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The interfacial modification of basalt-fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) composites is an essential research field and many techniques have been developed to improve the adhesion between basalt fiber (BF) and the matrix. However, most studies were based on the matrixes of general plastics and epoxy resins. In this work, five different chain structures of thermoplastic sizing agents were used to improve the interfacial properties of unidirectional BF-reinforced soluble and high-temperature-resistant poly(phthalazinone ether nitrile ketone) (BF/PPENK) composites. DMA results showed that the poly(ether nitrile) (PEN)-sized BF/PPENK (BF-PEN/PPENK) composite exhibited the optimal interfacial performance, with a storage modulus (E′) and glass transition temperature (Tg) up to 50 GPa and 288 °C, respectively. Moreover, the tensile strength, compressive strength, flexural strength, and interlaminar shear strength of the BF-PEN/PPENK composite reached 778 MPa, 600 MPa, 1115 MPa and 57 MPa, respectively, and increased by 42%, 49%, 20% and 30% compared with the desized BF/PPENK composite. This study provides some suggestions for the design of sizing agents to modify the interface of BF and high-performance thermoplastic resin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Improving the wettability of PPENK for BF by synergistic action. • Enhancing the interfacial properties by organic/inorganic hybrid strategy. • Constructing modulus transitional interface by combining rigid & soft phases. • Introducing an idea of "micro-composite" for the tensile behavior of modified BFs. Basalt fiber reinforced high-performance thermoplastic (BFRHTP) composites are promising materials for application in military, aerospace, chemical, automobile, and other high-tech industries. However, their mechanical properties are still largely limited by poor interfacial properties because of the smooth, inert, and low-energy surface of BF. In this study, an organic/inorganic hybrid sizing agent was used for BF surface modification to construct an appropriate modulus transition layer for the interface with a combination of soft and rigid phases. Organic poly(ether nitrile) (PEN) and inorganic carboxylic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT-COOH) in hybrid sizing agents (PEN/CNT) were respectively used as soft and rigid phases to design the interfacial structure. The tensile strength, flexural strength, interlaminar and interfacial shear strength of the basalt fiber reinforced poly(phthalazinone ether nitrile ketone) composites were increased by 60, 33, 62, and 144%, respectively. This approach provides a simple, green, and promising strategy for enhancing the interfacial properties of BFRHTP composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a biomimetic root-soil-like interfacial phase structure was constructed to improve the weak interfacial bonding of the fibers and resin based on the mechanical interlocking theory. Unidirectional basalt fiber (BF) reinforced high-temperature resistant thermoplastic poly (phthalazinone ether nitrile ketone) (PPENK, T g = 278 °C) composites with multiscale structures were prepared. By utilizing a whiskerization technique, the zinc oxide nanoarrays (ZnO-NAs) with controllable morphologies grown on the BF surface through a pyrolysis-hydrothermal method. The remarkable field emission properties of the ZnO-NAs allow for visually characterizing the interfacial phase structures. The flexural, interlaminar shear, and interfacial shear strengths of BF-ZnO-PEI-2/PPENK composite were increased by 43 %, 65 %, and 177 %, respectively. Further investigations revealed that the flexural strength retention was 61 % at 250 °C, respectively. This study introduces a novel and viable approach to enhance the interfacial properties of BF-reinforced high-performance thermoplastic composites and expands their applications within high-temperature environments. [Display omitted] • Constructing a biomimetic root-soil-like interfacial structure in BF/PPENK. • Building a strong mechanical interlocking structure by the ZnO-NAs and resin. • Enhancing the interfacial properties by the ZnO-whiskerization technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basalt fiber (BF) reinforced heat-resistant thermoplastic engineering plastic composites exhibit excellent toughness, strength, corrosion resistance, and high- and low-temperature resistance. However, the BF and resin exhibit poor interfacial compatibility resulting in low interfacial strength. Here, mono-, di- and tri-amino silane coupling agents (3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, SATMS; N -(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, DATMS and (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-diethylenetriamine, TATMS) were used to treat BF, and composites were then prepared using the modified BF and high-performance thermoplastic poly(phthalazinone ether nitrile ketone) (PPENK). The chemical structures, surface morphologies, roughness and hydrophilicity of the modified BF surface were characterized. In addition, the flexural strength, tensile strength and interlaminar shear strength of BF-DATMS/PPENK composite increased to 1127 MPa, 633 MPa and 55 MPa, which are 18%, 30% and 25% higher than the desized-BF/PPENK, respectively. And the BF-DATMS/PPENK composite exhibited a glass transition temperature (T g) of 293 °C higher than those of PPENK (280 °C) and desized-BF/PPENK (285 °C). Results indicated that the interfacial adhesion between BF and PPENK were improved by the amino-silane modified BF, which in turn enhanced the mechanical properties of the corresponding BF/PPENK composites. [Display omitted] • Mono-, di-, and tri-aminosilane coupling agents (ASCAs) were used to modify BF. • ASCAs possess excellent potential for enhancing interfacial adhesion of BF/PPENK. • The BF/PPENK composites exhibit great mechanical and thermo-resistant properties. • Di-aminosilne is the best one to increase combination properties of BF/PPENK. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]