1. In vitro comparison of the cytotoxic effects of clinically available ophthalmic solutions of fluoroquinolones on human keratocytes.
- Author
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Mencucci R, Paladini I, Pellegrini-Giampietro DE, Menchini U, and Scartabelli T
- Subjects
- Aza Compounds toxicity, Cells, Cultured, Corneal Keratocytes enzymology, Corneal Keratocytes pathology, Culture Media, Gatifloxacin, Humans, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase metabolism, Microscopy, Phase-Contrast, Moxifloxacin, Norfloxacin toxicity, Ofloxacin toxicity, Ophthalmic Solutions toxicity, Quinolines toxicity, Anti-Bacterial Agents toxicity, Benzalkonium Compounds toxicity, Corneal Keratocytes drug effects, Fluoroquinolones toxicity, Preservatives, Pharmaceutical toxicity
- Abstract
Objective: To compare the cytotoxic effects of preserved versus unpreserved commercially available ophthalmic preparations of fluoroquinolones on human keratocytes in vitro., Design: Experimental study., Methods: Human keratocytes in vitro were incubated for 15 or 60 minutes with commercially available preparations containing different types of fluoroquinolones, with or without benzalkonium chloride. We examined the morphologic aspects of the cultures by an inverted-phase contrast microscope and the release of cytoplasmic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase into the medium immediately or 24 hours after exposure to drugs., Results: Whereas preparations of ofloxacin, norfloxacin, and gatifloxacin, all containing benzalkonium chloride, and moxifloxacin, which is preservative-free, displayed various degrees of cytotoxicity in our model, the unpreserved monodose preparation of norfloxacin was virtually devoid of harmful effects under our experimental conditions., Conclusions: Our in vitro results indicated the cytotoxic role of preservatives in commercial preparations of fluoroquinolones and the relative nontoxicity of monodose unpreserved norfloxacin, even when keratocytes were incubated with this formulation for 6 hours., (Copyright © 2011 Canadian Ophthalmological Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
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