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Antony Flew is considered one of the most influential philosophers of religion in modern times. While many scholars have discussed and debated the merits of his critiques of Christianity and Organized Religion, few if any, have discussed the merits of his critique of Islam. This paper attempts to give a critical appraisal of Flew's conception of the philosophical foundations of Islam. The paper contrasts Flew's understanding of Islam with those of renowned Islamic philosophers such as Ibn Sina, Al-Ghazali, and Ibn Taymīya. Flew casts a sceptical shadow on God's existence, on the Prophethood of Muhammad, on the miraculous nature of the Quran, on the Islamic conception of omnibenevolence, and on the eternity of Hell. This paper will respond to his scepticism by utilising the philosophical arguments that are prominent within the Islamic Philosophical Tradition. It is hoped this paper can show that Islamic philosophy can provide sophisticated replies to contemporary philosophical contentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the crucial concepts in the philosophies of minds including sensation, recollection, and intellection in the works of philosophers Ibn Sînâ and Rene Descartes. It states that both believed in the incorporeality of the soul or mind of human being. Details on the concepts of Sînâ and Descartes on the faculty of imagination and its distinction with the power of intellect are also presented. It also shows the importance and the richness of the Islamic philosophy, and its contribution to the central issues in the western philosophy. The critical analysis of the two philosophers are also discussed.

Abstract  There are some texts about moral sentences in the Islamic logical literature especially in the logical books of Ibn Sina that have been interpreted in completely opposite ways. Relying on these texts, some scholars take Ibn Sina to be proposing a non-cognitive theory of ethics and to the contrary some scholars hold that he is a proponent of a sort of moral intuitionism. Reflecting on the alleged textual evidence in Ibn Sina’s books, I propose a middle way in the interpretation that accepts the cognitive status of the moral sentences but at the same time rejects intuitionism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines varying interpretations of the proof of God given by the Shaykh al-Ra'is particularly Abu Ali Ibn Sina's ontological argument for the existence of God. Significance for Islamic intellectual theory; Transition of the pure idea of God to the affirmation of His existence; Dichotomy of existence in ontological reasoning; Role of the necessity of existence in cosmological reasoning; Concept of the Necessary Existent.