Search

The detection of cancer cells through important molecular recognition target such as sialic acid is significant for the clinical diagnosis and treatment. There are many electrochemical cytosensors developed for cancer cells detection but most of them have complicated fabrication processes which results in poor reproducibility and reliability. In this study, a simple, low-cost, and highly sensitive electrochemical cytosensor was designed based on boronic acid-functionalized polythiophene. In cytosensors fabrication simple single-step procedure was used which includes coating pencil graphite electrode (PGE) by means of electro-polymerization of 3-Thienyl boronic acid and Thiophen. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry were used as an analytical methods to optimize and measure analytical performances of PGE/P(TBA0.5Th0.5) based electrode. Cytosensor showed extremely good analytical performances in detection of cancer cells with linear rage of 1×101 to 1×106 cellsmL-1 exhibiting low detection limit of 10 cellsmL-1 and incubation time of 10min. Next to excellent analytical performances, it showed high selectivity towards AGS cancer cells when compared to HEK 293 normal cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-hMSCs). This method is promising for future applications in early stage cancer diagnosis.

As a major component of the Mediterranean diet, olive and olive products have protective effects against several human diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer, via their antioxidant activity. Olive’s beneficial effect is attributed to its phenolic content and fatty acid profile. In this study, effects of different types of olive extracts on cancer cell lines were evaluated. Proliferative, cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of olive extracts were investigated and gene expression profiles of cancer cells treated with olive extracts were analysed in AGS, Caco-2 cell lines and bone marrow human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Since topo IIα is essential for chromosome segregation in mitotic cells, the expression level of topo IIα can be used as a marker of cell proliferation. Expression level of topo IIα was checked by using RT-PCR. In vitro results revealed that AGS cell lines were more sensitive to treatment of olive extracts than were colon carcinoma models, Caco-2, and healthy human cells.

The photoinactivation of three different human cancer cell lines, HeLa, neuroblastoma and U87 and antimicrobial activities against Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) by protoporphyrin IX and protoporphyrin–dopamine conjugate were examined. The antimicrobial activities were screened by optical density measurement at 600 nm. Also, the cytotoxicity and proliferation assays were performed with LDH measurements at 490 nm and WST-1 assays at 450 nm, respectively, with and without irradiation.

DNA topoisomerase I and II have been shown to be modified with a ubiquitin-like protein SUMO in response to their specific inhibitors called 'poisons'. These drugs also damage DNA by stabilizing the enzyme-DNA cleavable complex and induce a degradation of the enzymes through the 26S proteasome system. A plausible link between sumoylation and degradation has not yet been elucidated. We demonstrate here that topoisomerase IIbeta, but not its isoform IIalpha, is selectively degraded through proteasome by exposure to the catalytic inhibitor ICRF-193 which does not damage DNA. The beta isoform immunoprecipitated from ICRF-treated cells was modified by multiple modifiers, SUMO-2/3, SUMO-1, and polyubiquitin. When the SUMO conjugating enzyme Ubc9 was conditionally knocked out, the ICRF-induced degradation of topoisomerase IIbeta did not occur, suggesting that the SUMO modification pathway is essential for the degradation.

The matrix attachment region (MAR) is a distinctive genomic DNA involved in a variety of nuclear processes through association with the nuclear matrix. Recent studies suggest that nuclear matrix is altered in the process of apoptosis and presented to the immune system, leading to the production of autoantibodies against its protein components. To see whether MARs are also recognized by autoantibodies, a collection of human sera containing antinuclear antibodies was screened for the presence of binding activities against cloned MARs. We found that MAR-binding activities are quite common in these sera. There was a positive correlation among the MAR-binding titers for three different MAR probes. As expected, the MAR-binding activity was copurified with serum IgG, and subclass analysis with affinity-purified IgG on MAR-Sepharose showed a predominance of IgG2 isotype. Several lines of evidence implied that the anti-MAR antibodies detected here is distinct from the ordinary anti-DNA antibodies that are reactive to bulk DNA.