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Garlic (Allium sativa L.) is a bulbous flowering plant belongs to the family of Amaryllidaceae and is a predominant horticultural crop originating from central Asia. Garlic and its products are chiefly used for culinary and therapeutic purposes in many countries. Bulbs of raw garlic have been investigated for their role in oral health, which are ascribed to a myriad of biologically active compounds such as alliin, allicin, methiin, S-allylcysteine (SAC), diallyl sulfide (DAS), S-ally-mercapto cysteine (SAMC), diallyl disulphide (DADS), diallyl trisulfide (DATS) and methyl allyl disulphide. A systematic review was conducted following the PRISMA statement. Scopus, PubMed, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Science direct databases were searched between 12 April 2021 to 4 September 2021. A total of 148 studies were included and the qualitative synthesis phytochemical profile of GE, biological activities, therapeutic applications of garlic extract (GE) in oral health care system, and its mechanism of action in curing various oral pathologies have been discussed. Furthermore, the safety of incorporation of GE as food supplements is also critically discussed. To conclude, GE could conceivably make a treatment recourse for patients suffering from diverse oral diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to numerous biological activities of different parts of Moringa oleifera Lam., various studies have been carried out to isolate and explore the activities of its various bioactive compounds including polysaccharides. Polysaccharides of M. oleifera have been reported to possess a variety of biofunctionalities including antihyperlipidemic, anti-diabetic, immunomodulatory, antihypertensive and gastrointestinal protection. In addition to bioactive polysaccharides, the gum exudated by stem of this plant is of commercial importance with wide range of applications in pharmaceutical industries. Various extraction and purification methods as well as combination of methods have been used to isolate and purify moringa polysaccharides. Studies suggest that extraction methods influence the structure of polysaccharides and thus their biological activity. This review summarizes all the available literature to provide updated information related to extraction, purification, modification, structural characterization, bioactivities and potential applications of moringa polysaccharides. This review will provide novel insights for future research and applications of moringa polysaccharides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Apple (Malus domestica) is a popular and ancient fruit of the Myrtaceae family. Apple fruit is well-known for its great nutritional and phytochemical content consisted of beneficial compounds such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, sterols, and organic acids. Polysaccharides extracted from different parts of the apple fruit, including the peel, pomace, or the whole fruit, have been extensively studied. Researchers have investigated the structural characteristics of these polysaccharides, such as molecular weight, type of monosaccharide unit, type of linkage and its position and arrangement. Besides this, functional properties and physicochemical and of apple polysaccharides have also been studied, along with the effects of extraction procedures, storage, and processing on cell wall polysaccharides. Various extraction techniques, including hot water extraction, enzymatic extraction, and solvent-assisted extraction, have been studied. From the findings, it was evident that apple polysaccharides are mainly composed of (1 → 3), (1 → 6): α-β-glycosidic linkage. Moreover, the apple polysaccharides were demonstrated to exhibit antioxidant, hepatoprotective, anti-cancer, hypoilipidemic, and enzyme inhibitory properties in vitro and in vivo. The potential applications of apple polysaccharides in the food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical industries have also been explored in the present review. Overall, the research on apple polysaccharides highlights their significant potential as a source of biologically active compounds with various health benefits and practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) consumed in several tropical and subtropical countries is a highly valued multi-purpose herbal plant with numerous medicinal properties and high nutritional value. Moringa seeds contain high protein content (∼52%) with all the essential amino acids and could act as a potential source of functional protein isolate for application in food and biomedical industries. The objective of the current review is to highlight the recent developments in the various protein extraction methods and preparation of protein hydrolysates from moringa seeds. The recent findings on the bioactivities, functional properties, and industrial applications of moringa seed proteins are noteworthy. Therefore, the study was framed to discuss relevant research reports in six sections viz-moringa seed protein extraction, moringa seed protein isolates/hydrolysates, amino acid profile, functional properties, bioactivities, and food or biomedical industrial applications. Moringa seed proteins exhibited antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, anticancer, and cardio-protective activity. Moringa seed protein isolates revealed good foaming capacity and stability, emulsification capacity, water, and oil absorption capacity. Industrially moringa seed protein isolates could be potentially used as milk coagulant, thickening agent, food and feed ingredient, and drug delivery agent. Besides, moringa seed protein isolate is reported to heal diabetes, control inflammation and hypertension. [Display omitted] • First review on functional attributes and bioactivities of the moringa seed proteins. • Extraction of moringa seed protein and preparation of its hydrolysate are discussed. • Moringa seed protein possess anti-diabetic, organ-protective and antiviral activities. • Characterization and application of moringa seed protein are highlighted in the review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The upsurging global population, along with the increasing cost of traditional sources of food proteins, provides an opportunity to directly utilize plant-derived proteins in human diets. Recently, the utilization of agro-industrial-generated raw byproducts has attracted the attention of modern food industries toward the production of sustainable, nutritious, and biofriendly products. Plant-derived proteins are among the promising materials being investigated. In particular, cottonseed protein, an important byproduct generated during the processing of cottonseed, is abundant in basic amino acids linked with several bioactivities. The suitability of using cottonseed protein products in terms of functional attributes and nutritional value in food systems will ultimately determine the magnitude of their application in the food industry. Techniques used for the most effective extraction of cottonseed protein with an esculent gossypol concentration have been comprehensively discussed. The bioactivities of enzymatically obtained cottonseed protein hydrolysates can be employed for fabricating bioactive packaging materials. Cottonseed proteins exhibit a plethora of bioactivities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities. Their superior functional food properties and relatively lower cost than other plant proteins make them suitable candidates for various food and nonfood applications. In this review, recent developments regarding the extraction, hydrolysate preparation, bioactivities, and industrial applications of cottonseed protein are thoroughly discussed. [Display omitted] • First review considering extraction of cotton seed protein and preparation of its hydrolysates. • Bifunctionalities associated with bioactive peptides from cottonseed are discussed. • Bioactive peptides exhibit antioxidant, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. • Cottonseed protein have multifaceted food and non-food industrial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]