1. Myeloid cells are required for PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint activation and the establishment of an immunosuppressive environment in pancreatic cancer.
- Author
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Zhang Y, Velez-Delgado A, Mathew E, Li D, Mendez FM, Flannagan K, Rhim AD, Simeone DM, Beatty GL, and Pasca di Magliano M
- Subjects
- Animals, CD11b Antigen analysis, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal genetics, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal metabolism, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal pathology, Cell Cycle Checkpoints, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic immunology, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic metabolism, ErbB Receptors metabolism, Humans, Immune Tolerance, Immunity, Cellular, Lymphocyte Activation, Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Mice, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases metabolism, Myeloid Cells chemistry, Pancreatic Neoplasms genetics, Pancreatic Neoplasms metabolism, Pancreatic Neoplasms pathology, Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) genetics, Tumor Escape, B7-H1 Antigen metabolism, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes immunology, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal immunology, Myeloid Cells immunology, Pancreatic Neoplasms immunology, Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor metabolism, Tumor Microenvironment immunology
- Abstract
Background: Pancreatic cancer is characterised by the accumulation of a fibro-inflammatory stroma. Within this stromal reaction, myeloid cells are a predominant population. Distinct myeloid subsets have been correlated with tumour promotion and unmasking of anti-tumour immunity., Objective: The goal of this study was to determine the effect of myeloid cell depletion on the onset and progression of pancreatic cancer and to understand the relationship between myeloid cells and T cell-mediated immunity within the pancreatic cancer microenvironment., Methods: Primary mouse pancreatic cancer cells were transplanted into CD11b-diphtheria toxin receptor (DTR) mice. Alternatively, the iKras* mouse model of pancreatic cancer was crossed into CD11b-DTR mice. CD11b
+ cells (mostly myeloid cell population) were depleted by diphtheria toxin treatment during tumour initiation or in established tumours., Results: Depletion of myeloid cells prevented KrasG12D -driven pancreatic cancer initiation. In pre-established tumours, myeloid cell depletion arrested tumour growth and in some cases, induced tumour regressions that were dependent on CD8+ T cells. We found that myeloid cells inhibited CD8+ T-cell anti-tumour activity by inducing the expression of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) in tumour cells in an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)-dependent manner., Conclusion: Our results show that myeloid cells support immune evasion in pancreatic cancer through EGFR/MAPK-dependent regulation of PD-L1 expression on tumour cells. Derailing this crosstalk between myeloid cells and tumour cells is sufficient to restore anti-tumour immunity mediated by CD8+ T cells, a finding with implications for the design of immune therapies for pancreatic cancer., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: None declared., (Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.)- Published
- 2017
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