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This paper presents a large-scale document-level comparison of two major bibliographic data sources: Scopus and Dimensions. The focus is on the differences in their coverage of documents at two levels of aggregation: by country and by institution. The main goal is to analyze whether Dimensions offers as good new opportunities for bibliometric analysis at the country and institutional levels as it does at the global level. Differences in the completeness and accuracy of citation links are also studied. The results allow a profile of Dimensions to be drawn in terms of its coverage by country and institution. Dimensions’ coverage is more than 25% greater than Scopus which is consistent with previous studies. However, the main finding of this study is the lack of affiliation data in a large fraction of Dimensions documents. We found that close to half of all documents in Dimensions are not associated with any country of affiliation while the proportion of documents without this data in Scopus is much lower. This situation mainly affects the possibilities that Dimensions can offer as instruments for carrying out bibliometric analyses at the country and institutional level. Both of these aspects are highly pragmatic considerations for information retrieval and the design of policies for the use of scientific databases in research evaluation., The Scimago group annually receives a raw data copy in XML format through a contract with Elsevier. The Scimago group has the possibility of downloading a copy of Dimensions in JSON format through an agreement with Digital Science. We are not allowed to redistribute the Scopus and Dimensions data used in this paper.We thank the Dimensions and Scopus development teams for their availability to provide us with access to the information necessary to carry out this analysis.

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo comparar los patrones de colaboración de la producción científica argentina de agroindustria de acuerdo con el alcance geográfico de la investigación, es decir, temas dirigidos a lectores nacionales y temas que van más allá de la frontera nacional recogida en la base de datos Scopus para el periodo 2007-2016. El comportamiento de ambos grupos se analiza y describe de la siguiente manera: a) se discrimina según se trate de temas de investigación globales o locales, aplicando el criterio de ausencia o presencia de topónimos nacionales, respectivamente; b) se presenta el volumen de coautoría con diferentes países agrupados por continentes ; c) se determinan las 20 palabras claves más frecuentes para cada caso y, d) se pone en relación con el Índice-H de los países, utilizado en este caso como indicador de impacto científico del país colaborador. Los principales resultados muestran que solo con Europa se logra la proporción de colaboración a los niveles de la ciencia del país (40%). Con países de continentes como Oceanía, Asia y África, la colaboración es muy minoritaria (5% o menos). La distribución en temas globales y locales se mantiene en todos los continentes con leves incrementos en Europa, América del Norte y Caribe y Oceanía a favor de los temas locales. La correlación entre la colaboración internacional y el impacto científico que tienen los países con los que se colabora es relativamente positiva. Los temas sobre los que se investiga se anclan principalmente en la Patagonia, el litoral marítimo y se centran especialmente en los bovinos y el maíz. El estudio aporta información útil para pensar la conformación de equipos de investigación, la planificación de programas de movilidad internacional y alianzas estratégicas en relación con la colaboración futura, y lo hace en un área estratégica que genera fuertes expectativas para el desarrollo económico del país., This work aims to compare the collaboration patterns of the Argentine scientific production of Agroindustry according to the geographical scope of the research, that is, topics addressed to national readers and topics that go beyond the national border. Scopus database were used to carry out this study which span for the period 2007-2016. Collaboration patterns of both groups were analyzed and described as follows: a) whether they are global or local research topics, applying the criterion of absence or presence of national place names, respectively; b) the volume of co-authorship with different countries grouped by continents is presented; c) the 20 most frequent keywords are determined for each case and, d) the H-Index of countries was used as an indicator of the scientific impact of the collaborating country. The main results show that European countries are the main collaborator in Agroindustry research with more than 40% of co-authored papers, while Oceania, Asia, and Africa present lower collaboration rates (5% or less). The distribution of papers in global and local topics appear in all continents with slight increases in Europe, North America, and the Caribbean and Oceania in favor of local topics. The correlation between international collaboration and the scientific impact of the countries with which Argentina collaborates is relatively positive. The topics investigated are mainly anchored in Patagonia, the maritime coastline, and are especially focused on cattle and corn. The study provides useful information to think about the formation of research teams, the planning of international mobility programs, and strategic alliances for future collaboration, and it does so in a strategic area that generates strong expectations for the economic development of the country., Dossier: Estudios métricos de la información: abordajes teóricos, metodológicos y empíricos, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación

National contributions to science are influenced by a number of factors, including economic capacity, national scientific priorities, science policy, and institutional settings and cultures. Nations do not have equal opportunities to access the global scientific market, and therefore, often seek out international partners with complementary resources and expertise. This study aims at investigating national collaboration strategies, with a focus on research leadership—measured through the corresponding authorship—and its relationship with scientific impact. Results show that countries with higher R&D investments are more scientifically independent, and confirm that international collaborations positively related to citation impact. However, leadership in international collaborations inversely related to a country share of international collaboration and there is a very little relationship between citation impact and international leadership. For instance, most countries—and particularly those that have fewer resources—have a higher scientific impact when they are not leading. This suggests that, despite increasing global participation in science, most international collaborations area symmetrical, and that the research system remains structured around a few dominate nations, This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad and the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte), Spain (ZaidaChinchilla), the National Science Foundation, US (Cassidy Sugimoto), and the Canada Research Chairs program, Canada (VincentLarivière).

Proper field delineation plays an important role in scientometric studies, although it is a tough task. Based on an emerging and interdisciplinary field nanoscience and nanotechnology– this paper highlights the problem of field delineation. First we review the related literature. Then, three different approaches to delineate a field of knowledge were applied at three different levels of aggregation: subject category, publication level, and journal level. Expert opinion interviews served to assess the data, and precision and recall of each approach were calculated for comparison. Our findings confirm that field delineation is a complicated issue at both the quantitative and the qualitative level, even when experts validate results., This study was funded by the Ph.D. International Mobility Programme of the University of Granada and by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain through the State Programme of Research, Development, and Innovation oriented to the Challenges of Society [NANOMETRICS, CSO2014-57770-R].

"This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Scientometrics. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-018-2717-7"., ‘‘Smart specialization’’ allows one to identify national strengths and weaknesses within research fields and establish priorities accordingly. It may be a useful strategy for building scientific capacity in developing and peripheral countries. The objective of this paper is to characterize the scientific output and specialization of the most productive Latin American countries with a focus on international collaboration and impact. We conducted a descriptive study based on the SCImago Institutions Ranking (SIR) portal, in the field of Medicine, for the period 2003–2013. The set of indicators applied was based on documents, citation, and collaboration. The results show that at the global level, Surgery, Cardiology, Oncology, Neurology, and Public Health are the most productive subjects in Medicine; in Latin America, the most productive topics are Public Health, Infectious Diseases, Surgery, Neurology, and Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine. The most prolific countries are Brazil, Mexico, and Argentina, though the ones having greater impact and more collaboration are Peru, Puerto Rico, and Argentina. The most productive and visible fields, such as Oncology, Cardiology, and Infectious Diseases, are related to major global health problems involving chronic and emerging diseases. This information could be useful to design pragmatic policies, to encourage research in key fields in order to respond better to the health needs of a given population.

"This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Scientometrics. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1568-8”., Cuban scientific output is analyzed for the period 2003-2011, in Scopus database. Based on a set of bibliometric indicators, we try to shed light on the evolution of the volume of scientific output in Cuban and foreign journals, and its distribution and visibility by quartiles. Also analyzed is the citation per document received, broken down by language of publication and type of collaboration. The results reveal patterns and strategies of expansion in scientific communication that may be useful for academic and institutional decision-makers, suggesting means of amending editorial policy to improve scientific quality and international diffusion of output. It is hoped that these results will spur debate about research policies and actions to be taken to enhance the quality of research., This work was made possible through the Short-Term Visiting Fellows Program of the CSIC Instituto de Políticas y Bienes Públicos (IPP) Madrid, Spain

Subject classification arises as an important topic for bibliometrics and scientometrics as to develop reliable and consistent tools and outputs. For this matter, a well delimited underlying subject classification scheme reflecting science fields becomes essential. Within the broad ensemble of classification techniques clustering analysis is one of the most successful. Two clustering algorithms based on modularity, namely, VOS and Louvain methods, are presented in order to update and optimise journal classification of SCImago Journal & Country Rank (SJR) platform. We used network analysis and visualization software Pajek to run both algorithms on a network of more than 18,000 SJR journals combining three citation-based measures, that is, direct citation, co-citation and bibliographic coupling. The set of clusters obtained was termed through category labels assigned to SJR journals and significant words from journal titles. Despite of both algorithms exhibiting slight performance differences, the results showed a similar behaviour in grouping journals and, consequently, they seem to be appropriate solutions for classification purposes. The two new generated algorithm-based classifications were compared to other bibliometric classification systems such as the original SJR one and WoS Subject Categories in order to validate their consistency, adequacy and accuracy. Although there are notable differences among the four classification systems analysed, we found a certain coherence and homogeneity among them.

Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Zaida; Miguel, Sandra; Perianes-Rodríguez, Antonio. (2016). Measuring research performance in international collaboration. 14th International Congress of Information, Info '2016. La Havana, Cuba, October 31- November 4, 2016., International collaboration in the creation of knowledge is responsible to change the structural stratification of science having profound implications for the governance of science. Analysis of collaboration in Latin American and Caribbean countries is of particular significance, because initiatives are often the result of “research-for-aid” arrangements, generally based on North–South asymmetries. However, collaboration for mutual benefit and excellence has gained increasing acceptance, with “partner” selection becoming a strategic priority to enhance one’s own production. The general aim of this study is to quantify the benefit rate in visibility and impact of scientific production in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology (NST) bearing in mind the different types of output (total, in leadership, excellent, and excellent with leadership) of the six main producers of knowledge in NST in Latin America in the period 2003-2013. More specifically we aspire to visualize the networks of international collaboration in a given country (ego-network) to represent the difference between the citations received per type of output, and identify the associates with whom a country has greater potential and capacity to generate knowledge of high quality, as well as the differences existing in terms of visibility depending on the type of production analyzed. In short, we wish to determine the benefits of such collaborative efforts. In this way we could respond to questions such as: a) With which countries is collaboration established? and b) With which collaborating countries are the greatest volume of citations per document obtained, according to the type of output., This work was made possible through financing by the Project NANOMETRICS (Ref. CSO2014-57770-R) supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain

Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Zaida; Miguel, Sandra; Perianes-Rodríguez, Antonio; Ovalle-Perandones, Antonia; Olmeda-Gómez, Carlos. (2016). Autonomy vs. dependency of scientific collaboration in scientific performance . 21st International Conference on Science and Technology Indicators, STI2016. Valencia, Spain, 14-16 September 2016, This study explores the capacity of Latin America in the generation of scientific knowledge and its visibility at the global level. The novelty of the contribution lies in the decomposition of leadership, plus its combination with the results of performance indicators. We compare the normalized citation of all output against the leading output, as well as scientific excellence (Chinchilla, et al. 2016a; 2016b), technological impact and the trends in collaboration types and normalized citation. The main goal is to determine to what extent the main Latin American producers of scientific output depend on collaboration to heighten research performance in terms of citation; or to the contrary, whether there is enough autonomy and capacity to leverage its competitiveness through the design of research and development agendas. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study adopting this approach at the country level within the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology, This work was made possible through financing by the Project NANOMETRICS (Ref. CSO2014-57770-R) supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain.

"This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Scientometrics. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-016-2023-1", Cuba has developed a biopharmaceutical sector that involves some of the country’s most relevant scientific institutions. Despite the severe constraints on resources resulting from the U.S. embargo, the results achieved by this sector have contributed to put the country’s health indicators at the same level of high-income nations. Recently, the creation of BioCubaFarma as a cluster of high-technology enterprises organized around a closed cycle model becomes one of the most relevant efforts of the Island in order to make biopharmaceuticals one of the country’s leading export earners. The main aim of the current paper was to characterize BioCubaFarma through a battery of Scopus-based bibliometric indicators. A comparison with the most productive multinational pharmaceutical companies was made. Regression analysis of annual productivity, number of citations, scientific talent pool, innovative knowledge and other citation-based indicators was performed. Differences and similarities between BioCubaFarma and multinational companies in four Scopus subject categories related to this sector were identified. The most productive and visible institutions from BioCubaFarma were also characterized. Qualified human resources, innovative knowledge, leadership, high specialization in the field of vaccines development and non-dependence of international collaboration are strengths of the organization. However, it is still necessary to increase the number of articles published in highly visible journals with the aim to achieve a better citation-based performance. Moreover, to increase the contributions from less-productive institutions, more clinical research published in medical journals and more collaboration with universities and health institutions could also have positive benefits for BioCubaFarma’s pipelines and portfolios., This research was supported by 2015 Postdoctoral Short Visiting Program of the Spanish Instituto de Bienes y Políticas Públicas (IPP) from Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC).

Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Zaida; Miguel, Sandra; Perianes-Rodríguez, Antonio; Olmeda-Gómez, Carlos; Ovalle-Perandones, Antonia. (2016). Quantifying and visualizing different types of scientific collaboration. 21st International Conference on Science and Technology Indicators, STI2016. Valencia, Spain, 14-16 September 2016., The general aim is to quantify the benefit rate in impact of scientific production in the field of nanoscience and nanotechnology (NST ) bearing in mind the different types of output (total, in leadership, excellent, and excellent with leadership) in Latin America (2003-2013). We aspire to visualize the heliocentric-networks of Argentina international collaboration to represent the difference between the citations received per type of output., This work was made possible through financing by the Project NANOMETRICS (Ref. CSO2014-57770-R) supported by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain.

The paper introduces the use of blockmodeling in the micro-level study of the internal structure of co-authorship networks over time. Variations in scientific productivity and researcher or research group visibility were determined by observing authors' role in the core-periphery structure and crossing this information with bibliometric data. Three techniques were applied to represent the structure of collaborative science: (1) the blockmodeling; (2) the Kamada-Kawai algorithm based on the similarities in co-authorships present in the documents analysed; (3) bibliometrics to determine output volume, impact and degree of collaboration from the bibliographic data drawn from publications. The goal was to determine the extent to which the use of these two complementary approaches, in conjunction with bibliometric data, provides greater insight into the structure and characteristics of a given field of scientific endeavour. The paper describes certain features of Pajek software and how it can be used to study research group composition, structure and dynamics. The approach combines bibliometric and social network analysis to explore scientific collaboration networks and monitor individual and group careers from new perspectives. Its application on a small-scale case study is intended as an example and can be used in other disciplines. It may be very useful for the appraisal of scientific developments. © 2012 Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, Hungary., This research was partially funded by the Spanish National Research Council under the project entitled “Generación de herramientas cienciométricas para el análisis de la colaboración científica” (Proyecto Intramural CSIC 200810I210).

"This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Scientometrics. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-014-1414-4”., Argentina´s patterns of publication in the humanities and social sciences were studied for the period 2003-2012, using the Scopus database and distinguishing the geographic realm of the research. The results indicate that “topics of national scope” have grown and gained international visibility. They can be broadly characterized as having Spanish as the language of publication, and a marked preference for single authorship; in contrast, the publication of “global topics”, not geographically limited, characteristically have English as the language of divulgation, and institutional collaboration is stronger and more consolidated. Citation is apparently not determined only by the geographic realm of research, but also by language of publication, co-authorship, and the profiles of the journals where published. These results could contribute to constructive reflection upon publishing policy. The existence of a community of journals that tolerates biased patterns may make researchers echo and perpetuate poor practices, constructing or adapting the channels of communication. Such results also prove useful as a point of reference when evaluation criteria are elaborated by scientific committees, as unsupervised promotion and evaluation patterns could become based on local or overly subjective precepts, disregarding the disciplinary practices of the international scientific community., This work was made possible through financing by the Project PICT-2011-2183 “Argentina como objeto de estudio en la producción científica con visibilidad regional e internacional. Una aproximación al estudio del dominio temático argentino” funded by the Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (FONCYT) of Argentina.

[EN] Local and global issues in the Argentinian scientific production in Scopus, 2008-2012. National and international dimensions of the research. Since the beginning of this century in Argentina scientific and technological policies show a clear interest in producing knowledge aimed at solving social, productive and environmental local problems. The bibliometric field has been studying the scientific production in the different countries around the world, and there is a background that focus its attention in Argentine scientific production. However, there are only a few studies on scientific production focused on Argentine local issues. The objective of this work is to analyze and describe the relation between the local and the global researches of the Argentine scientific production in Scopus since 2008 to 2012, and compare publishing, collaboration and leadership indicators from national and international dimensions. Results show that a quarter of the scientific production is focused on local topics of interest such as Social Sciences, Economy, Management, Agricultural and Biological Sciences, Earth and Planetary Sciences and Environmental Sciences. A high percent of this production is published in foreign journals. Researches in local topics are mainly carried out with national collaboration or without any kind of collaboration. A third part of the papers are made with international collaboration. However, it depends on the different disciplines. Also, there is a high percent of local and global scientific production led by researchers from Argentine institutions in all disciplines., [ES] En Argentina, desde comienzos del presente siglo, las políticas científicas y tecnológicas explícitas evidencian un claro interés en la producción de conocimientos orientados a la resolución de problemas sociales, productivos y medioambientales de carácter local. Desde la bibliometría se vienen realizando estudios sobre la producción científica de los países, existiendo varios antecedentes que enfocan la atención en la producción científica argentina. Sin embargo, son incipientes y escasos los trabajos sobre la producción científica enfocada a temas locales. Los objetivos de esta investigación son analizar y describir la relación entre lo local y lo global en la producción científica argentina con visibilidad en Scopus en el período 2008-2012, y comparar indicadores de publicación, colaboración y liderazgo desde las dimensiones nacionales e internacionales de las prácticas de comunicación científica. Los resultados muestran que una cuarta parte de la producción está orientada a temas locales, con destacada presencia de contribuciones en Ciencias sociales, Economía y Administración, Ciencias agrícolas y biológicas, Ciencias de la tierra y relacionadas con el ambiente. Un alto porcentaje de esta producción se publica en revistas extra-regionales. Hay un mayor predominio de investigación en colaboración nacional y sin colaboración en los temas locales. Sin embargo casi un tercio de la producción se realizó en colaboración internacional, con diferencias porcentuales según las disciplinas. Por último, destaca el alto porcentaje de producción liderada por investigadores de instituciones argentinas en todas las disciplinas, tanto en los temas locales como globales., Este estudio ha sido realizado en el marco del Proyecto PICT-2011-2183 Argentina como objeto de estudio en la producción científica con visibilidad regional e internacional, financiado por el Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (FONCYT) del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación de Argentina.

[Background] In the greater framework of the essential functions of Public Health, our focus is on a systematic, objective, external evaluation of Latin American scientific output, to compare its publications in the area of Public Health with those of other major geographic zones. We aim to describe the regional distribution of output in Public Health, and the level of visibility and specialization, for Latin America; it can then be characterized and compared in the international context., [Methods] The primary source of information was the Scopus database, using the category “Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health”, in the period 1996–2011. Data were obtained through the portal of SCImago Journal and Country Rank. Using a set of qualitative (citation-based), quantitative (document recount) and collaborative (authors from more than one country) indicators, we derived complementary data. The methodology serves as an analytical tool for researchers and scientific policy-makers., [Results] The contribution of Latin America to the arsenal of world science lies more or less midway on the international scale in terms of its output and visibility. Revealed as its greatest strengths are the high level of specialization in Public Health and the sustained growth of output. The main limitations identified were a relative decrease in collaboration and low visibility., [Conclusions] Collaboration is a key factor behind the development of scientific activity in Latin America. Although this finding can be useful for formulating research policy in Latin American countries, it also underlines the need for further research into patterns of scientific communication in this region, to arrive at more specific recommendations., We acknowledge support of the publication fee by the CSIC Open Access Publication Support Initiative through its Unit of Information Resources for Research (URICI).

Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Zaida. Tendencias internacionales en la evaluación de la ciencia y la tecnología. Bibliometría y Altmetría. Jornada de intercambio y debate sobre la medición de la producción científico-tecnológica: políticas, experiencias y desafíos. Instituto de Investigaciones en Humanidades y Ciencias Sociales (UNLP-CONICET) y Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, 3 de diciembre de 2013., La nueva generación de sistemas de información científica (CRIS) y las métricas basadas en el uso y consumo de la información, pueden aportar nuevos criterios y soluciones en la evaluación científica Los nuevos escenarios y plataformas brindan la oportunidad de que el investigador pueda incrementar la visibilidad más allá de la publicación en revistas, ya que puede compartir en muchas otras fuentes de interés Cualquier indicador que complemente los que ya existen (bibliométricos, de transferencia tecnológica, etc.) son bienvenidos y hay que explorar sus utilidades y sus limitaciones, Proyecto de colaboración internacional España-Argentina PICT 2183: Argentina como objeto de estudio en la producción científica con visibilidad regional e internacional. Una aproximación al estudio del dominio temático argentino. Investigadora responsable: Sandra Miguel. Universidad Nacional de la Plata

Cantos Mateos, Gisela; Zulueta, María Ángeles; Vargas-Quesada, Benjamín; Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Zaida. Estudio comparativo sobre la visualización de redes de co-words a través de los descriptores del Science Citation Index y de Medline. Atas de I Congresso ISKO Espanha e Portugal / XI Congresso ISKO Espanha, Oporto (Portugal), 7 a 9 de novembro 201, p. 173-189, Objetivos: El presente estudio se centra en la investigación desarrollada en España sobre células madre comprendida entre los años 1997 y 2010. El objetivo fundamental consiste en la comparación de las líneas de investigación que ofrece el análisis de distintos tipos de descriptores, según su naturaleza documental, a partir de su aparición conjunta en los documentos. Material y Métodos: Las fuentes utilizadas han sido las bases de datos del Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) y Medline, empleando para el estudio el mismo conjunto documental. El análisis aplicado ha consistido en la representación y visualización de las relaciones que se establecen entre los términos de indización. De un lado, se han empleado los descriptores utilizados por el SCI para indizar sus documentos: KeywordsPlus (KW+) y Keywords Author (KWA) y de otro, los descriptores MeSH utilizados por Medline. Las herramientas utilizadas para la visualización han sido el software Pajek, en combinación con el algoritmo PathfinderNetwork (PfNET) para la simplificación de las relaciones y el software VOSviewer.Resultados y Discusión: se han recuperado 3.078 documentos. A partir de ellos, en función del tipo de descriptor seleccionado, se han obtenido distintas imágenes sobre la investigación española en células madre entre 1997 y 2010. La visualización más clara y completa es la que ofrecen los descriptores KW+, permitiendo detectar hasta un total de seis líneas de investigación. La visualización de los KWA, por su parte, ofrece una imagen más diluida de las líneas de investigación, reflejando, sobre todo, la investigación de carácter más básico. Finalmente, la representación de las relaciones de los descriptores MeSH también se aproxima, sobre todo, a los estudios de carácter más básico. Conclusión: la comparación de las visualizaciones ha permitido determinar que los descriptores KW+ son la unidad de análisis más adecuada a la hora de realizar un análisis temático sobre un domino científico.

Moya-Anegón, F. (dir.), Bustos-González, A. (coord.), Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Z. (coord.), Corera-Álvarez, E., López-Illescas, C., González-Molina, A., López-Illescas, C., Vargas-Quesada, B. Principales Indicadores Cienciométricos de la Actividad Científica de la Universidad de Antioquia. Informe 2013. Bogotá: Universidad de Antioquia, 2013, Universidad de Antioquia, Colombia

Purpose – Research with stem cells is a biomedical venture with great scientific impact, and whose development flows over into many other areas. This article aims to present a dual analysis of Spain’s scientific output in this field during the period 1997-2007. Design/methodology/approach – The authors used bibliometric indicators of a basic nature as well as techniques for the visualization and analysis of networks of scientific information based on a study of KeyWords Plus. Findings – The output is mainly concentrated in Catalun˜a and Madrid, and hospitals are the most productive centres (followed by health institutes), where the main authors are affiliated. Main categories are hematology, oncology and biophysics. The outstanding areas of study revolve around the therapeutic use of transplant of hematopoietic progenitors, the processes of generation, proliferation and differentiation of lines of cells, and the study of neurosciences. Originality/value – This study provides an overview of Spanish research involving stem cells, detecting and representing the main areas of research. The article considers the potential of KeyWords Plus in combination with the proposed methodology as particularly useful for the analysis and delimitation of a scientific domain., This study was made possible by funding from the project CAM-UAH CCG07-UAH/HUM-1906.

This paper characterises scientific output in biomedicine in Andalusia, and Spain as a whole, and conduct a first-time comparison to Europe- and world-wide production. The data were extracted from the Scopus database. Three families of indicators are explored to analyse research quantity, quality and collaboration. The results show an upward trend on biomedical output in Andalusia. Over 50 % was in clinical medicine, whose growth doubled the basic medicine. We found greater than nationwide specialisation in biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology, immunology and microbiology, and pharmacology, while psychology proved to be the most prominent emerging area. The publication in most cited journals together with national and international collaboration enhanced research visibility. More citable papers were published on basic than clinical medicine, and the number of citations received by the former was also larger. The higher citation rate in basic medicine may also be explained by the bigger percentage of papers published in international instead domestic journals. Hence, publication patterns would appear to affect research visibility. The methodology proposed may provide guidance for public policy makers to improve, encourage and intensify good biomedical research practice., The present study was funded by the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) in the framework of the project entitled “Generation of scientometric tools for the analysis of scientific collaboration” (CISC intramural project 200810I210).

[EN]The Open Access in the scholarly communication is grouped into two areas referred to as gold and green roads. Some studies analyze the extent and magnitude of this phenomenon, but few show the effects in terms of impact and visibility. Our goal is to analyze these effects from the perspective of the economic model of the journals included in the database Scopus, in Latin America. The results show that both international and thematically, the presence of the journals that contribute to the development of "green route" exceeded the percentage of journals “golden route”. While in the peripheral and emerging regions, "golden route" predominate occupy the last positions of the distributions of impact., [ES] El Acceso Abierto en la comunicación académica se viene desarrollando por dos grandes vías: la ruta verde y la ruta dorada. Algunos estudios analizan la extensión y la magnitud de este fenómeno, pero pocos muestran los efectos en términos de impacto y visibilidad. Nuestro objetivo es analizar estos efectos desde la perspectiva del modelo económico de las revistas incluidas en la base de datos Scopus, en Latinoamérica. Los resultados muestran que tanto a nivel internacional como temático, la presencia de las revistas que contribuyen al desarrollo de la “ruta verde” sobrepasan el porcentaje de las revistas de la ruta dorada. Mientras en las regiones periféricas y emergentes, estas últimas revistas predominan ocupando las últimas posiciones de las distribuciones de impacto., Programa de Incentivos a la Investigación por la Secretaría de Políticas Universitarias, Ministerio de Educación de la Nación Argentina. La investigación fue desarrollada en 2011 durante una estancia de trabajo de la Dra. Sandra Miguel de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (Argentina) en el Instituto de Políticas y Bienes Públicos del CSIC, España

[Objective] The present study offers a novel methodological contribution to the study of the configuration and dynamics of research groups, through a comparative perspective of the projects funded (inputs) and publication co-authorships (output)., [Method] A combination of bibliometric techniques and social network analysis was applied to a case study: the Departmento de Bibliotecología (DHUBI), Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina, for the period 2000-2009. The results were interpreted statistically and staff members of the department, were interviewed., [Results] The method makes it possible to distinguish groups, identify their members and reflect group make-up through an analytical strategy that involves the categorization of actors and the interdisciplinary and national or international projection of the networks that they configure. The integration of these two aspects (input and output) at different points in time over the analyzed period leads to inferences about group profiles and the roles of actors., [Conclusions] The methodology presented is conducive to micro-level interpretations in a given area of study, regarding individual researchers or research groups. Because the comparative input-output analysis broadens the base of information and makes it possible to follow up, over time, individual and group trends, it may prove very useful for the management, promotion and evaluation of science., This study was made possible in part by funding from the CSIC under the project >Generación de herramientas cienciométricas para el análisis de la colaboración científica> (Proyecto Intramural CSIC 200810I210).

This paper characterises the patterns of international medical research in Central and South America. The objective is to ascertain countries' capacity to establish intra- and extra-regional scientific collaboration. The methodology used combines bibliometric techniques and social network analysis. Publication patterns are characterised by production volume, specialisation, visibility and collaboration through Scopus database. The results show the recent increase in Central and South American medical research production and citations has raised the region’s presence and participation in the international scientific arena. Although this growth is partly associated with the inclusion of new journals in the Scopus database, the rise in the number of medical research papers has doubled the overall increase. When output is broken down by inter- and extra-regional collaboration, the growth rate proves to be slightly higher for the former than the latter. The “scientific dependence” of small or developing countries would explain their high collaboration rates and impact, since their output is essentially marginal and anecdotal. Hence the term “satellite countries.” Advanced countries account for most of the world’s output and citations. Assuming that impact (citations per paper) reflects the use made by researchers of previously generated knowledge, the evidence shows that the major producers use the knowledge generated by their own or neighbouring countries. This would explain why impact is so highly concentrated in the most productive regions. The need to incentivise intraregional relationships must be stressed, but without establishing boundaries, i.e., international initiatives should also be supported. The possible influence of geographic, idiomatic and cultural proximity is likewise identified. Lastly, the conclusions are discussed, along with proposals for future research., The present study was funded by the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) in the framework of the project entitled “Generation of scientometric tools for the analysis of scientific collaboration” (CISC intramural project 200810I210).

La ciencia chilena muestra buenos indicadores. El esfuerzo investigador, normalizado por número de habitantes, es el más alto de la región, el impacto normalizado de varias categorías temáticas se sitúa sobre la media del mundo, y una proporción relevante de trabajos que alcanzan la excelencia son generados por proyectos liderados en Chile. Es importante destacar que el país se encuentra realizado grandes esfuerzos en la formación de capital humano avanzado junto con diversificar los instrumentos de financiamiento de la ciencia. Aún así los recursos invertidos en investigación científica respecto del PIB del país y el número de científicos jornada completa sitúa a nuestro país en las últimas posiciones de los países integrantes de la OCDE. En un escenario de rápido crecimiento de la producción científica generada en el país, surge cierta preocupación respecto de la calidad de la misma. En particular, los paneles internacionales que verifican los avances de los proyectos asociativos han elogiado la alta productividad científica mostrada por el país, pero han recomendado avanzar a una nueva etapa, donde se aumente la proporción de artículos publicados en revistas de alto impacto dentro de cada disciplina, lo que como consecuencia debiera aumentar la visibilidad e impacto de la producción científica nacional. Conscientes que existen varias formas de evaluar la calidad de la producción científica, en particular en algunas áreas de las ciencias sociales y humanidades, en CONICYT decidimos solicitar un estudio bibliométrico a SCImago Research Group, reconocidos especialistas internacionales en la materia. De modo de asegurar la necesaria independencia entre fuente de datos (Scopus), responsable del análisis (SCImago) y grupos de interés. Este documento presenta el resultado de dicho estudio. Tiene un gran valor como fuente de información y constituye la línea base sobre la cual se pueden realizar futuras mediciones de la actividad científica nacional. Caracteriza además, el esfuerzo investigador que el país realiza a nivel de áreas y categorías temáticas, proporcionando un conjunto de datos e indicadores relevantes a la hora de diseñar políticas e instrumentos a nivel nacional e institucional. A juicio de los autores de este estudio, es evidente que debemos empezar a preocuparnos más por la calidad de la producción científica. El punto de partida ya está en sus manos., Comisión Nacional de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (CONICYT). Programa de Información Científica.

Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Zaida. Análisis del dominio científico español: 1995-2002 (ISI, Web of Science), Describe la producción científica española en su vertiente internacional recogida en las bases de datos del Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) para el período 1995-2002. El principal objetivo es la elaboración de una batería de indicadores para el análisis y seguimiento de la producción científica española. Con este fin, se han utilizado principalmente indicadores bibliométricos que se han complementado con otros datos económicos y sociales. El resultado final pretende mostrar una metodología a partir de la cual se puedan analizar tanto los resultados de la actividad científica en cada una de las dimensiones del análisis, como el sistema de relaciones en el que se desenvuelven. Por otro lado, el estudio se complementa con la aplicación de la metodología propuesta para caracterizar tanto la evolución como la situación actual y tendencias del desarrollo científico español. En esta línea, se trata de: cuantificar la producción españoola, caracterizarla a través de una serie de indicadores tanto simples como relacionales desde la perspectiva cuantitativa, cualitativa y relacional, y situarla dentro de un contexto más amplio, realizando algunas comparaciones con otros países de nuestro entorno y con la producción mundial. El análisis contempla distintos niveles de agregación geográficos y temáticos. El nivel geográfico examina la producción mundial, nacional y autonómica. A nivel temático se utilizan varias clasificaciones temáticas con el objetivo de hacerlas comparables en distintos dominios. En la interpretación de los resultados es conveniente tener en cuenta que el presente estudio se centra en la ciencia española homologada a nivel internacional. No se trata del análisis de todo lo que se genera en España, sino de lo que está homologado internacionalmente. Sin embargo, los documentos analizados son una muestra significativa ya que son aquellos que tienen mayor probabilidad de ser difundidos y reconocidos como la aportación de España a la ciencia mundial. Tesis Univ. Granada. Departamento de Biblioteconomía y Documentación., Beca Predoctoral de Personal Docente e Investigador. Junta de Andalucía

La Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología (FECYT), en el marco de sus funciones de fomento de las actividades de I+D+I, de desarrollo y difusión del ámbito científico y de coordinación e integración entre los diferentes agentes del sistema de ciencia y tecnología, ha creado el Observatorio Español de I+D+I ICONO. Dentro de las líneas de actuación de ICONO se incluye la elaboración de estudios e informes, así como el desarrollo de instrumentos de análisis y evaluación de la actividad científica española que permitan seguir su evolución a lo largo del tiempo. Asimismo, se establece un seguimiento continuo de las actuaciones financiadas y ejecutadas en materia de ciencia y tecnología que ayude a identificar las necesidades del sistema, con la finalidad última de perfeccionar la toma de decisiones en las políticas públicas de I+D+I que pone en marcha la Administración General del Estado. El análisis anual de los indicadores bibliométricos de la actividad científica española constituye uno de los informes más relevantes que el Observatorio ICONO de la FECYT viene publicando desde 2005. La presente edición incluye cambios destacados en relación a ediciones anteriores: •Un formato más corto, presentando los indicadores clave en los ámbitos más representativos, sustituyendo a la exhaustiva descripción de indicadores que se presentaba con anterioridad. •Comentarios de los gráficos en formato ejecutivo, acompañando cada gráfico con uno o más comentarios explicativos cortos y que resaltan los aspectos más relevantes. •Un análisis de tendencias y estimaciones a 2010 de algunos de los indicadores principales, incluyendo un capítulo de proyección de los principales indicadores bibliométricos de España. Desde la Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología confiamos en que el trabajo realizado para la elaboración de este nuevo documento contribuya a mejorar el conocimiento sobre el Sistema Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología y arroje luz sobre los aspectos más relevantes de la producción de nuestros investigadores en términos de publicaciones y generación de conocimiento especializado. De este modo, el Observatorio ICONO contribuirá de forma exitosa a mejorar los procesos de toma de decisión en el ámbito de la investigación científica, el desarrollo y la innovación tecnológica, áreas de actuación que se imponen cada vez con mayor fuerza como los nuevos motores que han de impulsar el sistema productivo de nuestro país., Fundación Española para la Ciencia y la Tecnología. Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad

Arencibia-Jorge, R., Araujo-Ruíz, J.A., Hung Llamos, B.R., Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Z., Alemán-Zeledón, F., Hernández-Cañadas, P., Hoz de Villa Barbery, R., Sheehan, T., Díaz-Mayans, C., Belcher, M., & Moya-Anegón, F. (2011) Bibliometric study of Latin American countries supported by INASP 1996–2008. Oxford: International Network for the Availability of Scientific Publications, 81p. Disponible en: http://www.inasp.info/bibliometrics, This report presents the findings of a collaborative study conducted by the Cuban Ministry of Higher Education, the National Center for Scientific Research and INASP. It consists of a bibliometric analysis of the scientific production of five Latin American countries (Cuba, Ecuador, Bolivia, Nicaragua and Honduras) during the period 1996–2008. The report examines changes in the scientific research output of these countries, and compares them to patterns in a control group of eight countries whose development is at a comparable level to that of the studied countries. This allows findings to be considered in the context not only of regional but also international trends, particularly, so that strengths and weakness can be identified to support future decision-making processes., International Network for the Availability of Scientific Publications (INASP)

Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Z., Moya-Anegón, F., Vargas-Quesada, B., Corera-Álvarez, E., Hassan-Montero, Y. (2008). Inter-institutional scientific collaboration: an approach from social network analysis. Prime Europe-Latin American Conference on Science and Innovation Policy 2008. Mexico City, 24-26 September, The main objective is to characterize the production of knowledge of the different productive sectors in the field of Agricultural studies. A second objective is to project inter-institutional networks of collaboration through visualization techniques. Thirdly, we intend to analyze this network, looking more carefully at aspects such as the degree of interaction between/among agents, the appearance or disappearance of actors, or potential effects on the increase of the internationalization of scientific output. We also try to elaborate an interpretation protocol for collaboration networks in R&D that could be applied to any field of knowledge or upper level of aggregation (i.e. countries or regions). Finally, in order to equip this graphic representation with other functionalities, we lend it an added value by allowing diverse levels of analysis and its service as an interface for domain analysis and information retrieval., Acción Complementaria al proyecto “Atlas de la Ciencia Española” del Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2004-2007, subvencionada por el Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia. 2005

Moya-Anegón, F., Chinchilla-Rodríguez, Z., Vargas-Quesada, B., Corera-Álvarez, E., González-Molina, A., Muñoz-Fernández, F.J., Guerrero-Bote, V.P., Gómez-Crisóstomo, R. (2007) Scientific Output by Gender in Spain (Web of Science, 2004) 11 International Conference of the International Society for Scientometrics and Informetrics. Madrid, Spain, 25-27 June, The objective of this study was to obtain bibliometric indicators by gender applied exclusively to scientific publications registered in the Thompson Scientific databases. Aspects related with the volume of production, visibility, patterns of collaboration and networks of coauthorship will be analyzed below. The data are presented broken down by scientific field., Beca Predoctoral de Personal Docente e Investigador. Junta de Andalucía