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In this article, the authors analyzed literature sources, describing the best tactics of transfusion therapy and domestic regulations. The results of randomized clinical trials of the last decade, testifying the advantages of restrictive tactics of transfusion therapy, have influenced a more rigorous record of indications for transfusions of blood components. The trend in the world of modern transfusiology is restrictive tactics of prescribing blood components - only by indication, only in a situation where the clinical prognosis worsens without transfusion. Blood saving technologies can effectively control and correct hemostasis, reduce the transfusion load and associated risks, and provide an increase in the amount of high-tech care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]