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Hypericum perforatum is a widely used medicinal plant known that it has high bioactive performance due to its special biochemical compounds in its structure. The current study aimed to determine the optimum processing parameters of extraction conditions of bioactive constituents in H. perforatum by ultrasound application and its some bioactive performance. For this purpose, different processing variables namely sonication period (min), liquid/solid ratio and ethanol concentration (%) were selected to characterize the best conditions for extraction of H. perforatum. The statistical analysis results revealed that the most effective factor on the studied parameters was ethanol concentration and increment of ethanol level increased the characterized responses until a constant value. The constructed regression models fit very well with quite high determination of coefficients (R²>0.906). Total phenolic content was in the range of 39.54-63.55 mg GAE/g sample while total hypericin concentration ranged between 211.5-858.7 mg/kg. Multiple response optimization results revealed that the optimum extraction conditions would be at 47.6% ethanol concentration and 22.2 mL of liquid/solid ratio for 60 min ultrasonic process application. The results revealed that the optimized extraction conditions could be utilized for ultrasound extraction system by industrial application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thirty-three different Hypericum perforatum genotypes were characterized in terms of morphological (plant height, herbage yields), physicochemical (ash, cellulose, protein, and colour), and bioactive properties. The antioxidant and antibacterial capacity were also assessed. All genotype samples were characterized as flower part and whole plant (aerial part). It was observed that the plant height ranged between 21.6 and 96.6 cm and whole plant drog yield was in the range of 11–146 g. Bioactivity showed wide distribution for the samples and all bioactive parameter values were measured as lower for the whole plant compared to the flower part. Total phenolic content ranged between 60.39-110.54 and 49.08–89.53 mg GAE/g for the flower part and whole plant, respectively. Flower extracts also showed good inhibition activity against some Gram (+) bacteria. The GT-Biplot statistical mathematical classification approach was applied to reveal the promising genotypes. • Hypericum perforatum genotypes were morphologically investigated. • The antioxidant and antibacterial capacity were also assessed. • Extracts from flower parts showed higher bioactivity than those from whole plants. • Flower extracts inhibited some Gram (+) bacteria. • GT-Biplot approach was applied to unravel the promising genotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]