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The present study is aimed to isolate and identify polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) degrading bacteria from brackish water and to assess the biodegradation efficiency against low and high molecular weight PAHs. Among 15 isolates, the isolate designated as RM effectively degraded 100 mg/L of phenanthrene (Phe) (67.0%), pyrene (Pyr) (63.0%), naphthalene (NaP) (60.0%), and benzo [a]pyrene (BaP) (58.0%) after 7 days of incubation. Carbon sources, pH, and salinity of the culture medium were optimized to enhance the growth and PAHs biodegradation of the isolate RM. Sucrose was found to be an excellent carbon source to enhance PAHs biodegradation (Phe, 75.0; Pyr, 68.5; NaP, 62.5; and BaP, 59.5%). Furthermore, the isolate showed enhanced degradation at pH 7.0 and 4% salinity. The isolate RM was identified as Halomonas sp. based on partial 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. The results indicated that the isolate RM (i.e., Halomonas sp.) has the potential to be used in remediation of oil spills in the marine ecosystem., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they don’t have any conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Eggs are low-cost source of protein for balanced human diet due to the high contents of essential nutrients. On eggshells, various microbial groups exist that may affect egg quality, embryonic development, and human health, posing potential health, food safety, and economic concerns. The use of essential oils to decontaminate eggshells could be a effective strategy for eliminating pathogenic microbes. Thus, the current study was designed to investigate the efficacy of oregano and cumin essential oils in controlling microbial activity on eggshell and assessing their effects on fertile egg hatchability, embryonic growth, and chick development after hatching. Methods: Hatching eggs were divided into four groups; control groups, fumigation, treatment with Oregano oils 0.5% and treatment with Cumin oils 0.5%. The bacterial contaminants of eggshell were enumerated for each experimented groups. The effects of the hatching egg disinfection on growth parameters including fertile egg weight, egg weight loss percentage, macroscopic fertility and hatchability percentages were estimated. Results: Total bacterial counts were significantly reduced in all treated experiments compared with those of the control ones. Microcephaly and exencephaly were clearly observed in the embryos treated with formalin fumigation. All embryos treated with oils exhibited no observed malformation on brain and spinal cord. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antibiotic resistance is a major risk to human health worldwide due to antibiotic- and multidrugresistant bacteria, especially in the case of serious infections, which limits the availability of antimicrobial treatment options. Focusing on the bacterial resistance mechanisms against antibiotics and the conventional strategies used to combat antimicrobial resistance, this review highlights the history of antibiotics and their target mechanisms, mentions the strategy limitations, provides the most recent novel alternative therapies to combat resistance, and illustrates their mode of action and applications that may treat several infectious diseases caused by bacterial resistance. Finally, this paper mentions future prospects that we believe would make a considerable difference in the microbial resistance battle. Novel antibiotic alternative therapies, including nanomaterial therapy, antimicrobial photodynamic therapy, hybrid antimicrobial therapy, and phage therapy, are covered in this review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]