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Cyana Walker, 1854 is one of the most species-rich Erebiidae genera within the tribe Lithosiini Billberg of the subfamily Arctiinae Leach. The genus is widespread from Sub-Saharan Africa and Madagascar through southern and eastern Asia to New Guinea and Australia with a diversity hot spot in South East Asia. A striking species with contrasting red and orange wing pattern, C. bellissima (Moore, 1878) was described from northern India and recorded from the Himalayas, China and Indochina (Fang 2000; Černý & Pinratana 2009; Singh et al. 2020). Another closely related species, C. stresemanni (Rothschild, 1936) (= bellissima inouei Kishida, 1993) is distributed in the Peninsular Malaysia (Rothschild 1936; Kishida 1993; Bucsek 2012). During examination of extensive unsorted Lithosiini materials housed in the MWM/ZSM and the private collection of the senior author, a series of peculiar specimens from southern Vietnam provisionally identified as ‘C. bellissima’ was found. These specimens, however, display certain external differences from other populations of C. bellissima and C. stresemanni, suggesting the presence of a further taxon related to C. bellissima. The examination of the male and the female genitalia of the southern Vietnamese specimens has confirmed their specific distinctness and they are described in this paper as a new species.

Cyana fossi sp. n. (Figs 1, 2, 9, 13) Type material. Holotype (Figs 1, 9): male, ���S. Vietnam, Plato [Plateau] Tay Nguyen, Mt. Ngoc Linh, 900���1400m, 15��02���N 107��59���E, 10���25.VIII.1996, leg. Sinjaev [Sinyaev] & Afonin���, gen. slide No.: MWM 34520 (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM/ ZSM). Paratypes. VIETNAM: 8 males, with the same data as the holotype, gen. slide No.: MWM 34479 (prepared by Volynkin) (MWM/ ZSM); 3 males, 2 females, X.2013, South Vietnam, Lam Dong Province, Lac Duong District, Tay Nguyen Highlands, Bidoup Nui Ba National Park, leg. local collector, gen. slide No.: AV5890 (female) (CAV). Diagnosis. The new species is similar externally to C. bellissima (Figs 3���6), but the males (Fig. 1) can be distinguished by the pale ochreous dorsal part of the thorax (which is off white in its congener), the dark brown-white striped legs (those are uniformly pale brown in C. bellissima), the fully fused, teardrop-shaped distal black spots (in C. bellissima these spots may be connected (Fig. 5), but never fully fused), and the broader subcostal postmedial dash of the forewing; the female specimens of C. fossi (Fig. 2) differ from those of C. bellissima by the dark brown-white striped legs (those are uniformly pale brown in C. bellissima), the broader transverse lines, the slightly larger black cell spots and the much darker, pale red hindwing which is pale pinkish in C. bellissima. The male genital capsule and the aedeagus of the new species (Fig. 9) display no noticeable differences from those of C. bellissima (Figs 11, 12). However, the everted vesica of C. fossi has a broader and bilobate subbasal diverticulum (which is unilobate in its congener), larger distal diverticulum bearing a conspicuously more extensive cluster of larger spinules and a medial cluster of more robust spinules than in C. bellissima. In comparison with C. stresemanni (Fig. 10), the male genital capsule of C. fossi has medially broader and apically narrower valvae with a slightly longer medial crest and a slightly shorter distal saccular process. The everted vesica of the new species is distinguished from that of C. stresemanni by the bilobate subbasal diverticulum with the broader distal lobe, and the presence of the medial and distal clusters of spinules which are absent in C. stresemanni. The female genitalia of C. fossi (Fig. 13) are similar to those of C. bellissima (Fig. 14), but the posterior section of the corpus bursae is slightly less sclerotized, the basal section of the appendix bursae is more weakly sclerotized, the subbasal section of the appendix bursae is narrower and the main chamber of the appendix bursae is slightly shorter than in C. bellissima. The female genitalia of C. fossi differ from those of C. stresemanni (Fig. 15) in the structure of the appendix bursae: in C. fossi, the basal section is more weakly sclerotized, the subbasal section is narrower, the main chamber is markedly narrower and the distal section is much shorter and narrower compared to those characters of C. stresemanni. Description. External morphology of adults . Male. Forewing length 19���21 mm. Antenna blackish brown, weakly ciliate. Head white. Collar crimson with white fringe. Patagia white with large crimson spot medially. Dorsal part of thorax ochreous yellow with crimson spot medially and crimson fringe posteriorly. Abdomen pale red. Forewing ground color off white. Subbasal transverse line crimson, angled and strongly constricted at vein R. Antemedial line crimson, oblique, narrow at costa, constricted at vein R and dilated towards the anal margin. Costal margin crimson from wing base to antemedial line. Medial line absent. Medial black spot large, circular. Distal black spots fused into one teardrop-like spot. Postmedial area with a long and broad longitudinal black dash along vein R1. Postmedial line crimson, constricted at costa, then dilated towards anal margin, its costal third slightly undulate. Subterminal area gold, broad, inner margin wavy. Cilia white. Hindwing pale red, with gold suffusion at apex; discal spot broadly semilunar, greyish brown, diffuse; cilia pale red with admixture of gold. Female. Forewing length 28 mm. Antenna blackish brown, filiform. Head white. Collar crimson with white fringe. Patagia white with large crimson spot medially. Dorsal part of thorax white with a crimson spot medially and two crimson spots posteriorly. Abdomen pale red. Forewing ground color creamy white. Subbasal line crimson, interrupted, represented by two spots between costa and vein R and veins R and A1. Costal margin crimson between wing base and antemedial line. Ante- and postmedial lines crimson, relatively narrow, slightly undulate. Medial line absent. Medial cell black spots large, distal ones separated from each other. Subterminal area pale gold, narrow, slightly curved. Terminal area white, broadened at apex. Cilia white. Hindwing pale red, white along costa; discal spot broadly semilunar, greyish brown, diffuse; cilia whitish at apex and along outer margin, pale red along anal margin. Male genitalia. Uncus short, narrow, dorso-ventrally flattened, apically pointed. Tuba analis moderately broad, scaphium absent, subscaphium setose. Tegumen short and narrow. Anellus weakly setose. Juxta large, rectangular with shallow posterior and deep anterior medial depressions. Vinculum short, broad, evenly arcuate. Valva broad basally, narrowed distally, rounded apically. Costal margin strongly curved medially, medial crest of costa long and narrow. Sacculus narrow, moderately sclerotized, its distal process long, robust, curved dorsally, with apex not reaching the valva tip. Aedeagus short, dilated distally; coecum short and narrow, rounded apically. Vesica thick, curved ventrally; dorsal subbasal diverticulum broad, bilobate; its distal lobe slightly narrower and more elongated than dorsal lobe. Ventral subbasal diverticulum very short, bearing an elongate cluster of numerous short spinules. Medial section of vesica with an elongate cluster of numerous short but robust spinules. Distal diverticulum globular, with a circular cornuti field, consisted of numerous short spinules. Distal plate of vesica narrow, stick-like, with irregularly sinuous anterior margin and gently arched posterior margin. Female genitalia. Papillae anales broad, trapezoidal, with rounded corners. Apophyses anteriores and posteriores long, thin, equal in length. Ostium bursae broad. Ductus bursae short, membranous, longitudinally wrinkled. Posterior section of corpus bursae more or less globular, sclerotized. Anterior section of corpus bursae globular, membranous, with a small rounded signum medially. Appendix bursae originating from posterior section of corpus bursae, its basal section tapering, weakly sclerotized, rugose, directed anterio-laterally. Subbasal section of appendix bursae narrow, membranous, curved laterally. Main chamber of appendix bursae broad and long, rounded sack-like, membranous, directed anteriorly. Distal section of appendix bursae narrow, membranous, S- curved. Distribution. The new species is known so far from the Tay Nguyen Highlands in southern Vietnam. Etymology. The species is dedicated to the memory of Mr. Grigory G. Foss, friend of the authors., Published as part of Volynkin, Anton V. & Ivanova, Maria S., 2021, Cyana fossi, a new species from Vietnam (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae Lithosiini), pp. 595-600 in Zootaxa 4938 (5) on pages 595-596, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4938.5.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4575118

Cyana watsoni Hampson, 1897, stat. rev. (Figs 84���87, 196, 264) Cyana watsoni Hampson, 1897, Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 11: 296 (Type licality: ���Kh��sis,���). Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein): ♂ (Fig. 84), printed label ���Khasis 96���246��� / printed label ���Khasis. Nat. Coll.��� / handwritten label ��� Cyana Watsoni type ♂. Hmpsn.��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597910��� (Coll. NHMUK); paralectotypes: 2 ♀, Upper Burma III.93 E.Y. Watson (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. ASSAM: 1 ♂, Assam (Coll. NHMUK); 2 ♀, NE India, Assam, Nameri Nat. Park, 40 km N Tezpur, 150 m, 27��20���N, 93��15���E, 24.VII���2.VIII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); MEGHALAYA: 1 ♂, Khasis, VIII.1894, Nat. Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 2 ♂, Khasia Hills, Assam, Nissary (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Khasia Hills, Assam (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Cherrapunji, X.[18]93, Assam (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Cherrapunji, IX.[18]93, Assam (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, [Meghalaya] Khasis, Nat. Coll., slide AV20170 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 22 ♂, 83 ♀, NE India, Assam, W Meghalaya, Garo Hills, Nokrek National Park, 25��40���N, 91��04���E, 1150 m, 2���13.VII 1997, leg. Afonin & Sinajev, slides MWM 34410 (♂), MWM 34538 (♂), MWM 35877 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Remark. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, here we designate the male specimen from Khasi Hills deposited in NHMUK and labeled as ���Type��� as lectotype, and fix the species��� type locality as ���Kh��sis���. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 14���15 mm in males and 17���18 mm in females. Cyana watsoni has no external differences from C. moelleri and can be distinguished by the genitalia structures only. The male genitalia of C. watsoni differ from those of C. moelleri by their narrower aedeagus and the vesica structure: in C. watsoni the vesica bears a long transverse band-like cluster of strong spine-like cornuti stretching from the base of the dorsal diverticulum to the vesica ejaculatorius, whereas in C. moelleri there is a longitudinal band-like cluster of smaller spine-like cornuti stretching from the vesica base to the base of the distal diverticulum, and a subapical bunch consisting of 5���6 spine-like cornuti. The female genitalia of these species are very similar, but in C. watsoni the ductus bursae is narrower than that of C. moelleri, the posterior sclerotized section of corpus bursae is more rugose, and the signum is slightly smaller. Distribution. North East India (Assam and Meghalaya) (Hampson 1897; Hampson 1900, as part of C. molleri, missp.), North Myanmar (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009, as a part of C. molleri, missp.) and China (Yunnan) (present study)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 31-33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Hampson, G. F. (1897) The moths of India. Supplementary paper to the volumes in \" The fauna of British India \". Part I-II. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 11 (2), 277 - 297, pl. A.","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp."]}

Cyana bhatejai N. Singh & Kirti, 2015 (Figs 56, 57, 185, 254) Cyana bhatejai N. Singh & Kirti, in Kirti & N. Singh, 2015, Arctiid moths of India 1: 63, text figs (Type locality: “ Karnataka: Ganeshgudi”). Type material examined. Holotype: ♂, “ Karnataka: Ganeshgudi, 19.VII.2004 ” (Coll. PUDZES). Paratypes: 6 ♂ from Karnataka (Coll. PUDZES) listed by Kirti & Singh (2015). Other material examined. TAMIL NADU: 1 ♂, 2 ♀, India merid., (Madras presidensy), Nilgiri Hills, VI.1994, coll. Schintlmeister (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, South India, T.N., Coimbatore road, 1100 m, Lf. 15.VIII.1989, leg. Dr. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34397 (♂), MWM 34399 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, India mer., 1000 m, Tamil Nadu, Kalkad, Wildlife Sanctuary Manjolai, 6–7.IV.1997, 8.15’N, 77.27’E, tea estate / rainforest, Sinjaev & Schintlmeister (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, S. India, Nilgiri Hills, VII.1994, leg. Lehmann & Steinke, ex coll. Schintlmeister (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, T.N., Nilgiri Hills, Ooty–Coimbatore road, 1000m, 9.VII.1990, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, India, T.N., Nilgiri Hills, Bisonvalley View Point, 1200m, 10–11.VII.1990, leg. W. Thomas, slide MWM/ ZSM 34398 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); KARNATAKA: 1 ♂, India, Karnataka, Ganeshgudi, 12.IX.2007, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Karnataka, Jogfall, 22.X.2009, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Karnataka, Yellapur, 23.XI.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 13–13.5 mm in males and 14.5–15 mm in females. Cyana bhatejai differs clearly from its closest relatives, C. peregrina and C. catorhoda by its slightly larger size, larger black medial spots, broader antemedial line, broader postmedial line being strongly angled outwards, and broader subterminal line. The male genitalia of C. bhatejai differ from those of C. peregrina by the larger lateral lobes of vinculum, the slightly narrower distal section of the valva, the larger and elongate cluster of spine-like cornuti on the dorsal diverticulum (that is smaller and rounded in C. peregrina), the weaker granulation on the subbasal ventral diverticulum, and the larger and granulated distal diverticulum (in C. peregrina that is smaller and membranous). The female genitalia of C. bhatejai differ clearly from those of C. peregrina and C. catorhoda by the presence of two band-like signa in corpus bursae, whereas in C. peregrina and C. catorhoda one signum is small and round, and the second one is band-like. Distribution. South India (Karnataka, Tamil Nadu) (Kirti & Singh 2015).

Cyana guttifera (Walker, 1856) (Figs 78, 79, 194, 262) Bizone guttifera Walker, 1856, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum 7: 1779 (Type locality: ���Landoor, N. W. Himalaya���). Type material examined. Holotype (by monotypy): ♀, handwritten label ���Himalayas. Landoor (Hearsey.) 54-74.��� / printed label ���GUTTIFERA��� / printed round label with a green circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010402110��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. HIMACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Kangra (Hocking) 86���69 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Himachal Pradesh, Majathal, 2.VIII.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); UTTARAKHAND: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, In- dia sept., Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, BhimTal, 1500 m, 2.IV.1979, leg. F. Smetacek (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Bhimtal, 1500 m, 25.III.1976, leg. F. Smetaсek (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India sept., Himalaya, Bhimtal, 9.IX.1978, slide AV4660 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); 4 ♀, India, Indian Himalaya, Ut- taranchal, Nainital, Sathkol village, XI.2003, leg. Saluk (Coll. MWM / ZSM); SIKKIM: 1 ♀, Sikkim, O. M��ller, 1900���64 (Coll. NHMUK); 12 ♂, 6 ♀, India, Sikkim, Legship, 500 m, 24���28.VII.1990, leg. W. Thomas, slide ZSM Arct. 124/2017 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, 2 ♀, India-Sikkim, Pemayangtse Vic., Geysing, 1400 m, Lf., 24.VIII.1988, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, 4 ♀, India, Sikkim, Namchi, 1000 m, 2.VII.1986, leg. W. Thomas, slide ZSM Arct. 125/2017 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Sikkim, Mt. Kanchenjunga, SE, 2000 m, 22���31.VII.1995, 27���30���N, 88���20���E, leg. E. Afonin & V. Siniaev (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, India, Sikkim, 14 km n��rdl. Gangtok, 1500 m, 2.VIII.1989, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, Sikkim, 8.IV.1888, O. M��ller / Col- lectio H. J. Elwes, slide AV2074 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 1 ♂, India, Sikkim, Golitar, 20.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); WEST BENGAL: 1 ♀, Darjeeling, Dr. Lidderdale, 79���57 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, India, W.B., Dar- jeeling, Himafalls, 2000 m, 4.VIII.1989, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 13 ♂, 11 ♀, India W.B., Darjeeling, Manjitar, 650 m, 19���21.VII.1989, leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, India W.B., Darjeeling, Pashok, 850 m, 4.VII.1986, leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, India W.B., Darjeeling, Kalimpong, 1250 m, 5.VII.1986, leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India WB, 650 m, Darjeeling, Rambi, 28.III.1986, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); ASSAM: 1 ♂, Assam, 5000 ft., Shillong, X.1921 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, NE India, Assam, Nameri Nat. Park, 40 km N Tezpur, 150 m, 27��20���N, 93��15���E, 24.VII���2.VIII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); MEGHALAYA: 1 ♂, Cherrapunji, X.1893, Assam (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Khasis, IV.1894, Nat. Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 2 ♂, 3 ♀, NE India, Assam, W Meghalaya, Garo Hills, Nokrek National Park, 25��40���N, 91��04���E, 1150 m, 2���13.VII 1997, leg. Afonin & Sinajev (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 7 ♂, 11 ♀, NE India, W Meghalaya, Umran, 33 km N Shillong, 26��06���N, 92��23���E, 800 m, 14���23.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Afonin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, [Meghalaya] Khasis, Nat. Coll., slide AV2073 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 3 ♂, Mawsynram, 27.VIII.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Jowai, 17.IX.2015, leg. Kumar Kaustubh (Coll. NZCZSI); MIZORAM: 1 ♂, Mizoram, Variegate, 19.IX.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); ARUNACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♂, Arunachal Pradesh, Raga, 5.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); TAMIL NADU: 1 ♀, India mer., 1000 m, Tamil Nadu, Kalkad, Wildlife Sanctuary, Manjolai, 6���7.IV.1997, 8.15���N, 77.27���E, tea estate / rainforest, Sinjaev & Schintlmeister (Coll. MWM / ZSM); KERALA: 1 ♀, [S India, Kerala] Travancore, 1900���23 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, India mer., Kerala, 6 km N Munnar, 1700 m, Kodalar, Tea Estate, 10.06���N / 77.04���E, 14���15.IV.1997, leg. Schintlmeister & Siniaev, Mountain rainforest, 14 ��C (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Kerala, Thenmala, 08.VIII.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Kerala, Vadaserikara, 11.VIII.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, Kerala, Peri- yar, 12.VIII.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); KARNATAKA: 1 ♂, Karnataka, Jog falls, 20.XI.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Karnataka, Yellapur, 23.XI.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 10.5���12 mm in males and 12.5���13 mm in females. Cyana guttifera is similar externally to C. moelleri and its allies, but can be distinguished by the pale ochreous hindwings of both sexes. The male genital capsule of C. guttifera is very different from that of C. moelleri and its allies by its V-shaped vinculum (that is U-shaped in C. moelleri), longer transtilla, and valva being narrowed distally and having narrow and heavily sclerotized ventral medial lobe of costa (whereas in C. moelleri and its allies the valva is strongly broadened distally and the ventral medial lobe of costa is short, broad and more weakly sclerotized). The aedeagus of C. guttifera is shorter and broader than that of C. moelleri and its allies, and bears a V-like cluster of short spinules distally. The vesica of C. guttifera is broad and has two large diverticula, one of which bears a large and strongly dentate cornutus, whereas in C. moelleri and its allies vesica is smaller, has smaller diverticula and bears clusters of spinules. The female genitalia of C. guttifera differ clearly from those of other Indian congeners by the very broad and heavily sclerotized ductus bursae. Distribution. South, North and North East India (Hampson 1900; Smetacek 2008; Singh et al. 2014), Nepal (Kishida 1993; 1994; 1998), Bhutan, China (Xizang, Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan) (Fang 2000), North and West Thailand (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009), North Vietnam (de Joannis 1928)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Walker, F. (1856) List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 7. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 300 pp. [pp. 1509 - 1808]","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Smetacek, P. (2008) Moths recorded from different elevations in Nainital district, Kumaon Himalaya, India. Bionotes, 10 (1), 5 - 15.","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Kishida, Y. (1993) Arctiidae: Lithosiinae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 2. Tinea, 13 (Supplement 3), pp. 36 - 40.","Kishida, Y. (1994) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 3. Tinea, 14 (Supplement 1), pp. 66 - 71.","Kishida, Y. (1998) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 5. Tinea, 15 (Supplement 1), pp. 32 - 35.","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.","Joannis, J. de (1928) Lepidoptѐres Heterocѐres du Tonkin. Annales de la Societe entomologique de France, 97, 241 - 368, pls. 1 - 2. [in French]"]}

Cyana britomartis N. Singh & Volynkin, sp. nov. (Figs 109���111, 208, 209, 272) Type material. Holotype (Figs 109, 208): ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Dibang valley, 26.X.2017, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI). Paratypes: INDIA. SIKKIM: 1 ♀, Sikkim, Mt. Kanchenjunga SE, 27��30���N, 88��20���E, 2000 m, 22���31.VII.1995, leg. E. Afonin & V. Sinjaev ex coll. Schintlmeister (Coll. MWM / ZSM); WEST BENGAL: 1 ♂, India, W.B., 2500m, Darjeeling Tigerhill, 2400 m, 13.+ 16.VIII.1985, leg. W. Thomas ���, slide MWM 34445 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♀, same locality and collector, but 29���31.VIII.1988, slide MWM 34447 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). NEPAL: 1 ♀, Nepal, Ganesh Himal, 2520 m, near Godlang, 85��17���E, 28��10���N, 13.IX.1995, leg. B. Herczig & Gy. M. L��szl�� (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, Nepal, Langtang, 1950 m, 1.5 km NE Dhunche, 85��18���E 28��06���N, 24.IX.1994, leg. Csorba & Ronkay, slide MWM 34474 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 6 ♂, 1 ♀, Nepal, 2300 m, Mt. Ka- linchok, 5 km W of Bigu, 3.VII.1997, leg. M. Hreblay & K. Csak (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Nepal, 1850 m, Mt. Kalinchok, 8 km E of Barabise, 5.VII.1997, leg. M. Hreblay & K. Csak (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, Nepal, 2600 m, Mt. Kalinchok, 2 km N of Tarebhir, 2.VII.1997, leg. M. Hreblay & K. Csak (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, C. Nepal, Mt. Annapurna Himal, Poon Hill, 28��34���N, 83��50���E, 2800 m, 12���15.VII.1995, leg. Afonin & Sinajev (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Nepal, Mt. Annapurna Himal, between Nangethanti and Ghorepani, 2600 m, 83��42,5���E, 28��23,5���N, 24.VII.1995, leg. Gy. M. L��szl�� & G. Ronkay (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Nepal, Annapurna Himal, 1 km NW Chitre, 2300 m, 83��41���E, 28��25,5���N, 21���22.VI.1996, leg. Gy. M. L��szl�� & G. Ronkay (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, Nepal, Sun Kosi-Tal, Kodari, 2000 m, 18���19.VIII.1971, leg. de Freina, Slg. Th. Witt (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, East Nepal, Milke Danda, Gupha Pass, 3000 m, 4.VII.1988, leg. M��rton Hreblay & Bal��zs Benedek (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, Nepal, 2900 m, Mt. Kalinchok, 3 km SW Kalinchok peak, 30.VI.1997, leg. M. Hreblay & K. Csak (Coll. MWM / ZSM). CHINA. SICHUAN: 1 ♂, China, Sichuan, Daxue Shan Mts., 80 km W Mianning, 28��34���N, 102��00���E, 2750 m, 7���8.VII.1999, leg. Sinaev & Plutenko (Coll. MWM / ZSM); YUNNAN: 3 ♂, 2 ♀, China, Yunnan, 20 km W Dali, Yunlong, 2570 m, 30.VIII.1998, ex. coll. Dr. Brechlin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 5 ♂, 5 ♀, China, prov. Yunnan, Dali Bai aut. pref. Yunlong, 13 km N of Caojian, Fengshuining Mts., 2460 m, 25.VII.���8.VIII.1999, leg. Dr Ronald Brechlin, slide MWM 34473 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Etymology. In ancient Greek mythology, Britomartis is a goddess of mountains and hunting, who was primarily worshipped on the island of Crete. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 20���21.5 mm in males and 25���25.5 mm in females. Cyana britomartis is a closest relative of C. divakara, from which it differs by its smaller black discal spots, broader subbasal white strip along the forewing costa, longer subbasal white spot along the anal forewing margin, and larger medial white spot. In addition, male of C. britomartis differs from that of C. divakara by its distal discal black spots well separated from each other. The male genital capsule of C. britomartis is very similar to that of C. divakara, but differs by its slightly narrower juxta, narrower valva with less curved costa, longer distal section of valva, and slightly more robust distal saccular process. The vesica of C. britomartis differs from that of C. divakara by its shorter but much broader dorsal subbasal diverticulum, larger cluster of spinules on the largest medial diverticulum, larger lateral cluster of spinules, and larger distal diverticulum. In the female genitalia, C. britomartis differs from C. divakara by its less sclerotized posterior section of the corpus bursae, and much smaller appendix bursae. Distribution. The new species is known from North East India (Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh and north of West Bengal), Nepal (Kishida 1994, as divakara) and China (Sichuan and Yunnan) (Fang 1992; 2000, as divakara)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Kishida, Y. (1994) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 3. Tinea, 14 (Supplement 1), pp. 66 - 71.","Fang, C. (1992) Studies on the genus Cyana Walker of China (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Lithosiinae). Sinozoologia, 9, 255 - 267. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]"]}

Cyana moelleri (Elwes, 1890) (Figs 80���83, 195, 263) Bizone m��lleri Elwes, 1890, Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London 1890: 395 (Type locality: ��� Sikkim, ��� Cherra Pungi in the Khasia Hills���). = molleri, misspelling. Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein) (Fig. 80): ♂, printed label ��� Sikkim. O. M��ller. ��� / handwrit- ten label ��� Bizone Molleri Elwes type��� / printed label ��� Collectio H. J. Elwes ��� / printed label ���Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939���1.��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597909��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. SIKKIM: 1 ♂, Sikkim, VIII.1909, F. Moller, 1910���140 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Sik- kim, 5000 ft., Kurseong, 7���20.VI.[19]22, Fletcher coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 3 ♂, 10 ♀, India, Sikkim, Legship, 500 m, 24���28.VII.1990, leg. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34412 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 11 ♂, 10 ♀, India, Sikkim, Namchi, 1000 m, 2.VII.1986, leg. W. Thomas, slides MWM 34408 (♂), MWM 34505 (♂), ZSM Arct. 123/2017 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 2 ♂, Sikkim, Ta Tak Dah, VI.[19]20, slides MWM 34506 (♂), MWM 34507 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, India-Sikkim, Pemayangtse, 1200 m, below Rimbi, Lf., 26.VIII.1988, leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); WEST BENGAL: 1 ♂, India WB, Darjeeling Mangpu-road, 1800 m, 18.VI.1987, leg. W. Thomas, coll. Dr. W. Thomas, Mus. Witt, M��nchen (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India W.B., 850 m, Darjeeling, Pashok, 4.VII.1986, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, India W.B., Darjeeling, Manjitar, 700 m, 20.VII.1990, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, India WB, Darjeeling, 2100 m, 19���21.VII.1990, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, India W.B., Darjeeling, 5 km above Rambi, 800 m, 30.VII.1990, leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, India-W.B., Darjeeling Mangpu Road, 1900 m, Lf., 29.VI.1987, leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, 4 ♀, India W.B., 1700 m, Kalimpong, Algarah, 5���6.VII.1986, leg. W. Thomas, slide MWM 35879 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Remark. In the original description, Elwes (1890) mentioned one male and two females from Sikkim, and a male from Khasi Hills, which are syntypes. As the population from Khasi Hills belongs to the allopatric sister species C. watsoni, the lectotype designation is necessary. Here we designate the male specimen from Sikkim deposited in NHMUK and labeled as ���Type��� as lectotype. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 12.5���14 mm in males and 15.5���16.5 mm in females. The species significantly varies in its size and size of black spots on male forewing, but the male genitalia of different populations are uniform. Differences from C. watsoni are listed in the diagnosis of the latter. Distribution. Cyana moelleri is an Eastern Himalayan species known from North East India (Sikkim and north of West Bengal) and Central and East Nepal (present study). Records for Meghalaya (India), Myanmar (Hampson 1900) and South West China (Fang 2000) belong to C. watsoni. The record for Thailand (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009, as C. molleri, missp.) belongs to C. ariadne Volynkin & Čern��, 2019 widespread in North Thailand, North Vietnam and South East China (Volynkin & Čern�� 2019a)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 31, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Elwes, H. J. (1890) On some new moths from India. Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1890, 378 - 401, pls. 32 - 34.","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.","Volynkin, A. V. & Cerny, K. (2019 a) Three new species of Cyana Walker, 1854 from Indochina and China (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Lithosiini). Zootaxa, 4586 (2), 338 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4586.2.8"]}

Cyana atlanteia N. Singh, Volynkin, Kirti & Datta, sp. nov. (Figs 88, 89, 197, 198) Type material. Holotype (Figs 88, 197): ♂, ���NE India, Assam, Pan Bari Reserv [e] Forest, 27��08���N, 94��00���E, 4���7.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin, slide MWM 34504 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Paratypes: ASSAM: 1 ♂, NE India, Assam, Jatinga, 10.IX.2005 leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, India, Assam, Jatinga, 11.IX.2005 leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Assam, Jatinga, 12.IX.2005 leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Assam, Jatinga, 13.IX.2005 leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Assam, Jatinga, 14.IX.2005 leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); TAMIL NADU: 2 ♂, India mer., 1000 m, Tamil Nadu, Kalkad, Wildlife Sanctuary, Manjolai, 6���7.IV.1997, 8.15���N, 77.27���E, tea estate / rainforest, Sinjaev & Schintlmeister, slide MWM 34411 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Etymology. In ancient Greek mythology, Atlanteia is one of Hamadryad nymphs, who consorted with Danaus, the king of Libya. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 11���12.5 mm in males. Cyana atlanteia is a closest relative of C. chrysopeleia and C. intercomma. It differs externally from C. chrysopeleia by its smaller size and broader ante- and postmedial lines. The new species differs from C. intercomma by its slightly smaller size, amber yellow forewing pattern (that is darker, apricot orange in C. intercomma), and pure white hindwing in male (whereas in male of C. intercomma the hindwing is pale ginger orange). The male genitalia of C. atlanteia differ from those of C. chrysopeleia by their broader uncus, slightly narrower valva with a less developed medial costal crest, and the absence of spinules on the medial diverticulum. Compared to those of C. intercomma, the male genitalia of C. atlanteia have the longer uncus, the aedeagus without subapical dentate ring, the vesica bearing no spinules subbasally and distally, and the shorter dorsal diverticulum with a small subbasal subdiverticulum and only several spinules on its tip (whereas in C. intercomma the dorsal diverticulum is longer, has no subdiverticulum and bears more numerous and robust spinules on its tip, and the vesica has a subbasal bunch of spinules and a long distal cluster of spinules stretching from the medial part of vesica to the base of the vesica ejaculatorius). The female is unknown. Distribution. The new species is up to date, known from South and North East India (Tamil Nadu and Assam)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 33, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439

Cyana abrupta Volynkin & Čern��, 2019 (Figs 20, 21, 170, 243) Cyana abrupta Volynkin & Čern��, 2019, Ecologica Montenegrina 21: 59, Figs 5, 6, 15, 18 (Type locality: ���NE India, Assam, Pan Bari Reserv Forest���). Type material examined. Holotype: ♂, ���NE India, Assam, Pan Bari Reserv [e] Forest, 27��08���N, 94��00���E, 4��� 7.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin���, slide MWM 31805 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Paratypes: 30 ♂ and 21 ♀ from India, Nepal and Bangladesh listed by Volynkin & Čern�� (2019). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 14���16 mm in males and 17���19 mm in females. Cyana abrupta has no significant external differences from its closest relatives, C. indosinica Volynkin & Čern��, 2018 and C. malayana Bucsek, 2012 (illustrated by Volynkin et al. 2018). The male genitalia of C. abrupta differ from those of C. indosinica by their trigonal lateral lobes of the vinculum (whereas in C. indosinica and other related species the lobes are more rounded), the much shorter and narrower medial posterior, medial anterior and distal diverticula, and the narrower medial dorsal diverticulum. The female genitalia differ from those of other related species (illustrated by Volynkin et al. 2017) by the shorter ductus bursae, the long, narrow and weakly rugose posterior sclerotized plate of the corpus bursae, the heavily sclerotized lateral band-like signum, and the significantly larger anterior signum. Distribution. Nepal (Kishida 1994, as bianca), North and North East India (Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya) (Kirti et al. 2013, as bianca), Bangladesh (Volynkin et al. 2018 (as C. bianca); Volynkin & Čern�� 2019b)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 10-13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Bucsek, K. (2012) Erebidae, Arctiinae (Lithosiini, Arctiini) of Malay Peninsula-Malaysia. Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, 170 pp.","Volynkin, A. V., Cerny, K., & Dubatolov, V. V. (2017) A new species of Cyana Walker, 1854 from Vietnam (Lepidoptera: Eribidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa, 4269 (3), 438 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4269.3.7","Kishida, Y. (1994) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 3. Tinea, 14 (Supplement 1), pp. 66 - 71.","Volynkin, A. V. & Cerny, K. (2019 b) On the correct identification of Cyana bianca (Walker, 1856), with description of a new species and notes on the taxonomy of the Cyana insularis (Draudt, 1914) species-group (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae). Ecologica Montenegrina, 21, 53 - 61. [https: // www. biotaxa. org / em / article / view / 51318]"]}

Cyana gelida gelida (Walker, 1854) (Figs 72���77, 193, 259) Doliche gelida Walker, 1854, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum 2: 529 (Type locality: [E Bangladesh or NE India, S Meghalaya] ���Silhet���). = Lithosia alborosea Walker, 1864, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum 31: 230 (Type locality: ���North Hindostan���), syn. nov. Type material examined. Lectotype of Doliche gelida (designated herein) (Fig. 72): ♂, handwritten label ���Silhet. 45���107��� / printed label ���1. DOLICHE GELIDA.��� / handwritten label ��� gelida 127��� / printed round label with a green circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597963��� / blue label ��� Arctiidae genitalia slide No. (printed) 2159 (handwritten)��� (Coll. NHMUK); lectotype of Lithosia alborosea (designated herein) (Fig. 73): ♀ without abdomen, handwritten label ���N. India. (Strachey) 60���39.��� / printed label ���ALBOROSEA.��� / ���1935 (printed) 181 (handwritten)��� / printed round label with a green circle ���Type��� / ���= Chionaema gelida Walk. (handwritten) W.H.T. Tams det. (printed) 6.VI.1935 (handwritten)��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597964��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. HIMACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♀, Kangra (Hocking) 86���69 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, [Kullu, Sultanpur] Sultanpore, Kulu, Capt. J. Young coll. 1889 (Coll. NHMUK); UTTARAKHAND: 5 ♂, 2 ♀, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Bhimtal, 1500 m, leg. F. Smetaсek, 13.III.1974, 1 ♂, 17.III.1974, 1 ♂, slide MWM 35682, ♂, Volynkin; 26.III.1974, 1 ♀, 27.III.1974, 1 ♀, 18.IV.1974, 1 ♂, 4.VIII.1974, 1 ♂, 8.IX1974, 1 ♂ (Coll. MWM / ZSM); SIKKIM: 1 ♂, Sikkim, Kurseong, R.P. Breaudeau 1894 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Sikkim, 20.III.1888, O. M��ller / Collectio H. J. Elwes, slide AV2075 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); WEST BENGAL: 1 ♂, Darjiling / Moore Coll. 94���106 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Darjeeling, 91���83 (Coll. NHMUK); ASSAM: 1 ♀, Assam, H.M. Parish, B.M. 1923���247 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, NE India, Assam, Nambor Reserve Forest, Garampani, h= 100 m, 26��30���N, 93��56���E, 21���29.XI.1997, leg. V. Siniaev & M. Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, NE India, Assam, Kaziranga Wild Life Res., 27��08���N, 93��56���E, 200 m, 2���3.VII.1997, leg. Siniaev (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, NE India, Assam, Pan Bari Reserve Forest, 27��08���N, 94��00���E, 4���7.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); MEGHA- LAYA: 1 ♀, [Meghalaya] Khasia Hills, Assam / Collectio H. J. Elwes, slide AV2076 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 3 ♂, NE India, W Meghalaya, Umran, 33 km N Shillong, 26��06���N, 92��23���E, 800 m, 14���23.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Afonin, slide MWM 33687 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, NE India, Assam, W Meghalaya, Garo Hills, Nokrek National Park, 25��40���N, 91��04���E, 1150 m, 2���13.VII 1997, leg. Afonin & Sinajev (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♀, India, Meghalaya, Nehu, 9.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya, Cherrapunji, 12.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Poma, 29.IV.2016 leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); NAGALAND: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Assam, Naga Hills, Kahima, H.C. Tytler, 1818-61, slide BMNH(E) Arct. -4629 ♀ (Coll. NHMUK). Remarks. 1. The taxon alborosea was described based on worn female(s) and treated by Hampson (1896; 1900), Draudt (1914), Strand (1922) and Fang (1992; 2000) as a valid species and the senior synonym of C. quadrinotata. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, here we designate the specimen deposited in the NHMUK collection and labeled as ���Type��� as lectotype. The lectotype has no abdomen, but, nevertheless, its forewing shape and remnants of the pattern are very characteristic and are very different from those of C. quadrinotata but identical to those of C. gelida (Fig. 73). The synonymy of alborosea and gelida has also been proposed by W.H.T. Tams on the determination label (Fig. 73). 2. Čern�� & Pinratana (2009) treated quadrinotata and alborosea as different species, but ��� C. alborosea ��� illustrated on the color plate definitely belongs to one of forms of the polymorphic C. quadrinotata. 3. Hampson (1900) erroneously cited two specimens (male and female) from ��� Assam, Kh��sis��� as ���type���, while the species was described from Sylhet. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, here we designate the specimen from ���Silhet��� deposited in the NHMUK collection and labeled as ���Type��� as lectotype. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 12.5���15 mm in males and 14.5���17.5 mm in females. An unmistakable species with the very characteristic forewing shape and pattern. The male clasping apparatus of C. gelida is similar to that of C. harterti and C. flavalba, but differs by the vesica without spinules or cornuti. The female genitalia structures are also membranous with only small round signum in the medial section of the corpus bursae. Distribution. The nominate subspecies is widely distributed in North and North-East India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, north of West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh) (Hampson 1900; Smetacek 2008; Singh et al. 2014), Pakistan (present study), Nepal (Kishida 1993), Bangladesh (Walker 1854) and China (Yunnan) (Fang 2000). The subspecies C. g. brunnea Bucsek, 2014 is known from the Malay Peninsula (Bucsek 2014). The status of the populations distributed in Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009; Bayarsaikhan & Bae 2016) needs clarification., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 27-28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Walker, F. (1854) List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 2. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 303 pp. [pp. 279 - 581]","Walker, F. (1864 [1865]) List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 31. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 322 pp.","Draudt, M. (1914) Arctiidae. - Tiger moths (Miltochrista to Stenosa). In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. 10. Die Indo-Australischen Spinner und Schwarmer. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 135 - 223. [in German]","Strand, E. (1922) Arctiidae: Subfam. Lithosiinae. In: Wagner, H. (Ed.), Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Vol. 26. W. Yunk, Berlin, pp. 1 - 899. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 146589","Fang, C. (1992) Studies on the genus Cyana Walker of China (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Lithosiinae). Sinozoologia, 9, 255 - 267. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Smetacek, P. (2008) Moths recorded from different elevations in Nainital district, Kumaon Himalaya, India. Bionotes, 10 (1), 5 - 15.","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Kishida, Y. (1993) Arctiidae: Lithosiinae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 2. Tinea, 13 (Supplement 3), pp. 36 - 40.","Bucsek, K. (2014) Erebidae, Arctiinae (Lithosiini, Arctiini) of Malay Peninsula-Malaysia (Supplementum). Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, 45 pp.","Bayarsaikhan, U. & Bae, Y. S. (2016) A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from Cambodia, with description of new species. Zootaxa, 4114 (4), 447 - 463. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4114.4.5"]}

Cyana bianca (Walker, 1856) (Figs 11, 12, 165, 238) Bizone Bianca Walker, 1856, List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum 7: 1684 (Type locality: ���Hindostan���). Type material examined. Holotype (by monotypy) (Figs 11, 165): male, ���Hind[ostan]��� / ��� Bizone bianca type Walk.��� / ��� Bianca n.��� / ���Type��� / ���226��� / ���501��� / ���A. Walker���s type of Bizone bianca 7-1684��� / ���TYPE (printed) LEP.: No. 429 Bizone bianca Walker (handwritten) HOPE DEPT. OXFORD (printed)��� (Coll. OUMNH). Other material examined. MEGHALAYA: 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya, Dangar, 30.VIII.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♀, NE India, W Meghalaya, Umran, 33 km N Shillong, 26��06���N, 92��23���E, 800 m, 14���23.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Afonin, slide ZSM Arct. 2019 - 332 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 13���14 mm in males and 18���18.5 mm in females. Cyana bianca is most similar externally to C. juliettae (illustrated by Volynkin & Čern�� (2019b): fig. 2) and C. carmina (Figs 13, 14), but can be distinguished by the black outer margin of its antemedial line being arcuate, while in C. juliettae and C. carmina that is curved outwards at the anal wing margin. In addition, in C. bianca this margin is stronger curved at costa than that of C. carmina. In the male genital capsule, the valva apex is slightly broader than that of C. juliettae (illustrated by Volynkin & Čern�� (2019b): fig. 14) and C. carmina (Figs 166, 167). The vesica shape of C. bianca is most similar to that of C. carmina, but differs by its smaller dorsal medial diverticulum, narrower dorsal distal diverticulum covered with weaker spinules and granulation, larger apical diverticulum, smaller lateral diverticulum bearing narrower cluster of smaller spinules, and less granulated ventral distal diverticulum bearing smaller patch of spinules. The female genitalia of C. bianca are similar to those of C. carmina (Figs 239, 240), but differ by the longer apophyses anteriores and longer sclerotized anterior section of ductus bursae. Distribution. India (Meghalaya) (Walker 1856; Volynkin & Čern�� 2019b)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Walker, F. (1856) List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 7. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 300 pp. [pp. 1509 - 1808]","Volynkin, A. V. & Cerny, K. (2019 b) On the correct identification of Cyana bianca (Walker, 1856), with description of a new species and notes on the taxonomy of the Cyana insularis (Draudt, 1914) species-group (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae). Ecologica Montenegrina, 21, 53 - 61. [https: // www. biotaxa. org / em / article / view / 51318]"]}

Cyana intercomma Čern��, 2009 (Figs 93���95, 201, 202, 266) Cyana intercomma Čern��, 2009, in Čern�� & Pinratana, 2009, Moths of Thailand, 6, Arctiidae: 51, Pl.10: figs 104a, 104b, genital pl. 1: figs 104f, 104v (Type locality: ���SW Thailand, Ranong-prov., Ranong, 380 m, 10��01���32������N, 98��40���13������E ���). Type material examined. Holotype: ♂, ���SW Thailand, Ranong-prov., Ranong, 380 m, 10��01���32������N, 98��40���13������E, 17, 20.XI.2006 leg. K. Čern�� ��� / ��� HOLOTYPE Cyana intercomma sp.n. Karel ČERN�� 2009 ��� (Coll. NHMUK). Paratypes: 22 ♂ and 2 ♀ from Thailand (Provinces of Ranong, Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Saraburi, Chan- thaburi, Phangna and Betong) and Malaysia (Pahang State) listed by Čern�� & Pinratana (2009), slides AV3820 ♂, AV382 1 ♂ and AV3822 ♀ Volynkin (Colls CKC and NHMUK). Other material examined. JAMMU & KASHMIR: 1 ♂, Kashmir, Uri, 23.IX.13, leg. Devinderpal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI). Remark. Kirti & Singh (2015) illustrated genitalia of the male specimen from Jammu & Kashmir, while the adult figured belongs to C. chrysopeleia. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 11.5���12 mm in males and 14.5���15 mm in females. The male genitalia of the species are characterized by the presence of a subapical dentate ring in the aedeagus and the presence of a subbasal cluster of spinules in the aedeagus vesica. The detailed comparison of C. intercomma with C. atlanteia and C. chrysopeleia is provided above in the diagnoses of the both new species. Distribution. North West India (Jammu & Kashmir) (Kirti & Singh 2015), China (Yunnan Province), Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Malay Peninsula (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009; Bucsek 2012; Kirti & Singh 2015; Bayarsaikhan & Bae 2016; Volynkin & Čern�� 2019a)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 34-36, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.","Kirti, J. S. & Singh, N. (2015) Arctiid Moths of India. Vol. 1. Nature Books India, New Delhi, 205 pp.","Bucsek, K. (2012) Erebidae, Arctiinae (Lithosiini, Arctiini) of Malay Peninsula-Malaysia. Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, 170 pp.","Bayarsaikhan, U. & Bae, Y. S. (2016) A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from Cambodia, with description of new species. Zootaxa, 4114 (4), 447 - 463. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4114.4.5","Volynkin, A. V. & Cerny, K. (2019 a) Three new species of Cyana Walker, 1854 from Indochina and China (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae, Lithosiini). Zootaxa, 4586 (2), 338 - 350. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4586.2.8"]}

Cyana arorai Volynkin, N. Singh, Kirti & Datta, nom. nov. (Figs 15–19, 168, 169, 241, 242) = Chionaema tripunctata Rothschild, 1936, The Annals and magazine of natural history (10) 17: 487 (Type locality: “ Aberdeen, Andaman Islands”), nec. Reich, 1935. Type material examined. Holotype (by monotypy) (Fig. 17): ♀, handwritten label “ Aberdeen, Andamans” / hand- written label “ Chionaema tripunctata Type Rothsch.” / handwritten label “Nr. bianca, but has 3 spots” / printed label “Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939–1” / printed round label with a red circle “Type” / printed label with a unique identifier “NHMUK010402088” (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. THE ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: 1 ♀, Andaman Isles ♀ / Moore Coll. 94–106, slide NHMUK010314603 Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK); 2 ♂, 3 ♀, India, M. Andaman, Karmatang, 1.5 km E, 12,5072°N, 92,5610°E, 17–22.VIII.2001, leg. Jan-Peter Rudloff, coll. Dr. R. Brechlin, slides MWM 33907 (♂), MWM 33908 (♀), MWM 35680 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, 4 ♀, India, S. Andaman, Port Blair—Mt. Harriet, 11,4321°N, 92,4403°E, 23–24.VIII.2001, leg. Jan-Peter Rudloff, coll. Dr. R. Brechlin, slides MWM 34601 (♂), MWM 34602 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, India, Andaman Islands, South Anda- man—Bambooflat (Rainfor.), 11°42’82”N, 092°42’02”E, 27–28.XI.2000, leg. J.P. Rudloff, slide MWM 35681 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, Andaman Isl., South Andaman, Wandoor, Port Blair, 1–2.III.1998, leg. A. Kamenev & V. Siniaev, ex coll. Dr. A. Schintlmeister, slide MWM 34564 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, South Andaman, Chidiyatapu, 29.XII.17, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Etymology. The replacement name is dedicated to G.S. Arora, author of the basic publication on the fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Remark. The taxon tripunctata Reich, 1935 was described under the genus Lyclene. Here we transfer it to the genus Cyana and synonymize with C. detrita (see above). Thus, at present there are two Cyana taxa with the name tripunctata, so tripunctata Rothschild, 1936 becomes a junior secondary homonym of tripunctata Reich, 1935. Hence, we introduce the replacement name arorai nom. nov. for tripunctata Rothschild, 1936. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 12.5–15 mm in males and 17–18 mm in females. Cyana arorai is a polymorphic species, significantly variable in size. Cyana arorai is similar externally to C. carmina (Figs 13, 14), but differs by its arcuate antemedial line (that is oblique in C. carmina) and larger black discal spots. In females of C. arorai a third, posterior black spot may be developed (Figs 16, 17), what is unusual for the C. insularis group. The female genitalia of C. arorai are very similar to those of C. carmina (Figs 239, 240), but differ by the more heavily sclerotized cervix bursae having narrower longitudinal folds, and the lateral band-like signum being more weakly sclerotized subanteriorly with its anterior end strongly broadened. Distribution. Endemic of the Andaman Islands. The records of C. bianca (male) and C. coccinea (female) for the Andaman Islands (Hampson 1900; Draudt 1914; Arora 1983) belong to C. arorai.

Cyana dudgeoni Hampson, 1895 (Figs 39���41, 178, 251) Cyana dudgeoni Hampson, 1895, Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1895: 293 (Type locality: [India, Sikkim] ���Sikhim���). Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein) (Fig. 39): ♂, ��� Sikkim. (printed) 10.6.90 (handwritten) G.C. Dudgeon. 94���52. (printed)��� / handwritten label ��� Cyana dudgeoni type ♂. Hmpsn.��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597945��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. SIKKIM: 1 ♀, India, Sikkim, Legship, 500 m, 24���28.VII.1990, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂ India, Sikkim, Chungthang, 28.IV.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); WEST BEN- GAL: 1 ♂, Gopaldhara, Mirik, Sikkim (H. Stevens) (Coll. NHMUK); 2 ♀, Darjiling (F. Moller) (Coll. NHMUK); 2 ♂, 2 ♀, India W.B., 850 m, Darjeeling, Pashok, leg. W. Thomas, 29.III.1986 (2 ♂), 3.IV.1986 (1 ♀), 4.VII.1986 (1 ♀) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India WB, Darjeeling, 2000 m, 12���20.VIII.1985, leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India WB, Darjeeling Mangpu-road, 1800 m, 18. VI.1987, leg. W. Thomas, coll. Dr. W. Thomas, Mus. Witt, M��nchen (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, India WB, 650 m, Darjeeling Rambi, 28.III.1986, leg. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34416 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); ASSAM: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, NE India, Assam, Pan Bari Reserve For- est, 27��08���N, 94��00���E, 4���7.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, NE India, Assam, Nameri Nat. Park, 40 km N Tezpur, 150 m, 27��20���N, 93��15���E, 24.VII���2.VIII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); MEGHALAYA: 1 ♀, Khasis, 94���246 (Coll. NHMUK); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, Khasis. Nat. Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Khasia Hills, Assam, Nissary (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Khasia Hills, X.1894, Nat. Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 3 ♂, 45 ♀, NE India, W Meghalaya, Umran, 33 km N Shillong, 26��06���N, 92��23���E, 800 m, 14���23.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Afonin, slide MWM 34415 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, 5 ♀, NE India, Assam, W Meghalaya, Garo Hills, Nokrek National Park, 25��40���N, 91��04���E, 1150 m, 2���13.VII 1997, leg. Afonin & Sinajev (Coll. MWM / ZSM); ARUNACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Poma, 29.IV.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Raga, 4.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♀, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Raga, 5.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Tippi, 15.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Tippi, 16.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); MIZORAM: 1 ♂, Mizoram, Serchip, 8.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♂, India, Mizoram, Serchip, 9.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, India, Mizoram, Thenzawl, 6.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♂, Mizoram, Lunglei, 10.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Mizoram, Lunglei, 11.iv.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Mizoram, Zotlang, 15.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, India, Mizoram, Zotlang, 16.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India, Mizoram, Zotlang, 16.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, India, Mizoram, Reiek, 20.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Remark. In the original description, Hampson (1895) described male and female, therefore the description is based on syntypes. As for the genus, a strong sexual dimorphism is characteristic and as many species are distributed sympatrycally, so confusion is possible. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, we designate the male specimen deposited in NHMUK and labeled as ���type��� as lectotype. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 11.5���12 mm in males and 14.5���15 mm in females. Cyana dudgeoni resembles externally C. obliquilineata and C. rudloffi, but male differs by the not angled forewing costa at apex, less elongated forewing apex, antemedial line of uniform width (in C. obliquilineata and C. rudloffi that is narrowed in the cell), postmedial line being less narrowed in the cell and not curved between the cell and the costa, and the black spots being situated as a triangle with the base being parallel the forewing costa (whereas in C. obliquilineata and C. rudloffi the black spots form a triangle with the base parallel the anal forewing margin). The female of C. dudgeoni differs from those of C. obliquilineata and C. rudloffi by its black medial spots of forewing forming a shorter triangle, antemedial line being strongly curved between the cell and the forewing costa, and the postmedial line being slightly more strongly curved in the cell. The male genital capsule of C. dudgeoni is most similar to that of C. rudloffi, but can be distinguished by its medially broader valva with a shorter distal section, and distal saccular process of uniform width (in C. rudloffi that is broadened distally). The aedeagus of C. dudgeoni is significantly smaller than that of C. obliquilineata and C. rudloffi, the vesica is broad, globular, bears a broad cluster of numerous short spinules, whereas in C. obliquilineata and C. rudloffi the vesica is narrower, elongate, bears two lateral clusters of robust spine-like cornuti medially, and a small cluster of spine-like cornuti on the tip of its distal diverticulum. The female genitalia of C. dudgeoni differ clearly from those of C. obliquilineata and C. rudloffi by the rugose sclerotized posterior section of corpus bursae with no band-like clusters of spinules. Distribution. North East India (Sikkim, north of West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur, Nagaland, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh) (Hampson 1900; Singh et al. 2014), Nepal, China, Thailand (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009), Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia (Bayarsaikhan & Bae 2016), Malay Peninsula (Bucsek 2012)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 18-19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Hampson, G. F. (1895) Descriptions of New Heterocera from India. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1895 (2), 277 - 315, 16 figs. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1895. tb 01672. x","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.","Bayarsaikhan, U. & Bae, Y. S. (2016) A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from Cambodia, with description of new species. Zootaxa, 4114 (4), 447 - 463. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4114.4.5","Bucsek, K. (2012) Erebidae, Arctiinae (Lithosiini, Arctiini) of Malay Peninsula-Malaysia. Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, 170 pp."]}

Cyana puella puella (Drury, 1773) (Figs 42, 43, 186, 255) [Phal.[aena] Noct. [ua]] Puella Drury, 1773, Illustrations of natural history 2: 3, pl. 2, fig. 2 (Type locality: [India, Madras] ���Madrafs���). Material examined. HIMACHAL PRADESH: 3 ♂, Kangra valley, 4500 ft., VI.1889, Dudgeon, slide BMNH(E) Arct. -4483 ♂ (Coll. NHMUK); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Kangra (Hocking) (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Dalhousie, 92���98, Harford Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Simla, 92���98 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, [Himachal Pradesh] Simla, India, VIII.1896, slide AV2052 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 1 ♀, [Himachal Pradesh] Kulu distr., slide AV2053 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 1 ♂, Himachal Pradesh, Solan, 31.VII.1994, leg. APS Kaleka (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Himachal Pradesh, Nauni, 6.VII.2003, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Himachal Pradesh, Sabathu, 8.VII.2003, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); HARYANA: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, [Ambala district] Umballa distr. / Moore Coll. 94���106, slide BMNH(E) Arct. -2156 ♂ (Coll. NHMUK); UTTARAKHAND: 11 ♂, 3 ♀, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Bhimtal, 1500 m, 22.III.���17.IV.74, leg. F. Smetaсek, slide MWM 34403 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 4 ♂, 1 ♀, India, Kumaon- Himalaya, Distr. Naini Tal, Bhim Tal 1500 m, Smetaсek / Bauer, 26.III.���30.III.1976 (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, 4 ♀, India, Himalaya, District Uttarkashi, Gangani, 14���19.VI.1981, 1300 m, leg. C. Holzschuh (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, India, Himalaya, Dehra Dun, New Forest, 20���30.VI. 1981, 700 m, leg. C. Holzschuh (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, N India, Bhimtal, 1500m, 8���19.X.[19]80, Dr. Liedgens, slide MWM 34404 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, 4 ♀, India, Indian Himalaya, Uttaranchal, Nainital, Sathkol village, XI.2003, leg. Saluk (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, Nainital district (Kumaon), Bhimtal, 5���6.IX.1973, leg. Erich Bauer, slide AV2085 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 1 ♂, Uttarakhand, Twaghat, 15.VI.2008, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); BIHAR: 1 ♂, Bihar, Ra- jgir, 21.VI.2013, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); MEGHALAYA: 2 ♂, 3 ♀, NE India, Assam, W Megha- laya, Garo Hills, Nokrek National Park, 25��40���N, 91��04���E, 1150 m, 2���13.VII 1997, leg. Afonin & Sinajev (Coll. MWM / ZSM); TAMIL NADU: 4 ♂, S. India / Tamil Nadu, Kalkad, Wildlife Sanctuary, Manimtar-Kodeer, 1300 m, 8��19���N, 77��26���E, 8.IV.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Schintlmeister (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, Tamil Nadu, Naduvattam, 22.V.2015, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, Tamil Nadu, Anthiyur, 11.V.2015, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); KERALA: 1 ♀, S. India / Kerala, 7 km N Munnar, 1740 m, Kodalar Tea Estate, 10��09���N, 77��04���E, 14���15.IV.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Schintlmeister (Coll. MWM / ZSM); GUJARAT: 1 ♂, Gujarat, Saputara, 29.IX.2005, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Gujarat, Saputara, 29.XI.2015, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Gujarat, Saputara, 30.XI.2015, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Gujarat, Ahwa, 2.XI.2015, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZC- ZSI); ANDAMAN & NICOBAR ISLANDS : 1 ♂, South Andaman, Havelock, Radhanagar, 14.V.2018, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 13���14 mm in males and 16���17 mm in females. An unmistakable species differing from other Indian Cyana species by its antemedial line loop-like curved between the cell and the forewing costa. The male genitalia are characterized by the broad vesica bearing a broad, band-like cluster of robust spine-like cornuti. The female genitalia of C. puella are similar to those of C. peregrina, C. catorhoda and C. bhatejai, but differ by the posterior section of corpus bursae being more heavily sclerotized laterally and less rugose medially, and the presence of two rounded signa in the anterior section of corpus bursae (whereas in C. peregrina, C. catorhoda and C. bhatejai the second signum is long, band-like). Distribution. The nominate subspecies is known from India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Kerala) (Smetacek 2008; Singh et al. 2014), Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Gujarat, Bihar (reported during this study), southeastern Pakistan (present study), Nepal (Kishida 1994) and China (Yunnan) (Fang 2000). The subspecies C. puella postflavida (Rothschild, 1924) is distributed in Sub-Saharan Africa and Arabian Peninsula (Karisch 2013)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 19-20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Drury, D. (1773) Illustrations of natural history. Wherein are exhibited upwards of two hundred and forty figures of exotic insects, according to their different genera ... With a particular description of each insect: interspersed with remarks and reflections on the nature and properites of many of them. Vol. 2. Printed for the author, London, 90 pp., pls. 1 - 50.","Smetacek, P. (2008) Moths recorded from different elevations in Nainital district, Kumaon Himalaya, India. Bionotes, 10 (1), 5 - 15.","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Kishida, Y. (1994) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 3. Tinea, 14 (Supplement 1), pp. 66 - 71.","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Rothschild, W. (1924) Some new or noteworthy Madagascar and African Heterocera. The Annals and magazine of natural history, Series 9, 14 (81), 306 - 317. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932408633127","Karisch, T. (2013) Taxonomic revision of the African Cyana - species (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Lithosiinae) (pls. 15 - 19). Esperiana, 18, 39 - 197."]}

Cyana trilobata Fang, 1992 (Figs 140���143, 227, 282) Cyana trilobata Fang, 1992, Sinozoologia 9: 260, 265, fig. 1 (Type locality: [China] ���Cona, Xizang, 2500 m ���). Material examined. SIKKIM: 1 ♀, Sikkim, 7000 ft., Ranjvett. / Collectio H.J. Elwes (Coll. NHMUK); 16 ♂, 12 ♀, Sikkim, Mt. Kanchenjunga SE, 27��30���N, 88��20���E, 2000 m, 22���31.VII.1995, leg. E. Afonin & V. Sinjaev ex coll. Schintlmeister, slide ZSM Arct. 57/2017 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 20 ♂, 13 ♀, same locality and collectors, but 2600m, 9���10.VIII.1995 (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 15 ♂, 16 ♀, same locality and collectors, but 2225 m, 11���14.VIII.1995, slide ZSM Arct. 59/2017 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, same locality and collectors, but 3000m, 7���8.VIII.1995 (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 7 ♂, 6 ♀, same locality and collectors, but 1900m, 15.VIII.1995 (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 17���19 mm in males and 21.5���22.5 mm in females. Cyana trilobata differs externally from C. candida by the crimson border of patagia, the presence of a crimson dot on the thorax medially, and the longer red strip on the basal part of forewing costa. The male genitalia of C. trilobata differ from those of C. candida by their more robust vinculum, longer ampulla and more robust spinules of the distal cluster. In the female genitalia, the apophyses anteriores of C. trilobata are slightly longer than those of C. candida, the sclerotized area of the posterior section of corpus bursae is longer, and the appendix bursae is broader. Distribution. North East India (Sikkim: first record for India), Nepal (Kishida 1995, as candida), Bhutan (present study), China (Xizang and Yunnan) (Fang 1992; 2000), North Thailand (Chiang Mai Prov.) (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009, as candida) and North Vietnam (Fan-si-pan Mts.) (present study)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Fang, C. (1992) Studies on the genus Cyana Walker of China (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Lithosiinae). Sinozoologia, 9, 255 - 267. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Kishida, Y. (1995) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 4. Tinea, 14 (Supplement 2), pp. 39 - 43.","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp."]}

Cyana dryope Volynkin & N. Singh, sp. nov. (Figs 128, 129, 222, 223) Type material. Holotype (Figs 128, 222): ♂, ���[India, Himachal Pradesh] KULU N.-Indien, Rohtang Pass 3500m, 20.���28.VI.1973, leg. N. Flauger ���, slide MWM 34440 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Paratypes: NEPAL: 1 ♂, West Nepal, 14 km N of Dailekh, 2600m, 4.VIII.1996, leg. M. Hreblay & B. Szin, slide MWM 34439 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Nepal occ., 18 km N of Dailekh, 2865m, 31.VII.1996, leg. M. Hreblay & B. Szin, slide MWM 33507 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Etymology. In ancient Greek mythology, Dryope is the daughter of Dryops, king of Oeta, and mother of Amphissus by Apollo. Remark. Cyana dryope is a member of the group of species including C. adita, C. signa, C. candida, C. trilobata and Nepalese C. lobbichleri (Daniel, 1961). Species of the group have uniform genitalia and the diagnostic features can be found in the vinculum shape, the ampulla shape and the vesica diverticula configuration in males, and in the width of sclerotized section of corpus bursae and size of appendix bursae in females. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 18.5���19 mm in males. Cyana dryope is similar externally to C. adita, but differs clearly by its broader forewing, larger black discal spots, antemedial line being strongly angled at costa and perpendicular to the anal wing margin (that is oblique in C. adita), and strongly curved postmedial line. The male genitalia of C. dryope are similar to those of C. adita, but can be distinguished by the broader uncus, the U-shaped vinculum (in C. adita that has small lateral lobes), the narrower and less curved dorsal lobe of subbasal diverticulum, slightly smaller ventral lobe of subbasal diverticulum, and smaller spinules of the distal cluster. The female is unknown. Distribution. West Himalaya: North India (Himachal Pradesh) and West Nepal., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439

Cyana harterti (Elwes, 1890) (Figs 68, 69, 191, 260) Bizone harterti Elwes, 1890, Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London 1890: 398 (Type locality: ���Upper Assam ���). Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein) (Fig. 69): ♀, printed label ��� Ob. Ass. Hart. ��� / handwritten label B. Harterti Elwes type��� / pink handwritten label ���214.��� / printed label ��� Collectio H. J. Elwes ��� / printed label ���Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939���1.��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010402107��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. MEGHALAYA: 7 ♂, 3 ♀, NE India, W Meghalaya, Umran, 33 km N Shillong, 26��06���N, 92��23���E, 800 m, 14���23.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Afonin, slides MWM 34413 (♂), MWM 34413 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); ASSAM: 2 ♂, Assam, Jatinga, 12.V.2005, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, Assam, Jatinga, 10.IX.2005, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI). Remark. In the original description, Elwes (1890) mentioned two specimens, female and a probable male. We did not find the male syntype in the NHMUK collection. To avoid any confusion in the future, here we designate the female specimen deposited in NHMUK and labeled as ���type��� as lectotype. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 8.5���9 mm in males and 11���11.5 mm in females. Cyana harterti is a sister species of C. flavalba (Rothschild, 1912) (Figs 70, 71) distributed in Malay Peninsula, S and SE Thailand and Cambodia (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009; Bayarsaikhan & Bae 2016). These species have no external differences and can be iden- tified by the genitalia structures only. In the male genitalia, C. harterti differs from C. flavalba (Fig. 192) by its smaller cornuti of the subbasal lateral and ventral clusters, and slightly larger cornuti of the distal cluster. Compared to those of C. flavalba (Fig. 261), the female genitalia of C. harterti have the longer posterior sclerotized section of corpus bursae, and the slightly longer and broader appendix bursae. Distribution. North East India (Assam, Meghalaya and Mizoram) (Singh et al. 2014), South and South East China (Hampson 1900), North Thailand (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009, as C. flavalba (part)) and Japan (Ryukyu, Okinawa and Iriomote islands) (Inoue 1965)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Elwes, H. J. (1890) On some new moths from India. Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1890, 378 - 401, pls. 32 - 34.","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.","Bayarsaikhan, U. & Bae, Y. S. (2016) A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from Cambodia, with description of new species. Zootaxa, 4114 (4), 447 - 463. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4114.4.5","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Inoue, H. (1965) One new genus, two new species and four unrecorded species of the Arctiidae from Japan (Lepidoptera). Kontyu, 33 (2), 241 - 245."]}

Cyana selangorica paeninsulana Černý, 2009, stat. nov. (Figs 147–149, 229, 230, 284) Cyana paeninsulana Černý, 2009, in Černý & Pinratana, 2009, Moths of Thailand, 6, Arctiidae: 51, Pl.10: figs 102a, 102b (Type locality: “SW Thailand, Chumphon, Pa Toh, Ban Lang Tang, 162 m, 9°46’5’’N, 98°46’59’’E ”). Type material examined. Holotype (Fig. 148): “SW Thailand, Chumphon, Pa Toh, Ban Lang Tang, 162 m, 9°46’5’’N, 98°46’59’’E, 7.XII.2005, leg. K. Černý ” / “ HOLOTYPE Cyana paeninsulana Černý 2009 ” / NHMUK unique identifier “NHMUK010889674” (Coll. NHMUK). Paratypes: 28 ♂ and 9 ♀ from South Thailand (Provinces of Chumphon, Ranong and Nakhon Si Tammarat) listed by Černý & Pinratana (2009) (Colls CKC and NHMUK). Other material examined. MIZORAM: 1 ♂, Kawrthah. Mizoram, NE India, 11.IX.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Zamuang. Mizoram, NE India, 14.IX.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (coll. NZCZSI); ASSAM: 1 ♂, NE India, Assam, Nambor Reserve Forest, Garampani, H = 100m, 26°30’N 93°55’E, 21–29.XI.1997, lg. V. Siniaev & M. Murzin, slide ZSM Arct. 2019-331 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Remark. In the original description (Černý & Pinratana 2009), the species was compared with C. malayensis Hampson only. Its male and female genitalia have no significant differences from those of C. selangorica therefore here we consider C. paeninsulana to be conspecific with C. selangorica. However, this taxon has external differences from the nominate populations of C. selangorica and, in addition, some slight differences in the male clasping apparatus. For this reason, we consider the taxon to be a northern subspecies of C. selangorica: C. selangorica paeninsulana Černý, 2009, stat. nov. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 15–16 mm in males and 17–18 mm in females. Cyana selangorica paeninsulana differs externally from the nominate subspecies by its slightly narrower and more reddish transverse lines of forewing. In the male genitalia, C. s. paeninsulana has the slightly smaller uncus and slightly narrower aedeagus vesica than those of the nominate subspecies. The female genitalia of the new subspecies have slightly larger anterior signum bursae than those of the nominate subspecies. Among the Indian Cyana species, C. s. paeninsulana is similar externally only to C. conclusa, but can be easily distinguished by its smaller size and postmedial line not curved at anal forewing margin. In the male genitalia, C. s. paeninsulana has characteristic features as the presence of small asymmetrical basal processes of sacculus and the very massive distal saccular process being setose subapically. In the female genitalia, the ductus bursae is narrow and membranous, the posterior section of corpus bursae is rugose, the signa are round, and the appendix bursae is small. Distribution. North East India (Assam and Mizoram: first record for India), South Myanmar (Tenasserim) (present study) and South Thailand (Provinces of Chumphon, Ranong and Nakhon Si Tammarat) (Černý & Pin- ratana 2009)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp."]}

Cyana flavicincta (Hampson, 1903) (Figs 44, 45, 187, 258) Chionaema flavicincta Hampson, 1903, The Annals and magazine of natural history (7) 11 (64): 345 (Type locality: [India, Meghalaya, Khasi Hills] ��� Assam, Kh��sis���). Type material examined. Holotype (by monotypy) (Fig. 44): ♂, printed label ���Khasis. Nat. Coll.��� / handwritten label ��� Chionaema flavicincta type ♂. Hmpsn.��� / handwritten label ��� 1903-66 ��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010402076��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. ASSAM: 1 ♂, NE India, Assam, Nameri Nat. Park, 40 km N Tezpur, 150 m, 27��20���N, 93��15���E, 24.VII���2.VIII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); MEGHALAYA: 1 ♂, Khasis, VIII.1896, Nat. Coll. / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939���1. / 505 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Khasia Hills (Coll. NHMUK); 7 ♂, 2 ♀, NE India, Assam, W Meghalaya, Garo Hills, Nokrek National Park, 25��40���N, 91��04���E, 1150 m, 2��� 13.VII 1997, leg. Afonin & Sinajev, slides MWM 35721 (♂), MWM 35722 (♀), MWM 35748 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, NE India, Meghalaya, Cherrapunji, 5.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Pynursla, 10.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♀, Meghalaya, Pynursla, 11.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, Meghalaya, Jowai, 29.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, Meghalaya, Cherrapunji, 12.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♂, 3 ♀, Meghalaya, Cherrapunji, 13.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, Meghalaya, Umran, 25.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 14.5���15 mm in males and 18���18.5 mm in females. Cyana flavicincta morphologically well differentiated from other Cyana species. Externally it slightly resembles C. peregrina, but differs clearly by its much larger size and larger black discal spots. In addition, the male of C. flavicincta differs from that of C. peregrina by the absence of an elliptical dark brown spot at hindwing costa, the discal black spots forming a more elongated triangle, the postmedial line perpendicular to the forewing costa (that is oblique in C. peregrina), the additional red stroke at costa situated in the medial area (whereas in C. peregrina that is situated in the postmedial area). The male genital capsule of C. flavicincta is similar to that of C. peregrina, but the distal section of valva is slightly broader and the distal saccular process is slightly narrower. The vesica structure of C. flavicincta is very different from that of C. peregrina and most resembles those of not related C. puer and C. neopuer, but differs from them clearly by the presence of a hook-like curved ventral subbasal diverticulum, the presence of a cluster of very short spinules on the subbasal ventral diverticulum, and the absence of small medio-lateral diverticula bearing dense clusters of numerous short spinules (whereas in C. puer and C. neopuer there are two and one such diverticula respectively). The configuration of the female genitalia of C. flavicincta also resembles those of C. puer and C. neopuer, but C. flavicincta can be easily distinguished from them by its narrower ductus bursae, weakly sclerotized and rugose posterior section of the corpus bursae (similar to that of C. peregrina), and less elongate corpus bursae with a band-like signum (whereas in C. puer and C. neopuer corpus bursae is more elongate and bears two signa, round and elliptical ones). Distribution. North East India (Assam, Meghalaya) (Hampson 1903)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 20, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Hampson, G. F. (1903) Descriptions of new Syntomidae and Arctiadae. The Annals and magazine of natural history, Series 7, 11 (64), 337 - 351. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930308678778"]}

Cyana candida (Felder, 1874) (Figs 136���139, 226, 281) Chionaema candida Felder in Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874, Reise der ��sterreichischen Fregatte Novara. Zoologischer Theil 2 (2): pl. 106, fig. 17; 1875, Erkl��rung der Taf. 75���107: 3 (Type locality: ���Himalaya���). Type material examined. Holotype (by monotypy) (Fig. 138): ♀, handwritten label ��� Pangi ��� [India, Himachal Pradesh] / handwritten label ��� Chionaema candida N i. l.��� / printed label ��� candida n.��� / printed round label ���FELDER COLLN. ��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010402059��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. JAMMU & KASHMIR: 5 ♂, India, Kashmir, Daksum, 2300m, above Srinagar, 6.VII.1987, leg. Dr. W. Thomas, slide MWM 31797 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, Lidderwat (3000m), Pahalgam-Kolohoi, Kashmir, NW India, 8���9.VIII.1982, H. Yoshimoto leg. (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Kashmir Val- ley, VII.1903 (Col. Ward), slide AV2049 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 1 ♀, Kashmir, 6000 to 8500 ft., slide AV2050 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); HIMACHAL PRADESH: 2 ♂, 3 ♀, Leech Coll. 1900���64, Chamba (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Leech Coll. 1900���64, Chamba, Thompson (Coll. NHMUK); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, India: Simla, 7000 ft., A.E. Jones, B.M. 1931-101 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Simla, Moore Coll. 94-106 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Dalhousie, 92-98, Harford, 6.II., 9/96 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, [Kullu] Kulu, N India, Rohtang Pass, 3500m, 9���21.VIII.1973, leg. N. Flauger, slide MWM 31799 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 7 ♂, same locality and collector, but 3000m, 20���28.VI.1973 (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, SW Himalaya, Rohtang Pass, 3000m, 26.VII.[19]73, Lf., N. Flauger (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 3 ♀, India, Lahoul, Rohtang Pass, 3000m, 29.VI.1981, leg. W. Thomas, slide ZSM Arct. 56/2017 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, 2 ♀, same locality and collector, but 17���18.VII.1980 (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, India, Hima- laya, H. P., N Manali, S Rothang La, 2400���2800m, 9���10.VII.2000, Grieshuber leg. (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, North Indian Himalaya, H. P., Lahaul, Beas-Tal, vic. Manali, 2100���2300m, 11.VII.���3.VIII.1998, leg. de Freina (Coll. MWM / ZSM); UTTARAKHAND: 1 ♂, Himalayas, Chakrata Bodiar, 28.VI.1906, 6000 ft., C.H. Ward, 1909���133 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Leech Coll. 1900���64, Rala, H. Mc Arthur coll., VIII.1888 (Coll. NHMUK); 9 ♂, 4 ♀, India, Uttar Pradesh, 15 km N Joshimath, Ghangaria, ca. 3050m, 27���31.VII.[19]93, Kautt & Weisz, slide MWM 31798 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 24 ♂, 12 ♀, India, Uttar Pradesh, Grawahl Himal, Gangotri, 25���26.VIII.1997, 3000m, leg. L��szl�� N��dai, coll. Museum Witt, slide ZSM Arct. 55/2017 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 8 ♀, In- dia, U.P., Gangotri, ca. 3100m, 8���9.VIII.[19]93, Kautt & Weisz (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, India, U.P., 10 km ESE Gangotri, ca. 3000m, 10���11.VIII.[19]93, Kautt & Weisz (Coll. MWM / ZSM); SIKKIM: 1 ♂, Sikkim, 95���37 (Coll. NHMUK). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 18���19 mm in males and 19���20 mm in females. Cyana candida is very similar externally to C. trilobata, but can be distinguished by its pure white thorax and shorter red strip on the basal part of forewing costa. The male genitalia of C. candida differ from those of C. trilobata by the less massive vinculum, the much shorter ampulla and the smaller spinules of the distal cluster. The female genitalia of the two species are similar, but in C. candida the apophyses anteriores are slightly shorter, the sclerotized area of the posterior section of corpus bursae is shorter, and the appendix bursae is smaller. Distribution. North and North East India (Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Sikkim) (Hampson 1900; Kishida 1995) and Nepal (present study). The specimens recorded for Nepal by Kishida (1995) belong to C. trilobata., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 52-53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Felder, C. & Rogenhofer, A. F. (1874) Reise der osterreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Behilfen des Commodore B. von Wullerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Band 2. Abtheilung 2. Lepidoptera. Kaiserlich Koniglich Hof- und Staatsdruckerei, Wien, 10 pp., pls. 75 - 120, [in German]","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Kishida, Y. (1995) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 4. Tinea, 14 (Supplement 2), pp. 39 - 43."]}

Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh, Ivanova, Maria S. (2020): A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini). Zootaxa 4738 (1): 1-93, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1

Cyana chrysopeleia N. Singh, Volynkin, Kirti & Datta, sp. nov. (Figs 90���92, 199, 200, 265) Type material. Holotype (Figs 90, 199): ♂, ��� India, Assam, Jatinga, 11.IX.2005 leg. Navneet Singh ���, gen. prep. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Paratypes: ASSAM: 1 ♂, same locality as in the holotype, 28.IX.1995 leg. APS Kaleka (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, same locality, 14.IX.2005 leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, same locality, 9.IX.2008 leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); UTTARAKHAND: 2 ♂, 1 ♀, India sept., Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, BhimTal, 1500 m, leg. F. Smetacek, 13.III.1977 (♀); 24.IX.1979 (1 ♂; 15.IX.1979 (1 ♂) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 6 ♂, 8 ♀, India, Kumaon- Himalaya, Bhimtal, 1500 m, leg. F. Smetaсek, 12.III.1974 (1 ♂), 29.III.1974 (1 ♀); 13.III.1974 (1 ♀); 15.III.1974 (1 ♀); 16.III.1974 (1 ♂, 2 ♀), slides MWM 34409 (♂), MWM 34539 (♂), MWM 35878 (♀) Volynkin; 17.III.1974 (2 ♂); 14.III.1974 (1 ♀); 29.III.1974 (1 ♀); 25.III.1974 (1 ♂); 27.III.1974 (1 ♂); 16.III.1974 (1 ♀) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, N-India, Bhimtal, 1500 m, 8���19.X.80, Dr. Liedgens (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, Indian Himalaya, Uttaranchal, Nainital, Sathkol village, XI.2003, leg. Saluk (Coll. MWM / ZSM); ARUNACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Khonsa, 4.IX.2005 leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); MIZORAM: 1 ♂, India, Mizoram, Thingsul, 13.IX.2008 leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI). Etymology. In ancient Greek mythology, Chrysopeleia is one of Hamadryad nymphs. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 13.5���14.5 mm in males and 16���16.5 mm in females. Cyana chrysopeleia is very similar to the closely related C. atlanteia and can be separated from it by the genitalia structures only. The new species differs from C. intercomma by its larger size, amber yellow forewing pattern (that is darker, apricot orange in C. intercomma), and pure white male hindwing (whereas in male of C. intercomma the hindwing is pale ginger orange). The male genitalia of C. chrysopeleia are most similar to those of C. atlanteia, but differ by their narrower uncus, slightly broader valva with a well-developed medial costal crest, the presence of a bunch of spinules on the medial diverticulum. The male genitalia of the new species differ from those of C. intercomma by the longer and basally narrower uncus, the aedeagus without subapical dentate ring, the vesica without spinules subbasally and distally, the presence of a bunch of spinules on the medial diverticulum, and the shorter dorsal diverticulum with a small subbasal subdiverticulum and slightly smaller spinules on its tip (whereas in C. intercomma the dorsal diverticulum is longer, with larger spinules on its tip, and has no subdiverticulum; the vesica has a subbasal bunch of spinules and a long distal cluster of spinules stretching from the medial part of vesica to the base of the vesica ejaculatorius; the medial diverticulum has no spinules). The female genitalia of C. chrysopeleia differ from those of C. intercomma by the narrower and less sclerotized ductus bursae, the less sclerotized posterior section of the corpus bursae with the shorter but more heavily sclerotized lateral protrusion, the much larger signum, the less sclerotized basal part of the appendix bursae, and the smaller membranous section of the appendix bursae. Distribution. North and North East India (Uttarakhand, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439

Cyana signa (Walker, 1854) (Figs 133���135, 225, 280) Bizone signa Walker, 1854, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum 2: 550 (Type locality: [E Bangladesh or NE India, S Meghalaya] ���Silhet���). = Bizone fasciculata Walker, 1856, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum 7: 1684 (Type locality: ���Hindostan���). Type material examined. Lectotype of Bizone signa (designated herein) (Fig. 133): ♂, handwritten label ���Silhet 47-58��� / printed label ���5. BIZONE SIGNA.��� / printed round label with a green circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597924��� (Coll. NHMUK); lectotype of Bizone fasciculata (designated herein): ♂ without abdomen, handwritten label ���Ind.��� / handwritten label ��� Bizone fasciculata Walk ��� / handwritten label ��� fasciculata n.��� / printed label ���Type��� / handwritten label ���84��� / printed label ���511��� / handwritten label ���A Walker���s type ♂ Bizone fasciculata 7-1684��� / ���TYPE (printed) LEP.: No. 423 Bizone fasciculata Walker (handwritten) HOPE DEPT. OXFORD (printed)��� (Coll. OUMNH). Other material examined. UTTARAKHAND: 18 ♂, 21 ♀, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, Bhim- Tal, 1500 m, leg. de Freina, Himalaya Expedition, 10.V.���30.VI.1971, slides MWM 33884 (♀), MWM 35725 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 27 ♂, 16 ♀, India sept., Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, BhimTal, 1500 m, leg. F. Smetacek, 29.IV.���IX.1978, slide MWM 35726 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, U.P., Nainital, 2100m, 14���20.VI.1975, leg. W. Thomas, slide MWM 33504 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, Ut- tarakhand, Mussoorie, 12.VI.1994, leg. APS Kaleka (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Uttarakhand, Kempty Fall, 13.VI.1994, leg. APS Kaleka (Coll. NZCZSI); SIKKIM: 1 ♂, Sikkim, Lachen, 13.V.2009, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Sikkim, Golitar, 30.IV.2014, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); MEGHALAYA: 2 ♂, Assam, Khasis (Coll. NHMUK). Remarks. 1. Hampson (1900) cited specimens from Khasis as ���Type���, while Bizone signa was described from Sylhet. 2. In the original descriptions of Bizone signa and Bizone fasciculata, Walker (1854; 1856) did not mention a number of specimens, therefore the existence of syntypes is probable. To avoid any confusion with the similar C. adita, here we designate the specimens of both taxa deposited in the NHMUK collection and labeled as ���Type���s as lectotype. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 17���19 mm in males and 20���21 mm in females. Cyana signa differs externally from C. adita by its distal discal spots merged into a dash, and oblique antemedial line. The male genitalia of C. signa differ from those of C. adita by their slightly broader uncus, smaller lateral lobes of vinculum, slightly shorter ampulla, shorter distal lobe of subbasal diverticulum, slightly longer ventral lobe of subbasal diverticulum, and smaller spinules of the distal cluster. The female genitalia of C. signa differ from those of C. adita by the broader ostium bursae, the longer sclerotized area in the posterior section of corpus bursae, and the broader appendix bursae. Distribution. North and North East India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Meghalaya, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur) (Hampson 1900; Singh et al. 2014), Nepal (Kishida 1995; 1998), North Bangladesh (Walker 1854), North Myanmar (Kachin State) (Hampson 1900), China (Tibet, Yunnan) (Fang 2000) and North Thailand (Chiang Mai Prov.) (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009, part). The specimens illustrated by Čern�� & Pinratana (2009) as C. signa belong to C. khasiana, but we found specimens of the true C. signa in the CKC collection. The record for Guangdong (Dubatolov et al. 2012) belongs to female of C. adita., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 50-52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Walker, F. (1854) List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 2. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 303 pp. [pp. 279 - 581]","Walker, F. (1856) List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 7. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 300 pp. [pp. 1509 - 1808]","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Kishida, Y. (1995) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 4. Tinea, 14 (Supplement 2), pp. 39 - 43.","Kishida, Y. (1998) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 5. Tinea, 15 (Supplement 1), pp. 32 - 35.","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.","Dubatolov, V. V., Kishida, Y. & Wang, M. (2012) New records of lichen-moth from the Nanling Mts., Guangdong, South China, with descriptions of new genera and species (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae: Lithosiinae). Tinea, 22 (1), 25 - 52."]}

Cyana arama metis Volynkin & N. Singh, ssp. nov. (Figs 124, 125, 220, 277) Type material. Holotype (Figs 124, 220): ♂, “ Indien, [Uttarakhand] U. P., Kumaon-Himalaya, Bhimtal, 1500 m, 30.II.1976, leg. F. Smetaсek”, slide MWM 34425 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Paratypes: UTTARAKHAND: 25 ♂, 15 ♀, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, BhimTal, 1500 m, leg. de Freina, Himalaya Expedition, 10.V.1971 (1 ♂); 12.V.1971 (1 ♀); 13.V.1971 (2 ♂, 2 ♀); 16.V.1971 (9 ♂, 5 ♀), slide MWM 34426 (♀) Volynkin; 17.V.1971 (1 ♂); 20.V.1971 (4 ♂); 21.V.1971 (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 28.V.1971 (1 ♂); 29.V.1971 (1 ♀); 30.V.1971 (2 ♂); 10.VI.1971 (2 ♂, 5 ♀); 14.VI.1971 (1 ♂); 30.VI.1971 (1 ♂) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 23 ♂, 11 ♀, India sept., Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, BhimTal, 1500 m, leg. F. Smetacek, 18.IX.1974 (1 ♀); 7.V.1977 (1 ♀); 11.IX.1977 (1 ♂); 29.IV.1978 (1 ♂); 22.VI.1978 (1 ♂); 23.VI.1978 (1 ♂); 23.IX.1978 (1 ♂); 24.IX.1978 (1 ♀); IX.1978 (5 ♂, 2 ♀); 28.III.1979 (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 14.VI.1979 (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 14.V.1979 (1 ♂); 25.VIII.1979 (1 ♂); 12.IX.1979 (1 ♂); 17.IX.1979 (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 18.IX.1979 (2 ♂); 20.IX.1979 (2 ♂, 1 ♀); 23.IX.1979 (1 ♀); 24.IX.1979 (1 ♀); 25.IX.1979 (1 ♂); 27.IX.1979 (1 ♂); 29.IX.1979 (1 ♂) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 14 ♂, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. Naini Tal, Bhim Tal, 1500 m, Smetaсek / Bauer, 15.V.1976 (1 ♀); 14.VIII.1976 (1 ♂); 15.VIII.1976 (1 ♂); 18.VIII.1976 (2 ♂); 19.VIII.1976 (3 ♂); 23.VIII.1976 (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 25.VIII.1976 (1 ♂); 15.IX.1980 (1 ♂); 19.IX.1980 (1 ♂); 20.IX.1981 (2 ♂, 1 ♀); 23.IX.1981 (1 ♂) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 15 ♂, 15 ♀, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Bhim- tal, 1500 m, leg. F. Smetaсek, 18.III.1974 (1 ♀); 10.IV.1974 (2 ♂); slide MWM 37064 Volynkin, 1.IX.1976 (1 ♀), slide MWM 37065 Volynkin; 4.IX.1974 (1 ♀); 7.IX.1974 (1 ♀); 8.IX.1974 (1 ♂); 12.IX.1974 (1 ♂); 18.IX.1974 (1 ♀); 24.IX.1974 (1 ♀); 24.IX.1975 (1 ♂, 1 ♀); 26.IX.1975 (1 ♂); 2.X.1975 (2 ♂); 14.VIII.1976 (1 ♂); 6.IX.1976 (1 ♂); 14.IX.1976 (1 ♂); 15–20.IX.1976 (1 ♂, 5 ♀); 26.IX.1976 (1 ♂); 1–12.IX.1977 (1 ♂, 2 ♀); 7–18.IX.1977 (1 ♀); 4.VIII.1979 (1 ♂) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 12 ♂, 4 ♀, Kumaon-Himalaya, Nainital-distr., Bhimtal, 1500 m, leg. F. Smetaсek 17.IX.1973 (1 ♂); 20.IV.1974 (1 ♀); 3.IX.1974 (1 ♂); 8.IX.1974 (1 ♂); 13.IX.1974 (1 ♂); 15.IX.1974 (2 ♀); 25.IX.1974 (1 ♂); 5.IV.1975 (1 ♂); 15.IX.1975 (2 ♂, 1 ♀); 7.X.1975 (1 ♂); 6.IX.1976 (1 ♂); 7.IX.1977 (1 ♂); 14.IX.1977 (1 ♂) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, N. India, Bhimtal, 1500 m, 20.V.1978 (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, NW India, Bhimtal, 1500 m, 18–28.V.79, coll. Dr. Liedgens (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Bhimtal, N. India, 1600 m, 24.VIII.–3.IX.80, Hauenstein (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Nord-India / U.P., Raum Nainital (Kumaon), Bhimtal, 17–20.IX.1973, leg. Erich Bauer (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, India, Bhimtal, 1500 m, 11–20.VI.1975, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Uttarakhand, Chirbatiya, 2.VI.2014, leg. Rahul Ranjan (Coll. NZCZSI); PUNJAB: 1 ♂, N India, Amritsar, 260 m, 5.IX.–8.IX.80, Hauenstein (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Punjab, Dhanaula Khurd, 12.I.1998 leg. APS Kaleka (Coll. NZCZSI). Etymology. In ancient Greek mythology, Metis is a Titaness belonging to the second generation of Titans, the mother of wisdom and deep thought. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 19–19.5 mm in males and 20–21.5 mm in females. Cyana arama metis differs from the nominate subspecies by its narrower and paler amber yellow forewing transverse lines. The male and female genitalia of two subspecies have no significant differences. Distribution. North India (Uttarakhand and Punjab) (Smetacek 2008, as C. arama).

[Cyana selangorica selangorica (Hampson, 1903)] (Figs 144���146, 228, 283) Chionaema selangorica Hampson, 1903, The Annals and magazine of natural history (7) 11 (64): 346 (Type locality: [W Malaysia] ��� Selangor, Semangho, 2700 feet ���). Type material examined. Holotype (by monotypy) (Fig. 144): ♂, handwritten label ��� Selangor. Semangho. 2700 ft. 12.V.1902. H.C. Robinson. 1903���9.��� / handwritten label ��� Chionaema selangorica type ♂. Hmpsn.��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597914��� (Coll. NHMUK). Distribution. Sundaland: Sumatra, Malay Peninsula and Borneo (Holloway 2001; Bucsek 2012). The record for the Nicobar Islands (Arora 1983) belongs to C. conclusa nicobara., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Hampson, G. F. (1903) Descriptions of new Syntomidae and Arctiadae. The Annals and magazine of natural history, Series 7, 11 (64), 337 - 351. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930308678778","Holloway, J. D. (2001) The moths of Borneo: family Arctiidae, subfamily Lithosiinae. Malayan Nature Journal, 7, 279 - 486.","Bucsek, K. (2012) Erebidae, Arctiinae (Lithosiini, Arctiini) of Malay Peninsula-Malaysia. Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, 170 pp.","Arora, G. S. (1983) On the Lepidopterous Fauna of Andaman and Nicobar Group of Islands (India): Family Arctiidae. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 60, 1 - 49."]}

Cyana coccinea flavotincta (Draudt, 1914), stat. nov. (Figs 5–8, 163, 236) Chionaema coccinea form flavotincta Draudt, 1914, Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 10: 174 (Type locality: [N Myanmar, Kachin State] “Bhamo”). Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein) (Fig. 8): ♀, “Bhamo | Nov. | tea” / “ Chionaema | coccinea | ab. flavotincta | Holotype Strand Draudt | Hampson Ab. 1.” / “Moore Coll. 94–106.” / round label with a red circle “ Type ” / label with a unique identifier “NMHUK010402097” (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. INDIA. ASSAM: 3 ♂, 8 ♀, NE India, Assam, Kaziranga Wild Life, Pan Bari Reserv [e] Forest, 26°45’N, 93°10’E, 100 m, 12–21.XI.1997, leg. V. Siniaev & M. Murzin, slides MWM 34419 (♂), MWM 34420 (♀) and ZSM Arct. 2019 - 528 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Remarks. 1. Draudt (1914) described Chionaema coccinea form flavotincta for the specimens mentioned by Hampson (1900) as “Ab. 1”. Despite Hampson (1900) cited two males and three females, we found only one female originating from Bhamo and labeled as “Type” in the NHMUK collection. To avoid any confusion in the future, here we designate this specimen as lectotype. 2. Like some other species of Cyana (e.g., C. puer and C. khasiana), C. c. flavotincta is represented by two color forms: the orange (type) and the most common crimson ones. The most specimens from Assam are crimson, but one female (Figs 7, 236) has an orange patterned thorax, orange transverse lines and pale orange hindwing similar to those of the lectotype from Myanmar (Fig. 8). The genitalia of these two forms have no differences. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 13–13.5 mm in males and 16.5–17 mm in females. Male of C. c. flavotincta differs from that of the nominate subspecies by its smaller size, and paler, yellow subbasal and discal areas of forewing (those are orange in C. c. coccinea). Female of C. c. flavotincta differs clearly from that of C. c. coccinea by its smaller size and slightly narrower transverse lines. The male genitalia of two subspecies are very similar, but in C. c. flavotincta the apical diverticulum of vesica is shorter. Female genitalia of the two subspecies have no significant differences. Distribution. North East India (Assam: first record for India) and North Myanmar (Kachin State) (Hampson 1900; Draudt 1914).

Cyana rudloffi Volynkin & N. Singh, sp. nov. (Figs 37, 38, 177, 250) Type material. Holotype (Figs 37, 177): ♂, India, M. Andaman, Karmatang, 1.5 km E, 12,5072°N, 92,5610°E, 17– 22.08.2001, leg. Jan-Peter Rudloff, coll. Dr. R. Brechlin, slide MWM 35678 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Paratypes: THE ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: 1 ♂, India, Andaman Isl., North Andaman, Baratang Isl., 21–22.III.1998, leg. E. Grigorjev & V. Siniaev, ex coll. Dr. A. Schintlmeister, slide MWM 34512 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, same data as in the holotype, slide MMW 35678 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, 6 ♀, India, M. Andaman, Tugapure— 3 km S, 12,4889°N, 92,4929°E, 14–16.VIII.2001, leg. Jan-Peter Rudloff, coll. Dr. R. Brechlin, slide MMW 35679 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, S. Andaman, Port Blair—Mt. Harriet, 11,4321°N, 92,4403°E, 23–24.VIII.2001, leg. Jan-Peter Rudloff, coll. Dr. R. Brechlin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, Andaman Isl., Mt. Harriet National Park, Port Blair, 200m, 4–6.III.1998, leg. A. Kamenev & V. Siniaev, ex coll. Dr. A. Schintlmeister, slide MWM 34544 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Etymology. The species is dedicated to Jan-Peter Rudloff, collector of the type series. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 12.5–13.5 mm in males and 14.5–15 mm in females. Cyana rudloffi is a closest relative of the continental C. obliquilineata. The male of the new species differs externally from that of C. obliquilineata by the red subcostal patch in the postmedial area only (that is blackish in C. obliquilineata). The female of C. rudloffi differs by its broader ante- and postmedial and subterminal lines. In the male genitalia, C. rudloffi differs from C. obliquilineata by its slightly broader valva with costa being strongly angled medially, more robust distal saccular process being more broadened distally, thinner spinules of the lateral clusters in the vesica, and the shorter and broader distal diverticulum of vesica bearing slightly more robust spinules apically. The female genitalia of C. rudloffi differ clearly from those of C. obliquilineata by the longer and continuous band of more robust spinules in the posterior section of corpus bursae (in C. obliquilineata that is shorter and interrupted into two bands). Distribution. Endemic of the Andaman Islands (Arora 1983, as subornata).

Cyana dohertyi eirene Volynkin & N. Singh, ssp. nov. (Figs 102, 103, 205, 269) Type material. Holotype (Figs 102, 205): ♂, ��� Indien, [Uttarakhand] U. P., Kumaon-Himalaya, Bhimtal, 1500 m, 12.IV.1976, leg. F. Smetaсek���, slide MWM 31804 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Paratypes: INDIA. HIMACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♂, N.W. Himalaya (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, India, H.P., Kan- daghat, 1500m, 9���10.VI.1975, leg. W. Thomas, slide MWM 35885 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); UTTARA- KHAND: 6 ♂, India sept., Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, BhimTal, 1500 m, leg. F. Smetacek, 10.VII.1979 (1 ♂); 18.IX.1979 (2 ♂); 22.IX.1979 (1 ♂); 24.IX.1979 (2 ♂) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, 3 ♀, India sept., Kumaon- Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, BhimTal, 1500 m, Smetacek / Bauer, 31.VIII.1976 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), slide MWM 35881 (♂) Volynkin; 1.IX.1976 (1 ♂, 1 ♀), slide MWM 35880 (♂) Volynkin; 11.IX.1976 (1 ♀) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Bhimtal, 1500 m, leg. F. Smetaсek 3.V.1975 (1 ♂); 12.VI.1976 (1 ♂), slide MWM 31804 (♂) Volynkim; 5.IX.1976 (1 ♂); 24.IX.1975 (1 ♀); 1.X.1977 (1 ♂) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, Bhim- tal, 1500 m, 11���20.VI.1975, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, BhimTal, 20���23.V.1981, 1500 m, leg. C. Holzschuh (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, N-India, Bhimtal, 1500 m, 14���30.VII.1979, coll. Dr. Liedgens, slides MWM 31802 (♂), MWM 35884 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 11 ♂, 2 ♀, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, BhimTal, 1500 m, leg. de Freina, Himalaya Expedition, 16.V.1971 (1 ♂); 26.V.1971 (2 ♂); 10.V.1971 (4 ♂, 1 ♀); 10.VI.1971 (1 ♂), slide MWM 35883 (♂) Volynkin; 12.VI.1971 (2 ♂); 18.VI.1971 (1 ♂, 1 ♀) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, Kumaon-Himalaya, Distr. NainiTal, BhimTal, 1500 m, 21.VI.1981, leg. Smetaсek (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, Kumaon-Himalaya, Nainital-distr., Bhim- tal, 1500 m, leg. F. Smetaсek, 30.V.1978 (1 ♂), 1.VII.1978 (2 ♂) (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 5 ♀, Bhimtal, N.- India, 1600 m, 24.VIII.���3.IX.80, Hauenstein, slide MWM 35882 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM ) . PAKISTAN. AZAD JAMMU & KASHMIR: 1 ♂, Pakistan, Kashmir, Himalaya Mts., 20 km В Muzaffarabad, Nara village, 750m, 73��29���E 34��01���N, 20.V.1998, leg. Gy.M. L��szl�� & G. Ronkay, coll. Museum Witt, slide MWM 31801 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 8 ♂, 3 ♀, Pakistan, Kashmir, Himalaya Mts., 30 km N Murree, near Nathia Ghali, Ayubia vil- lage, 2600m, 23.V.1998, leg. Gy.M. L��szl�� & G. Ronkay, coll. Museum Witt, slides ZSM Arct. 71/2017 ♂, ZSM Arct. 72/2017 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Etymology. In the Greek mythology, Eirene was one of the Horae, the personification of peace. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 15���16.5 mm in males and 17���18 mm in females. Cyana dohertyi eirene differs from the nominate subspecies and C. d. mertsana (illustrated by Volynkin et al. (2019)) by its narrower and paler yellow transverse lines. The male and female genitalia of the new subspecies have no significant differences from those of the nominate subspecies. Compared to those of C. d. mertsana (illustrated by Volynkin et al. (2019)), the male genitalia of C. d. eirene have the slightly narrower sacculus with slightly weaker distal process, and the slightly shorter band-like cluster of spinules on the largest diverticulum of vesica. The female genitalia of C. d. eirene differ from those of C. d. mertsana (illustrated by Volynkin et al. (2019)) by the slightly shorter sclerotized posterior section of cospus bursae. Distribution. Western Himalaya: Pakistan (Azad Jammu & Kashmir) and North India (Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand) (Smetacek 2008, as C. dohertyi)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Smetacek, P. (2008) Moths recorded from different elevations in Nainital district, Kumaon Himalaya, India. Bionotes, 10 (1), 5 - 15."]}

Cyana perornata (Walker, 1854) (Figs 150���152, 231, 285) Bizone perornata Walker, 1854, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum 2: 548 (Type locality: [E Bangladesh or NE India, S Meghalaya] ���Silhet���). Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein) (Fig. 150): ♀, handwritten label ���Silhet. 45-33��� / printed label ���1. Bizone perornata. ��� / printed round label with a green circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010402101��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. WEST BENGAL: 2 ♂, India W.B., 850 m, Darjeeling, Pashok, 4.VII.1986, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, W.B., 650m, Darjeeling, Rambi, 28.III.1986, leg. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34443 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); ASSAM: 7 ♂, NE India, Assam, Kaziranga Wild Life, Pan Bari Reserve Forest, 26��45���N, 93��10���E, 100 m, 12���21.XI.1997, leg. V. Siniaev & M. Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, NE India, Assam, Nameri Nat. Park, 40 km N Tezpur, 150 m, 27��20���N, 93��15���E, 24.VII���2.VIII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin, slide MWM 34444 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); MEGHALAYA: 1 ♂, NE India, Assam, W Megha- laya, Garo Hills, Nokrek National Park, 25��40���N, 91��04���E, 1150 m, 2���13.VII.1997, leg. Afonin & Sinajev (Coll. MWM / ZSM); MIZORAM : 1 ♀, Mizoram, Thingsul, 18.IX.2009, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Raga, 5.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); ARUNACHAL PRADESH : 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Daporijo, 7.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Remark. The species was described based on several specimens from two distant localities (Sylhet and Java) (Walker 1854). To avoid any confusion in the future, here we designate the female specimen deposited in the NHMUK collection and labeled as ���Type��� as lectotype, and fix the species��� type locality as ���Silhet���. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 22���24 mm in males and 23���25 mm in females. Cyana perornata can be easily distinguished from other Indian congeners by its large size and the presence of only one black discal spot in both sexes. In the male genitalia, the sclerotized valva apex, the large ampulla directed distally and the long and narrow aedeagus are characteristic. In the female genitalia, the ductus bursae is heavily sclerotized, extremely long and strongly connected to the 7 th abdominal sternite. Distribution. North East India (Hampson 1900; Singh et al. 2014), Nepal (Kishida 1994), Bangladesh (Walker 1854), China (Yunnan) (Fang 2000), Thailand (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009), Vietnam, Cambodia (Bayarsaikhan & Bae 2016) and Sundaland (Holloway 2001; Bucsek 2012)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 55-57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Walker, F. (1854) List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 2. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 303 pp. [pp. 279 - 581]","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Kishida, Y. (1994) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 3. Tinea, 14 (Supplement 1), pp. 66 - 71.","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.","Bayarsaikhan, U. & Bae, Y. S. (2016) A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from Cambodia, with description of new species. Zootaxa, 4114 (4), 447 - 463. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4114.4.5","Holloway, J. D. (2001) The moths of Borneo: family Arctiidae, subfamily Lithosiinae. Malayan Nature Journal, 7, 279 - 486.","Bucsek, K. (2012) Erebidae, Arctiinae (Lithosiini, Arctiini) of Malay Peninsula-Malaysia. Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, 170 pp."]}

Genus Cyana Walker, 1854 Cyana Walker, 1854, List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum 2: 528. Type species: Cyana detrita Walker, 1854 by monotypy., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Walker, F. (1854) List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 2. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 303 pp. [pp. 279 - 581]"]}

Cyana adita (Moore, 1859) (Figs 130���132, 224, 279) Bizone Adita Moore in Horsfield & Moore, 1859, A catalogue of the lepidopterous insects in the Museum of Natural History at the East-India House 2: 306, pl. 79, fig. 11 (Type locality: ���N. India ���). = Bizone bifasciata Poujade, 1886, Bulletin de la Soci��t�� entomologique de France (6) 6: CXXIV [124] (Type locality: [China, Sichuan] ���de Mou-Pin (Thibet)���). = Bizone walkeri Elwes, 1890, Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London 1890: 393, pl. 32, fig. 7 (Type locality: ��� Sikkim ���). Type material examined. Lectotype of Bizone Adita (designated herein) (Fig. 132): ♀, handwritten label ���Sikhim Col. Buckley��� / handwritten label ��� adita type Moore��� / printed label ���Ind. Mus. 79.64.��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597925��� (Coll. NHMUK); photographs of lectotype of Bizone bifasciata (designated herein) (https://science.mnhn.fr/institution/mnhn/collection/el/item/el54 082?listIndex=1&listCount=40): ♀, ��� Bizone bifasciata Pouj. Ann. Soc. Ent. 1886 Bullet. CXXIV��� / ���MUS.HIST. NAT. A. DAVID Moupin (Thibet) 1871��� / ���1523 70��� / ���Sampled [BOLD]: BC-MNHN0429��� / round label ���LEC- TOTYPE��� / red label ��� LECTOTYPE ��� / label with a unique identifier ���MNHN, Paris EL54082��� (Coll. MNHN). Other material examined. HIMACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♂, N.W. Himalayas, Simla (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Dalhousie (Harford) (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, 3 ♀, Kangra (Hocking) (Coll. NHMUK); WEST BENGAL: 5 ♂, 3 ♀, India, WB, Darjeeling, 2100m, 28.VIII���1.IX.1988, leg. W. Thomas, slides MWM 35727 (♂), MWM 35728 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 7 ♂, India, W.B., Darjeeling, Tigerhill, 2400m, end of VI.1987, leg. Dr. W. Thomas, slide MWM 33497 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); SIKKIM: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Sikhim (Liderdale) (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Sikkim, Knyvett / Collectio H. J. Elwes, slide AV2072 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 3 ♂, India, Sikkim, Dodak, 6.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Sikkim, Golitar, 1.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♂, India, Sikkim, Golitar, 30.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, India, Sikkim, Golitar, 1.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Sikkim, Golitar, 25.IV.09, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, India, Sikkim, Yuksom, 2.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♂, India, Sikkim, Yuksom, 3.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, India, Sikkim, Phusrey Lake, 30.IV.09, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 4 ♂, India, Sikkim, Padamchen, 3.V.09, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♀, India, Sikkim, Padamchen, 3.V.09, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Sikkim, Padamchen, 4.V.09, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Sikkim, Dentam, 10.V.09, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 9 ♀, India, Sikkim, Golitar, 25.IV.09, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 4 ♀, India, Sikkim, Golitar, 26.IV.09, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♀, India, Sikkim, Golitar, 30.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♀, India, Sikkim, Golitar, 1.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♀, India, Sikkim, Yuksom, 2.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 5 ♀, India, Sikkim, Yuksom, 3.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♀, India, Sikkim, Padamchen, 3.V.09, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♀, India, Sikkim, Phusrey lake, 30.IV.09, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India, Okhrey, 23.IX.14, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India, Okhrey, 24.IX.14, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♀, India, Dodak, 6.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India, Meghalaya, Pynursla, 11.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, India Sikkim, Ravangla, 7.V.09, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); ARUNACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♂, Arunachal Pradesh, Dirang, 1.V.13, leg. Abhinav Saxena (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Dirang, 2.V.13, (Coll. Abhi- nav Saxsena) (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Arunachal Pradesh, Dirang, 11.V.16, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Remarks. 1. In the original description of Bizone Adita, Moore (1859) did not mention a number of specimens, therefore the existence of syntypes is possible. To avoid any confusion with the similar species C. signa, here we designate the female specimen deposited in NHMUK and labeled as ���Type��� as lectotype. 2. In the original description of Bizone bifasciata, Poujade (1886) cited three specimens of both sexes, which are syntypes. One of them (female) is labeled as lectotype (this designation is not valid as it is never published) and its photos are published in the MNHN website. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, here we designate this specimen as lectotype. 3. The type of Bizone walkeri Elwes is not found in the NHMUK collection. Here we follow Hampson (1900) and Strand (1922) and consider this taxon to be a synonym of C. adita. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 16���18 mm in males and 20���21.5 mm in females. Cyana adita is very similar to C. signa, and can be distinguished by its separated distal discal spots and slightly more curved and wavy antemedial line (that is oblique and almost straight in C. signa). The male genitalia of C. adita differ from those of C. signa by their slightly narrower uncus, larger lateral lobes of vinculum, slightly longer ampulla, longer distal lobe of subbasal diverticulum, shorter ventral lobe of subbasal diverticulum, and more robust spinules of the distal cluster. The female genitalia of C. adita differ from those of C. signa by the narrower ostium bursae, the shorter sclerotized area in the posterior section of corpus bursae, and the narrower appendix bursae. Distribution. Pakistan (Azad Jammu & Kashmir) (present study), North and North East India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, north of West Bengal, Sikkim, Assam, Meghalaya and Arunachal Pradesh) (Hampson 1900; Strand 1922; Smetacek 2008; Singh et al. 2014), Nepal (Kishida 1993; 1994), China (Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangdong, Hubei, Fujian) (Poujade 1886; Fang 2000; Dubatolov et al. 2012), North Thailand (Chiang Mai Prov.) and North Vietnam (Fan-si-pan Mts) (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 49-50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Moore, F. (1859) Bombyces. In: Horsfield, T. & Moore, F. (Eds.), A Catalogue of the lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of natural History at East-India House. Vol. 2. WM. H. Allen and Co., London, pp. 279 - 440.","Poujade, G. - A. (1886) [Untitled]. Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, Series 6, 6, cxxiv-cxxv (124 - 125).","Elwes, H. J. (1890) On some new moths from India. Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1890, 378 - 401, pls. 32 - 34.","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Strand, E. (1922) Arctiidae: Subfam. Lithosiinae. In: Wagner, H. (Ed.), Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Vol. 26. W. Yunk, Berlin, pp. 1 - 899. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 146589","Smetacek, P. (2008) Moths recorded from different elevations in Nainital district, Kumaon Himalaya, India. Bionotes, 10 (1), 5 - 15.","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Kishida, Y. (1993) Arctiidae: Lithosiinae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 2. Tinea, 13 (Supplement 3), pp. 36 - 40.","Kishida, Y. (1994) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 3. Tinea, 14 (Supplement 1), pp. 66 - 71.","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Dubatolov, V. V., Kishida, Y. & Wang, M. (2012) New records of lichen-moth from the Nanling Mts., Guangdong, South China, with descriptions of new genera and species (Lepidoptera, Arctiidae: Lithosiinae). Tinea, 22 (1), 25 - 52.","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp."]}

Cyana coccinea coccinea (Moore, 1878) (Figs 3, 4, 162, 235) Bizone coccinea Moore, 1878, Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London 1878: 28, pl. 3, fig. 14 (Type locality: ��� Sikkim ���). = coccina, misspelling. Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein): ♂, handwritten label ��� Sikkim ♂ ��� (upper side) ��� Bizone coccinea (type) Moore ��� (under side) / printed label ���Moore Coll. 94���106��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010402096��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. SIKKIM: 24 ♂, India, Sikkim, Legship, 500 m, 24���28.VII.1990, leg. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34417 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); WEST BENGAL: 5 ♀, India, Darjeeling, 5 km oberh. Rambi, 800 m, 30.VII.1990, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, 2 ♀, India W.B., Darjeeling, Manjitar, 700 m, 20.VII.1990, leg. Dr. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34418 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM). Remark. In the original description, Moore (1878) did not mention a number of specimens therefore the existence of syntypes is possible. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, we designate the specimen labeled as ���type��� as lectotype. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 13���14.5 mm in males and 18���19 mm in females. Cyana coccinea coccinea can be distinguished from other members of the C. insularis group (sensu Lourens 2017) by its orange and red forewing in males (those are white and red in other species). Externally female of C. coccinea coccinea is similar to C. weerawoothi Lourens, 2017 (Figs. 9, 10) described from Thailand, but differs by its slightly larger size and slightly narrower red parts of ante- and postmedial lines. The male genitalia of all species of the C. insularis group are very similar. Cyana coccinea differs from C. weerawoothi (Fig. 164) by its longer and distally narrowed subbasal dorsal diverticulum, smaller apical diverticulum, larger cluster of spinules on the lateral diverticulum, and its smaller lateral patch of the ventral diverticulum. The female genitalia of C. coccinea differ from those of C. weerawoothi (Fig. 237) by their sclerotized cervix bursae being shorter and more narrowly rugose, smaller and less dentate rugose sclerotized postero-lateral cluster of corpus bursae, and its lateral band-like signum being broader anteriorly. Distribution. The nominate subspecies is Himalayan, known from North-East India (Sikkim and north of West Bengal) (Hampson 1900) and Nepal (Kishida 1995; 1998, as coccina, missp.). The records for Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009; Bayarsaikhan & Bae 2016) belong to C. weerawoothi., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Moore, F. (1878) A revision of certain genera of European and Asiatic Lithosiinae, with characters of new genera and species. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 1878, 3 - 37, pls. 1 - 3. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1878. tb 07927. x","Lourens, J. H. (2017) The Cyana insularis - group (Arctiidae, Lithosiinae, Cyana Walker 1854) with fifteen Insular and Mainland SE Asian taxa (seven nov. sp. / two nov. ssp.) and seven habitus look-alikes (two nov. sp.) from likely parallel developing lineage (s). Entomofauna, 38 (12), 233 - 300.","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Kishida, Y. (1995) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 4. Tinea, 14 (Supplement 2), pp. 39 - 43.","Kishida, Y. (1998) Arctiidae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 5. Tinea, 15 (Supplement 1), pp. 32 - 35.","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.","Bayarsaikhan, U. & Bae, Y. S. (2016) A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from Cambodia, with description of new species. Zootaxa, 4114 (4), 447 - 463. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4114.4.5"]}

Cyana linatula (Swinhoe, 1891), stat. rev. (Figs 30–32, 175, 248) Bizone linatula Swinhoe, 1891, Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1891: 135 (Type locality: [India, Maharashtra] “Khandalla and Matheran”). Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein) (Fig. 32): ♀, handwritten label “1801 Khandalla 10-86” / handwritten label “ Bizone linatula Swinhoe type” / printed round label with a red circle “Type” / printed label with a unique identifier “NHMUK010918024” (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. MEGHALAYA: 2 ♂, NE India, Assam, W Meghalaya, Garo Hills, Nokrek Nation- al Park, 25°40’N, 91°04’E, 1150 m, 2–13.VII. 1997, leg. Afonin & Sinajev, slide MWM 34509 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); TAMIL NADU: 9 ♂, India mer., 1000 m, Tamil Nadu, Kalkad, Wildlife Sanctuary, Manjolai, 6– 7.IV.1997, 8.15’N, 77.27’E, tea estate / rainforest, Sinjaev & Schintlmeister, slides MWM 34407 (♂), MWM 34510 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, India, T. N., Palani Hills, Perumalmatay, 1500m, 14.VII.1990, leg. W. Thomas, slides AV4649 ♂, AV4650 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, T. N., Shevaroy Hills, Yercaud, 1200m, 16–17.VII.1990, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. CKC); 2 ♂, T. N., Anthiyur, 11.V.2015, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZC- ZSI); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, T.N., Naduvattam, 22.V.2015, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, T.N., Alangayam, 15.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); KERALA: 1 ♂, India mer., Kerala, 6 km N Munnar, 1700 m, Kodalar, Tea Estate, 10.06’N / 77.04’E, 14–15.IV.1997, leg. Schintlmeister & Siniaev, Mountain rainforest, 14°C (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Kerala, Aralam WLS, 16.VII.2013, leg. Rahul Ranjan (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, Kerala, Koni, 9.VIII.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, Kerala, Attapadi, 17.VIII.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); KARNATAKA: 1 ♀, Karnataka, Madikeri, 24.IX.2003, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Karnataka, Agumbe, 19.XI.2015, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Remarks. 1. This taxon was treated as a junior synonym of Cyana subornata (Walker, 1854) distributed in Sri Lanka (Hampson 1900; Draudt 1914; Strand 1922). However, significant external and genital differences prove its species status. 2. In the original description, Swinhoe (1891) did not mention a number of specimens, but cited two localities therefore the existence of syntypes is obvious. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, we designate the specimen deposited in NHMUK and labeled as ‘type’ as lectotype. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 13–13.5 mm in males and 15–16 mm in females. Cyana linatula is a closest relative of C. subornata (Figs 28, 29), but can be easily distinguished by its inner black edging of the antemedial line and outer black edging of the postmedial line, whereas in C. subornata both lines are pure red. The male genitalia of C. linatula differ from those of C. subornata (Fig. 174) by the larger ventral subbasal diverticulum, the larger dorsal medial diverticulum, and the presence of a cluster of small spinules on the tip of the distal diverticulum. The female genitalia of C. linatula differ from those of C. subornata (Fig. 247) by their broader ostium bursae, more strongly rugose posterior section of corpus bursae, and more robust spinulose scobination of the appendix bursae. Distribution. India (Rajasthan, Meghalaya, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala) (Singh et al. 2014, as C. subornata). The record for the Andaman Islands (Swinhoe 1891) belongs to C. rudloffi.

Cyana khasiana Hampson, 1897 (Figs 112���117, 210���213, 273, 274) Cyana khasiana Hampson, 1897, Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 11: 296 (Type locality: [NE India, Meghalaya, Khasi Hills] ���Kh��sis���). = Chionaema hampsoni Kaleka, 2003, Entomon, 28 (4): 380, figs 1���7 (Type locality: ��� Arunachal Pradesh: West Kameng District, Bombdila, 2430 m ���), syn. nov. Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein): 1 ♂ (Fig. 112), printed label ���Khasis. Nat. Coll.��� / hand- written label ���96-43 (upper side) Cyana khasiana type ♂. Hmpsn. (under side)��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597911��� (Coll. NHMUK); paralectotypes: 2 ♀, printed label ���Khasis. Nat. Coll.��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. SIKKIM: 1 ♂, India, Sikkim, Pemayangtse, 2000m, 23���28.VII.1990, leg. Dr. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34441 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 4 ♂, 2 ♀, India-Sikkim, Pemayangtse, 1200 m, be- low Rimbi, 26.VIII.1988, Lf., leg. Dr. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34442 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Sik- kim, Golitar, 26.IV.2009, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♂, Sikkim, Golitar, 30.IV.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Sikkim, Golitar, 01.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); WEST BENGAL: 2 ♀, India WB, Darjeeling, 2100 m, 28.VIII.���1.IX.1988, leg. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, India W.B., Darjeeling, above Rambi, ca. 800 m, 7���8.VIII.1989, leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); ASSAM: 1 ♀, Assam (Coll. NHMUK); MEGHALAYA: 1 ♂, Khasis. Nat. Coll. / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939���1 / 448, slide NHMUK010315750 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Khasis. Nat. Coll. / Collectio H. J. Elwes / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939��� 1, slides NHMUK010315751 (♂), NHMUK010313269 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Khasis. Nat. Coll. / 97.164, slide NHMUK010315752 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Assam: Shillong, H.M. Parish, B.M. 1923- 247 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Khasis. Nat. Coll. / Collectio H. J. Elwes / round label with a yellow circle ��� paratype ��� / Chionaema khasiana Hampson det. A. Watson 1962, slide AV1877 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Umkiang, 8.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); ARUNACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♂, Arunachal Pradesh, Go- dak, 05.IV.2009 leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI). Remarks. 1. Hampson (1897) described the species based on an unknown number of syntypes of both sexes. Three of them are found in the NHMUK collection. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, here we designate the male specimen labeled as ���Type��� as lectotype. 2. All syntypes of various Lithosiini species received by ZFMK as a result of exchange with NHMUK are labeled as paratypes. However, the male specimen of C. khasiana deposited in the ZFMK collection and labeled as ��� Paratype ��� is not a syntype in fact. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 16���20 mm in males and 20.5���24 mm in females. The species is represented by two color forms: the widespread red lined one (described as hampsoni Kaleka, 2003) (Figs 114���117, 212, 213, 274) and the typical form with amber yellow transverse lines found in Khasi Hills only (Figs 112, 113, 210, 211, 273). In addition, in males distal black spots may be connected (Figs 112, 114, 116) or separated (Fig. 117) as well. This variation is found in both color forms. The yellow lined form of C. khasiana resembles externally C. arama, but differs by its narrower antemedial line being almost straight and only slightly curved at wing costa (that is strongly S-like curved in C. arama), smaller discal black spots, narrower postmedial line, the absence of a subterminal line, and the pure white hindwing (that is pale ochreous orange in C. arama). The red lined form is similar to C. signa and C. adita, but can be distinguished by their slightly broader forewings with broader transverse lines and larger black spots; in addition, females of C. khasiana have the postmedial line curved inwards at costa, whereas in C. signa and C. adita that is curved outwards. In the male genitalia, C. khasiana differs clearly from C. arama by its narrower and U-shaped uncus, less developed medial crest of valva, broader distal section of valva, slightly shorter and broader distal saccular process, narrower aedeagus and the vesica shape. Female genitalia of C. khasiana differ from those of C. arama by the smaller anterior section of the corpus bursae, the smaller signum, the sclerotized basal section of the appendix bursae, and the much larger distal membranous section of the appendix bursae. Distribution. North East India (Sikkim, Assam and Meghalaya) (Singh et al. 2014), Arunachal Pradesh, north of West Bengal (present study), China (Sichuan and Yunnan Provinces) (present study), North Thailand (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009, as a part of C. signa) and North Vietnam (Fan-si-pan Mts.) (present study)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 43, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Hampson, G. F. (1897) The moths of India. Supplementary paper to the volumes in \" The fauna of British India \". Part I-II. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 11 (2), 277 - 297, pl. A.","Kaleka, A. S. (2003) Report of a new species of Genus Chionaema Herrich- Schaffer (Lithosiinae: Arctiidae: Lepidoptera) from India. Entomon, 28 (4), 379 - 383.","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp."]}

Cyana dohertyi dohertyi (Elwes, 1890) (Figs 98���101, 204, 268) Bizone dohertyi Elwes, 1890, Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London 1890: 394, pl. 32, fig. 4 (Type locality: ���at Mao, on the Manipur side of the Naga Hills���). Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein): ♂ (Fig. 98), handwritten label ��� Mao Manipur S. 7000 ft. Doherty. ��� / handwritten label ��� Bizone dohertyi type ♂ ��� / printed label ��� Collectio H. J. Elwes ��� / printed label ���Roth- schild Bequest B.M. 1939���1.��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010402112��� (Coll. NHMUK); paralectotypes: 1 ♀ (Fig. 99), handwritten label ��� Mao Manipur S. 7000 ft. Doherty. ��� / handwritten label ��� Bizone dohertyi type ♀ ��� / printed label ��� Collectio H. J. Elwes ��� / printed label ���Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939���1.��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010604487��� (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂ (Fig. 100), handwritten label ��� Mao Manipur S. 7000 ft. Doherty. ��� / printed label ���Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939���1.��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010604488���, slide NHMUK010313263 Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. SIKKIM: 1 ♂, Sikkim, 22.IX. [18]89, J.G. Pilcher (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Sik- kim, 24.IV.[18]89, J.G. Pilcher (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Sikkim, 3000 ft., VIII.[18]91 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, 1 ♂, Sikkim, Chungthang, 28.IV.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♂, 4 ♀, Sikkim, Yuksom, 2.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 4 ♂, 1 ♀, Sikkim, Dodak, 6.V.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 4 ♀, Sikkim, Okhrey, 24.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); WEST BENGAL: 1 ♂, 3 ♀, Gopaldhara, Mirik, Sikkim (H. Stevens), slide NHMUK010313264 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Gopaldhara, Darjeeling, 3000���5000 ft., H. Stevens (Coll. NHMUK); ASSAM: 1 ♂, Assam, Garampani, 28.IX.15, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); MEGHA- LAYA: 1 ♂, Khasis, Nat. Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Khasis, IV.1894, Nat. Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Khasis, IX.1894, Native Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Ialong, 18.IX.2015, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, Meghalaya, Mawsynram, 27.VIII.2014, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Meghalaya, Pynursla, 11.IX.14, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Cherrapunji, 12.IX.15 leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); MANIPUR: 1 ♀, Manipur (Coll. NHMUK); ARUNACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♂, 2 ♀ Arunachal Pradesh, Naharlagun, 28.IV.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, Arunachal Pradesh, Raga, 4.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 7 ♂, 6 ♀ Arunachal Pradesh, Raga, 5.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Arunachal Pradesh, Poma, 7.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, Arunachal Pradesh, Bombdila, 11.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Remarks. 1. Elwes (1890) described the species based on three syntypes, two males and one female. All three specimens are found in the NHMUK collection (Figs 98���100). In order to stabilize the nomenclature, here we designate the male specimen labeled as ���Type��� as lectotype. 2. Notes on the taxonomy of the C. dohertyi species-group were published by Volynkin et al. (2017; 2019). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 15���17 mm in males and 18���19 mm in females. Cyana dohertyi can be easily distinguished from other Indian species of Cyana by the combination of features such as amber yellow forewing pattern, three well-developed round black discal spots on forewing of both sexes, and the presence of a discal spot on hindwing (among Indian species the hindwing discal spot is present only in the C. divakara ��� C. britomartis species pair). The male genital capsule of C. dohertyi is similar to that of C. sikkimensis, but in C. dohertyi the valva is slightly narrower and the distal saccular process is longer. The vesica configuration of C. dohertyi is similar to that of C. sikkimensis, C. divakara and C. britomartis, but in C. dohertyi the largest medial diverticulum bears a long semilunar cluster of short spinules ringing it, whereas in C. sikkimensis, C. divakara and C. britomartis medial diverticulum bears one or two broad clusters of spinules. The female genitalia of C. dohertyi is most similar to that of C. sikkimensis, but differ by the much narrower posterior sclerotized section of the corpus bursae, the larger signum, and the shorter but broader basal sclerotized part of the appendix bursae. Distribution. The nominate subspecies is distributed from Eastern Himalaya (North East India (Sikkim, north of West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Arunachal Pradesh and Manipur) and Central and East Nepal (Kishida 1993, as C. sikkimensis)) to the Chinese province of Yunnan (Fang 1992; 2000). The populations from North Thailand (Chiang Mai Province) and North Vietnam (Fan-si-pan Mts.) belong to the subspecies C. d. mertsana Volynkin & Čern��, 2019. The record for the Chinese province of Sichuan (Daniel 1952) belongs to C. lada Volynkin, Čern�� & Saldaitis, 2019 (Volynkin et al. 2019). The record for the Chinese province of Shaanxi (Daniel 1952) is doubtful and needs confirmation., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 36-37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Elwes, H. J. (1890) On some new moths from India. Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1890, 378 - 401, pls. 32 - 34.","Volynkin, A. V., Cerny, K., & Dubatolov, V. V. (2017) A new species of Cyana Walker, 1854 from Vietnam (Lepidoptera: Eribidae: Arctiinae). Zootaxa, 4269 (3), 438 - 446. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4269.3.7","Kishida, Y. (1993) Arctiidae: Lithosiinae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 2. Tinea, 13 (Supplement 3), pp. 36 - 40.","Fang, C. (1992) Studies on the genus Cyana Walker of China (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Lithosiinae). Sinozoologia, 9, 255 - 267. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Daniel, F. (1952) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Arctiidae Ostasiens unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Ausbeuten von Dr. h. c. H. Hone aus diesem Gebiet (Lep. - Het.). III. Teil: Lithosiinae. Bonner zoologische Beitrage, 3 (3 - 4), 305 - 324. [in German]","Volynkin, A. V., Cerny, K., Saldaitis, A. & Ivanova, M. S. (2019) On the correct identification of ' Cyana dohertyi (Elwes, 1890) ' from northern Indochina and China, with descriptions of two new species and a new subspecies (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae). Zootaxa, 4658 (1), 155 - 167. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4658.1.7"]}

Cyana quadrinotata (Walker, 1869) (Figs 58���62, 188, 189, 256) Bizone quadrinotata Walker, 1869, Characters of undescribed Lepidoptera Heterocera: 90 (Type locality: not stated). = Bizone pallens Butler, 1877, Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 1877: 338 (Type locality: ���Moulmein, Silhet, North India ���). = alborosea auct. Type material examined. Lectotype of Bizone quadrinotata (designated herein) (Fig. 58): ♂, handwritten label ��� Bizone quadrinotata ��� / handwritten round label ���243��� / green round label / ���Brit. Mus. 1935- (printed) 288 (handwritten)��� / printed round label with a green circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597934��� (Coll. NHMUK); lectotype of Bizone pallens (designated herein) (Fig. 59): ♀, handwritten label ���E. Indies. [S Myanmar, Mawlamyine] Moulmein 43���43.��� / handwritten label ��� B. pallens Butler Type��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type H.T.��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597935��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. WEST BENGAL: 1 ♂, Darjeeling, Dr. Lidderdale 79���54 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, India W.B., Darjeeling, Pashok, 850 m, 4.VII.1986, leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 5 ♂, India WB, 850m, Darjeeling Pashok, 29.III.1986, leg. W. Thomas, coll. Dr. W. Thomas, Mus. Witt, M��nchen (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 10 ♂, India W.B., Manjitar, 650 m, 19.VII.1989, leg. Dr. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34402 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 19 ♂, India WB, 650 m, Darjeeling Manjitar, 31.III.���1.IV.1986, leg. W. Thomas, coll. Dr. W. Thomas, Mus. Witt, M��nchen, slide MWM 34400 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India W.B., vic. of Darjeeling, above Sukhna, Lf., 9.VIII.1989, leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India WB, 700 m, Darjeeling Mangpu, 1.IV.1986, leg. W. Thomas, coll. Dr. W. Thomas, Mus. Witt, M��nchen (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India WB, 650 m, Darjeeling Rambi, 28.III.1986, leg. W. Thomas, coll. Dr. W. Thomas, Mus. Witt, M��nchen (Coll. MWM / ZSM); ASSAM: 1 ♀, Assam: Shillong, H.M. Parish (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Assam, W.F. Badgley, VII, 1906���105 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, NE India, Assam, Nameri Nat. Park, 40 km N Tezpur, 150 m, 27��20���N, 93��15���E, 24.VII���2.VIII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 13 ♂, NE India, Assam, Nambor Reserve Forest, Garampani, h= 100 m, 26��30���N, 93��56���E, 21���29.XI.1997, leg. V. Siniaev & M. Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, NE India, Assam, Kaziranga Wild Life, Pan Bari Reserve Forest, 26��45���N, 93��10���E, 100 m, 12���21.XI.1997, leg. V. Siniaev & M. Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); MEGHALAYA: 1 ♂, Assam, 5000 ft., Shillong, 16.X.1924, Fletcher coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Khasis, VI.1891, Nat. Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Khasis. Nat. Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Khasis 97���164, slide BMNH(E) Arct. -4812 (Coll. NHMUK); 43 ♂, 14 ♀, NE India, W Meghalaya, Umran, 33 km N Shillong, 26��06���N, 92��23���E, 800 m, 14���23.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Afonin, slides MWM 34401 (♂), MWM 34550 (♀), MWM 34551 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Nehu, 8.IX.2015, (Coll. Devinder Pal Singh); 1 ♂, Megha- laya, Cherrapunji, 5.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); MIZORAM: 1 ♂, Mizoram, Zamuang, 13.IX.2016, leg. Harsimranjeet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Mizoram, Thenzawl, 6.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Mizoram, Serchip, 8.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Mizoram, Serchip, 9.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Mizoram, Reiek, 19.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, Mizoram, Cham- phai, 18.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); NAGALAND: 2 ♂, Naga Hills, 2500���5000 ft., IX���X.1889, W. Doherty (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Naga Hills, 5500���7000 ft., IX���X.1889, W. Doherty (Coll. NHMUK). 1 ♂, Naga- land, Kohima, 23.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Remark. In the original description, Walker (1869) did not mention a number of specimens, therefore the existence of syntypes is probable. Butler (1877) described Bizone pallens based on a series of specimens from several localities. To avoid any confusion in the future, here we designate the specimens deposited in the NHMUK collection and labeled as ���Type���s as lectotype. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 10.5���11 mm in males and 11.5���12.5 mm in females. The species varies in its size and width of forewing transverse lines. Nevertheless, its male genitalia are uniform throughout its range. Male of C. quadrinotata resembles externally that of C. dudgeoni, but differs by its smaller size, more rounded forewing apex, and S-like curved antemedial line (that is straight in C. dudgeoni). Female of C. quadrinotata is very similar to that of C. catorhoda, and differs by its slightly S-like curved postmedial line. The male genital capsule of C. quadrinotata resembles that of C. catorhoda, but differs by the presence of lateral lobes of vinculum, and the broader valva with shorter distal section. The aedeagus of C. quadrinotata is slightly longer and narrower in C. catorhoda. The vesica of C. quadrinotata differs clearly from that of C. catorhoda by the long, narrow and granulated dorsal diverticulum (whereas in C. catorhoda the dorsal diverticulum is broad and globular and bears a broad cluster of spone-like cornuti), and the presence of a distal cluster of spine-like cornuti (absent in C. catorhoda). The female genitalia of C. quadrinotata differ from those of C. catorhoda by the laterally prominent sclerotized posterior section of corpus bursae, and the presence of only signum surrounded by an area of granulation (whereas in C. catorhoda there are one round and one band-like signa). Distribution. North East India (Sikkim, West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh) (Hampson 1900; Singh et al. 2014, partly as alborosea), Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, S China (Fang 2000, as C. alborosea), Thailand (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009, also as C. alborosea), Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia (Malay Peninsula), Indonesia (Java) (Bucsek 2012, partly as C. alborosea)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 24-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Walker, F. (1869) Characters of undescribed Lepidoptera Heterocera. E. W. Janson, London, 112 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 21064","Butler, A. G. (1877) On the Lepidoptera of the family Lithosiidae, in the collection of British Museum. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1877, 325 - 377, pl. 8. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1877. tb 02919. x","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.","Bucsek, K. (2012) Erebidae, Arctiinae (Lithosiini, Arctiini) of Malay Peninsula-Malaysia. Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, 170 pp."]}

Cyana conclusa nicobara N. Singh, Volynkin, Kirti & Datta, ssp. nov. (Figs 156���160, 233, 287) Type material. Holotype (Figs 158, 233): ♂, Campbell Bay, Great Nicobar, 27.XI.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Paratypes: THE ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: 6 ♂, Great Nicobar, Campbell bay, 27.XI.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Gobind Nagar, 25.XI.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, Great Nicobar, Galathea N. P, 3.XI.2018, leg. K.C. Gopi & Party (Coll. NZCZSI); 15 ♂, Great Nicobar, Galathea N. P, 7.XI.2018, leg. K.C. Gopi & Party (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Great Nicobar, Gobind Nagar, 5.XI.2018, leg. K.C. Gopi & Party (Coll. NZCZSI); 6 ♂, Great Nicobar, East West Road, check post, 6.XI.2018 (Coll. K.C. Gopi & Party); 1 ♂, Great Nicobar, Chingan basti, 9.XI.2018, leg. K.C. Gopi & Party (Coll. NZCZSI); 11 ♂, 5 ♀, Great Nicobar, Laxmi Nagar, 11.XI.2018, leg. K.C. Gopi & Party (Coll. NZCZSI); 6 ♂, Great Nicobar, Sastri Nagar, 11.XI.2018, leg. K.C. Gopi & Party (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, Great Nicobar, Joginder Nagar, 11.XI.2018, leg. K.C. Gopi & Party (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♀, Great Nicobar, 4 km South of Vijay Nagar, 12.XI.2018, leg. K.C. Gopi & Party (Coll. NZC- ZSI); 4 ♂, Great Nicobar, Steel bridge, E. W Road, 13.XI.2018, leg. K.C. Gopi & Party (Coll. NZCZSI); 7 ♂, Great Nicobar, Bird Watching point, 14.XI.2018, leg. K.C. Gopi & Party (Coll. NZCZSI); 5 ♂, Great Nicobar, Gobind Nagar, 18.XI.2018, leg. K.C. Gopi & Party (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♀, Nicobar Is., II���VIII.[19]04, G. Rogers, 1905���51., slide NHMUK010315747 Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK). Etymology. The subspecfic epithet is dedicated the Nicobar Islands where the new subspecies is distributed. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 16 mm in males and 18.5 mm in females. Cyana conclusa nicobara differs externally from the nominate subspecies by its crimson forewing pattern with narrower transverse lines, whereas in C. c. conclusa the transverse lines are much broader and the pattern is orange or red orange. In the male genitalia, C. c. nicobara has the slightly shorter distal section of valva, the slightly longer ampulla and the slightly shorter distal saccular processes. The female genitalia of C. c. nicobara differ from those of C. c. conclusa by the slightly broader ductus bursae and the smaller medial signum bursae. Distribution. India (the Nicobar Islands) (Hampson 1914, as selangorica; Arora 1983, as ��� C. javanica sumatrensis (Druce) ���., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 57-91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Hampson, G. F. (1914) Catalogue of the Amatidae and Arctiadae (Nolinae and Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 1 (Supplement), 619.","Arora, G. S. (1983) On the Lepidopterous Fauna of Andaman and Nicobar Group of Islands (India): Family Arctiidae. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 60, 1 - 49."]}

Cyana divakara (Moore, 1865) (Figs 106���108, 207, 271) B.[izone] divakara Moore, 1865, Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London 1865: 798, pl. 42, fig. 9 (Type locality: ���Darjeeling���). = divacara, misspelling. Material examined. SIKKIM: 1 ♂, Sikkim, O. M��ller, 7000��� [19]09 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Sikkim, VIII.1909, F. Moller, 1910���40 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Sikkim, H. J. Elwes / Collectio H. J. Elwes, slide AV2067 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 13 ♂, 4 ♀, Sikkim, Mt. Kanchenjunga Himal, 27�����30���N, 88��20���E, 2225 m, 11���14.VIII.1995, leg. Afonin & Siniaev (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Sikkim, Mt. Kanchenjunga Himal, 27��30���N, 88��20���E, 1900 m, 15.VIII.1995, leg. Afonin & Siniaev, slide MWM 34471 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, Sikkim, Mt. Kanchenjunga SE, 27�����30���N, 88��20���E, 3000 m, 7���8.VIII.1995, leg. E. Afonin & V. Siniaev ex coll. Schintlmeister, slide MWM 34472 (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Sikkim, Mt. Kanchenjunga SE, 27�����30���N, 88��20���E, 2600 m, 9���10.VIII.1995, leg. E. Afonin & V. Siniaev ex coll. Schintlmeister (Coll. MWM / ZSM); WEST BENGAL: 1 ♂, 1 ♀, Darjiling / Moore Coll. 94���106 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Darjeeling / Moore Coll. 94���106 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Darjeeling, Ex coll. Lidderdale (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Darjeeling. Dr. Lidderdale 79���54 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Darjeeling, 20.VII.1886, H.J. Elwes (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Darjeeling, H. J. E., 20.VII.[18]86, slide AV2066 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); AS- SAM: 1 ♂, Assam, Crowley Bequest 1901���78 (Coll. NHMUK). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 20���21 mm in males and 24���25 mm in females. Cyana divakara is a closest relative of C. sikkimensis and C. britomartis It differs externally from C. sikkimensis by its very broad orange forewing pattern occupying the most of the forewing area, larger basal discal black spot, distal black spots fused to the comma-like dash, and the presence of a discal spot on hindwing. The male genitalia of C. divakara differ from those of C. sikkimensis by their broader juxta, slightly broader valva with stronger curved costa, narrower subbasal dorsal diverticulum, smaller cluster of spinules of the medial diverticulum, larger lateral cluster of spinules, and shorter and broader distal diverticulum. The female genitalia of C. divakara differ from those of C. sikkimensis by the narrower and less sclerotized posterior section of the corpus bursae with a sclerotized left lateral protrusion, the slightly larger signum, the less sclerotized basal section of the appendix bursae, and the broader distal membranous section of the appendix bursae. The differences between C. divakara and C. britomartis are listed in the diagnosis of the latter. Distribution. North East India (Sikkim, north of West Bengal and Assam) (Hampson 1900), Nepal and Bhutan (present study). The records for China (Fang 1992; 2000) belong to C. britomartis., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 40-41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Moore, F. (1865) On the Lepidopterous Insects of Bengal. Proceedings of the general meetings for scientific business of the Zoological Society of London, 1865 (3), 755 - 823, pls. 41 - 43. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1865. tb 02432. x","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Fang, C. (1992) Studies on the genus Cyana Walker of China (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Lithosiinae). Sinozoologia, 9, 255 - 267. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]"]}

Cyana catorhoda Hampson, 1897 (Figs 52���55, 183, 184, 253) Cyana catorhoda Hampson, 1897, Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 11 (2): 296 (Type locality: [India, Meghalaya, Khasi Hills] ���Kh��sis���). Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein) (Fig. 52): ♂, printed label ���Khasis. Nat. Coll.��� / handwrit- ten label ��� Cyana catorhoda type ♂. Hmpsn.��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010402068��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. HIMACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♀, 62���26, Kangra (Coll. NHMUK); SIKKIM: 1 ♀, Sikkim, 4���7000 ft., M��ller (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Sikkim, Deorali, 15.IV.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, Sikkim, Dangar, 30-VIII-2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); ASSAM: 1 ♀, [Margherita] Margarita, Upper As- sam, V.1889, Doherty (Coll. NHMUK); 100 ♂, 24 ♀, NE India, Assam, Nambor Reserve Forest, Garampani, h= 100 m, 26��30���N, 93��56���E, 21���29.XI.1997, leg. V. Siniaev & M. Murzin, slide MWM 34393 Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, NE India, Assam, Nameri Nat. Park, 40 km N Tezpur, 150 m, 27��20���N, 93��15���E, 24.VII���2.VIII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, India, Assam, Jatinga, 10.IX.2005, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 4 ♂, India, Assam, Jatinga, 11.IX.2005, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♂, India, Assam, Jatinga, 12.IX.2005, leg. Navneet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); MEGHALAYA: 2 ♀, Khasis, Nat. Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 3 ♀, Khasia Hills, Assam, Nissary (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Khasis, IV.1894, Nat. Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, NE India, W Meghalaya, Umran, 33 km N Shillong, 26��06���N, 92��23���E, 800 m, 14���23.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Afonin, slide MWM 34565 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya, Umatsar 15.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); MIZORAM: 3 ♂, India, Mizoram, Kawartha, 10.IX.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Mizoram, Kawartha, 11.IX.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Mizoram, Kawartha, 12. IX. 2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Mizoram, Variegate, leg. Rahul Ranjan (Coll. NZCZSI); 5 ♂, India, Mizoram, Serchip, 08.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, India, Mizoram, Lunglei, 10.IV.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, India, Mizoram, Kolasib, 17.IX.2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, India, Mizoram, Kolasib, 18.IX. 2017, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Remark. In the original description, Hampson (1897) described male and female, thus, the description is based on syntypes. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, we designate the male specimen deposited in NHMUK and labeled as ���type��� as lectotype. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 10.5���11 mm in males and 12.5���13 mm in females. Cyana catorhoda differs externally from C. peregrina by its slightly less elongate forewing with slightly narrower transverse lines. In the male genitalia, the valva is slightly narrower than that of C. peregrina, and the distal diverticulum is much larger and granulated, whereas in C. peregrina it is smaller and membranous. The female genitalia of C. catorhoda differ from those of C. peregrina by their smaller appendix bursae and shorter band-like signum. Distribution. North and North East India (Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Manipur) (Singh et al. 2014), Nepal, Myanmar (Hampson 1900), China (Hong Kong) (Walker 1854, as peregrina), Thailand (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009, as peregrina), Cambodia (Cand��ze 1927; Bayarsaikhan & Bae 2016, as peregrina)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 21-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Hampson, G. F. (1897) The moths of India. Supplementary paper to the volumes in \" The fauna of British India \". Part I-II. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 11 (2), 277 - 297, pl. A.","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Walker, F. (1854) List of the specimens of lepidopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 2. Trustees of the British Museum, London, 303 pp. [pp. 279 - 581]","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.","Bayarsaikhan, U. & Bae, Y. S. (2016) A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from Cambodia, with description of new species. Zootaxa, 4114 (4), 447 - 463. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4114.4.5"]}

Cyana arama arama (Moore, 1859) (Figs 120���123, 219, 276) Bizone arama Moore in Horsfield & Moore, 1859, A catalogue of the lepidopterous insects in the Museum of Natural History at the East-India House 2: 306, pl. 79, fig. 10 (Type locality: ���Darjeeling���). = Bizone triguttata Walker, 1869, Characters of undescribed Lepidoptera Heterocera: 89 (Type locality: not stated), syn. nov. = Cyana distincta babui Kishida, 1993; Tinea 13 (Suppl. 3): 38, pl. 41, figs 4, 5 (Type locality: [Nepal] ���Godavari���). Type material examined. Lectotype of Bizone arama Moore (designated herein) (Fig. 122): ♀, handwritten label ���Darjeeling��� / handwritten label ��� Bizone arama. Moore��� / printed label ���Ind. Mus. 79.64.��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type H.T.��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597965��� (Coll. NHMUK); lectotype of Bizone triguttata (designated herein) (Fig. 123): ♀ without abdomen, handwritten label ��� Bizone triguttata ��� / green round label / ���Brit. Mus. 1935- (printed) 288 (handwritten)��� / printed round label with a green circle ���Type��� / handwritten label ���Same as Bizone arama Moore ��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597913��� (Coll. NHMUK). Remarks. 1. Hampson (1900) and later authors (Draudt 1914; Strand 1922) treated the taxon triguttata as a junior synonym of C. guttifera. However, the lectotype specimen of triguttata is obviously conspecific with that of C. arama and not the much smaller C. guttifera. Thus, here we synonymize triguttata with arama. 2. Moore (1859) described Bizone arama based on four females (listed as ���a. b. c. d.���), which are syntypes. In the original description of triguttata, Walker (1869) did not mention a number of specimens therefore the existence of syntypes is probable. To avoid any confusion with C. guttata in the future, here we designate the specimens of Bizone arama and Bizone triguttata deposited in the NHMUK collection and labeled as ���Type���s (Figs. 122, 123) as lectotype. Other material examined. SIKKIM: 6 ♂, Sikkim, X.1909, F. Moller, 1910���140 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀, Sikkim, 3.X.[18]90, G.C. Dudgeon, 94���52 (Coll. NHMUK); 2 ♂, India, Sikkim, Pemayangtse, 2000 m, 20���27.VIII.1988, Lf., leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Sikkim, Dangar, 29.VIII.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Sikkim, Ribdi, 24.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Chungthang, 28.IV.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); WEST BENGAL: 1 ♀, Darjeeling (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♀ Assam, W.F. Badgley, 1906���185 (Coll. NHMUK); 2 ♂, India WB, 1700 m, Darjeeling, 9 miles from vill, 19.VIII.1985, leg. W. Thomas, slide MWM 37061 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India WB, Darjeeling, 2000 m, 12���20.VIII.1985, leg. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 3 ♂, India WB, Darjeeling, 2100 m, 28.VIII.���1.IX.1983, leg. Dr. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34423 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, India WB, Darjeeling, Tigerhill, 2400 m, end of VI.1987, leg. Dr. W. Thomas, slide MWM 34424 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, Gopaldhara, Darjeeling, 4720��� (H. Stevens) IX.1916, slide AV2065 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); ASSAM: 1 ♂, Assam, Garampani, 28.IX.15, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); MEGHALAYA: 1 ♀, Khasis, VIII.1894, Nat. Coll. (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Khasia Hills, Assam, slide AV2064 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. ZFMK); 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Nehu, 25.VIII.14, leg, H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Cherrapunji, 2.IX.08, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Jowai, 04.IX.2008, leg. Rahul Joshi (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Nehu, 8.IX.15, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 8 ♂, Meghalaya, Pynursla, 10.IX.2014, H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 5 ♂, 1 ♀ Meghalaya, Pynursla, 11.IX.2014 H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, Mawsynram, 26.VIII.2014, H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 3 ♂, Ialong, 18.IX.15, Kumar Kaustubh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Amlarem, 18.IX.2015, H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Amlarem, 19.IX.2015, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 2 ♂, Meghalaya, Umaim, 25.IX.15, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 5 ♂, 1 ♀, Jowai, 17.IX.2015, leg. Devinder Pal Singh (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Meghalaya, Cherrapunji, 13.IX.15, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); MANIPUR: 1 ♀, Manipur, Ukhrul, 18.IX.1994, leg. APS Kaleka (Coll. NZCZSI). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 19���20 mm in males and 22���23 mm in females. Cyana arama is a closest relative of C. distincta (Rothschild, 1912) distributed in Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and South China. Externally, C arama differs from C. distincta (Figs 126, 127) by its amber yellow pattern of thorax and forewing, strongly wavy antemedial line and pale ochreous orange hindwing (that is pale crimson in C. distincta). The male genitalia of two species are similar and differ by the vesica structure only: in C. arama the lateral cluster of spinules is small and elongated, and the subbasal cluster of spinules is long and curved distally and consists of robust spinules, whereas in C. distincta (Fig. 221) the lateral cluster of spinules is large and rounded, and the subbasal one is short, straight and consists of small spinules. The female genitalia of C. arama differ from those of C. distincta (Fig. 278) by its stronger sclerotized posterior section of corpus bursae at the connection with appendix bursae, and larger appendix bursae. Distribution. The nominate subspecies is distributed in North East India (Sikkim, north of West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Mizoram, Manipur) (Hampson 1900; Singh et al. 2014), Nepal (Kishida 1993, as distincta babui) and West China (Tibet) (Fang 2000)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 46-47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Moore, F. (1859) Bombyces. In: Horsfield, T. & Moore, F. (Eds.), A Catalogue of the lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of natural History at East-India House. Vol. 2. WM. H. Allen and Co., London, pp. 279 - 440.","Walker, F. (1869) Characters of undescribed Lepidoptera Heterocera. E. W. Janson, London, 112 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 21064","Kishida, Y. (1993) Arctiidae: Lithosiinae. In: Haruta, T. (Ed.), Moths of Nepal. 2. Tinea, 13 (Supplement 3), pp. 36 - 40.","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Draudt, M. (1914) Arctiidae. - Tiger moths (Miltochrista to Stenosa). In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. 10. Die Indo-Australischen Spinner und Schwarmer. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 135 - 223. [in German]","Strand, E. (1922) Arctiidae: Subfam. Lithosiinae. In: Wagner, H. (Ed.), Lepidopterorum Catalogus. Vol. 26. W. Yunk, Berlin, pp. 1 - 899. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 146589","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]"]}

[Cyana conclusa conclusa (Walker, 1862)] (Figs 153���155, 232, 286) Bizone conclusa Walker, 1862, Journal of the proceedings of the Linnean Society (Zoology) 6: 120 (Type locality: ��� Sarawak ��� [Borneo]). Type material examined. Lectotype (designated herein) (Fig. 153): ♂, handwritten round label ���SAR.��� / hand- written label ��� conclusa ��� / printed label ���514��� / handwritten label ���A Walker���s type ♂ Bizone conclusa 31-261��� / ���TYPE (printed) LEP.: No. 426 Bizone conclusa Walker (handwritten) HOPE DEPT. OXFORD (printed)��� (Coll. OUMNH). Other material examined. Series of specimens of both sexes from Malay Peninsula (South Thailand and Malaysia), Borneo and Sumatra (Colls MWM / ZSM, CKC and NHMUK). Remark. In the original dscription, Walker (1862) did not mention a number of specimens therefore the existence of syntypes is probable. In order to stabilize the nomenclature, here we designate the male specimen deposited in OUMNH and labeled as ���Type��� as lectotype. Distribution. South Thailand, Malay Peninsula, Borneo and Sumatra islands (Holloway 2001; Čern�� & Pin- ratana 2009; Bucsek 2012)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Walker, F. (1862) Catalogue of the Heterocerous Lepidopterous Insects collected at Sarawak, in Borneo, by Mr. A. R. Wallace, with Descriptions of New Species. Journal of the proceedings of the Linnean Society, Zoology, 6, 82 - 145. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1862. tb 00936. x","Holloway, J. D. (2001) The moths of Borneo: family Arctiidae, subfamily Lithosiinae. Malayan Nature Journal, 7, 279 - 486.","Bucsek, K. (2012) Erebidae, Arctiinae (Lithosiini, Arctiini) of Malay Peninsula-Malaysia. Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, 170 pp."]}

Cyana obliquilineata (Hampson, 1900) (Figs 33���36, 176, 249) Chionaema obliquilineata Hampson, 1900, Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum 2: 298, pl. 26, fig. 24 (Type locality: [India, Sikkim] ���Sikhim, 1800 feet ���). = Cyana baolini Fang, 1992, Sinozoologia 9: 261, 265, fig. 3 (Type locality: [China] ���Xishuangbanna, Yunnan ���), syn. nov. Type material examined. Holotype (by monotypy) (Fig. 33): ♂, printed label ��� Sikkim 1800 ft. Feb. 1897 Dud- geon.��� / handwritten label ��� Cyana obliquilineata. type ♂. Hmpsn��� / printed round label with a red circle ���Type��� / printed label with a unique identifier ���NHMUK010597938��� (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. KARNATAKA: 1 ♂, Karnataka, Jog falls, 20.XI.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Karnataka, Yellapur, 22.XI.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); WEST BENGAL: 1 ♂, Gopald- hara, Mirik, Sikkim (H. Stevens) (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Gopaldhara, VIII.1918 (Stevens) (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Gopaldhara, Darjeeling, 3440���5800��� (H. Stevens) 15.VII.[19]18 (Coll. NHMUK); 1 ♂, Gopaldhara, Darjeeling, 3440���5800��� (H. Stevens) 17.VII.[19]18 (Coll. NHMUK); MEGHALAYA: 7 ♂, 3 ♀, NE India, W Meghalaya, Um- ran, 33 km N Shillong, 26��06���N, 92��23���E, 800 m, 14���23.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Afonin, slides MWM 34405 (♂), MWM 34406 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♀, NE India, W Meghalaya, Umran, 33 km N Shillong, H= 800 m, 25��45���N, 92��23���E, 8���11.XII.1997, leg. V. Sinjaev & M. Murzin, slide MWM 35693 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); ASSAM: 10 ♂, NE India, Assam, Pan Bari Reserve Forest, 27��08���N, 94��00���E, 4���7.VII.1997, leg. Sinjaev & Murzin, slide MWM 34511 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, Meghalaya, Umatsar, 15.IX.2014, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); ARUNACHAL PRADESH: 1 ♂, Arunachal Pradesh, Naharlagun, 28. IV. 2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Arunachal Pradesh, Daporijo, 7.V.2016, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI); 1 ♂, Mizoram, Zamuang, 14. IX. 2016, leg. Harsimranjeet Singh (Coll. NZCZSI). Remark. This species is rather variable in its size and shape of subcostal dark dash in the postmedial area, but the male genitalia structure is stable within its range. The Yunnan populations described as C. baolini have no genital differences from Indian, Nepalese and Thai ones and are conspecific to obliquilineata. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 12���14 mm in males and 14.5���15.5 mm in females. Cyana obliquilineata resembles externally C. subornata and C. linatula, but its males differ from those of the both similar species by the presence of a small concavity on the postmedial section of the forewing costa (in C. subornata and C. linatula the costa is smoothly arcuate outwards), and less curved postmedial line. Females of C. obliquilineata are very similar to those of C. subornata and C. linatula and can be distinguished by the slightly less elongated forewing apex and less curved postmedial line only. In addition, compred to C. linatula, C. obliquilineata has red ante- and postmedial lines (those are edged with black in C. linatula). The male genital capsule of C. obliquilineata differs from that of C. linatula by its narrower valva with a less angled costal edge and distal saccular process being slightly broadened distally (that is pointed in C. linatula). In comparison with C. linatula, the aedeagus of C. obliquilineata is much broader, the vesica is shorter and bears two large lateral clusters of robust spinules (while in C. linatula there is one subapical cluster of smaller spinules), and shorter distal diverticulum bearing a cluster of more robust spinules apically. In the female genitalia, C. obliquilineata differs from C. linatula by its shorter ductus bursae, more heavily sclerotized posterior section of corpus bursae having two bands of long robust spinules (whereas in C. linatula the posterior section of corpus bursae is densely covered with small spinules at the base of the appendix bursae), and smaller signum. The differences from C. rudloffi are listed in the diagnosis of the latter. Distribution. North East India (Sikkim, Assam, Meghalaya, Arunachal Pradesh) (Singh et al. 2014), South India (Karnataka) (present study), Nepal (first record), China (Yunnan) (Fang 1992; 2000, as C. baolini), Thailand (Čern�� & Pinratana 2009) and Cambodia (Bayarsaikhan & Bae 2016)., Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on pages 15-16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3672439, {"references":["Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, 2, 1 - 590.","Fang, C. (1992) Studies on the genus Cyana Walker of China (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae, Lithosiinae). Sinozoologia, 9, 255 - 267. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Singh, J., Singh, N. & Joshi, R. (2014) A Checklist of subfamily Arctiinae (Erebidae: Noctuoidea: Lepidoptera) from India. Records of Zoological Survey of India, Occ. Paper No. 367, 1 - 76.","Fang, C. (2000) Lepidoptera. Arctiidae. Fauna Sinica (Insecta). Vol. 19. Science Press, Beijing, 590 pp. [in Chinese, with English summary]","Cerny, K. & Pinratana, A. (2009) Moths of Thailand. Vol. 6. Arctiidae. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 283 pp.","Bayarsaikhan, U. & Bae, Y. S. (2016) A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from Cambodia, with description of new species. Zootaxa, 4114 (4), 447 - 463. http: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4114.4.5"]}

Cyana malayana Bucsek, 2012, stat. nov. (Figs. 11���16, 31���33, 40, 41, 46) Cyana bianca malayana Bucsek, 2012, Erebidae, Arctiinae of Malay Peninsula ��� Malaysia 2012: 100, pl. 17, figs. 248, 248а, 248b (Type locаlity: ��� Mаlаysiа, Pаhаng distr., Cаmeron Highlаnds, Kаmpung Kuаlа Boh vill. env., 850���1050 m, 4��27,9���N, 101��34,8���E ���). Type material examined. Holotype (Figs. 11, 31): ♂, Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands, Kampung Kuala Boh vill. env., 4��27,9���N, 101��34,8���E, 850���1050 m, 26.III.���3.IV.2001, K. Bucsek leg., slide MWM 33517 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM). Paratypes: 3 ♂, same data as in the holotype, slides MWM 31806, MWM 33483 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM). Other material examined: MYANMAR: 1 ♂, Burma merid., Tenasserim, Khao Yai, 1000 m, 99���30������E, 13���14������N, Lf, VII.1995, lg. Steinke & Lehmann, slide MWM 33488 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♀, Burmah, Adanusn. / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939.-I. (Coll. NHMUK); THAILAND: 1 ♂, W Thailand, Kanchanaburi, Sri Sawat, Ban Dong Lek, 10.V. 2005, 735 m, leg. K. Sukhumalind, slide AV 3855 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); 6 ♂, SW Thailand, Ranong, 543 m, 10��02���01������N, 98��40���17,66���E, 7.IV.2013, leg. K. Čern��, slides AV 3852 ♂, AV 3853 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); 8 ♂, 1 ♀, SW Thailand, Ranong [prov.], Ranong, 380 m, 10��01���32���N, 98��40���13���E, 3��� 4.XII.2005, leg. K. Čern��, slide AV 3854 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, 4 ♀, SW Thailand, Chumphon, Pa Toh, Ban Lang Tang, 162 m, 9��46���5���N, 98��46���59���E, 2006 ex ovo, K. Čern�� (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, SW Thailand, Chumphon, Pa Toh, Ban Lang Tang, 162 m, 9��46��5���N, 98��46��59���E, 19, 21.XI.2006, leg. K. Čern��, slide AV3851 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); 4 ♂, SW Thailand, Chumphon, Pa Toh, Ban Lang Tang, 162 m, 9��46���5���N, 98��46���59���E, 7.XII.2005, leg. K. Čern�� (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, Muang Thai, Changwat Chumphon, Amphoe Pa Toh, 10 km W Baan Lang Tang, primary forest, 160 m, 11���12.VII.2007, lg. Manghong Jantharamphorn & Lechner, ex coll. Lechner (Coll. CKC); 2 ♂, SW Thailand, Nakhon Si Tammarat, Khao Luang region, Nopphitam env., 70 m, 8��44.043���N, 99��41.450���E, 12���13.IV.2013, leg. K. Čern�� (Coll. CKC); 3 ♂, 2 ♀, SW Thailand, Nakhon Si Tammarat, Amphoe Ron Pibun, Ang Ka Tai Hill, 8��14.16���N, 99��48.12���E, 9.IV.2013 leg. K. Čern�� (Coll. CKC); MALAYSIA: 6 ♂, 2 ♀, Malaysia, Prov. Perak, Taiping, VI��� V.1978, coll. Dr. W. Thomas, slides ZSM Arct. 145/2017 ♂, MWM 33485 (♂), ZSM Arct. 146/2017 ♀, MWM 33514 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, Malaysia, Taiping, coll. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); INDONESIA: 1 ♂, W Sumatra, Padang Panjang, Lembah Anai, 300 m, 0��27���S, 100��23���E, I.2004, leg. Jakl, slide MWM 33486 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, W Sumatra, Mt. Sanggul, Landai, 1200���1300 m, 0��00���, 100��38���E, I���II.2004, leg. St. Jakl, slide MWM 33487 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, Indonesia, North Sumatra, Via Sindar Raya ��� Pematang Raya, 11 km of SR, 400 m, 24.III.1986, E. Diehl leg. (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, Sumatra, Via Sindar Raya, 11 km of SR, 400m, 3��53���N, 98��51���E 16.III.1991, E. Diehl leg. (Coll. CKC). Remarks. 1. The male and female genitalia of malayana (Figs. 31���33, 40, 41) have significant differences from those of C. bianca (Fig. 25���27, 37). Therefore we treat this taxon as a good species and not a subspecies of C. bianca. 2. The type series from Cameron Highlands has reduced black borders of the ante- and postmedial lines (Fig. 11), while the specimens from other parts of the species��� range north and south of Cameron Highlands have the well-developed black borders of the transverse lines (Figs. 12���16). Because of the absence of genital differences (Figs. 31���33), we treat this population as a local color form only. 3. The female paratypes of the species (Fig. 42) are not conspecific to the male holotype and paratypes and belong to Cyana determinata sausae Bucsek, 2012 described by males also from Pahang. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 14.5��� 18 mm in males and 19���20 mm in females. Externally, C. malayana (Figs. 11���16) has no significant differences from C. bianca (Figs. 1���4) and C. indosinica sp. nov. (Figs. 5���10). The male genitalia of C. malayana (Figs. 31���33) differ clearly from those of C. bianca (Fig. 25���27) in the rounded lateral lobes of the vinculum, the larger and more robust ampulla, the much larger medial posterior, medial anterior and distal diverticula, and the broader medial dorsal diverticulum; from C. indosinica sp. nov. (Figs. 28���30) they differ in the significantly larger and more robust ampulla, the narrower medial posterior and distal diverticula, which have narrower fields of cornuti, the smaller medial anterior diverticulum, and the basally narrower medial dorsal diverticulum. The female genitalia of C. malayana (Figs. 40, 41) differ from those of C. bianca (Fig. 37) in the longer ductus bursae, the larger appendix bursae, the shorter and stronger rugose posterior sclerotized plate of the corpus bursae, the weakly sclerotized medial-lateral sclerotized band of the corpus bursae, and the much smaller signa; from C. indosinica sp. nov. (Figs. 38, 39) they differ in the more weakly sclerotized and much less rugose posterior plate of the corpus bursae, and the presence of only two signa in the corpus bursae (while in C. indosinica sp. nov. there are three signa in the corpus bursae). Distribution (Fig. 46). South Myanmar (Hampson 1900), South-West and South Thailand (provinces Kanchanaburi, Chumphon, Ranong and Nakhon Si Tammarat), Malaysia (Malay Peninsula), Indonesia (Sumatra Isl.)., Published as part of Volynkin, Anton V., ��ern��, Karel & Ivanova, Maria S., 2018, A review of the Cyana bianca (Walker, 1856) species-group with descriptions of a new species and a new subspecies from Indochina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in Zootaxa 4497 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4497.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1451108, {"references":["Bucsek, K. (2012) Erebidae, Arctiinae (Lithosiini, Arctiini) of Malaya Peninsula-Malaysia. Institute of Zoology SAS, Bratislava, 170 pp.","Hampson, G. F. (1900) Catalogue of the Arctiadae (Nolinae, Lithosianae) in the British Museum, 2. Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in the British Museum, UK, 590 pp."]}

Cyana indosinica Volynkin & Černý, sp. nov. (Figs. 5–10, 28–30, 38, 39, 46) Type material. Holotype (Figs. 5, 28): ♂, Thailand, Changwat [Province] Nan, 25 km N of Bo Luang, 1150 m, 17.XI.1998, leg. Tibor Csôvári & László Mikus, slide ZSM Arct. 138/2017 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM). Paratypes: THAILAND: 32 ♂, 7 ♀, same data as in the holotype, slide MWM 34572 Volynkin (♂) (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 7 ♂, same locality, but 11.XI.1999, leg. Márton Hreblay (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, Thailand, Changwat Nan, 5 km E of Bo Luang, 610 m, 23.XI.1998, leg. Tibor Csôvári & László Mikus (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 4 ♂, 3 ♀, Thailand, Changwat Nan, 5 km N of Bo Luang, 1000 m, 18.VIII.1999, leg. Tibor Csôvári & László Mikus, slide MWM 33513 Volynkin (♀) (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 2 ♂, 3 ♀, Thailand, Changwat Nan, 6 km N Bo Luang, 1050 m, 19.VIII.1999, leg. T. Csôvári & L. Mikus, slide ZSM Arct. 139/2017 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 3 ♂, 3 ♀, Thailand, Changwat Nan, 7 km W of Ban Bo Yuak, 1000 m, 25.XI.1998, leg. Tibor Csôvári & László Mikus (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 11 ♂, Thailand, Changwat Chiang Mai, Mt. Doi Inthanon, NP, 2300 m, 17.X.2000, leg. local collector, slide MWM 34575 Volynkin (♂) (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, Thailand, Chiang Mai, Mt. Doi Inthanon, Nat. Park, 2300 m, 25.IX.1999, leg. A. Szabo & Zita (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 4 ♂, Thailand, Changwat Chiang Mai, 12 km NW Chiang Dao, 750 m, 12.XI.1998, leg. Tibor Csôvári & László Mikus, slide MWM 34574 Volynkin (♂) (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, Thailand, Changwat Chiang Mai, 4 km W of Pa Pae, 1050 m, 28.XI.1998, leg. Tibor Csôvári & László Mikus (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Thailand, Mt. Doi Phahompok, 14 km NW of Fang, 1700 m, 16.X.2000, leg. local collector, slide MWM 34573 Volynkin (♂) (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, N Thailand, Chiang Mai prov., between Chiang Dao and Kariang, 900 m, 98°48’E; 19°25’N, 26.X.2002, leg B. Herczik & G. Ronkay (Coll. CKC); 1 ♀, N Thailand, Chiang Mai, Chiang Dao, 19°24.232’N, 98°55.596’E, 22.V.2011 leg. K. Černý (Coll. CKC); 2 ♂, N Thailand, Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep, 1085 m, 18°48’N, 98°54’54’’E, 8.VI.2005, leg. K. Černý (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 14–22.VIII.2016, N Thailand, Chiang Mai prov., Thanon Thong Chai Range, near Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, 18°54'10.50''N 98°51'46.05''E, h= 700 m, secondary forest, Volynkin A.V. & Ivanova M.S. leg. (Coll. CAV); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, 24–30.VII.2017, N Thailand, Chiang Mai Prov., Thong Chai Range, near Doi Suthep Pui National Park, 18°54’22.91’’N 98°51’34.76’’E, h= 800 m, primary forest, A.V. Volynkin & M.S. Ivanova leg., slides AV3126 ♂, AV3127 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CAV); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, N Thailand, Chiang Rai, 1090 m, road 1150, km 17 from Wiang Pa Pao, 19°18’45’’N, 99°23’24’’E, 27.V.2011 leg. K. Černý (Coll. CKC); 2 ♂ North Thailand, Prov. Nan, Doi Phuka [Doi Phu Kha] NP, 1350 m, between Pua and Bo Luang, 101°05’E, 19°12’N, 3.XI.2002, leg B. Herczik & G. Ronkay (Coll. CKC); 1 ♀ N Thailand, Nan prov., 785 m, road 1081, 18°52’26’’N, 100°31’44’’E, 31.V.2011 leg. K. Černý (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, W Thailand, Tak, Doi Mussoe, 821 m, 16°45.317’N, 98°55.438’E, 11–12.XI.2010, leg. K. Černý (Coll. CKC); 4 ♂, C Thailand, Saraburi, Khao Yai NP, Mt. Khao Kaew, 1244 m, 14°21’56’’N, 101°24’E, 31.V.2005 leg. K. Černý, slide AV3856 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, C Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima, Pak Chong, 1300 m, Khao Yai NP, 15.VI.2006, leg. Thomas Ihle, slide AV3857 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); CHINA: 1 ♀, China, [Yunnan] prov. Simao, Mangxi Ba Mts., 18 km S of Simao city, 1280 m, 15–21.VI.1999, leg. Dr. Ronald Brechlin, slide MWM 33515 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); LAOS: 1 ♂, Laos centr., Kham Mouan pr., Nakai vill. env., 560 m, 70 km NNE of Muang Khammouan, 7– 25.V.2002, leg. Milan Štrba, slide MWM 33491 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 2 ♂, 3 ♀, Laos centr., Khamouane province, Nakai env., 17°43’N, 105°09’E; 22.V–8.VI.2001, alt 500–600m, E. Jendek & O. Šauša leg. (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, Laos, prov. Khamouane, Ban Phon Khaen, 20–23.V.2013, leg. T. Ihle (Coll. CKC); 12 ♂, 17–28.VIII.2017, South Laos, Champasak prov., 27 km ENE of Pakse, near Tad Fane waterfall, N 15°11’01.1’’ E 106°07’40.5’’, 950 m, border of primary forest, A.V. Volynkin & M.S. Ivanova leg., slides AV3124 ♂, AV3125 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CAV); VIETNAM: 10 ♂, 3 ♀, South Vietnam, [Lam Dong prov.] Bao Loc (sec. forest), Rung Cat Tien, 1500 m (11.32’N, 107.48’E), 10–20.XII.1992, leg. Sinajev & Simonov, slides ZSM Arct. 143/2017 ♂, ZSM Arct. 144/ 2017 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ZSM); 2 ♂, 25.V.2016, South Vietnam, Lam Dong Province, Lac Duong District, Tay Nguyen Highlands, Nui Ba National Park, leg. Vo Van Nhon, slide AV3123 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CAV); 1 ♂, same locality and collector, but XII.2015 (Coll. CAV); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, VIII.2015, Central Vietnam, Da Nang province, Ba Na Mt., 1450 m, leg. Le Luong Thanh (Coll. CAV). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 16–19 mm in males and 19–21 mm in females. Externally, C. indosinica sp. nov. (Figs. 5–10) has no significant differences from C. bianca (Figs. 1–4) and C. malayana (Figs. 11–16) and can be distinguished by the genitalia. The male genitalia of C. indosinica sp. nov. (Figs. 28–30) are most similar to those of C. malayana (Figs. 31–33), but differ in the significantly smaller and weaker ampulla, the broader medial posterior and distal diverticula, which have broader fields of cornuti, the larger medial anterior diverticulum, and the basally broader medial dorsal diverticulum. The female genitalia of C. indosinica sp. nov. (Figs. 38, 39) differ from those of C. malayana (Figs. 40, 41) in the more heavily sclerotized posterior plate of the corpus bursae, which has stronger wrinkles, and the presence of three signa in the corpus bursae (while in C. malayana there are only two signa). Distribution (Fig. 46). North and Central Thailand (provinces Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Nan, Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima), SW China (Yunnan), Laos (provinces Khammouan and Champasak), Cambodia (province Pursat) (Bayarsaikhan & Bae 2016), Central and South Vietnam (provinces Da Nang and Lam Dong). Etymology. The specific epithet refers to its geographical range located within the Indochina Peninsula.

Cyana malayana Bucsek, 2012, stat. nov. (Figs. 11–16, 31–33, 40, 41, 46) Cyana bianca malayana Bucsek, 2012, Erebidae, Arctiinae of Malay Peninsula – Malaysia 2012: 100, pl. 17, figs. 248, 248а, 248b (Type locаlity: “ Mаlаysiа, Pаhаng distr., Cаmeron Highlаnds, Kаmpung Kuаlа Boh vill. env., 850–1050 m, 4°27,9’N, 101°34,8’E ”). Type material examined. Holotype (Figs. 11, 31): ♂, Malaysia, Pahang distr., Cameron Highlands, Kampung Kuala Boh vill. env., 4°27,9’N, 101°34,8’E, 850–1050 m, 26.III.–3.IV.2001, K. Bucsek leg., slide MWM 33517 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM). Paratypes: 3 ♂, same data as in the holotype, slides MWM 31806, MWM 33483 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM). Other material examined: MYANMAR: 1 ♂, Burma merid., Tenasserim, Khao Yai, 1000 m, 99’30’’E, 13’14’’N, Lf, VII.1995, lg. Steinke & Lehmann, slide MWM 33488 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♀, Burmah, Adanusn. / Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939.-I. (Coll. NHMUK); THAILAND: 1 ♂, W Thailand, Kanchanaburi, Sri Sawat, Ban Dong Lek, 10.V. 2005, 735 m, leg. K. Sukhumalind, slide AV 3855 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); 6 ♂, SW Thailand, Ranong, 543 m, 10°02’01’’N, 98°40’17,66”E, 7.IV.2013, leg. K. Černý, slides AV 3852 ♂, AV 3853 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); 8 ♂, 1 ♀, SW Thailand, Ranong [prov.], Ranong, 380 m, 10°01’32”N, 98°40’13”E, 3– 4.XII.2005, leg. K. Černý, slide AV 3854 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, 4 ♀, SW Thailand, Chumphon, Pa Toh, Ban Lang Tang, 162 m, 9°46’5”N, 98°46’59”E, 2006 ex ovo, K. Černý (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, SW Thailand, Chumphon, Pa Toh, Ban Lang Tang, 162 m, 9°46´5”N, 98°46´59”E, 19, 21.XI.2006, leg. K. Černý, slide AV3851 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); 4 ♂, SW Thailand, Chumphon, Pa Toh, Ban Lang Tang, 162 m, 9°46’5”N, 98°46’59”E, 7.XII.2005, leg. K. Černý (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, Muang Thai, Changwat Chumphon, Amphoe Pa Toh, 10 km W Baan Lang Tang, primary forest, 160 m, 11–12.VII.2007, lg. Manghong Jantharamphorn & Lechner, ex coll. Lechner (Coll. CKC); 2 ♂, SW Thailand, Nakhon Si Tammarat, Khao Luang region, Nopphitam env., 70 m, 8°44.043’N, 99°41.450’E, 12–13.IV.2013, leg. K. Černý (Coll. CKC); 3 ♂, 2 ♀, SW Thailand, Nakhon Si Tammarat, Amphoe Ron Pibun, Ang Ka Tai Hill, 8°14.16’N, 99°48.12’E, 9.IV.2013 leg. K. Černý (Coll. CKC); MALAYSIA: 6 ♂, 2 ♀, Malaysia, Prov. Perak, Taiping, VI– V.1978, coll. Dr. W. Thomas, slides ZSM Arct. 145/2017 ♂, MWM 33485 (♂), ZSM Arct. 146/2017 ♀, MWM 33514 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, Malaysia, Taiping, coll. Dr. W. Thomas (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); INDONESIA: 1 ♂, W Sumatra, Padang Panjang, Lembah Anai, 300 m, 0°27’S, 100°23’E, I.2004, leg. Jakl, slide MWM 33486 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, W Sumatra, Mt. Sanggul, Landai, 1200–1300 m, 0°00’, 100°38’E, I–II.2004, leg. St. Jakl, slide MWM 33487 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, Indonesia, North Sumatra, Via Sindar Raya – Pematang Raya, 11 km of SR, 400 m, 24.III.1986, E. Diehl leg. (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, Sumatra, Via Sindar Raya, 11 km of SR, 400m, 3°53’N, 98°51’E 16.III.1991, E. Diehl leg. (Coll. CKC). Remarks. 1. The male and female genitalia of malayana (Figs. 31–33, 40, 41) have significant differences from those of C. bianca (Fig. 25–27, 37). Therefore we treat this taxon as a good species and not a subspecies of C. bianca. 2. The type series from Cameron Highlands has reduced black borders of the ante- and postmedial lines (Fig. 11), while the specimens from other parts of the species’ range north and south of Cameron Highlands have the well-developed black borders of the transverse lines (Figs. 12–16). Because of the absence of genital differences (Figs. 31–33), we treat this population as a local color form only. 3. The female paratypes of the species (Fig. 42) are not conspecific to the male holotype and paratypes and belong to Cyana determinata sausae Bucsek, 2012 described by males also from Pahang. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 14.5– 18 mm in males and 19–20 mm in females. Externally, C. malayana (Figs. 11–16) has no significant differences from C. bianca (Figs. 1–4) and C. indosinica sp. nov. (Figs. 5–10). The male genitalia of C. malayana (Figs. 31–33) differ clearly from those of C. bianca (Fig. 25–27) in the rounded lateral lobes of the vinculum, the larger and more robust ampulla, the much larger medial posterior, medial anterior and distal diverticula, and the broader medial dorsal diverticulum; from C. indosinica sp. nov. (Figs. 28–30) they differ in the significantly larger and more robust ampulla, the narrower medial posterior and distal diverticula, which have narrower fields of cornuti, the smaller medial anterior diverticulum, and the basally narrower medial dorsal diverticulum. The female genitalia of C. malayana (Figs. 40, 41) differ from those of C. bianca (Fig. 37) in the longer ductus bursae, the larger appendix bursae, the shorter and stronger rugose posterior sclerotized plate of the corpus bursae, the weakly sclerotized medial-lateral sclerotized band of the corpus bursae, and the much smaller signa; from C. indosinica sp. nov. (Figs. 38, 39) they differ in the more weakly sclerotized and much less rugose posterior plate of the corpus bursae, and the presence of only two signa in the corpus bursae (while in C. indosinica sp. nov. there are three signa in the corpus bursae). Distribution (Fig. 46). South Myanmar (Hampson 1900), South-West and South Thailand (provinces Kanchanaburi, Chumphon, Ranong and Nakhon Si Tammarat), Malaysia (Malay Peninsula), Indonesia (Sumatra Isl.).

The Cyana bianca species-group Diagnosis. The species-group is similar to the Cyana insularis (Draudt, 1914) species-group partly reviewed by Lourens (2017). The pattern of both sexes is similar to that of members of the C. insularis species-group, but moths of the C. bianca species-group are larger, and in males the posterior black spot of the cell is streak-shaped (while in the C. bianca species-group it is rounded). The male genitalia of the C. bianca species-group differ from those of the C. insularis species-group in the presence of ampulla (absent in the C. insularis species-group), the more robust distal saccular process with a short thorn-like tip (while in the C. insularis species-group the distal saccular process is weaker distally and has a long thorn-like tip), the presence of the lateral lobes of the vinculum (absent in the C. insularis species-group), and the vesica armed with broad fields of short, but robust cornuti (while in the C. insularis species-group two or three narrow diverticula of the vesica are armed with dense clusters of long, spikelike cornuti). The female genitalia of the C. bianca species-group differ from those of the C. insularis speciesgroup in the presence of the posterior sclerotized plate of the corpus bursae and the absence of a rugose sclerotization of the anterior section of the ductus bursae. Description. External morphology of adults. Length of forewing 14.5–19 mm in males and 19–21 mm in females. The sexual dimorphism well expressed: males smaller than females, have narrower forewings with androconial lobes on underside, and three black spots in cell, whereas females have broader forewings without androconial pockets and with only two black dots in cell. Antennae ciliate in both sexes. Head white. Thorax white, with broad red bands on tegulae and patagia margins, and red transverse bands on medial and posterior parts. Abdomen whitish with numerous pale red scales. Forewing ground color white. Subbasal line red, wavy; antemedial line broad, red, its outer margin slightly wavy and bordered by thin black line; postmedial line broad, slightly S-like curved, its outer margin bordered by thin black line; terminal line red, with diffuse inner margin; in males there is short black streak connecting costa and outer black margin of postmedial line; three black round spots of different size in cell in males and two large black round spots in females; cilia whitish. Hindwings pale red, without pattern, slightly lightened along costal margin; cilia pale red. Male genitalia. Uncus elongated, slender, distally narrowed, apically tapered, basally connected with scaphium. Anal tube broad, scaphium broad, membranous; subscaphium broad, weakly sclerotized, setose. Tegumen of moderate length, narrow; vinculum short, broad, U-like, with lateral lobes; juxta trapezoidal, with broadly trigonal bottom concavity. Valve lobe-like, with strongly curved costal margin, distally narrowed, apically rounded; sacculus broad, moderately sclerotized; distal saccular process long, robust, curved dorsally, with spine-like tip, well separated from distal part of valve, its tip almost reaches valve apex; ventral plate of costa short, narrow, with well-developed ampulla directed ventrally. Aedeagus long and broad. Vesica broad, consists of four largest diverticula with small subdiverticula; medial posterior and distal diverticula covered with numerous small cornuti; medial anterior diverticulum granulated or with setose scobination; medial dorsal diverticulum with four small subdiverticula, granulated; vesica ejaculatorius broad, projected ventrally. Female genitalia. Ovipositor short and broad. Papillae anales rectangular with rounded angles; apophyses thin, apophyses anteriores of equal length or slightly shorter than apophyses posteriores; ostium bursae broad, antrum broad, funnel-like, weakly sclerotized; ductus bursae moderately broad, membranous, slightly rugose; corpus bursae sack-like, with broad sclerotized area posteriorly, medial lateral sclerotized band and two-three signa anteriorly; appendix bursae broadly conical, membranous, situated dorso-posteriorly., Published as part of Volynkin, Anton V., Černý, Karel & Ivanova, Maria S., 2018, A review of the Cyana bianca (Walker, 1856) species-group with descriptions of a new species and a new subspecies from Indochina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in Zootaxa 4497 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4497.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1451108, {"references":["Draudt, M. (1914) Arctiidae. - Tiger moths (Miltochrista to Stenosa). In: Seitz, A. (Ed.), Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde, 10. Die Indo-Australischen Spinner und Schwarmer. Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart, pp. 135 - 223.","Lourens, J. H. (2017) The Cyana insularis - group (Arctiidae, Lithosiinae, Cyana Walker 1854) with fifteen Insular and Mainland SE Asian taxa (seven nov. sp. / two nov. ssp.) and seven habitus look-alikes (two nov. sp.) from likely parallel developing lineage (s). Entomofauna, 38 (12), 233 - 300."]}

Cyana quadripartita vieta Volynkin & Černý, ssp. nov. (Figs. 21–24, 35, 36, 44, 46) Type material. Holotype (Figs. 21, 35): ♂, Vietnam, Prov. Vinh Phu, Tam Dao, 60 km NW Hanoi, 950–1200 m, 23°34’N, 105°20’E, VI.1994, Sinajev V. & Simonov leg. / Museum Witt München, slide ZSM Arct. 141/2017 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM). Paratypes: 16 ♂, 1 ♀, same data as in the holotype, slide MWM 33516 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 5 ♂, 5 ♀, North Vietnam, Tam Dao, 60 km NW Hanoi, 950 m (21.34’N 105.20’E), 17.X.1994, leg. V. Sinjaev, slides ZSM Arct. 140/2017 ♂, MWM 33512 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ZSM); 32 ♂, 8 ♀, same locality, but 1–5.V.1993, leg. Sinjaev & Simonov (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 5 ♂, 4 ♀, Tam Dao, 60 km NW Hanoi, 21.34’N 105.20’E, 1200 m 1– 15.XI.1992, secondary forest, leg. V. Sinajev & Simonov, ex coll. Schintlmeister, slide ZSM Arct. 142/2017 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ZSM); 2 ♂, N Vietnam, Tam Dao, 60 km NW Hanoi, 21.34’N 105.20’E, 950 m, 17.X.1995, leg. V. Sinjaev, ex coll. A. Schintlmeister (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, Vietnam: Tam Dao, 900 m, 23.VII.1986, leg. J. Razowski (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, same locality and collector, but 25.VII.1986 (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♀, same locality and collector, but 27.VII.1986 (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, same locality and collector, but VI.1986 (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 9 ♀, N Vietnam, 900 m, Tam Dao, VI.1986, 75 km N Hanoi, lg. J. Razowski (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, North Vietnam, Province Vinh Phuc, Tam Dao, 1000 m, 22–24.IX.2003, leg. Binh / coll. S. Löffler (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 4 ♀, Vietnam, Prov. Vinh Phu, Tam Dao, 60 km NW Hanoi, 950–1200 m, 21.34’N 105.20’E, VI.1994, Sinjaev V. & Simonov leg. (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, N Vietnam, 1600 m, Mt. Fan-Si-Pan (North), Cha- pa, secondary forest, 22.17’N, 103.44’E, 25–30.III.1995, leg. V. Sinjaev & A. Schintlmeister (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, N Vietnam, Cuc Phuong, 60 km SW Hanoi, 20.15’N, 105.20’E, 18.XI.–3.XII. 1992, 400 m, leg. Sinajev & Simonov, ex coll. Schintlmeister, (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♀, N Vietnam, Fan-si-pan, Cha-pa, 22.15’N, 103.46’E, 8–29.V.1993, 1700 m NN, leg. Sinajev & Simonov, ex coll. Schintlmeister, (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, S [Central] Vietnam, Kon Tum province, Dac Glei, 15°07’N 107°42’E, H= 700m, 8.VIII.1996, leg. Siniaev & Afonin, ex coll. Alex. Schintlmeister, slide MWM 34578 Volynkin (♂) (Coll. MWM/ZSM); 4 ♂, South Vietnam, [Lam Dong prov.] Bao Loc (sec. forest), Rung Cat Tien, 1500 m (11.32’N, 107.48’E), 10–20.XII.1992, leg. Sinajev & Simonov, slide MWM 34576 Volynkin (♂) (Coll. MWM/ZSM); 1 ♂, S Vietnam, Bach-Ma Nat. Park, 1200 m, 16°10’N, 107°54’E, 26.VII.–6.VIII.1996, leg. Sinjaev & Afonin, ex coll. Schintlmeister, slide MWM 34577 Volynkin (♂) (Coll. MWM/ZSM); 1 ♂, Vietnam sept., Tam Dao, 950m, 11.X.1974, leg Karel Spitzer (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, same locality and collector, but 16.X. 1974 (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, same locality, but VIII.1975, leg Kubáň (Coll. CKC); 2 ♂, 2 ♀, same locality and collector, but V.1990 (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, Vietnam., Tam Dao, 18.X.1976, Ing. A. Helia lgt. (Coll. CKC); 3 ♂, 2 ♀, N Vietnam, Tam Dao, 60 (km) NW Hanoi, 21.34°N, 105.20°E, 1200 m, 1– 5.V.1993, secondary forest, leg Sinaev & Simonov, ex coll. Schintlmeister (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, Vietnam sept., Phansipan, Sapa, 1000 m, V.1990, leg Kubáň (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, [S Vietnam] Cochin China: Tong; IV.1935 / S. Masseyeff, B.M. 1937-658 (Coll. NHMUK). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 14–17 mm in males and 17–18 mm in females. The continental new subspecies (Figs. 21–24) differs externally from the island nominate subspecies (Figs. 17–20) by its slightly larger size, and significantly broader and orange red transverse lines of forewings (while in C. quadripartita quadripartita the forewing transverse lines are much narrower and pale red). The male genitalia of C. quadripartita vieta ssp. nov. (Figs. 35, 36) differ from those of C. quadripartita quadripartita (Fig. 34) in the slightly larger medial posterior diverticulum and the broader and longer medial anterior diverticulum. The female genitalia of the new subspecies (Fig. 44) differ from those of the nominate subspecies (Fig. 43) in the broader and longer antrum, the broader appendix bursae, and the presence of a small, second signum in the corpus bursae. Distribution (Fig. 46). The subspecies is known from Vietnam (provinces Lao Cai, Vinh Phu, Thua Thien Hue, Kon Tum, Lam Dong). Etymology. The subspecific epithet refers to the country of the taxon distribution: Vietnam (Vietnamese: Việt Nam).

Cyana indosinica Volynkin & Čern��, sp. nov. (Figs. 5���10, 28���30, 38, 39, 46) Type material. Holotype (Figs. 5, 28): ♂, Thailand, Changwat [Province] Nan, 25 km N of Bo Luang, 1150 m, 17.XI.1998, leg. Tibor Cs��v��ri & L��szl�� Mikus, slide ZSM Arct. 138/2017 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM). Paratypes: THAILAND: 32 ♂, 7 ♀, same data as in the holotype, slide MWM 34572 Volynkin (♂) (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 7 ♂, same locality, but 11.XI.1999, leg. M��rton Hreblay (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, Thailand, Changwat Nan, 5 km E of Bo Luang, 610 m, 23.XI.1998, leg. Tibor Cs��v��ri & L��szl�� Mikus (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 4 ♂, 3 ♀, Thailand, Changwat Nan, 5 km N of Bo Luang, 1000 m, 18.VIII.1999, leg. Tibor Cs��v��ri & L��szl�� Mikus, slide MWM 33513 Volynkin (♀) (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 2 ♂, 3 ♀, Thailand, Changwat Nan, 6 km N Bo Luang, 1050 m, 19.VIII.1999, leg. T. Cs��v��ri & L. Mikus, slide ZSM Arct. 139/2017 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 3 ♂, 3 ♀, Thailand, Changwat Nan, 7 km W of Ban Bo Yuak, 1000 m, 25.XI.1998, leg. Tibor Cs��v��ri & L��szl�� Mikus (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 11 ♂, Thailand, Changwat Chiang Mai, Mt. Doi Inthanon, NP, 2300 m, 17.X.2000, leg. local collector, slide MWM 34575 Volynkin (♂) (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, Thailand, Chiang Mai, Mt. Doi Inthanon, Nat. Park, 2300 m, 25.IX.1999, leg. A. Szabo & Zita (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 4 ♂, Thailand, Changwat Chiang Mai, 12 km NW Chiang Dao, 750 m, 12.XI.1998, leg. Tibor Cs��v��ri & L��szl�� Mikus, slide MWM 34574 Volynkin (♂) (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, Thailand, Changwat Chiang Mai, 4 km W of Pa Pae, 1050 m, 28.XI.1998, leg. Tibor Cs��v��ri & L��szl�� Mikus (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 2 ♂, 1 ♀, Thailand, Mt. Doi Phahompok, 14 km NW of Fang, 1700 m, 16.X.2000, leg. local collector, slide MWM 34573 Volynkin (♂) (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 1 ♂, N Thailand, Chiang Mai prov., between Chiang Dao and Kariang, 900 m, 98��48���E; 19��25���N, 26.X.2002, leg B. Herczik & G. Ronkay (Coll. CKC); 1 ♀, N Thailand, Chiang Mai, Chiang Dao, 19��24.232���N, 98��55.596���E, 22.V.2011 leg. K. Čern�� (Coll. CKC); 2 ♂, N Thailand, Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep, 1085 m, 18��48���N, 98��54���54������E, 8.VI.2005, leg. K. Čern�� (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, 1 ♀, 14���22.VIII.2016, N Thailand, Chiang Mai prov., Thanon Thong Chai Range, near Doi Suthep-Pui National Park, 18��54'10.50''N 98��51'46.05''E, h= 700 m, secondary forest, Volynkin A.V. & Ivanova M.S. leg. (Coll. CAV); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, 24���30.VII.2017, N Thailand, Chiang Mai Prov., Thong Chai Range, near Doi Suthep Pui National Park, 18��54���22.91������N 98��51���34.76������E, h= 800 m, primary forest, A.V. Volynkin & M.S. Ivanova leg., slides AV3126 ♂, AV3127 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CAV); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, N Thailand, Chiang Rai, 1090 m, road 1150, km 17 from Wiang Pa Pao, 19��18���45������N, 99��23���24������E, 27.V.2011 leg. K. Čern�� (Coll. CKC); 2 ♂ North Thailand, Prov. Nan, Doi Phuka [Doi Phu Kha] NP, 1350 m, between Pua and Bo Luang, 101��05���E, 19��12���N, 3.XI.2002, leg B. Herczik & G. Ronkay (Coll. CKC); 1 ♀ N Thailand, Nan prov., 785 m, road 1081, 18��52���26������N, 100��31���44������E, 31.V.2011 leg. K. Čern�� (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, W Thailand, Tak, Doi Mussoe, 821 m, 16��45.317���N, 98��55.438���E, 11���12.XI.2010, leg. K. Čern�� (Coll. CKC); 4 ♂, C Thailand, Saraburi, Khao Yai NP, Mt. Khao Kaew, 1244 m, 14��21���56������N, 101��24���E, 31.V.2005 leg. K. Čern��, slide AV3856 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, C Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima, Pak Chong, 1300 m, Khao Yai NP, 15.VI.2006, leg. Thomas Ihle, slide AV3857 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CKC); CHINA: 1 ♀, China, [Yunnan] prov. Simao, Mangxi Ba Mts., 18 km S of Simao city, 1280 m, 15���21.VI.1999, leg. Dr. Ronald Brechlin, slide MWM 33515 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); LAOS: 1 ♂, Laos centr., Kham Mouan pr., Nakai vill. env., 560 m, 70 km NNE of Muang Khammouan, 7��� 25.V.2002, leg. Milan ��trba, slide MWM 33491 Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ ZSM); 2 ♂, 3 ♀, Laos centr., Khamouane province, Nakai env., 17��43���N, 105��09���E; 22.V���8.VI.2001, alt 500���600m, E. Jendek & O. ��au��a leg. (Coll. CKC); 1 ♂, Laos, prov. Khamouane, Ban Phon Khaen, 20���23.V.2013, leg. T. Ihle (Coll. CKC); 12 ♂, 17���28.VIII.2017, South Laos, Champasak prov., 27 km ENE of Pakse, near Tad Fane waterfall, N 15��11���01.1������ E 106��07���40.5������, 950 m, border of primary forest, A.V. Volynkin & M.S. Ivanova leg., slides AV3124 ♂, AV3125 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CAV); VIETNAM: 10 ♂, 3 ♀, South Vietnam, [Lam Dong prov.] Bao Loc (sec. forest), Rung Cat Tien, 1500 m (11.32���N, 107.48���E), 10���20.XII.1992, leg. Sinajev & Simonov, slides ZSM Arct. 143/2017 ♂, ZSM Arct. 144/ 2017 ♀ Volynkin (Coll. MWM/ZSM); 2 ♂, 25.V.2016, South Vietnam, Lam Dong Province, Lac Duong District, Tay Nguyen Highlands, Nui Ba National Park, leg. Vo Van Nhon, slide AV3123 ♂ Volynkin (Coll. CAV); 1 ♂, same locality and collector, but XII.2015 (Coll. CAV); 3 ♂, 1 ♀, VIII.2015, Central Vietnam, Da Nang province, Ba Na Mt., 1450 m, leg. Le Luong Thanh (Coll. CAV). Diagnosis. Forewing length is 16���19 mm in males and 19���21 mm in females. Externally, C. indosinica sp. nov. (Figs. 5���10) has no significant differences from C. bianca (Figs. 1���4) and C. malayana (Figs. 11���16) and can be distinguished by the genitalia. The male genitalia of C. indosinica sp. nov. (Figs. 28���30) are most similar to those of C. malayana (Figs. 31���33), but differ in the significantly smaller and weaker ampulla, the broader medial posterior and distal diverticula, which have broader fields of cornuti, the larger medial anterior diverticulum, and the basally broader medial dorsal diverticulum. The female genitalia of C. indosinica sp. nov. (Figs. 38, 39) differ from those of C. malayana (Figs. 40, 41) in the more heavily sclerotized posterior plate of the corpus bursae, which has stronger wrinkles, and the presence of three signa in the corpus bursae (while in C. malayana there are only two signa). Distribution (Fig. 46). North and Central Thailand (provinces Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Nan, Saraburi, Nakhon Ratchasima), SW China (Yunnan), Laos (provinces Khammouan and Champasak), Cambodia (province Pursat) (Bayarsaikhan & Bae 2016), Central and South Vietnam (provinces Da Nang and Lam Dong). Etymology. The specific epithet refers to its geographical range located within the Indochina Peninsula., Published as part of Volynkin, Anton V., ��ern��, Karel & Ivanova, Maria S., 2018, A review of the Cyana bianca (Walker, 1856) species-group with descriptions of a new species and a new subspecies from Indochina (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) in Zootaxa 4497 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4497.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/1451108, {"references":["Bayarsaikhan, U. & Bae, Y. - S. (2016) A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from Cambodia, with description of new species. Zootaxa, 4114 (4), 447 - 463. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4114.4.5"]}