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The article presents information about a research conducted for determining the surgically induced weight loss effectiveness than with conventional weight loss therapy in the management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The research employed a randomized controlled clinical trial of 60 obese patients with body mass index of greater than 35 and less than 55 with recently diagnosed OSA and an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). These patients were prescribed continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy for managing OSA and were identified through accredited community sleep clinics. The trial has been conducted by university and teaching hospital-based clinical researchers in Melbourne, Victoria.

This article reports on a clinical trial to determine if gastric banding surgery could be effective therapy for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Obesity and type 2 diabetes are both on the rise in the U.S. and other developed countries. The conditions are linked and weight control may be the most important factor in reducing the incidence of diabetes. This study wanted to see if surgically induced weight loss offered better blood sugar control and less need for medications than the more traditional approaches of diet and exercise. The study found that patients given the surgical option were more likely to achieve remission of their diabetes. The authors caution that a larger study needs to confirm their findings.

Background: Type-2 diabetes is strongly driven by obesity. Observational studies suggest that weight loss through bariatric surgery is more effective than conventional therapy for the management of type-2 diabetes, but no randomized controlled trial has been performed. Methods: We conducted a 2-year randomized controlled trial involving 60 obese (BMI > 30 and < 40 kg/m2) subjects with recently diagnosed (<2years) typo-2 diabetes. Subjects drawn from the general community were randomly allocated to either a program of conventional diabetes therapy with an intensive lifestyle change to induce weight loss or had substantial weight loss induced by the placement of a laparoscopic adjustable gastric band (LAGB; LAP-BAND®, Allergan Health) in addition to conventional care. The intensity of programs was similar. Key outcome measures were diabetes remission (fasting plasma glucose <7mmol/l, plus HbA1c <6.2% while taking no hypoglycaemic drug therapy or insulin), HbA1c levels, indirect measures of insulin resistance, and presence of metabolic syndrome. Results: At 2 years, the LAGB group and conventional groups had lost mean (SD) of 20.7 (8.6) % and 1.7 (5.2) % of weight respectively (P <0.001). Remission of diabetes was achieved by 22 of 29 (76%) the LAGB, and 4 of 26 (15%) of the conventional 2-year completers (p<0.001). Weight loss was the major driver of remission (R2 =0.46, p<0.001), with a 13% weight loss cutoff providing an 85% sensitivity and 86% specificity for remission. HbA1c levels fell 22.5 (11.6) % in the LAGB and 5.4 (15.2) % in the conventionally treated groups. The surgical group also had greater improvements in fasting plasma glucose, insulin, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol. The metabolic syndrome was present in 29 of 30 in each group initially and in 8 of 29 LAGB and 22 of 26 conventional groups at 2 years. There were no serious complications in either treatment group. Conclusions: There is a direct relationship between weight loss and remission of type 2 diabetes in obese subjects. Substantial weight loss induced by LAGB is associated with a significantly better outcome than conventional therapy. LAGB placement should be considered when planning a treatment program for obese subjects diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]