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【Objective】 Soil microflora is an important indicator for characterizing the soil health. The objective of this study is to clarify the effects of different planting patterns on the structure and diversity of soil microbial communities i.e soil health in tropical areas, so as to provide theoretical basis and data support for optimizing the intercropping mode of Areca catechu L. and Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. 【Method】 Three planting modes: A. catechu L. Mono-cropping （DB）, Areca catechu L. intercropping P.amaryllifolius Roxb.（JZ） and P.amarylli folius Roxb. mono-cropping （DX） were set up under a field experiment to analysis the changes of microbial communities under different planting modes in this study. The relationships between the soil physical, nutrient content and other indicators and chemical characteristics and microbial communities were analyzed to explore the main factors driving the succession of soil microbial community in intercropping model. 【Result】 Intercropping mode did not affect fungal community, but significantly changed the structure and diversity of soil bacterial community. Intercropping mode significantly increased the richness and diversityindex of soil bacteria. The dominant phyla of bacterial in the soil samples among all treatments were Proteobacteria, Acid bacteria, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes with abundances of 22.59%, 19.60%, 16.66% and 16.11%, respectively. Compared with A. catechu L. mono-cropping, intercropping mode significantly increased the abundance of Acid bacteria and decreased the abundance of Firmicutes by 75.09% and 75.42%, respectively. The correlation analysis and RDA analysis indicated that the richness and diversity index of soil bacteria were mainly affected by the contents of soil available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and pH. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients showed that the soil bacterial diversity was mainly affected by the soil nutrient content. 【Conclusion】 The richness and diversity index of soil bacterial community was inhibited by intercropping significantly by reducing soil available phosphorus, available potassium and available nitrogen content, and increasing soil p H. The soil nutrient content was decreased by intercropping, which significantly increased the species abundance of Acid bacteria, and decreased the species abundance of the Firmicutes. The intercropping mode could significantly improve the soil microflora of A. catechu L. mono-cropping. Intercropping will conducive to maintain soil health and sustainable development of related industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]