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As an advanced driver assistance system, automatic emergency braking (AEB) can effectively reduce accidents by using high-precision and high-coverage sensors. In particular, it has a significant advantage in reducing front-end collisions and rear-end accidents. Unfortunately, avoiding side collisions is a challenging problem for AEB. To tackle these challenges, we propose active seat belt pretensioning on driver injury in vehicles equipped with AEB in unavoidable side crashes. Firstly, records of impact cases from China's National Automobile Accident In-Depth Investigation System were used to investigate a scenario in which a vehicle is impacted by an oncoming car after the vehicle's AEB system is triggered. The scenario was created using PreScan software. Then, the simulated vehicles in the side impact were devised using a finite element model of the Toyota Yaris and a moving barrier. These were constructed in HyperMesh software along with models of the driver's side seatbelt, side airbag, and side curtain airbag. Moreover, the models were verified, and driver out-of-position instances and injuries were evaluated in simulations with different AEB intensities up to 0.7 g for three typical side impact angles. Last but not least, the optimal combination of seatbelt pretensioning and the timing thereof for minimizing driver injury at each side impact angle was identified using orthogonal tests; immediate (at 0 ms) pretensioning at 80 N was applied. Our experiments show that our active seatbelt with the above parameters reduced the weighted injury criterion by 5.94%, 22.05%, and 20.37% at impact angles of 90°, 105°, and 120°, respectively, compared to that of a conventional seatbelt. The results of the experiment can be used as a reference to appropriately set the collision parameters of active seat belts for vehicles with AEB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The CCP's political direction and politics in China will also further impact, in direct and indirect ways, research on Africa and China relations, as China seeks to develop its role as a funder of research on Africa and by Africans. Beyond inter-state and political party relations, the results of Afrobarometer's national surveys in 34 African countries in 2019/2021 found that China is second to the USA as "the preferred development model for Africans" and that 'Positive views of China's influence do not appear to affect Africans' attitudes toward democracy'. One way FOCAC presents a misleading impression of a continental-like country and a continent meeting in inter-state terms, notwithstanding the different parts of the Chinese state actively involved, is by formally downplaying an otherwise very much present reality, namely the centrality of the CCP in China's African ties. It saw the Chinese government, 53 African countries and the African Union (AU) Commission meet under the theme 'Deepen China-Africa Partnership and Promote Sustainable Development to Build a China-Africa Community with a Shared Future in the New Era'. [Extracted from the article]