Neuroscelio doddi Galloway, Austin & Masner, 1992: 533, 537 (original description, female, keyed). Description of male. Body length: 2.26���2.44 mm. Head massive, relatively wider than in female (length: 0.36���0.44 mm; width: 0.80���0.86 mm; height: 0.60���0.63 mm); antennal scrobe very well impressed, short with transversely costate sculpture; antenna short, of 12 segments, not clavate, A 6 ���A 11 subquadrate, A 12 more elongate; frons setose, lower half with dense, 7. http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 465312 weak, rugulose sculpture, otherwise covered with dense colliculate sculpture as well as clypeus and lower gena, areas next to compound eyes mixed with rugulose sculpture; mandible very wide, with 3 wide teeth, very setose at basal half; clypeus wider, longer, more concave than in female, with conspicuous punctation; gena and occiput smooth, enlarged, gena wider (1.50���1.80 mm) than height of eye (0.24���0.33 mm). Metapleuron with less transversely lineate sculpture than in female, smooth areas clearly evident. Metasoma longer (0.94���1.13 mm) than wide (0.68���0.71 mm); T 1 wider (0.51���0.57 mm) than long (0.30��� 0.35 mm); T 2 wider (0.68���0.71 mm) than long (0.46���0.48 mm); most of T 1 with longitudinal costate sculpture, fewer and more interrupted than in female; T 2 with most of median area smooth, this area increasing in width posteriorly, otherwise with fine longitudinal costae, sculpture less clearly defined than in female, more sinuate, almost rugulose. Material examined. AUSTRALIA: New South Wales, Styx River State Forest, 2.3 km SE Brushwood Road, 29 km SE Wollomombi, 960 m, 19.I��� 2.II. 1994, K. MacGregor, rainforest, flight intercept trap, female (OSUC 147241); West End Thru Road, 24 km SE Wollomombi, 980 m, 15.XII. 1993 ��� 2.I.1994, 3 females (OSUC 147243���147245); Cedar Pit Flora Reserve, 42 km SE Wollomombi, 935 m, 2.I. 1994, female (OSUC 147242) (CNCI). Queensland, Brisbane Forest Park off Mt. Nebo Road, 27 �� 24.05 'S 152 �� 48.11 'E, 13���19.XII. 2002, Eucalyptus forest, Malaise trap, J. George, J. Munro, A. Owen, female, male (OSUC 147260, 147261); Queensland, Mt. Glorious, 27 �� 19 ' 54 "S 152 �� 45 ' 29 "E, 5���12.XII. 1998, N. Power, Malaise trap, female, male (OSUC 147240, 147259); 8.XI. 1998, female (OSUC 147238); 30.XII. 1998, female (OSUC 147239); 7��� 13.II.1998, 7 females (OSUC 147251 ���147255, 147257, 147258); 29.XI��� 5.XII. 1997, T. Hiller, female (OSUC 147246); 24���30.XI. 1997, T. Hiller, 4 females (OSUC 147247���147250) (CNCI). Kirrama Range, Douglas Creek Road, 800 m, 15.XII. 1986 ��� 11.I. 1987, Monteith, Thompson & Hamlet, flight intercept trap, female (ANIC Database 32 020714) (ANIC). South Australia, Urrbrae, Waite Campus Arboretum, 34 �� 58 '05"S, 138 �� 37 ' 52 "E, 22.XII. 1994 ��� 4.I. 1995, J. Jennings, 2 females (OSUC 263647, 263648) (WINC). Link to Distribution Map. 8 Comments. The two specimens from southeast Queensland are the first males of Neuroscelio to be discovered (Deposited at CNCI). They differ strikingly from the female in the setation and sculpture of the face, the enormous mandibles, and the enlarged head. These features may be specific to N. doddi and not characteristic for males of other species of the genus. Additionally, we report two specimens from South Australia, and several specimens from New South Wales, which extend considerably the distribution of Neuroscelio in Australia. Further, the South Australian specimens indicate that the genus also inhabits seasonally dry Mediterranean habitats compared with the wetter habitats of eastern Australia from where most specimens are recorded. Neuroscelio doddi is the only species represented by any significant number of specimens. Among these, we observed differences in the extent of the longitudinal costae on T 2 and the size of the posteromedial smooth area. The specimens from New South Wales have the longitudinal costae appreciably longer medially than other specimens, so that the smooth field is rather small in area. Additionally, the Styx River specimens have the submedian carinae on T 1 higher and more clearly differentiated from the flanking longitudinal costae. With respect to metasomal morphology, the males (as do females) possess a set of very long setae on the cerci (Fig. 29 vs. Fig. 28), which also occur in N. orientalis n. sp., even though the latter species shows a very different morphology compared with the Australian taxa (i.e. antenna and mandibles) (Fig. 30). 8. http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id= 4938, Published as part of Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubom��r, Austin, Andrew D. & Johnson, Norman F., 2009, The genus Neuroscelio Dodd (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l.) reviewed: new species, distributional update, and discussion of relationships, pp. 29-43 in Zootaxa 2306 on pages 31-32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275396, {"references":["Galloway, I. D., Austin, A. D. & Masner, L. (1992) Revision of the genus Neuroscelio Dodd, primitive scelionids (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) from Australia, with a discussion of the ovipositor system of the tribe Gryonini. Invertebrate Taxonomy, 6, 523 - 545. 17"]}

Axea atriceps (Kieffer), n.comb. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AA 2 D 132 F-0BBF- 4 A 36 -B 64 A- 3 CE 44 ACC000C urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 234167 Figures 19, 35��� 46; Morphbank 30 Anteris atriceps Kieffer, 1913 a: 428. Original description, preoccupied by Paratrimorus atriceps Kieffer (1910); Kelner-Pillault, 1958: 149 (type information); Masner, 1976: 41 (description, taxonomic position). Psilanteris atriceps: Kieffer, 1916: 177 (generic transfer); Kieffer, 1926: 433, 434 (description, keyed). General (Figs. 35, 36): Female body length: 1.5���2.6 mm (n= 14). Male body length: 1.5 mm (n= 1). Head: Color of female head: black. Mandible color: mostly yellow to amber or orange yellow. Body color of male: yellow laterally and ventrally, darkening to light brown to brown dorsally. Lateral ocellus position: touching compound eye. Pilosity of medial frons between anterior ocellus and apex of torular triangle: present. Sculpture of medial glabrous area of frons: inapplicable, glabrous patch absent (Fig. 39). Mesosoma (Figs. 37, 38): Color of female mesosoma: yellow to amber or orange yellow. Dorsal surface of lateral pronotal area adjacent to mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: with uniform microsculpture only, or with conspicuous crenulations or scrobes. Setae on netrion: absent. Notaulus: indicated by a row of pits. Metascutellum: projecting, particularly medially where it comes to a truncated point or projecting, truncated throughout, roughly rectangular. Mesopleural depression sculpture: upper half more or less nitid, lower rugulose (smaller individuals) to irregularly foveate (larger individuals). Pilosity bounding anterior margin of posterior mesepimeral area: completely absent, or partially present dorsally. Legs: Coxae color: yellow (as in remainder of leg). Color of legs beyond coxae: uniformly yellow, without infuscations. Wings: Length of fore wing: not http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id= 223470 http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226858 FIGURES 35���40.31 Axea atriceps (Kieffer) (OSUC 167059). 35, dorsal habitus; 36, lateral habitus; 37, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 38, head and mesosoma, lateral view; 39, head, anterior view; 40, apex of metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters. or just reaching posterior margin of metasoma or surpassing posterior margin of metasoma. Hind wing submarginal vein: tubular from wing base to hamuli. Metasoma: Color of female metasoma: yellow to amber or orange yellow. Longitudinal sculpture of T 1: carinate, parallel to subparallel, interspersed with fine rugulose sculpture. Female T 1 horn: absent, sculpture more or less uniform throughout T 1. Anterior strip of T 2: nitid. Female T 6 width to length ratio: wider than long (striplike). Female T 6 carinate basal extension of http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226904 lateral spine: absent. T 6 /S 6 apical curvature: absent, sclerites more or less linear in lateral view. T 6 posterolateral margin: without short spine or carinate expansion absent or apparently so (Fig. 40). S 6 shape at tip: broadly rounded to very slightly angular, without obvious lobe. FIGURES 41���46.32 Axea atriceps (Kieffer), holotype female. 41, dorsal habitus; 42, lateral habitus; 43, mesosoma, dorsal view; 44, mesosoma, lateral view; 45, head, anterior view; 46, apex of metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters. Diagnosis. Differs from other species in which the hind wing submarginal vein is present by the bluntly pointed metascutellum (Fig. 19). http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226905 Link to Distribution Map. 33 Comments. Axea atriceps has a relatively broad distribution throughout Southeast Asia. Though there is noticeable size variation we were unable to discern corroborating characters which might suggest the existence of more than one species. The species is remarkably similar to the new species described here from India, A. yama. If variation in the form of the metascutellum is ultimately observed then the distinction between A. atriceps and A. yama should be revisited. Material Examined. Holotype female (Figs. 41���46): PHILIPPINE ISLANDS: Los Ba��os, Baker (deposited in MNHN). Additional material: 21 females, 3 males. INDONESIA: 11 females, 1 male, OSUC 167050, OSUC 167055, OSUC 167058, OSUC 211691���211697, (CNCI); OSUC 244014 (ROME), OSUC 148626 (WINC). MALAYSIA: 2 females, OSUC 167053 (CNCI); OSUC 148625, (WINC). THAILAND: 6 females, 2 males, OSUC 167054, OSUC 167056, OSUC 167057, OSUC 211606, OSUC 214393 (CNCI); OSUC 235271, OSUC 244012, OSUC 244013 (OSUC). VIETNAM: 2 females, OSUC 167052 (CNCI); OSUC 167059 (ROME)., Published as part of Yoder, Matthew J., Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubom��r & Johnson, Norman F., 2009, Identity and synonymy of Dicroscelio Kieffer and description of Axea, a new genus from tropical Africa and Asia (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Platygastridae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 2003 on pages 17-20, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274672

Axea eshu Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0827C 1 B 1 -D 9 C 6 - 4 CBC-BAD 1-673 B 2 E 1 AD 6 EA urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 223462 Figures 53���58; Morphbank 38 General (Figs. 53, 54): Male body length: 1.8 mm (n= 2). Head: Color of female head: unknown. Mandible color: mostly yellow to amber or orange yellow. Body color of male: dark brown to black. Lateral ocellus position: distant from compound eye (Fig. 58). Pilosity of medial frons between anterior ocellus and apex of torular triangle: absent, a small patch without setae clearly visible. Sculpture of medial glabrous area of frons: present, with horizontal to slightly arcuate striae or, if patch minute, then irregularly rugulose (Fig. 57). Mesosoma (Figs. 55, 56): Color of female mesosoma: unknown. Dorsal surface of lateral pronotal area adjacent to mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: with uniform microsculpture only. Setae on netrion: absent. Notaulus: indicated by a row of pits. Metascutellum: projecting, more or less truncate, but with a narrow medial notch. Mesopleural depression sculpture: mostly transversely rugulose, larger fovea absent. Pilosity bounding anterior margin of posterior mesepimeral area: present along full length of margin. Legs: Coxae color: yellow (as in remainder of leg). Color of legs beyond coxae: uniformly yellow, without infuscations. Wings: Length of fore wing: surpassing posterior margin of metasoma. Hind wing submarginal vein: absent to spectral everywhere but basal stub that is nebulous to tubular. Metasoma: Color of female metasoma: dark brown to nearly black. Longitudinal sculpture of T 1: carinate, parallel to subparallel, interspersed with fine rugulose sculpture. Female T 1 horn: unknown. Anterior strip of T 2: punctate, punctures nearly the length of strip, puncture borders confluent. Female T 6 width to length ratio: unknown. Female T 6 carinate basal extension of lateral spine: unknown. T 6 /S 6 apical curvature: unknown. T 6 posterolateral margin: unknown. S 6 shape at tip: broadly rounded to very slightly angular, without obvious lobe. Diagnosis. Known only from the male sex, but differing from all other known species of Axea by the large gap between the lateral ocellus and the compound eye (Fig. 58). Etymology. Named in reference to the trickster god of the Yoruba people of West Africa. Link to Distribution Map. 39 Material Examined. Holotype male: KENYA: Nairobi Game Park, Nairobi, Nairobi Area, 28.III. 1980, D. Levin, pan trap (deposited in CNCI). Paratype: KENYA: 1 male, OSUC 167070 (CNCI)., Published as part of Yoder, Matthew J., Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubom��r & Johnson, Norman F., 2009, Identity and synonymy of Dicroscelio Kieffer and description of Axea, a new genus from tropical Africa and Asia (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Platygastridae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 2003 on page 23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274672

Axea nommo Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D 595 C 7 E 0-4 AB 3-4897 -B 33 A- 6 B 4532 C 298 CD urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 223471 Figures 89–94; Morphbank 55 General (Figs. 89–90): Female body length: 2.7 –3.0 mm (n= 7). Male body length: unknown. Head: Color of female head: dark brown to nearly black. Mandible color: mostly dark brown to black. Body color of male: unknown. Lateral ocellus position: touching compound eye. Pilosity of medial frons between anterior ocellus and apex of torular triangle: absent, a small patch without setae clearly visible, or present. Sculpture of medial glabrous area of frons: present, with horizontal to slightly arcuate striae or, if patch minute, then irregularly rugulose (Fig. 93). Mesosoma (Figs. 91–92): Color of female mesosoma: dark brown to nearly black. Dorsal surface of lateral pronotal area adjacent to mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: with uniform microsculpture only. Setae on netrion: absent or present. Notaulus: indicated by an uninterrupted channel, with slight irregular http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id= 223460 http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226874 FIGURES 89–94. 56 Axea nommo, paratype female (OSUC 211612). 89, dorsal habitus; 90, lateral habitus; 91, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 92, head and mesosoma, lateral view; 93, head, anterior view; 94, apex of metasoma, dorsal view. lc, lateral carina on T 6. Scale bars in millimeters. sculpture along bottom. Metascutellum: projecting, more or less truncate, but with a narrow medial notch. Mesopleural depression sculpture: mostly transversely rugulose, larger fovea absent. Pilosity bounding anterior margin of posterior mesepimeral area: completely absent, or partially present dorsally. Legs: Coxae color: brown to dark brown (contrasting remainder of leg which is yellow). Color of legs beyond coxae: femur light to dark brown with base and tip lighter, yellowish, remaining yellow. Wings: Length of fore wing: not or just reaching posterior margin of metasoma. Hind wing submarginal vein: absent to spectral everywhere but basal stub that is nebulous to tubular. Metasoma: Color of female metasoma: dark brown to nearly black. Longitudinal sculpture of T 1: carinate, parallel to subparallel, interspersed with fine rugulose sculpture. http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226913 Female T 1 horn: absent, sculpture more or less uniform throughout T 1. Anterior strip of T 2: punctate, punctures nearly the length of strip, puncture borders confluent. Female T 6 width to length ratio: more or less equal in length (subtriangular). Female T 6 carinate basal extension of lateral spine: long, extending past 1 / 2 length of T 6. T 6 /S 6 apical curvature: present, tips flexed outwards in lateral view. T 6 posterolateral margin: without short spine or carinate expansion absent or apparently so or with truncate lateral projection, outer corner of which is rarely slightly spinelike (Fig. 94). S 6 shape at tip: constricted, forming a slight lobe. Diagnosis. Differs from other brown-bodied species, particularly A. mwari, by the well-developed spines of lateral T 6 and the associated carinae which extend beyond one-half the length of T 6. Etymology. Named in reference to an early god of the Dogon people of Mali, Sudan, and Upper Volta. Link to Distribution Map. 57 Material Examined. Holotype female: ZIMBABWE: Harare, XII. 1981, A. Watsham, OSUC 211608 (deposited in CNCI). Paratypes: 6 females. ZIMBABWE: OSUC 211607, OSUC 211609–211613 (CNCI).

Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubomír, Austin, Andrew D., Johnson, Norman F. (2009): The genus Neuroscelio Dodd (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l.) reviewed: new species, distributional update, and discussion of relationships. Zootaxa 2306: 29-43, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275396

Caenoteleia Kieffer Caenoteleia Kieffer, 1926: 266, 550. Original description. Type: Caloteleia elegans Perkins, by monotypy. Keyed. Muesebeck & Walkley (1956): citation of type species; Johnson (1992): catalog of world species. urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 460 1. http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col: 32981 2. http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col: 1010 3. http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col: 1011 4. http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col: 1012 5. http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col: 33823 6. http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col: 1014 7. http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col: 34411 8. http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col: 34413 9. http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col: 34423 10. http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col: 1019 11. http://specimage.osu.edu 12. http://www.morphbank.net There is no indication that Kieffer ever saw any specimens of Caloteleia elegans, and the original description of the species included no illustrations. The decision to erect a new genus seems to have been influenced by the comment of Perkins that the species was remarkable for the petiolate wings. In fact, the wings (Fig. 4), while narrow, are not stalked in the same sense that one finds in families such as the Myrmaridae. The wings of C. elegans are not extraordinary in any sense in comparison to those of most other platygastroids. This species is nothing more than a distinctively colored and sculptured species of the cosmopolitan genus Calliscelio, exactly as suggested by Masner (1976). Thus, after having examined the Perkins material, we feel confident in proposing that Caenoteleia is a junior synonym of Calliscelio, new synonymy., Published as part of Masner, Lubom��r, Johnson, Norman F. & Musetti, Luciana, 2009, Calliscelio elegans (Perkins), a tramp species, and a review of the status of the genus Caenoteleia Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), pp. 59-66 in Zootaxa 2237 on pages 60-61, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275200, {"references":["Kieffer, J. - J. (1926) Scelionidae. Das Tierreich. Vol. 48. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin. 885 pp. 20","Muesebeck, C. F. W. and Walkley, L. M. (1956) Type species of the genera and subgenera of parasitic wasps comprising the superfamily Proctotrupoidea (order Hymenoptera). Proceedings of the U. S. National Museum, 105, 319 - 419 25.","Johnson, N. F. (1992) Catalog of world Proctotrupoidea excluding Platygastridae. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, 51, 1 - 825 18.","Masner, L. (1976) Revisionary notes and keys to world genera of Scelionidae (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 97, 1 - 87 21."]}

Axea talana Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 666 B 735 F-FBA 1-47 D 5-97 DD- 68745 B 7324 F 9 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 223469 Figures 95–100; Morphbank 58 General (Figs. 95, 96): Female body length: 2.2 mm (n= 1). Male body length: unknown. Head: Color of female head: black. Mandible color: mostly dark brown to black. Body color of male: unknown. Lateral ocellus position: touching compound eye. Pilosity of medial frons between anterior ocellus and apex of torular triangle: absent, a small patch without setae clearly visible. Sculpture of medial glabrous area of frons: absent, area more or less smooth throughout (Fig. 99). Mesosoma (Figs. 97, 98): Color of female mesosoma: black. Dorsal surface of lateral pronotal area adjacent to mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: with conspicuous crenulations or scrobes. Setae on netrion: absent. Notaulus: indicated by a row of pits. Metascutellum: projecting, broadly bilobed. Mesopleural depression sculpture: irregularly foveate, fovea frequently somewhat elongate. Pilosity bounding anterior margin of posterior mesepimeral area: present along full length of margin, completely absent, or partially present dorsally. Legs: Coxae color: brown to dark brown (contrasting remainder of leg which is yellow). Color of legs beyond coxae: femur light to dark brown with base and tip lighter, yellowish, remaining yellow. Wings: Length of fore wing: not or just reaching posterior margin of metasoma, surpassing posterior margin of metasoma. Hind wing submarginal vein: absent to spectral everywhere but basal stub that is nebulous to tubular. Metasoma: Color of female metasoma: dark brown to nearly black. Longitudinal sculpture of T 1: carinate, parallel to subparallel, interspersed with fine rugulose sculpture. Female T 1 horn: present, a large nitid area at apex. Anterior strip of T 2: punctulate. Female T 6 width to length ratio: wider than long (striplike). Female T 6 carinate basal extension of lateral spine: absent. T 6 /S 6 apical curvature: absent, sclerites more or less linear in lateral view. T 6 posterolateral margin: without short spine or carinate expansion absent or apparently so (Fig. 100). S 6 shape at tip: broadly rounded to very slightly angular, without obvious lobe. Diagnosis. Differs from all other species by the very strongly developed T 1 horn and the absence of sculpture dorsally on T 1 (Fig. 97). Etymology. The specific epithet is an arbitrary combination of letters. Link to Distribution Map. 59 Material Examined. Holotype female: CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: Sangha-Mbaéré Préf. Écon., Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 03°02.01'N 16 ° 24.57 'E, 510 m, CAR 01-M03, lowland rainforest/marsh http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id= 223471 http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226875 http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id= 223469 clearing, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km (53 °) NE Bayanga, 1–2.V. 2001, Malaise trap, S. van Noort, OSUC 176080 (deposited in SAMC). Paratypes: 1 female. CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: OSUC 244015 (SAMC). FIGURES 95–100. 60 Axea talana, holotype female (OSUC 176080). 95, dorsal habitus; 96, lateral habitus; 97, mesosoma and base of metasoma, dorsal view; 98, mesosoma, lateral view; 99, head, anterior view; 100, apex of metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters. http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226914

Axea mwari Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5 A 2 E 4 DD 8-96 C 9-4175 -A0C 2-9 B 86 D0191713 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 223460 Figures 83���88; Morphbank 52 FIGURES 83���88. 53 Axea mwari, paratype female (OSUC 167048). 83, dorsal habitus; 84, lateral habitus; 85, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 86, head and mesosoma, lateral view; 87, head, anterior view; 88, apex of metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters. http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226870 http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226912 General (Figs. 83, 84): Female body length: 3.3���3.4 mm (n= 5). Male body length: unknown. Head: Color of female head: black. Mandible color: mostly yellow to amber or orange yellow. Body color of male: unknown. Lateral ocellus position: touching compound eye. Pilosity of medial frons between anterior ocellus and apex of torular triangle: absent, a small patch without setae clearly visible. Sculpture of medial glabrous area of frons: present, with horizontal to slightly arcuate striae or, if patch minute, then irregularly rugulose (Fig. 87). Mesosoma (Figs. 85, 86): Color of female mesosoma: black. Dorsal surface of lateral pronotal area adjacent to mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: with conspicuous crenulations or scrobes. Setae on netrion: absent. Notaulus: indicated by an uninterrupted channel, with slight irregular sculpture along bottom. Metascutellum: projecting, more or less truncate, but with a narrow medial notch. Mesopleural depression sculpture: irregularly foveate, majority of fovea not transverse, fovea interspersed with nitid areas, in some individuals some fovea reduced to punctures. Pilosity bounding anterior margin of posterior mesepimeral area: completely absent, or partially present dorsally. Legs: Coxae color: brown to dark brown (contrasting remainder of leg which is yellow). Color of legs beyond coxae: femur light to dark brown with base and tip lighter, yellowish, remaining yellow. Wings: Length of fore wing: not or just reaching posterior margin of metasoma. Hind wing submarginal vein: absent to spectral everywhere but basal stub that is nebulous to tubular. Metasoma: Color of female metasoma: dark brown to nearly black. Longitudinal sculpture of T 1: carinate, parallel to subparallel, interspersed with fine rugulose sculpture. Female T 1 horn: absent, sculpture more or less uniform throughout T 1. Anterior strip of T 2: punctate, punctures nearly the length of strip, puncture borders confluent. Female T 6 width to length ratio: more or less equal in length (subtriangular). Female T 6 carinate basal extension of lateral spine: short, not extending past 1 / 2 length of T 6. T 6 /S 6 apical curvature: present, tips flexed outwards in lateral view. T 6 posterolateral margin: with truncate lateral projection, outer corner of which is rarely slightly spinelike (Fig. 88). S 6 shape at tip: broadly rounded to very slightly angular, without obvious lobe. Diagnosis. Differs from other brown-bodied species by the combination of the strongly developed spines of lateral T 6, short carinae on T 6 (not longer than one-half the length of T 6), brown legs, and glabrous netrion. Etymology. Named in reference to the supreme creator god of Kalanga and Shona mythology. Link to Distribution Map. 54 Material Examined. Holotype female: KENYA: Nyanza Prov., Gemba (Gembe) Hills, 00�� 29.36 'S 34 �� 14.60 'E, 1362 m, dry gallery woodland with Olea europaea cuspidata, 27���29.I. 2005, R. Copeland, OSUC 211698 (deposited in CNCI). Paratypes: 7 females. KENYA: OSUC 16704, OSUC 167075, OSUC 214389 (CNCI); OSUC 167074 (USNM). UGANDA: OSUC 167022, OSUC 214390, OSUC 214396 (CNCI)., Published as part of Yoder, Matthew J., Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubom��r & Johnson, Norman F., 2009, Identity and synonymy of Dicroscelio Kieffer and description of Axea, a new genus from tropical Africa and Asia (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Platygastridae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 2003 on pages 31-32, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274672

Axea atai Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: BFFA 697 D-0724- 46 AE- 9 EC 6-400 CE 22 B 5577 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 223470 Figures 18, 29– 34; Morphbank 27 General (Figs. 29, 30): Female body length: 2.1–2.4 mm (n= 11). Male body length: unknown. Head: Color of female head: black. Mandible color: mostly dark brown to black. Body color of male: unknown. Lateral ocellus position: touching compound eye. Pilosity of medial frons between anterior ocellus and apex of torular triangle: absent, a small patch without setae clearly visible. Sculpture of medial glabrous area of frons: present, with horizontal to slightly arcuate striae or, if patch minute, then irregularly rugulose (Fig. 33). Mesosoma (Figs. 31, 32): Color of female mesosoma: black, or dark brown to nearly black. Dorsal surface of lateral pronotal area adjacent to mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: with conspicuous crenulations or scrobes. http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id= 223463 http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226857 Setae on netrion: absent. Notaulus: indicated by a row of pits. Metascutellum: projecting, broadly bilobed. Mesopleural depression sculpture: irregularly foveate, majority of fovea not transverse, fovea interspersed with nitid areas, in some individuals some fovea reduced to punctures. Pilosity bounding anterior margin of posterior mesepimeral area: present along full length of margin, completely absent, or partially present dorsally. Legs: Coxae color: yellow (as in remainder of leg). Color of legs beyond coxae: uniformly yellow, FIGURES 29–34.28 Axea atai, paratype female (OSUC 211601). 29, dorsal habitus; 30, lateral habitus; 31, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 32, head and mesosoma, lateral view; 33, head, anterior view; 34, apex of metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters. http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226903 without infuscations. Wings: Length of fore wing: not or just reaching posterior margin of metasoma, or surpassing posterior margin of metasoma. Hind wing submarginal vein: absent to spectral everywhere but basal stub that is nebulous to tubular. Metasoma: Color of female metasoma: dark brown to nearly black. Longitudinal sculpture of T 1: carinate, parallel to subparallel, interspersed with fine rugulose sculpture. Female T 1 horn: absent, sculpture more or less uniform throughout T 1. Anterior strip of T 2: punctate, punctures nearly the length of strip, puncture borders confluent. Female T 6 width to length ratio: wider than long (striplike). Female T 6 carinate basal extension of lateral spine: absent. T 6 /S 6 apical curvature: absent, sclerites more or less linear in lateral view. T 6 posterolateral margin: without short spine or carinate expansion absent or apparently so (Fig. 34). S 6 shape at tip: broadly rounded to very slightly angular, without obvious lobe. Diagnosis. Differs from all other species of Axea by the relatively large, shining, and weakly sculptured patch of the frons in combination with the relatively well-developed scrobes of the dorsal surface of lateral pronotal area adjacent the meososcutal suprahumeral sulcus. Etymology. Named in reference to the wife of the god Abassi of the Efik people of Nigeria and Cameroon. Link to Distribution Map. 29 Material Examined. Holotype female. IVORY COAST: Lamto Research Station, 06° 13 'N 05°02'W, 160 km NW Abijan, 1.XI. 1988, J.S. Noyes, Malaise trap, OSUC 211777 (deposited in CNCI). Paratypes: 13 females. CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: OSUC 213809, OSUC 244016 (SAMC). IVORY COAST: OSUC 167043, OSUC 211735, OSUC 211741, OSUC 211762, OSUC 211766, OSUC 211774 (CNCI). NIGERIA: OSUC 211601, OSUC 211602, OSUC 211603, OSUC 211604 (CNCI). UGANDA: OSUC 167035 (CNCI).

Neuroscelio lagunai Valerio & Austin, new species urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D 755 A 250 - 60 F 2-479 A-AB 5 F-B 8 C 3 C 411 FF 84 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 245136 Figure 13���18; Morphbank 9 Description. Female: Body length: 2.85 mm. Body color: head and mesosoma black; legs, fore and mid coxae, A 1, A 2 light yellow; metasoma, A 3 ���A 12, hind coxae dark brownish yellow; mandibular teeth brownish yellow, mandible otherwise yellow. Head wider (0.72 mm) than long (0.34 mm); clypeus (0.18 mm) slightly smaller than distance between outer rim of toruli (0.20 mm); antennal scrobe with transverse, v-shaped, sinuate costae; clypeus, malar space, areas surrounding scrobe coriaceous, setose; eyes with IOS:EH = 0.46: 0.40, LOL:POL:OOL = 0.04: 0.09: 0.18; OD = 0.07; frons, vertex and upper third of gena coriaceous throughout; upper mid half of gena with scattered faint sinuate impressions, remainder of gena smooth except for few scattered setigerous punctures; occipital carina simple dorsally, without sculpture, laterally with small dense crenulation; postgena smooth except for sparse punctate sculpture associated with golden setae; mandible tridentate, broad basally, with setigerous punctures at mid longitudinal area, dorsal tooth very small, round, remaining teeth well defined, acute; radicle short; A 1 when antenna flexed reaching top of vertex but not surpassing it; antennal clava elongate, thick; antennal segments in the following proportion of length to width, A 1 = 0.50: 0.12, A 2 = 0.18: 0.09, A 3 = 0.11: 0.09, A 4 = 0.07: 0.10, A 5 = 0.07: 0.12, A 6 = 0.12: 0.13, A 7 = 0.09: 0.15, A 8 = 0.10: 0.15, A 9 = 0.09: 0.15, A 10 = 0.08: 0.13, A 11 = 0.10: 0.13, A 12 = 0.15: 0.10. Mesosoma longer (1.03 mm) than wide (0.84 mm); pronotum, cervical pronotal area, posterior half of lateral pronotal areas weakly coriaceous, remainder of pronotal lateral areas mostly smooth except for sparse weak longitudinal costae; pronotal shoulders coriaceous; mesoscutum wider (0.78 mm) than long (0.50 mm), covered with golden semi-erect setae and coriaceous sculpture throughout, ratio of length of anterior to posterior margin of median lobe 0.46: 0.22; notaulus straight, very narrow, with few transverse ridges that do not reach upper edge at mid third of its length, otherwise without crenulations; transscutal articulation with large, well demarked foveae delineating anterior edge of mesoscutellum with series of semi-round notches; mesoscutellum wider (0.57 mm) than long (0.43 mm), without broad teeth at mid anterior area, posterior edge with dense, deep crenulations, scattered setigerous punctures at anterior and lateral edges mixed with very faint coarse sculpture, mid area smooth except for sparse shallow punctate sculpture; metanotum and metascutellum with large foveae throughout; metascutellum not conspicuously projecting backwards medially; propodeum dorsally with longitudinal rugulae which sometimes do not reach posterior propodeal edge, lateral area with weak rugose sculpture; posterolateral corners not conspicuously prominent, slightly rounded, nucha well developed; upper mesopleural depression with coarse transverse costate sculpture, otherwise smooth, mesepisternum below femoral depression weakly rugulose; dorsal metapleural area weakly rugulose, ventral metapleural area separated by longitudinal carina, foveate. Fore wing slightly infuscate throughout, similar to N. nervalis, but the pigmented untracheated veins 2 Rs, M, and Cu nearly reaching distal margin of fore wing; all veins nebulous and infuscate except for R, C+R, rrs; r-rs not as darkly infuscate as other veins; M arising from base of wing. Hind wing: slightly infuscate, not as dark as fore wing, venation as in N. storeyi. Metasoma longer (1.12 mm) than wide (0.87 mm); T 1 wider (0.78 mm) than long (0.32 mm), with dense setae laterally, mid anterior half with smooth longitudinal depression, remainder of tergite with welldeveloped cristate sculpture; T 2 wider (0.54 mm) than long (0.78 mm), with well-developed longitudinal costae of approximately the same length throughout anterior three-fourths of its length, sculpture becoming finer posteriorly, lateral areas setose, posterior one-third with few setae at mid-lateral areas; T 3 ���T 6 strongly transverse, combined length (0.37 mm) less than length of T 2 (0.54 mm); T 3 sparsely setose, with two rows of setigerous punctures; T 4 ���T 6 with progressively denser, shorter setae towards T 6; T 7 subtriangular, with 2 9. http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 474169 long setae at anterior lateral areas that reach anteriorly to mid length of T 4; S 1 with few well-developed longitudinal carinae; S 2 with longitudinal costate sculpture which becomes less cristate towards lateral and posterior areas of sternite, longitudinal sculpture extending through four-fifths of length of sternite, anterior edge with pronounced punctures; remainder of metasomal sterna with dense setigerous punctures, without longitudinal carinae. Male: unknown. Diagnosis. This is the only species with the combination of longitudinal costae on T 2 that are equal in length (Fig. 16) and the vertex, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum with fine coriaceous sculpture and fine scattered punctures (Fig. 18). This species is very similar to N. doddi but can be distinguished from it by the equally long costae on T 2, the sparse punctate sculpture on the vertex, the lack of sculpture at the upper mid section of the occipital carina, as well as the lack of coarse punctures on the mesoscutum. Similarly, N. lagunai may be distinguished from N. noyesi in that the vertex and frons are predominantly smooth (Fig. 2), whereas in N. lagunai the vertex is coarsely sculptured. Etymology: This species is dedicated to the memory of Reinaldo Jos�� Laguna Miranda, a close friend of AAV and Jessica Antonia D��az: �����vamos pa���la alegria!��� Link to Distribution Map. 10 Comments: The holotype was collected while sweeping next to the edge of closed wet forest facing the arboretum at the Crommellin Biological Station, Pearl Beach, NSW. This area comprised low vegetation and fallen branches. We also have a second female specimen (OSUC 261686, deposited in CNCI), collected at Garradunga in Far North Queensland, a distance of over 2000 km from the type locality. The T 2 sculpture is very similar in the two specimens, with extensive long subequal longitudinal costae and a narrow smooth transverse strip. However, the two differ in the structure of the propodeum, the distance between the lateral and median ocelli, the shape of the metascutellum, and the sculpture of the mesoscutellum. In view of these differences, the great distance between the two collecting localities, and the minimal number of specimens available we prefer not to formally assign the Queensland specimen to any species until more material is available to assess intra and/or interspecific differences. Material Examined. Holotype female: AUSTRALIA: New South Wales, Pearl Beach, 50 km N Sydney, Crommellin Biological Field Station, 18���24.II. 2008, at edge of forest, 33.5511 ��S 151.2978 ��E, A. Austin, S. Thompson, A. Valerio (OSUC 239227). Deposited at AMS., Published as part of Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubom��r, Austin, Andrew D. & Johnson, Norman F., 2009, The genus Neuroscelio Dodd (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l.) reviewed: new species, distributional update, and discussion of relationships, pp. 29-43 in Zootaxa 2306 on pages 33-34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275396

Key to the world Neuroscelio species: 1 T 2 with costae developed at least basally (Figs. 3, 4, 10, 16, 22); body size variable................................................. 2 ��� T 2 entirely smooth, with no longitudinal costae; body length less than 1.6 mm........................................................ 6 2 Vertex, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum finely coriaceous, with no punctures (Fig. 24); body length less than 1.4 mm; metascutellum unarmed, large................................................................... N. orientalis Masner & Valerio n.sp. ��� Vertex, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum punctate, punctures variable in size (Figs. 1, 2, 18); body length greater than 1.9 mm; metascutellum always armed with medial subtriangular projection...................................................... 3 3 T 2 with costate sculpture longest medially and shortest at sides, lateral margins of tergite smooth; mesoscutum and mesoscutellum mainly smooth except for fine scattered punctures ........ N. stirlingensis Galloway, Austin & Masner ��� T 2 with costate sculpture shortest medially and longest at sides (Fig. 3), or, all costae subequally long (Fig. 16); mesoscutum and mesoscutellum never with sculpture as described above, if punctures present then large and very clearly defined.............................................................................................................................................................. 4 4 Vertex predominantly smooth (Fig. 2); T 2 with longitudinal costae of about the same length but sometimes costae weaker at meson (Fig. 4).................................................................................. N. noyesi Galloway, Austin & Masner ��� Vertex with coriaceous and scattered punctulate sculpture throughout or with large, dense punctures (Fig. 1); length of longitudinal costate sculpture on T 2 variable.......................................................................................................... 5 5 T 2 costae shortest medially, longest at sides, leaving large, smooth area posteromedially (Fig. 3); vertex, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum with large, dense punctures (Fig. 1)........................... N. doddi Galloway, Austin & Masner ��� T 2 costae equally long, reaching almost to posterior margin of tergite, leaving only narrow smooth strip (Fig. 16); vertex, mesoscutum and lateral portions of mesoscutellum with fine coriaceous sculpture and fine scattered punctures (Fig. 18).......................................................................................................... N. lagunai Valerio & Austin n.sp. 6 Propodeum with small but distinct medial tooth; posterodorsal part of mesosoma subhorizontal so that metanotum is clearly visible in dorsal view; antennal club entirely brown............................................................ N. nervalis Dodd ��� Propodeum without medial tooth; posterior margin of mesoscutellum virtually hides metanotum in dorsal view; two apical antennomeres yellow white, remainder brown..................................... N. storeyi Galloway, Austin & Masner, Published as part of Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubom��r, Austin, Andrew D. & Johnson, Norman F., 2009, The genus Neuroscelio Dodd (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae s. l.) reviewed: new species, distributional update, and discussion of relationships, pp. 29-43 in Zootaxa 2306 on page 31, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275396

Axea kilen Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1 E 4 AF 4 D 4-7 F 99 - 46 E 2-9 EB 3 -DA 5 E 981 D 4 EDB urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 223461 Figures 22, 71– 76; Morphbank 45 General (Figs. 71, 72): Female body length: 3.0 mm (n= 1). Male body length: unknown. Head: Color of female head: black. Mandible color: mostly dark brown to black. Body color of male: unknown. Lateral ocellus position: touching compound eye. Pilosity of medial frons between anterior ocellus and apex of torular triangle: absent, a small patch without setae clearly visible. Sculpture of medial glabrous area of frons: present, with horizontal to slightly arcuate striae or, if patch minute, then irregularly rugulose (Fig. 75). Mesosoma (Fig. 73, 74): Color of female mesosoma: yellow to amber or orange yellow. Dorsal surface of lateral pronotal area adjacent to mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: with conspicuous crenulations or scrobes. Setae on netrion: absent. Notaulus: indicated by an uninterrupted channel, with slight irregular sculpture along bottom. Metascutellum: not projecting. Mesopleural depression sculpture: rugose, rugae broad and smooth. http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id= 223432 http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226866 FIGURES 65–70. 46 Axea kalanoro, paratype female (CASENT 2043283). 65, dorsal habitus; 66, lateral habitus; 67, mesosoma, dorsal view; 68, mesosoma, lateral view; 69, head, anterior view; 70, apex of metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters. Pilosity bounding anterior margin of posterior mesepimeral area: completely absent, or partially present dorsally. Legs: Coxae color: yellow (as in remainder of leg). Color of legs beyond coxae: uniformly yellow, without infuscations. Wings: Length of fore wing: surpassing posterior margin of metasoma. Hind wing submarginal vein: tubular from wing base to hamuli. Metasoma: Color of female metasoma: black. Longitudinal sculpture of T 1: consisting of parallel sulci separated by smooth strips. Female T 1 horn: absent, sculpture more or less uniform throughout T 1. Anterior strip of T 2: unknown. Female T 6 width to length http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226909 ratio: more or less equal in length (subtriangular). Female T 6 carinate basal extension of lateral spine: short, not extending past 1 / 2 length of T 6. T 6 /S 6 apical curvature: present, tips flexed outwards in lateral view. T 6 posterolateral margin: with sharp spine (Fig. 76). S 6 shape at tip: broadly rounded to very slightly angular, without obvious lobe. FIGURES 71–76 47. Axea kilen, holotype female (OSUC 167051). 71, dorsal habitus; 72, lateral habitus; 73, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 74, head and mesosoma, lateral view; 75, head, anterior view; 76, apex of metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters. http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226910 Diagnosis. Differs from A. yama and A. atriceps, in which the hind wing submarginal vein is present and tubular, by the presence of a smooth and shining metascutellum (Fig. 73) and the well-impressed longitudinal sculpture of T 1 (Fig. 22). Etymology. The specific epithet is a reference to a magical half-horse half-dragon in a famous Thai fable. Link to Distribution Map. 48 Comments. Most species of Axea are remarkably similar in overall form. Axea kilen is unusual in this regard, with several notable features not observed in other species. These include the smooth and flattened metascutellum (Fig. 73), the deeply impressed longitudinal sculpture of dorsal T 1 (Fig. 22), and the unique color pattern of the body. Material Examined. Holotype female: THAILAND: Chiang Mai Prov., Doi Inthanon National Park, 1700 m, oak forest, 70 km SW Chiang Mai, 27.IV– 3.V. 1990, Malaise trap, B.V. Brown, OSUC 167051 (deposited in CNCI).

Axea dorothae Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 87 EFE 6 EE- 82 DA- 489 F- 84 D 4 -CFA0CF 169 A05 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 223425 Figures 47���52; Morphbank 34 General (Figs. 47, 48): Female body length: 2.0��� 2.3 mm (n= 20). Male body length: unknown. Head: Color of female head: dark brown to nearly black. Mandible color: mostly yellow to amber or orange yellow. Body color of male: unknown. Lateral ocellus position: touching compound eye. Pilosity of medial frons between anterior ocellus and apex of torular triangle: absent, a small patch without setae clearly visible. Sculpture of medial glabrous area of frons: present, with horizontal to slightly arcuate striae or, if patch minute, then irregularly rugulose (Fig. 51). Mesosoma (Figs. 49, 50): Color of female mesosoma: yellow to amber or orange yellow. Dorsal surface of lateral pronotal area adjacent to mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: with conspicuous crenulations or scrobes. Setae on netrion: present. Notaulus: indicated by a row of pits. Metascutellum: projecting, truncated throughout, roughly rectangular. Mesopleural depression sculpture: rugose, rugae broad and smooth. Pilosity bounding anterior margin of posterior mesepimeral area: present along full length of margin. Legs: Coxae color: yellow (as in remainder of leg). Color of legs beyond coxae: uniformly yellow, without infuscations. Wings: Length of fore wing: surpassing posterior margin of metasoma. Hind wing submarginal vein: absent to spectral everywhere but basal stub that is nebulous to tubular. Metasoma: Color of female metasoma: light brown. Longitudinal sculpture of T 1: carinate, parallel to subparallel, interspersed with fine rugulose sculpture. Female T 1 horn: absent, sculpture more or less uniform throughout T 1. Anterior strip of T 2: punctulate. Female T 6 width to length ratio: wider than long (striplike). Female T 6 carinate basal extension of lateral spine: absent. T 6 /S 6 apical curvature: absent, sclerites more or less linear in lateral view or present, tips flexed outwards in lateral view. T 6 posterolateral margin: without short spine or carinate expansion absent or apparently so (Fig. 52). S 6 shape at tip: broadly rounded to very slightly angular, without obvious lobe. Diagnosis. Differs from all other species of Axea by the combination of the extremely reduced or absent spines on lateral T 6, the color pattern of black head, yellow to amber mesosoma and light brown metasoma, and the relatively long fore wings. Etymology. Named in honor of the collector, Dorothy Jackson. Link to Distribution Map. 35 http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id= 234167 http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226859 http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id= 223425 Comments. This species was first recognized and delimited by LM. While A. dorothae is remarkable for the relative length of the fore wing we noted wing length variation in a number of species including A. adro, A. yurugu, A. talana, A. atai, and A. fisherhala. FIGURES 47���52.36 Axea dorothae, paratype female (OSUC 211749). 47, dorsal habitus; 48, lateral habitus; 49, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 50, head and mesosoma, lateral view; 51, head, anterior view; 52, apex of metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters. http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226906 FIGURES 53���58.37 Axea eshu, holotype male (OSUC 167023). 53, dorsal habitus; 54, lateral habitus; 55, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 56, head and mesosoma, lateral view; 57, head, anterior view; 58, lateral ocellus, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters. Material Examined. Holotype female: CAMEROON: Nkoemvom, 02.X. 1979, D. Jackson, Malaise trap, OSUC 211800 (deposited in CNCI). Paratypes: 21 females. CAMEROON: 19 females, OSUC 211800, OSUC 167025, OSUC 211707, OSUC 211708, OSUC 211709, OSUC 211710, OSUC 211711, OSUC 211712, OSUC 211713, OSUC 211737, OSUC 211744, OSUC 211748, OSUC 211749, OSUC 211754, OSUC 211755, OSUC 211768, OSUC 211779, OSUC 211784, OSUC 211785 (CNCI). CENTRAL http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226907 AFRICAN REPUBLIC: 2 females, OSUC 211730, 213980 (SAMC)., Published as part of Yoder, Matthew J., Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubom��r & Johnson, Norman F., 2009, Identity and synonymy of Dicroscelio Kieffer and description of Axea, a new genus from tropical Africa and Asia (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Platygastridae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 2003 on pages 20-22, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274672

Axea zanahary Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 883 E 4 F 43-4717 - 447 F- 952 C- 962488354069 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 223989 Figures 119���124; Morphbank 70 General (Figs. 119, 120): Female body length: 1.9 mm (n= 1). Male body length: unknown. Head: Color of female head: black. Mandible color: mostly dark brown to black. Body color of male: unknown. Lateral ocellus position: touching compound eye. Pilosity of medial frons between anterior ocellus and apex of torular triangle: absent, a small patch without setae clearly visible. Sculpture of medial glabrous area of frons: present, with horizontal to slightly arcuate striae or, if patch minute, then irregularly rugulose (Fig. 123). Mesosoma (Figs. 121, 122): Color of female mesosoma: black. Dorsal surface of lateral pronotal area adjacent to mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: with conspicuous crenulations or scrobes. Setae on netrion: absent. Notaulus: indicated by an uninterrupted channel, with slight irregular sculpture along bottom. Metascutellum: projecting, broadly bilobed. Mesopleural depression sculpture: mostly absent, posterior margin with some transverse crenulation and minute punctures. Pilosity bounding anterior margin of posterior mesepimeral area: completely absent, or partially present dorsally. Legs: Coxae color: yellow (as in remainder of leg), or brown to dark brown (contrasting remainder of leg which is yellow). Color of legs beyond coxae: uniformly yellow, without infuscations. Wings: Length of fore wing: surpassing posterior margin of metasoma. Hind wing submarginal vein: tubular from wing base to hamuli. Metasoma: Color of female metasoma: dark brown to nearly black, or yellow to amber or orange yellow. Longitudinal sculpture of T 1: carinate, parallel to subparallel, interspersed with fine rugulose sculpture. Female T 1 horn: absent, sculpture more or less uniform throughout T 1. Anterior strip of T 2: nitid. Female T 6 width to length ratio: wider than long (striplike). Female T 6 carinate basal extension of lateral spine: absent. T 6 /S 6 apical curvature: absent, sclerites more or less linear in lateral view. T 6 posterolateral margin: without short spine or carinate expansion absent or apparently so (Fig. 124). S 6 shape at tip: broadly rounded to very slightly angular, without obvious lobe. Diagnosis. This single specimen differs from all others by the uniquely colored metasoma in which the margins are dark in contrast to the yellow more central portion (Figs. 119, 124). Etymology. Named in reference to the supreme god of the Malagasy pantheon. Link to Distribution Map. 71 http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226881 http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id= 223989 FIGURES 119���124. 72 Axea zanahary, holotype female (CASENT 2133065). 119, dorsal habitus; 120, lateral habitus; 121, head and mesosoma, dorsal view; 122, head and mesosoma, lateral view; 123, head, frontal view; 124, apex of metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters. Material Examined. Holotype female: MADAGASCAR: Toliara Auto. Prov., Zombitse-Vohibasia National Park, 22 �� 50 ' 36 "S 44 �� 42 ' 36 "E, 770 m, BLF 7505, tropical dry forest, 19.8 km (84 ��) E Sakaraha, 5���9.II. 2003, yellow pan trap, Fisher, Griswold, et al., CASENT 2133065 (deposited in CASC). Paratype: MADAGASCAR: 1 female, CASENT 2136033 (CASC). http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226918, Published as part of Yoder, Matthew J., Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubom��r & Johnson, Norman F., 2009, Identity and synonymy of Dicroscelio Kieffer and description of Axea, a new genus from tropical Africa and Asia (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Platygastridae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 2003 on pages 41-42, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274672

Calliscelio elegans (Perkins), n.comb. Figs. 1���5; Morphbank 13 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 245756 Caloteleia elegans Perkins, 1910: 624. Original description. Caenoteleia elegans: Kieffer, 1926: 550. Generic transfer, description. Description. Female. General: Length: 2.0���2.4 mm (n= 20); body strikingly multicolored (Figs. 1, 4): head, mesosoma, segment 1 of metasoma, legs, A 1, A 3 -A 6 deep orange yellow; anterior one-third of T 2 and basal two-thirds of T 6 yellow; posterior two-thirds of segment 2, segments 3-5 ebony black; apical third of segment 6 darkened; margins of ocelli darkened; A 2 slightly darkened, A 7 lighter in color than following clavomeres; A 8 -A 12 nearly black; apex of mandible darkened; apex of hind femur slightly darkened; wing strikingly banded, with dark bands basally, medially and apically, separated by light bands, wing membrane beyond basal third infuscate in dark bands, hyaline in white bands, setae in dark bands black, in light bands white. Head: head subglobose, moderately transverse; entire head uniformly with dense granular surface sculpture, lacking smooth area immediately dorsad of toruli, with dense semi-appressed golden hair; occipital carina complete medially, finely crenulate; OOL slightly Diagnosis. Within Calliscelio, C. elegans is easily identifiable on the basis of its unique color pattern with the orange-yellow head, mesosoma, T 1, and base of T 2; T 2 (beyond its immediate base) and T 3 ���T 5 black; the banded wings with three darkened and two white bands. Additionally, the granulose sculpture of the head and mesonotum is distinctive. In contrast to most Calliscelio species, the metascutellar plate is extremely narrow and weakly concave medially to accommodate the metasomal horn (Figs. 4, 5). In most other species of Calliscelio, the plate typically extends over the apex of the horn (Fig. 6). Distribution: Widespread, but rare throughout the tropics (Fig. 7), but also with additional specimens collected in northern Mexico and Florida, and also at fairly high elevation (2000 m) in Nepal. Link to distribution map: http://osuc.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id= 245756. Material examined. 60 females: AUSTRALIA: Christmas Island: 4 females, OSUC 256857���256860 (ANIC); Northern Territory: OSUC 256856 (CNCI). BELIZE: 4 females, OSUC 256871���256874 (CNCI). BENIN: 3 females, OSUC 256882���256884 (CNCI). FIJI: 2 females, FBA 015304, OSUC 256864 (BPBM). FRENCH POLYNESIA: 8 females, OSUC 256861���256863 (CNCI); OSUC 256866���256867 (UCDC); UCRC ENT 111562, UCRC ENT 135651���135652 (UCRC). GUAM: 1 female, OSUC 256854 (CNCI). INDIA: 3 females, OSUC 256899���256901 (CNCI). INDONESIA: 4 females, OSUC 256893���256896 (CNCI). IVORY COAST: 2 females, OSUC 256885���256886 (CNCI). MADAGASCAR: 2 females, OSUC 215759, CASENT 2029779 (CASC). MAURITIUS: 1 female, MNNG 0002 (MHNG). MEXICO: 5 females, OSUC 256868���256870 (CNCI); OSUC 248095 (OSUC); OSUC 256875 (USNM). NEPAL: 4 females, OSUC 256890���256892, 256898 (CNCI). NIGERIA: 1 female, OSUC 256881 (CNCI). PUERTO RICO: 2 females, OSUC 256876���256877 (CNCI). SAMOA: 1 female, OSUC 256865 (CNCI). SRI LANKA: 2 females, OSUC 256902���256903 (CNCI). THAILAND: 2 females, OSUC 256897, 256907 (OSUC). UNITED STATES: Florida: 1 female, UCFC 0 079 680 (UCFC); 1 female, OSUC 256875 (USNM); Hawai���i: 1 female, OSUC 256855 (CNCI). VENEZUELA: 2 females, OSUC 256879���256880 (CNCI). YEMEN: 3 females, OSUC 256887���256889 (CNCI). Biology. One specimen is recorded as being collected in roots of sugar cane in Hawai���i. Other less specific habitats vary from possibly natural formations such as tropical dry forest (Madagascar), xeric oak hammock (Florida), edge of swamp (Belize), and forest edge in Dumoga-Bone National Park (Indonesia); to anthropogenic environments such as an agricultural field (Mexico), agricultural experiment station (Puerto Rico), a garden (Moorea), and ���urban habitat��� (Tahiti Nui). Comments. We have now been able to accumulate over 60 specimens of C. elegans, the result of an intensive hunt among hundreds of thousands of specimens over the last 40 years. Its geographic distribution extends far beyond Hawai���i: it is found scattered throughout the tropics and subtropics of the world, between 31 ��N��� 18 ��S, from sea level to over 2000 m in elevation in Nepal. For such a widespread species, it appears to be remarkably rare. The initial collecting record by Albert Koebele, for which he noted that the O���ahu specimens were collected in the roots of sugar cane, suggests to us that C. elegans is a parasitoid of a host associated with this crop. Its wide distribution, therefore, may be the result of widespread sugar cane cultivation around the world. Even though Calliscelio is a diverse, common, and widespread genus, the only published host record for any species (Hill, 1983) is for C. teleogrylli Hill. This species attacks the eggs of Teleogryllus commodus (Walker) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), a pest in pastures that is widespread in the Pacific region. Similarly, we suspect that Calliscelio elegans attacks the eggs of one or more species of Gryllidae associated with sugar cane. No males are among the specimens examined for this study. This may be because the male sex is chromatically different and not so conspicuous. But, in our experience, strong differences in color between sexes are not found in Calliscelio. Among the light-colored species, males are sometimes somewhat darker overall and the dark bands on the fore wings, if present in the female, may be weaker or even absent in the male. But, in general, the two sexes are similar in color. Another explanation for the lack of any male specimens may be that this species is thelytokous. This mode of reproduction is unusual among platygastrids, but certainly not unknown (Austin et al., 2005), and would be advantageous for a species to establish itself in new parts of the world. We note here that a number of platygastrids seem to have extraordinarily broad geographic distributions. Examples include Iphitrachelus lar Haliday, Calliscelio marlattii (Ashmead), Aradophagus fasciatus Ashmead, Opisthacantha mellipes Ashmead and Duta virginiensis (Ashmead). For none of these has the host been identified. Psix tunetanus (Mineo & Szab��) is found in the Mediterranean region of Africa east to Saudi Arabia, and also in both North and South America (Johnson & Masner, 1985). This species is a parasitoid of the eggs of pentatomoids (Hemiptera). Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) has been intentionally introduced around the world to control the pantropical pest Nezara viridula (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). This parasitoid species was originally described from the island of Madeira (Wollaston, 1856), but was also found early on (and described as Telenomus megacephalus Ashmead) in the West Indies in 1894. All of its closest relatives are native to Africa. These observations reinforce our conviction that a global perspective is optimal for taxonomic and systematic studies. Additionally, the number of widespread species of these small to minute parasitoids may be expanding as a result of increased globalization of commerce. If Calliscelio elegans is, through most of its range, an introduced species, then from which part of the world did it originate? Calliscelio teleogrylli Hill is similar in the sculpture of its frons, itself a relatively unusual character for the genus. While this species has been recorded only from New Zealand, its host is widespread, and our sampling of platygastrids in the Pacific region is inadequate to confidently assert that C. teleogrylli is restricted to New Zealand. Another species with the same granular sculpture, as yet undescribed, has been collected in Yemen. Progress toward resolution of this question will require increased sampling around the world and a better understanding of the diversity and interrelationships of species in the genus Calliscelio., Published as part of Masner, Lubom��r, Johnson, Norman F. & Musetti, Luciana, 2009, Calliscelio elegans (Perkins), a tramp species, and a review of the status of the genus Caenoteleia Kieffer (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae), pp. 59-66 in Zootaxa 2237 on pages 61-64, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275200, {"references":["Kieffer, J. - J. (1926) Scelionidae. Das Tierreich. Vol. 48. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin. 885 pp. 20","Hill, R. L. (1983) Two egg parasites (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) of the black field cricket, Teleogryllus commodus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology, 10, 57 - 62 17.","Austin, A. D., Johnson, N. F., and Dowton, M. (2005) Systematics, evolution, and biology of scelionid and platygastrid wasps. Annual Review of Entomology, 50, 553 - 582 15.","Johnson, N. F. and Masner, L. (1985) Revision of the genus Psix Kozlov & Le (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). Systematic Entomology, 10, 33 - 58 19."]}

Axea fisherhala Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C 53 F 9356 -FBFC- 4 B 9 B-BB00- 214 BA 40 E 4 B 7 D urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts: 223468 Figures 59���64; Morphbank 40 General (Figs. 59, 60): Female body length: 2.1���2.4 mm (n= 12). Male body length: 2.1���2.2 mm (n= 9). Head: Color of female head: yellow to amber or orange yellow. Mandible color: mostly dark brown to black. Body color of male: yellow orange to orange laterally and ventrally, darkening to light brown to brown dorsally. Lateral ocellus position: touching compound eye. Pilosity of medial frons between anterior ocellus and apex of torular triangle: absent, a small patch without setae clearly visible, or present. Sculpture of medial glabrous area of frons: present, with horizontal to slightly arcuate striae or, if patch minute, then irregularly http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226860 http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id= 223462 http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226862 rugulose (Fig. 63). Mesosoma (Figs. 61, 62): Color of female mesosoma: orange brown with light to dark brown infuscations. Dorsal surface of lateral pronotal area adjacent to mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: with uniform microsculpture only. Setae on netrion: present. Notaulus: indicated by a row of pits. Metascutellum: projecting, broadly bilobed, or projecting, more or less truncate, but with a narrow medial notch. Mesopleural depression sculpture: irregularly foveate, majority of fovea not transverse, fovea http://www.morphbank.net/?id= 226908 interspersed with nitid areas, in some individuals some fovea reduced to punctures. Pilosity bounding anterior margin of posterior mesepimeral area: present along full length of margin, completely absent, or partially present dorsally. Legs: Coxae color: yellow (as in remainder of leg). Color of legs beyond coxae: uniformly yellow, without infuscations. Wings: Length of fore wing: not or just reaching posterior margin of metasoma, or surpassing posterior margin of metasoma. Hind wing submarginal vein: absent to spectral everywhere but basal stub that is nebulous to tubular. Metasoma (Fig. 64): Color of female metasoma: dark brown to nearly black, or yellow to amber or orange yellow. Longitudinal sculpture of T 1: carinate, parallel to subparallel, interspersed with fine rugulose sculpture. Female T 1 horn: absent, sculpture more or less uniform throughout T 1. Anterior strip of T 2: punctulate. Female T 6 width to length ratio: more or less equal in length (subtriangular). Female T 6 carinate basal extension of lateral spine: short, not extending past 1 / 2 length of T 6. T 6 /S 6 apical curvature: absent, sclerites more or less linear in lateral view. T 6 posterolateral margin: with sharp spine. S 6 shape at tip: broadly rounded to very slightly angular, without obvious lobe. Diagnosis. Differs from all other species with orange or light-colored heads (i.e., not brown or black) by the setose netrion (Fig. 61, n). Etymology. The specific epithet is derived from the names of the two principal collectors of specimens of this species in Madagascar, Brian Fisher and Rin���ha Harin���hala. Link to Distribution Map. 42 Material Examined. Holotype female: MADAGASCAR: Mahajanga Auto. Prov., Ankarafantsika (Ampijoroa) National Park, 16 �� 19.16 'S 46 �� 48.80 'E, 43 m, MA- 25 - 14, deciduous forest, on RN 0 4, 160 km N Maevatanana, 7���14.IX. 2003, Malaise trap, Harin���Hala, CASENT 2042942 (deposited in CASC). Paratypes: 36 females, 34 males. MADAGASCAR: 31 females, 34 males, CASENT 2042638���2042641, CASENT 2042730, CASENT 2042887, CASENT 2042894, CASENT 2042895, CASENT 2042936���2042938, CASENT 2042941, CASENT 2043019, CASENT 2043020, CASENT 2043067, CASENT 2043068, CASENT 2043171���2043177, CASENT 2043179���2043184, CASENT 2043189, CASENT 2043190, CASENT 2043954���2043956, CASENT 2132534���2132537, CASENT 2132539���2132543, CASENT 2132547, CASENT 2132548, CASENT 2132550, CASENT 2132561���2132564, CASENT 2132838, CASENT 2134147, CASENT 2134146, CASENT 2134577, CASENT 8106019, CASENT 8106020, CASENT 8106025���8106033 (CASC, OSUC). MALI: 1 female, OSUC 167066 (CNCI). NIGERIA: 2 females, OSUC 211763, OSUC 211792 (CNCI). ZIMBABWE: 2 females, OSUC 211786, OSUC 211796 (CNCI)., Published as part of Yoder, Matthew J., Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubom��r & Johnson, Norman F., 2009, Identity and synonymy of Dicroscelio Kieffer and description of Axea, a new genus from tropical Africa and Asia (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Platygastridae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 2003 on pages 23-25, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274672

Key to world species of Axea 1 Hind wing with submarginal vein complete, tubular (Asian species)......................................................................... 2 - Hind wing with submarginal vein absent all but basally (Africa, Yemen).................................................................. 4 2 Metascutellum not projecting, smooth and shining (Fig. 73); mesosoma anterior to propodeum orange, metasoma nearly black, concolorous with head (Figs. 71, 72)...................................................... A. kilen Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. - Metascutellum projecting, sculptured (Figs. 19, 20); mesosoma and metasoma concolorous, yellow to orange yellow with head black........................................................................................................................................................... 3 3 Metascutellum bilobed (Fig. 20) (India)..................................................................... A. yama Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. - Metascutellum bluntly pointed medially (Fig. 19) (Southeast Asia).............................................. A. atriceps (Kieffer) 4 Head and mesosoma orange, metasoma black (Figs. 77, 78) (Madagascar)............... A. mena Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. - Color pattern not as above (Figs. 47, 53, 59).............................................................................................................. 5 5 Head and mesosoma black, metasoma medially yellow with lateral areas black for metasomal terga 2���5, T 1 mainly black with a reduced yellow area posteromedially (Figs. 119, 120); legs including coxae yellow (Madagascar; male unknown)................................................................................................................ A. zanahary Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. - Color pattern not as described above........................................................................................................................... 6 6 Lateral ocellus separated from eye margin (Fig. 58; known only from male)............ A. eshu Valerio & Yoder, n.sp. - Lateral ocellus contiguous with eye margin............................................................................................................... 7, Published as part of Yoder, Matthew J., Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubom��r & Johnson, Norman F., 2009, Identity and synonymy of Dicroscelio Kieffer and description of Axea, a new genus from tropical Africa and Asia (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Platygastridae), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 2003 on page 12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274672

Scelio, pulchripennis -group Nixon, 1958 Description. Predominantly moderately sized relative to other species of Scelio, Length 1.78–4.77mm; habitus somewhat flattened in lateral view, vertical distance between dorsal extent of mesonotum and propodeum minimal; body variously colored, orange to black, in some with metallic blue to green color on the head, mesosoma and posterodorsal metanotum; fore legs often lighter colored than mid and hind; sculpture often fine, or faintly impressed, often obliterated in patches; macropterous. Pilosity throughout body of moderate length to elongate, often semi-erect to erect, in most with apices slightly curved, color typically lighter (white to light yellow) on lateral surfaces and on lateral T1–T2 and light golden brown on dorsal surfaces and apical metasoma; pilosity of lower (Fig. 2, lwf) and lateral frons (Fig. 2, laf) sparse to moderate, appressed to semi-decumbent, laterally oriented; pilosity of upper frons (Fig. 3, uf) sparse to moderate, appressed to semi-decumbent, orientation varying, though in nearly all species ventralmost setae laterally oriented, with those near the anterior ocellus and above dorsally oriented (see Comments section in species descriptions for notable exceptions); pilosity of the dorsal head (e.g. Fig. 4) nearly always similar in form and density to that of anterior, with few exceptions (see Comments sections in species descriptions); clypeus (anteclypeus) with three pairs of setae, the medial pair longest (Fig. 5); pilosity immediately adjacent to malar sulcus oriented posteriorly, sharply contrasting with ventrally oriented setae of posterior gena (lateral view); eye glabrous; pilosity of pronotum appressed to semi-decumbent, posterolaterally oriented; netrion always setose; pilosity of the anterior mesoscutum oriented posteriorly, that on the posterior mesoscutum oriented toward midline; pilosity of mesoscutellum frequently sparser medially, often slightly more erect than remaining mesonotal and mesoscutal setae, variously oriented; line of setae along anterior mesopleuron sparse (ventrally) to very dense; dorsal surface of propodeum almost glabrous, with only a small patch in anterolateral corner and a sparse line along posterolateral corner; line of setae along anterior line of metapleuron moderate to dense dorsally, Figures 7 – Ι2 .50 7 Scelio turbidus sp. n., hind femur, tibia, anterior view, female (OSUC 223095) 8 S. antorides Nixon, hind tibia, anterior oblique view, female (OSUC 214234) 9 S. baoli Risbec, anterior metasoma, dorsal view, female (OSUC 214182) Ι0 Scelio parapulchripennis sp. n., anterior metasoma, dorsal view, female (CASENT 2042134) ΙΙ Scelio paranitens sp. n., metasoma, lateral view (OSUC 211472) Ι2 Scelio parapulchripennis sp. n., posterior metasoma, dorsal view (CASENT 2042134). Abbreviations: ht, hind tibia; sam, subapical margin. Scale bars in millimeters. absent to very dense ventrally; T1–T3 more or less glabrous dorsally, sometimes with line of sparse appressed setae along posterior margin of T3; dorsal T4–T6 gradually more densely setose, often with setae gradually more erect posteriorly; T1 laterally with sparse to moderately dense pilosity, line of setae on lateral margin absent to sparsely present, never forming dense linear patch; pilosity of lateral T2–T6 typically somewhat sparse though very dense in a few species, density and form largely following that of remaining body; laterotergites glabrous or with sparse, appressed to semidecumbent short, straight, and narrow light brown setae. Head somewhat quadrate in anterior view, with gena below eye not strongly curved towards mandible (Nixon 1958), and somewhat sharply reflexed towards mandible, narrow in lateral view; claval formula A12–A7:1-2-2-2-2-2; flagellum relatively compact, A3–A4 not particularly elongate, evenly broadening into base of compact clava; male flagellum compact, flagellomeres typically as wide or wider than long; male A5 unmodified; ocelli very small, lateral ocellus separated from margin of eye by a distance roughly equal to its diameter; ventral orbit of eye often with some minute rugulae; malar sulcus always present, sometimes partially obliterated; sculpture surrounding malar sulcus obliterated to absent, rarely with smoother area reduced to a thin strip, usually with some very fine confused rugulae along anteroventral margin of eye; antennal scrobe not developed, confluent with surrounding surface, nearly always with fine transverse striae, uncommonly with confused rugulae; interantennal process not strongly projecting, uniform in shape, without medial armature, toruli (carina of interantennal process) not forked or extended onto antennal scrobe; mandible with lower tooth reduced in size, often blunt and much shorter than upper tooth, rarely completely absent; upper mandibular node absent; basal tooth absent; lateral head smooth with setigerous punctures to more or less reticulate with margins smooth to obliterated, frequently finely umbilicate, density and distribution of sculpture closely paralleling that of remainder of head; genal carina absent; occipital carina percurrent, a sharp narrow carina, clearly concave (sometimes deeply so) near base of mandible. Mesosoma with vertical epomia almost horizontal, never percurrent, obliterated anteriorly, typically present only as a slight branch from the junction of the transverse pronotal carina and the lateral epomial carina; antespiracular patch of pronotum present near posterior extension of lateral epomia, slightly anteroventral to pronotal spiracle, patch a verriculelike bump or small group of appressed to semierect setae; pronotal collar thin and smooth, without even microsculpture; anterior margin of netrion generally poorly delimited, somewhat fused throughout; fore wing typically surpassing anterior margin of T5, without percurrent tubular veins; venation in both sexes reduced, fore wing with submarginal vein more or less obliterated near its curve towards costal margin, never tubular; stigmal vein nebulous; fore wing pseudostigma present but poorly differentiated; hind wing submarginal vein spectral except at base where it is nebulous; female fore wing pictate, always with a basal pigmented spot, a basal fascia, and pigmentation in apex beyond pseudostigma, apical pigmentation typically beginning at stigmal vein, with or without an apical fascia, margin glabrous; male wings hyaline to (rarely) slightly infuscate; mesoscutellum broadly separated from mesoscutum medially; axillulae (lateral node) weakly developed; mesepipleural margin undefined; metascutellum unarmed; propodeum flat, prominently visible in dorsal view, with longitudinal-sinuate (serpentine) sculpture throughout (species with metallic color, e.g., Fig. 60), or sculpture predominantly reticulate (species without metallic color); propodeal projections not developed, corners of propodeum relatively evenly rounded, not bulging laterally (Fig. 60); propodeal nucha smooth, medially divided by extension of the medial carinae of propodeum, in larger individuals some weak additional longitudinal carinae laterad of medial carinae; upper margin of metapleuron posterior to propodeal spiracle strongly sloped, somewhat curved; metapleural depression more or less absent; legs without spines or other obvious armature; hind femur smooth, sparsely setose, with distinct lines of erect setae along antero- and dorsoventral margins. Metasoma in lateral view with terga and sterna more or less symmetrical, weakly convex, or terga evenly arcuate (Fig. 11, most metallic individuals); anterior margin of T1 concave; sculpture of T4–T5 similar in form to that of T3, but typically denser, more compact, finer, less strongly impressed; T6 sculpture variable, degree of impression of sculpture similar to that seen in preceding terga, typically consisting of confused longitudinal striae that curve slightly towards posterolateral margin, number of reticulations variable, interstices more or less smooth to irregularly minutely rough; preapical margin of T6 always semicircular (Fig. 12, sam); sculpture on transition from dorsal to lateral terga often obliterated; felt fields absent, at most with extremely slight differentiation (narrow, as if pinched together) on T2; medial S3–S5, and sometimes S2, with sculpture obliterated to absent, rarely sculpture present; lateral S3–S 5 in most species with longitudinal sculpture, in a few this somewhat reticulate; S6 sculpture variable, often irregularly reticulate, with some longitudinal trend, interstices smooth to minutely rough, sculpture fine to coarse. Diagnosis. Most similar to species in the walkeri group sensu Nixon (1958), both sharing the absence of angular corners of the propodeum, presence of a sharply cascading band of setae behind the propodeal spiracle (lateral view), and the absence of modification of the male A5. Distinguished from species of the walkeri group by the broadly concave clypeus with a slight medial projection, the absence of a basal tooth on the mandible, the strong reduction to absence of the lowermost (posterior/ventral) tooth, the absence of thickened appressed white setae and the relatively flattened habitus with elongate propodeum. Additional diagnostic (but not unique) characters include the presence of pictate wings in females, the evenly rounded, semicircular subapical margin of T6 (Fig. 12, sam), and the more or less completely sculptured lower frons. Around half the known pulchripennis -group species can be further distinguished from Old World species of Scelio by the presence of metallic coloration on the head, mesosoma or dorsal metasoma. Two other groups warrant mention here. An undescribed group (“S”) known from three species from South Africa shares several similar characters. The anteclypeus shares the same general form but is narrower, with the medial point much broader. Species of group “S” also have somewhat narrow, erect pilosity as seen in many pulchripennis - group species, and relatively fine sculpture throughout. However, the setae are more robust (not flattened) than pulchripennis -group species and females do not have pictate fore wings. Scelio fulgidus Crawford, an Australian species, also shares a number of apparent convergences or parallelisms with species of the pulchripennis -group. Specimens of S. fulgidus have the lower mandibular tooth reduced, with the mandible relatively sharply pointed, a somewhat flattened habitus, and numerous obliterated or polished areas. Beyond these striking but superficial similarities they can be diagnosed against pulchripennis -group species by the lack of pictate wings, the shape of S6, and the trapezoidal medial anteclypeus. Distribution. Species of the pulchripennis -group are found throughout Africa (including the Canary Islands), the southern Arabian Peninsula, Turkmenistan, India, Sri Lanka, Nepal and Mongolia. Comments. Based on the available material, females are more commonly collected than males by a ratio of about 4:1. Males of the different species are quite uniform in sculpture, particularly that of the thorax, and have reduced metallic color in those species that have it. Based on external morphology alone, the association of males with conspecific females is difficult. The absence of modifications of the male release and spread structure (A5) and the interspecific convergence of sculptural characters of the mesonotum (in males) complicates this task. Because of the limited material available, males were not dissected, and diagnoses and descriptions pertain to females alone unless otherwise explicitly noted.

Nixonia stygica Johnson & Masner, 2006 Distribution map available at: http://hol.osu.edu/index.html?id=184926 1 female, South Africa, Western Cape, Gamkaberg Nature Reserve, 33��39.941'S 21��53.505'E, 760m, 23.XII.2008 ��� 16.I.2009, S. van Noort, Malaise trap, GB09- SUC1-M01, Succulent Karoo/ Riverine vegetation ecotone, SAM-HYM-P030248, OSUC 256955 (SAMC)., Published as part of van Noort, Simon & Johnson, Norman, 2009, New species of the plesiomorphic genus Nixonia Masner (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea, Platygastridae) from South Africa, pp. 31-51 in ZooKeys 20 (20) on page 48, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.20.112, http://zenodo.org/record/576506, {"references":["Johnson NF, Masner L (2006) Revision of world species of the genus Nixonia Masner (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea, Scelionidae). American Museum Novitates 3518: 1 - 32."]}

Scelio clarkei Yoder, sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 886F90AB-C5B2-41F7-9CF3-C981FE1726CE urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:238050 Figs 25–30; Morphbank 14 Description. Female body length: 3.13–3.35 mm (n=6). Male body length: 3.13– 3.16 mm (n=2). Color of antenna in female: A1–A5 or A6 yellow to light brown, remaining brown. Color of head in female: black with subtle dark green sheen. Color of mesosoma in female: dark brown, dorsally with subtle dark green sheen. Color of coxae in female: brown to dark brown. Color of leg past coxa in female: brown to dark brown. Color of metasoma in female: brown to dark brown. Sculpture of lower frons in female: predominantly transverse to slightly arcuate striae. Sculpture of ventrolateral frons in female: smooth, with some clearly defined fine umbilicate sculpture. Form of malar sulcus in female: not percurrent, with some sections variously obliterated. Sculpture of upper frons of female: rugulose, with dorsoventral trend. Sculpture of dorsal head between and posterior to lateral ocelli in Figures 25 – 30 .53 Scelio clarkei sp. n. (OSUC 211565). 25 Habitus, dorsal view 26 Habitus, lateral view 27 Mesosoma, dorsal view 28 Mesosoma, lateral view 29 Head, anterior view 30 Mesonotum, dorsal view. Abbreviation: nt, notauli. Scale bars in millimeters. female: fine irregular transverse striae. Mandible of female: upper tooth typically developed, lower tooth very short but clearly present, truncate to pointed. Transverse pronotal carina in female: well developed, linear or with extremely slight deviations, contiguous with mesoscutum or interrupted by a single subpolygonal cell, anterior shoulder relatively abruptly transitioned to anterior pronotum. Sculpture of medial mesoscutum in female: anterior patch of transverse striae, remainder rugulose-reticulate, in some specimens this sculpture more or less obliterated throughout. Sculpture of notaular course in female: medial irregular longitudinal carina that is scrobiculate (with transverse branches) to each side. Sculpture of lateral mesoscutum in female: absent, or with obliterated patch that covers at least 1/2 of area. Sculpture of mesoscutellum in female: predominantly smooth, with only scattered setigerous punctures. Sculpture of lateral pronotum in female (excluding interstitial sculpture): with smooth to obliterated patch immediately below lateral epomial carina, otherwise reticulate with few to moderate longitudinal elements. Pronotal verricule in female: base more or less unmodified, with tightly clumped clump of extremely short setae. Pronotal setal patch posteroventral to end of lateral epomial carina in female: sparse (around 2–5) scattered, shorter semidecumbent to erect setae. Sculpture of mesopleural depression in female: surface smooth or with very faint coriaceous (obliterated) sheen, with minute foveae or grooves along posterior margin. Pilosity of anteroventral metapleuron in female: glabrous, or sparsely setose. Dorsal surface of hind tibia in female: typical distribution and moderate length, setae appressed to loosely appressed, more or less straight. Shape of hind femur in female: narrow, dorsal and ventral surfaces relatively symmetrical. Basal pigmented spot of fore wing in female: medially situated, not reaching submarginal vein, faintly reaching hind margin. Basal fascia of fore wing in female: subrectangular, striplike, percurrent from anterior to posterior margin. Apical fascia of fore wing in female: absent, fore wing past marginal vein gradually lighter. Sculpture of dorsal T 1 in female: longitudinally striate, with few to no transverse divisions or reticulations, interstices smooth or with very slight irregular microsculpture. Sculpture of dorsal T 2 in female: fine parallel to slightly reticulate striae with minutely colliculate to transverse sculpture within interstices. Sculpture of anterior T2 through anterior depression in female: percurrent. Sculpture of dorsal T 3 in female: fine parallel to irregular longitudinal striae, with reticulation absent to moderately present. Medial sculpture of T 4 in female: present. Medial sculpture of T 5 in female: obliterated to smooth. Sculpture of T2–T5 curved transition from dorsal to lateral terga in female: obliterated to smooth. Profile of female metasoma in lateral view: dorsal and ventral surfaces more or less evenly convex. Sculpture of lateral T2–T 6 in female: fine irregular striae ventrally, faint coriaceous to obliterated sculpture dorsally. Pilosity of laterotergites in female: present on T1–T2. Diagnosis. Most similar to S. ememeye which shares similarly formed notauli (a single carina, Fig. 30, nt) and a relatively short T1 medially. Diagnosed against all species by the unique pattern of infuscation on the fore wing in which the coloration throughout is more or less absent along the margins. Further diagnosed against all species with metallic coloration by the form of the notauli (Fig. 30, nt) and the transverse striae of the dorsal head. Etymology. First discovered in material from Sri Lanka, the long-time residence of the recently deceased Arthur C. Clarke, a noted science fiction writer. Link to distribution map. [http://osuc.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/maplarge.html?id=238050] Material examined. Holotype female: INDIA: Tamil Nadu St., Coimbatore, 25.IX–1.X.1979, J. S. Noyes, OSUC 238948 (deposited in BMNH). Paratypes: (5 females, 2 males) INDIA: 3 females, 2 males, OSUC 238949–238951 (BMNH); OSUC 59152, 59154 (OSUC). SRI LANKA: 2 females, OSUC 211565–211566 (CNCI). Comments. Remarkable for the pattern of infuscation on the fore wing. The pilosity of the lateral mesosoma is highly reduced relative to most species. T1 is particularly narrow medially. If the ventrally oriented strip of setae of the upper frons (Fig. 29) is not an artifact then this state is unique for all species in the group.

Scelio tria Yoder & Masner, sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C5002E8B-B258-4264-9196-AF973157D1FB urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:238049 Figs 109–114; Morphbank 27 Description. Female body length: 2.84–3.40 mm (n=8). Male body length: 2.62– 3.22 mm (n=20). Color of antenna in female: A1–A3 yellow to light brown, remaining brown. Color of head in female: black. Color of mesosoma in female: dark brown to black. Color of coxae in female: yellow to light brown. Color of leg past coxa in female: yellow to light brown. Color of metasoma in female: brown to dark brown. Sculpture of lower frons in female: predominantly transverse to slightly arcuate striae. Sculpture of ventrolateral frons in female: minutely rugulose to obliterated, sculpture appearing slightly rough, without fine umbilicate sculpture. Form of malar sulcus in female: not percurrent, with some sections variously obliterated. Sculpture of upper frons of female: rugulose, above anterior ocellus smooth to slightly sculpture (shagreened). Sculpture of dorsal head between and posterior to lateral ocelli in female: predominantly obliterated, in some specimens with traces of rugulae medially. Mandible of female: upper tooth typically developed, lower tooth very short but clearly present, truncate to pointed. Transverse pronotal carina in female: absent mesad, transition from dorsal shoul- der to anterior pronotum not sharply delimited but rather slightly curved, if appearing slightly present then either obliterated medially or composed of adjacent subpolygonal sculpture. Sculpture of medial mesoscutum in female: anteriorly with small patch of irregular transverse striae, remaining surface divided by one or two straight carinae along median, sculpture in and surrounding carinae slightly irregular, surface otherwise smooth. Sculpture of notaular course in female: one or two straight longitudinal carinae, surface immediately adjacent carinae irregularly rugulose. Sculpture of lateral mesoscutum in female: absent, or with obliterated patch that covers at least 1/2 of area. Sculpture of mesoscutellum in female: irregularly longitudinally striate, sparsely to moderately reticulate. Sculpture of lateral pronotum in female (excluding interstitial sculpture): with or without slight smooth patch below lateral epomial carina, otherwise loosely longitudinally carinate, with very few to no reticulate elements. Pronotal verricule in female: apparently absent, or base more or less unmodified, with tightly clumped clump of short to moderately elongate setae. Pronotal setal patch posteroventral to end of lateral epomial carina in female: dense (around 5 to many) small patch of appressed to slightly semi-decumbent setae. Sculpture of mesopleural depression in female: anterior 1/3 to 1/2 smooth, posterior longitudinally striate, with few to no reticulations. Pilosity of anteroventral metapleuron in female: dense patch of semidecumbent to erect setae. Dorsal surface of hind tibia in female: sparse, elongate, erect and slightly curved. Shape of hind femur in female: narrow, dorsal and ventral surfaces relatively symmetrical. Basal pigmented spot of fore wing in female: percurrent from submarginal vein to posterior margin, striplike (a band), divided only by hyaline course of M+Cu. Basal fascia of fore wing in female: subrectangular, strip-like, percur- rent from anterior to posterior margin. Apical fascia of fore wing in female: broad, hyaline, percurrent from anterior to posterior fore wing margin, apex of fore wing past fascia only slightly darker. Sculpture of dorsal T 1 in female: longitudinally striate, with few to no transverse divisions or reticulations, interstices smooth or with very slight irregular microsculpture. Sculpture of dorsal T 2 in female: fine parallel to slightly reticulate striae with minutely colliculate to transverse sculpture within interstices. Sculpture of anterior T2 through anterior depression in female: interrupted with by a smooth strip, majority of sculpture Figures Ι09 – ΙΙ4 .67 Scelio tria sp. n. (OSUC 235074). Ι09 Habitus, dorsal view ΙΙ0 Habitus, lateral view ΙΙΙ Mesosoma, dorsal view ΙΙ2 Mesosoma, lateral view ΙΙ3 Head, anterior view ΙΙ4 Mesonotum, dorsal view. Abbrieviation: car, carinae. Scale bars in millimeters. not contiguous with that of posterior T2. Sculpture of dorsal T 3 in female: fine parallel to irregular longitudinal striae, with reticulation absent to moderately present, but not forming dense reticulations. Medial sculpture of T 4 in female: obliterated to smooth. Medial sculpture of T 5 in female: obliterated to smooth. Sculpture of T2–T5 curved transition from dorsal to lateral terga in female: obliterated to smooth. Profile of female metasoma in lateral view: dorsal and ventral surfaces more or less evenly convex. Sculpture of lateral T2–T 6 in female: with some fine striae ventrally, particularly medially, dorsally smooth. Pilosity of laterotergites in female: present on T1–T2. Diagnosis. Scelio tria differs from all non-metallic species by the three, sometimes paired, straight longitudinal carinae of the mesoscutum (Fig. 114). Etymology. Latin for three, in reference to the three longitudinal markings on the mesoscutum. Link to distribution map. [http://osuc.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/maplarge.html?id=238049] Material examined. Holotype female: INDIA: Delhi Union Terr., Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, 300 m, 11.VII.1990, J. Heraty, OSUC 235083 (deposited in CNCI). Paratypes: INDIA: 8 females, 22 males, 1 unknown sex, OSUC 238937 (BMNH); OSUC 211543–211548, 211563–211564, 211590– 211597, 234704–234710, 234712–234713, 235074–235075, 235084 (CNCI); UCRC ENT 110190 (UCRC); OSUC 253002 (USNM). Comments. The sculpture of the dorsal metasoma is particularly fine, with obliterated areas relatively large, and transverse elements relatively reduced.