697 results
Search Results
2. Conservation Section. Management and Technology Division. Papers.
- Author
-
International Federation of Library Associations, The Hague (Netherlands).
- Abstract
Papers on book and document conservation and restoration, which were presented at the 1983 International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA) conference, include: (1) "The Problems of Conservation of Valuable Library Possessions," in which Karl Jackel (West Germany) discusses problems in obtaining restoration materials, storage facilities, craft techniques, and guidelines for preservation and restoration of various types of library materials; (2) "Mass Deacidification of Paper," in which Peter G. Sparks (United States) describes the causes of and known solutions for brittle paper, including the manufacture of alkaline paper and the mass deacidification process as used in the Library of Congress and other United States archives/libraries; (3) "On the Possibilities for Mechanisation in the Restoring Profession," a description by Wolfgang Wachter (East Germany) of the development of mechanized work processes in the restoration workshop of the German Library in Leipzig, including wet treatment of paper and stabilization of wood-pulp paper by the splitting method; (4) "The Treatment of Paper for the Conservation of Rare and Precious Books," in which Anthony G. Cains (Ireland) describes the cleaning, buffering, and strengthening of paper by immersing it in or floating it on a processing solution as well as brush application of methyl magnesium carbonate, use of a spray gun, fixing, and book repair. (ESR)
- Published
- 1983
3. Issues in Evaluation. Symposium 11. [AHRD Conference, 2001].
- Abstract
This document contains three papers on issues in evaluation. "Evaluation of the Method of Modeling: A Case Study of the Finnish Steel Industry" (Ville Nurmi) describes the method of modeling as an educational strategy to support both specific goal-directed transformative learning focused on work process and learning in workplaces, and it evaluates the effectiveness of modeling as an educational strategy in an industrial setting. "Performance-Level Evaluation Methods Used in Management Development Studies from 1986-2000" (Doris B. Collins) reports on a study in which Burke and Day's 1986 meta-analysis of the effectiveness of managerial training and the Results Assessment System lens are used to analyze 18 management development studies from 1986-2000 that had performance-level outcomes. "Redefining Performance: Productivity and Return on Investment in Physical Therapy" (Scott S. Harp) is a theoretical paper designed to begin the conceptual analysis of the feasibility of developing and using a tool measuring return on investment (ROI) to measure ROI in training in the service-oriented field of physical therapy. Two papers include substantial bibliographies. (MN)
- Published
- 2001
4. Problem-Solving Skills of the U.S. Workforce and Preparedness for Job Automation
- Author
-
Cummins, Phyllis A., Yamashita, Takashi, Millar, Roberto J., and Sahoo, Shalini
- Abstract
Automation and advanced technologies have increased the need for a better understanding of the skills necessary to have a globally competitive workforce. This study used data from the Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies to compare problem solving skills in technology rich environments among adults in South Korea, Germany, Singapore, Japan, Canada, Estonia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Australia. Overall, the United States had the lowest scores among all countries, and in all countries scores declined with age. The United States had higher proportions of survey participants in the lowest skill category and lower proportions in the top skill categories. The results of this study suggest changes in the United States educational and lifelong learning systems and policies may be necessary to ensure all adults have the necessary skills in a competitive workforce. [The paper will be published in "Adult Learning".]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Proceedings of the International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS) International Conference on Cognition and Exploratory Learning in Digital Age (CELDA) (Madrid, Spain, October 19-21, 2012)
- Author
-
International Association for Development of the Information Society (IADIS)
- Abstract
The IADIS CELDA 2012 Conference intention was to address the main issues concerned with evolving learning processes and supporting pedagogies and applications in the digital age. There had been advances in both cognitive psychology and computing that have affected the educational arena. The convergence of these two disciplines is increasing at a fast pace and affecting academia and professional practice in many ways. Paradigms such as just-in-time learning, constructivism, student-centered learning and collaborative approaches have emerged and are being supported by technological advancements such as simulations, virtual reality and multi-agents systems. These developments have created both opportunities and areas of serious concerns. This conference aimed to cover both technological as well as pedagogical issues related to these developments. The IADIS CELDA 2012 Conference received 98 submissions from more than 24 countries. Out of the papers submitted, 29 were accepted as full papers. In addition to the presentation of full papers, short papers and reflection papers, the conference also includes a keynote presentation from internationally distinguished researchers. Individual papers contain figures, tables, and references.
- Published
- 2012
6. Automation in Colombia: Assessing Skills Needed for the Future of Work
- Author
-
Jones, Michael, Idrovo-Carlier, Sandra, and Rodriguez, Alfredo J.
- Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to identify workforce skills that protect an occupation from elimination due to automation technology. Design/methodology/approach: The authors apply a Gaussian process (GP) classifier, based on the level of non-automatable work activities in an occupation, to USA and Colombian occupational datasets. Findings: The authors find that communication, interpersonal relationship management and decision-making skills are most important in occupations that are resistant to automation. Research limitations/implications: The results are based on work activities data from the Occupational Information Network (O*NET) database developed for the USA labor market. This dataset does not capture significant differences in work activities, where they exist, for the same occupation between the two countries. The findings are also limited to Colombia. Readers should be careful to extrapolate the findings outside of this geography. Originality/value: The authors discover that automation is likely to be a global phenomenon that can only be slightly mitigated by cultural and political factors.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Skills, Skill Formation, Productivity and Competitiveness: A Cross-National Comparison of Banks and Insurance Carriers in Five Advanced Economies.
- Author
-
Columbia Univ., New York, NY. Inst. on Education and the Economy. and Noyelle, Thierry
- Abstract
This paper summarizes a comparative study of the impact of market and technological changes on human resources in banks and insurance companies in five countries: France, Germany, Japan, Sweden, and the United States. The research was organized around case studies of changes in 12 firms--9 banks and 3 insurance carriers. The paper discusses the findings by focusing on what they might tell about: (1) the changing nature of employer-based training; (2) the distributional implications of the emergence of core-periphery employment structures within firms for those who may benefit or fail to benefit from employer-based training; and (3) the alleged lack of competitiveness of U.S. firms in world markets. Following the introduction, the paper is divided into four major sections. The first section describes the origins and nature of recent market changes as well as the connection between those changes and technological changes. In the second section, the effect of change on the kind of human resources needed by firms is described, emphasizing the emergence of a new matrix of needed skills. The third section reviews how firms are adjusting to these new needs both by altering the training of their own workers and by reshaping their relationship to the external labor market. The fourth section concludes with a review of current policies and trends that provide lessons for the United States. (KC)
- Published
- 1989
8. How automation and skill gaps fail to explain wage suppression or wage inequality.
- Author
-
Mishel, Lawrence
- Subjects
INCOME inequality ,WAGE differentials ,WAGE increases ,WAGES ,AUTOMATION ,WHITE collar workers - Abstract
Wage gaps between "skilled" and "unskilled" earners in the United States are conventionally attributed to U.S. workers' "skill deficits," or lack of skills necessary to deal with technological change, particularly automation. This paper argues instead that skills deficit/automation claims have always been a weak explanation for post-1979 trends. Since the mid-1990s all indications are that there is no basis for considering automation to be a significant factor in wage suppression or the growth of wage inequality. Rather, inequality growth has been an outgrowth of developments in the labor market rather than product markets. The key dynamic undercutting the typical worker's wage growth has been the strengthening of employers' power relative to their white-collar and blue-collar workers. The cause has not been monopoly firms exercising their power in product markets by charging higher prices to consumers. Monopolization has indeed contributed to wage suppression, but even this factor has largely run through the labor market, as monopoly firms squeezed supplier chain firms which in turn undercut their own workers' wages while seeing a profit squeeze as well. The paper concludes that what is needed is a better balancing of power in the labor market rather than a perfecting of competition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Safety in higher level automated vehicles: Investigating edge cases in crashes of vehicles equipped with automated driving systems.
- Author
-
Moradloo N, Mahdinia I, and Khattak AJ
- Subjects
- Humans, United States, Unsupervised Machine Learning, Wounds and Injuries epidemiology, Cluster Analysis, Accidents, Traffic statistics & numerical data, Accidents, Traffic prevention & control, Automobile Driving statistics & numerical data, Automation, Safety, Automobiles statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
With emerging Automated Driving Systems (ADS) representing Automated Vehicles (AVs) of Level 3 or higher as classified by the Society of Automotive Engineers, several AV manufacturers are testing their vehicles on public roadways in the U.S. The safety performance of AVs has become a major concern for the transportation industry. Several ADS-equipped vehicle crashes have been reported to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in recent years. Scrutinizing these crashes can reveal rare or complex scenarios beyond the normal capabilities of AV technologies called "edge cases." Investigating edge-case crashes helps AV companies prepare vehicles to handle these unusual scenarios and, as such, improves traffic safety. Through analyzing the NHTSA data from July 2021 to February 2023, this study utilizes an unsupervised machine learning technique, hierarchical clustering, to identify edge cases in ADS-equipped vehicle crashes. Fifteen out of 189 observations are identified as edge cases, representing 8 % of the population. Injuries occurred in 10 % of all crashes (19 out of 189), but the proportion rose to 27 % for edge cases (4 out of 15 edge cases). Based on the results, edge cases could be initiated by AVs, humans, infrastructure/environment, or their combination. Humans can be identified as one of the contributors to the onset of edge-case crashes in 60 % of the edge cases (9 out of 15 edge cases). The main scenarios for edge cases include unlawful behaviors of crash partners, absence of a safety driver within the AV, precrash disengagement, and complex events challenging for ADS, e.g., unexpected obstacles, unclear road markings, and sudden and unexpected changes in traffic flow, such as abrupt road congestion or sudden stopped traffic from a crash. Identifying and investigating edge cases is crucial for improving transportation safety and building public trust in AVs., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Getting out of the paper blizzard.
- Subjects
SECURITIES trading ,AUTOMATION ,SECURITIES trading volume - Abstract
The article focuses on the potential application of massive automation programs to address the increasing volume of paperwork in the U.S. securities industry. It highlights the effort of the governors of the New York and American Stock Exchanges to look for ways to break the paperwork glut. The establishment of nationwide stock quotation and trading systems by the National Security Traders Association and the National Association of Securities Dealers (NASD) is mentioned.
- Published
- 1968
11. Discussion.
- Author
-
Madhavan, Ananth
- Subjects
STOCK exchanges ,FLOOR traders (Finance) ,AUTOMATION ,SECURITIES trading - Abstract
The article presents commentary from Ananth Madhavan about a paper written by Kumar Venkataraman entitled "Automated Versus Floor Trading: An Analysis of Execution Costs on the Paris and New York Exchanges," which appeared in the August, 2001 issue of the "Journal of Finance." In that paper Venkataraman concluded that automated stock exchanges could not yet match the benefits afforded by floor traders on traditional exchanges. The author of the current paper raises questions about some of Venkataraman's interpretations.
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Cogen plant integrates advanced automation with legacy DCS.
- Author
-
Hoyum, Roger, Lantz, Bill, and Bonham, Mac
- Subjects
- *
COGENERATION of electric power & heat , *PAPER mills , *AUTOMATION - Abstract
Examines a cogeneration plant at a paper mill in Grand Rapids, Minnesota. Background on the mill's powerhouse building expansion; Features and functions of the digital automation system of the plant; Details of the configuration of boiler systems at the plant.
- Published
- 2002
13. Captiva Software Gives Chase to the 'Paper Chase.'
- Author
-
Graves, Brad
- Subjects
PRESCRIPTION writing ,MEDICAL prescriptions ,OPTICAL tooling ,AUTOMATION ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations - Abstract
Reports automation efforts in Prescription Solutions in San Diego, California. Utilization of an optical and electronic technology replacing paper works; Development of the technology by Captiva Software Inc.; Ability of the software to grab data from images of written materials.
- Published
- 2001
14. Imaging & workflow: Managing paper electronically.
- Author
-
Binda, Lawrence
- Subjects
AIR bases ,MILITARY requisitions ,AUTOMATION - Abstract
Explores the benefits of the Purchasing Acquisition Workflow System at Edwards Air Force Base, California in the management of their paper work. Efficiency in processing of documents located in in-baskets; Plans to install workflow system for bulk orders; Combination of workflow and imaging applications.
- Published
- 1996
15. Leveraging natural language processing to support automated assessment and feedback for student open responses in mathematics.
- Author
-
Botelho, Anthony, Baral, Sami, Erickson, John A., Benachamardi, Priyanka, and Heffernan, Neil T.
- Subjects
STATISTICS ,NATURAL language processing ,MATHEMATICAL models ,MACHINE learning ,RATING of students ,MATHEMATICS ,COMPARATIVE studies ,THEORY ,AUTOMATION ,RESEARCH funding ,LATENT semantic analysis ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,EMPIRICAL research ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,LONGITUDINAL method - Abstract
Background: Teachers often rely on the use of open‐ended questions to assess students' conceptual understanding of assigned content. Particularly in the context of mathematics; teachers use these types of questions to gain insight into the processes and strategies adopted by students in solving mathematical problems beyond what is possible through more close‐ended problem types. While these types of problems are valuable to teachers, the variation in student responses to these questions makes it difficult, and time‐consuming, to evaluate and provide directed feedback. It is a well‐studied concept that feedback, both in terms of a numeric score but more importantly in the form of teacher‐authored comments, can help guide students as to how to improve, leading to increased learning. It is for this reason that teachers need better support not only for assessing students' work but also in providing meaningful and directed feedback to students. Objectives: In this paper, we seek to develop, evaluate, and examine machine learning models that support automated open response assessment and feedback. Methods: We build upon the prior research in the automatic assessment of student responses to open‐ended problems and introduce a novel approach that leverages student log data combined with machine learning and natural language processing methods. Utilizing sentence‐level semantic representations of student responses to open‐ended questions, we propose a collaborative filtering‐based approach to both predict student scores as well as recommend appropriate feedback messages for teachers to send to their students. Results and Conclusion: We find that our method outperforms previously published benchmarks across three different metrics for the task of predicting student performance. Through an error analysis, we identify several areas where future works may be able to improve upon our approach. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Open‐ended questions are used by teachers in the domain of mathematics to assess their students understanding but automated support for these types of questions are limited in online learning platforms. Recent advancements in areas of machine learning and natural language processing have led to promising results in a range of domains and applications. What this paper adds: Emulating how teachers identify similar student answers can be used to build tools that support teachers in assessing and providing feedback to student open‐ended work. Implications for practice: Developing better automated supports can increase the amount of direct feedback students receive to guide their learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Information Technology: Near-Term Effort to Automate Paper-Based Immigration Files Needs Planning Improvements: GAO-06-375.
- Author
-
Hite, Randolph C.
- Subjects
INFORMATION technology ,UNITED States emigration & immigration ,AUTOMATION ,PUBLIC officers ,SCANNING systems - Abstract
The United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) relies on about 55 million paper-based files to adjudicate applications for immigration status and other benefits. Ensuring the currency and availability of these manual files, referred to as alien files, or A-Files, is a major challenge. To address this challenge, USCIS has initiated efforts, both long and near term, to automate the A-Files. The long-term effort is now being re-examined within the context of a larger USCIS organizational transformation initiative. In the near term, USCIS has begun a digitization program, which it estimates will cost about $190 million over an 8-year period to electronically scan existing paper files and store and share the scanned images. GAO was asked to determine whether USCIS was effectively managing its A-Files automation efforts. USCIS's effectiveness in managing its long-term effort for automating the A-Files cannot yet be determined because the scope, content, and approach for moving from paper-based to paperless A-Files has yet to be defined. Nevertheless, GAO believes that USCIS's recent decision to re-examine prior agency plans for a strategic A-Files automation solution within the context of an agencywide transformation strategy appropriately recognizes the integral support role that information technology plays in organizational and business transformation. GAO also believes that the success of USCIS's organizational transformation depends on other key supporting practices, such as having a comprehensive and integrated transformation plan (goals and schedules) and results-oriented performance measures. With respect to USCIS's near-term A-Files automation effort, known as the Integrated Digitization Document Management Program (IDDMP), effective planning is not occurring. In particular, USCIS has not developed a plan governing how it will manage this program and its contractors, and it has not developed an evaluation plan for its ongoing digitization concept of operations pilot test, even though it has either awarded or plans to award contracts totaling about $20 million for this pilot. In addition, USCIS officials told us they do not yet know which A-Files immigration forms will be scanned. Without a defined scope and adequate planning, this program is at risk of falling short of expectations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
17. Effects of New Technologies.
- Abstract
A series of articles looks at computerization and unions in Australia, France, and India; bargaining agreements about technological innovation in India, the United Kingdom, and the United States; and the effects of technology on the labor force in the Federal Republic of Germany, Japan, and the United States. (SK)
- Published
- 1983
18. Automation: An Illustration of Social Change.
- Author
-
Warnat, Winifred I.
- Abstract
Advanced automation is significantly affecting American society and the individual. To understand the extent of this impact, an understanding of the country's service economy is necessary. The United States made the transition from a goods- to service-based economy shortly after World War II. In 1982, services generated 67% of the Gross National Product. Automation has been a significant element of this society, contributing to major transformations in traditional industries, the creation of new industries, and changes in the workforce and the home. Projections on occupational opportunity to the year 2000 indicate that while automation and technology will effect the greatest changes at the higher levels of the work force, in jobs requiring college degrees, there will also be major increases in opportunities at the lower job skills level. As of yet, forecasts have overlooked impact on the middle mass of society, which may provide a better barometer of social change than either the "haves" or "have nots." Numerous issues remain to be addressed as society moves toward the next century, among them how to respond to: the declining need for workers, reduction of the work week, women as primary breadwinners, an aging population, single households, and membership in a global community. (LP)
- Published
- 1983
19. New Technology in the American Workplace. Hearing before the Subcommittee on Labor Standards of the Committee on Education and Labor, House of Representatives, Ninety-Seventh Congress, Second Session.
- Author
-
Congress of the U.S., Washington, DC. House Committee on Education and Labor.
- Abstract
This congressional report contains testimony given at the first of a series of comprehensive hearings on the impact of automation on employment and the workplace. Included among those agencies and organizations represented at the hearing were the following: the International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers; the American Federation of Labor/Congress of Industrial Organizations; the Working Women Education Fund; Unimation, Inc.; the Chase Manhattan Bank; the National Productivity Group; Advanced Office Concepts; the Library of Congress; the GCA Corporation; and the United States General Accounting Office. (MN)
- Published
- 1982
20. Pentagon Pushes Paper Out of Contract Process.
- Author
-
Clark, Colin
- Subjects
CONTRACTING out ,AUTOMATION - Abstract
Reports on the pursuit of paperless contracting process at the United States Department of Defense. Comments from United States Navy Captain Ted Case; Benefit from online work; Obstacles to online contracting. INSET: The Shift Away From Paper.
- Published
- 1999
21. Abstracts of papers presented at the 1999 Pittsburgh Conference.
- Subjects
- *
LABORATORIES , *CHEMISTRY , *ANALYTICAL chemistry -- Congresses , *CONFERENCES & conventions , *AUTOMATION - Abstract
Presents abstracts presented at the 1999 Pittsburgh Conference on automated methods and management in chemistry in Pennsylvania. 'Microfabrication as a Route to Nanovolume Separation Systems,' by Fred Regnier, Brian Burke and Bing He; 'Fast FTIR Imaging of Multicomponent Polymer Systems,' by J.L. Koenig and C.M. Snively; 'The Emergence of PC-based Measurement and Automation at Pittcon,' by Dudley Baker.
- Published
- 1999
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Lawmakers find paper trail at military hospital.
- Author
-
Maze, Rick
- Subjects
ELECTRONIC health records ,MEDICAL record access control ,AUTOMATION ,HEALTH of military personnel - Abstract
The article discusses the need according to Representative Steve Buyer, chairman of the U.S. House Veterans' Affairs Committee, to make medical records automated. However, senior military efforts told him that fully electronic medical records will not be available for five to ten years. The issue for medical records is whether the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs clinics and hospitals have full access to service medical treatment files.
- Published
- 2006
23. THE SEC'S PLAN TO PUT A MOUNTAIN OF PAPER INTO A COMPUTER.
- Subjects
COMPUTER files ,ELECTRONIC systems ,AUTOMATION ,ELECTRONIC filing systems - Abstract
The article reports on efforts of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to swift to a paperless system. Several advantages of the electronic file system include ease for companies in sending in their financial data and public's instant access to information through home or office computers. The agency plans to streamline its review and analysis process by installing a computerized system, called EDGAR for electronic data gathering and retrieval.
- Published
- 1984
24. Buried in paper? Tune in to an optical jukebox.
- Subjects
JUKEBOXES ,OPTICAL images ,AUTOMATION ,ELECTRONIC data processing - Abstract
Reports about the features of an optical data storage jukebox and its value in the Department of Building Inspections (DBI) of San Francisco. Addition of an imaging application technology to the Hewlett-Packard Model 200T in DBI.
- Published
- 1995
25. The massive task of expanding capacity.
- Subjects
SCARCITY ,PRODUCTION (Economic theory) ,INDUSTRIES ,AUTOMATION - Abstract
The article focuses on issues concerning the shortage in raw materials which affected all industries in the U.S. as well as their productivity. It reports that among the industries that were mostly affected by the shortage are the steel industry, paper industry, and petroleum industry. It mentions that these industries have considered the use of computer control systems to compensate for the loss and to reduce waste.
- Published
- 1974
26. professional activities.
- Subjects
CONFERENCES & conventions ,COMPUTER science conferences ,DATABASE management ,AUTOMATION - Abstract
The article announces several conferences related to computer science in the U.S. including the 1978 ACM SIGMOD International Conference on Management of Data to be held at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas from May 31-June 2, 1978, the Computer Algebra Symposium to be held at the University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin on May 26, 1978 and the 15th Design Automation Conference to be held at Caesars Palace, Las Vegas, Nevada from June 10-21,1978.
- Published
- 1977
27. Developing, Purchasing, Implementing and Monitoring AI Tools in Radiology: Practical Considerations. A Multi-Society Statement From the ACR, CAR, ESR, RANZCR & RSNA.
- Author
-
Brady, Adrian P., Allen, Bibb, Chong, Jaron, Kotter, Elmar, Kottler, Nina, Mongan, John, Oakden-Rayner, Lauren, dos Santos, Daniel Pinto, Tang, An, Wald, Christoph, and Slavotinek, John
- Subjects
- *
PRODUCT safety , *PATIENT safety , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence , *PROFESSIONAL associations , *DISEASE management , *NEW product development , *ACQUISITION of property , *HOSPITAL radiological services , *COMPUTER-aided diagnosis , *AUTOMATION , *MACHINE learning , *MEDICAL ethics , *GOVERNMENT regulation , *MEDICAL practice - Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) carries the potential for unprecedented disruption in radiology, with possible positive and negative consequences. The integration of AI in radiology holds the potential to revolutionize healthcare practices by advancing diagnosis, quantification, and management of multiple medical conditions. Nevertheless, the ever‑growing availability of AI tools in radiology highlights an increasing need to critically evaluate claims for its utility and to differentiate safe product offerings from potentially harmful, or fundamentally unhelpful ones. This multi‑society paper, presenting the views of Radiology Societies in the USA, Canada, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand, defines the potential practical problems and ethical issues surrounding the incorporation of AI into radiological practice. In addition to delineating the main points of concern that developers, regulators, and purchasers of AI tools should consider prior to their introduction into clinical practice, this statement also suggests methods to monitor their stability and safety in clinical use, and their suitability for possible autonomous function. This statement is intended to serve as a useful summary of the practical issues which should be considered by all parties involved in the development of radiology AI resources, and their implementation as clinical tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. FIX Panel Looks to Automate Confirmation Paper Trail.
- Author
-
Sandman, John
- Subjects
SECURITIES trading ,AUTOMATION ,FIXED-income securities ,DOCUMENTATION - Abstract
The article reports on the efforts of a Fix Protocol Ltd. working group to automate confirmation paper records for fixed-income trades. FIX 4.4 is currently not able to produce certain information required under Rule 10b-10 of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission which calls for broker-dealers to provide confirmations showing such information as the time and date of transaction, price paid, amount purchased and broker's commission. One obstacle that the rule poses to the group is that it states that the only legal evidence that a trade occurred are paper copies.
- Published
- 2006
29. Ending the Endless WAVES of PAPER.
- Author
-
WEIL, MARTY
- Subjects
AUTOMATION ,DRUG approval ,PHARMACEUTICAL industry ,UNITED States manufacturing industries - Abstract
The article focuses on the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's (FDA) decision to mandate the electronic Common Technical Documents (eCTD) specification as a standard format for the submission of all new drug application and supplements. The mandate, which was implemented at the start of 2008, prompts pharmaceutical manufacturers to automate and streamline their operations.
- Published
- 2008
30. DISCUSSION.
- Author
-
EDWARDS, FRANKLIN R.
- Subjects
CAPITAL market ,TECHNOLOGICAL innovations ,PRICES of securities ,COMMUNICATION & technology ,TELEGRAPH & telegraphy ,MARKETS ,PROFIT ,AUTOMATION ,INNOVATION adoption ,FINANCIAL markets ,INFORMATION theory in finance - Abstract
The article comments on a paper published within the issue. "Technology, Communication and the Performance of Financial Markets: 1840-1975," by Kenneth D. Garbade and William L. Silber, investigates the effects of innovations in information technology on security markets. The author discusses two points of criticism regarding the paper in question. He feels that the authors exaggerate the policy significance of their findings. He also believes they overstate their case regarding the importance of the consolidated ticker tape, noting that no impact on inter-market price differentials could be observed. The author feels that the automation of the trading processes is the next logical step for market integration, which is currently under active consideration by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
- Published
- 1978
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Switching from paper to AIDC.
- Author
-
Camean, Frank
- Subjects
COMPUTERS in business ,AUTOMATIC identification ,AUTOMATION ,DISTRIBUTORS (Commerce) ,DATA entry - Abstract
Focuses on the benefits of replacing paperworks with automatic identification and data capture technology for companies in the distribution market in the U.S. Elimination of processing errors that impact customer service; Increase in the volume of production and shipment of goods; Facilitation of real-time data capture and performance analysis.
- Published
- 2004
32. Paper cuts.
- Author
-
Soule, Alexander
- Subjects
HOSPITAL records ,COMPUTERS in medicine ,AUTOMATION - Abstract
The article reports on the plans of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to award grants to spread International Business Machines (IBM) Corp.'s technology to other areas throughout the nation. IBM installed its prototype for a nationwide health information network at various hospitals. It is one of the major initiatives by the Department that aims to convert paper hospital records to electronic format.
- Published
- 2007
33. Shredding the Paper Habit.
- Author
-
Young, Deborah
- Subjects
- *
INVOICES , *WIRELESS communications , *ELECTRONIC funds transfers , *AUTOMATION - Abstract
Deals with the efforts of wireless communication companies to promote the use of electronic bill presentment and payment (EBPP) for account management among businesses in the United States. Initiatives of AT&T Wireless; Problems faced by carriers in their efforts; Companies that are promoting EBPP. INSETS: Billing Preferences;The Price of Paper.
- Published
- 2001
34. ELECTRONIC ONBOARD RECORDERS: Logging off the paper chase.
- Author
-
Cullen, David
- Subjects
AUTOMATION ,COMPUTER systems ,COMMERCIAL vehicles - Abstract
The article focuses on the mandate to use electronic onboard recorders (EOBRs) in commercial vehicles by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) in the U.S. The FMCSA has published an Advanced Notice of Proposed Rulemaking on EOBRs. The concerns of those who oppose the mandate was mentioned and discussed. The benefits of EOBRs mandatory was emphasized.
- Published
- 2006
35. Taming You Firm's Paper.
- Author
-
Lombardo, Carly
- Subjects
INFORMATION services ,RECORDS management ,ELECTRONIC records ,ACCOUNTING firms ,AUTOMATION - Abstract
Focuses on the changes in the document management strategies of accounting firms in the United States with the onset of the paperless practice. Tools for automating document management programs used by the firms; Advantages and challenges associated with automation in document management; Software products used by the accounting firms to manage documents and prepare financial statements. INSETS: Paperless Strategies;Paperless Doesn't Mean Effortless.
- Published
- 2005
36. How Not to Waste Knowledge.
- Subjects
ACADEMIC library automation ,ACADEMIC libraries ,COMPUTERS in libraries ,LIBRARY administration ,RECORDS management ,LIBRARY users - Abstract
The article focuses on the application of automation in academic libraries to meet their needs. It says that the surge in information particularly the emergence of vast number of articles offers problems to libraries. It adds that automation can help libraries manage their suffocation by paper and helps readers to discover available information. Moreover, lots of libraries use data-processing machines to manage record book purchases, track books that are lent, and issue overdue notices.
- Published
- 1965
37. Planned Innovations in the United States 2020 Census1.
- Author
-
Colosi, Robert
- Subjects
UNITED States census ,REMOTE-sensing images ,CAMPAIGN promises ,QUALITY control ,ADVERTISING campaigns ,CENSUS - Abstract
In the United States of America, the Census Bureau (USCB) is implementing four major areas of innovation in preparation for the 2020 Census. The first area focuses on the maintenance of our frame of addresses using satellite imagery. The USCB will compare old and new satellite images to identify geographic areas that are stable and will not require in-person field staff updating. The second uses the Internet, including Identified (ID) and Non-Identified (Non-ID) processing, and cloud services to make it easier for people to self-respond. This Non-ID methodology has significant impacts on the way USCB staff execute our advertising campaign and promises to increase our self-response rates. The third uses existing administrative data to reduce cost. USCB will use existing data in many components of the 2020 Census including identification of vacant, non-existent, and occupied living quarters for non-respondents. The last area of innovation leverages technology to make field staff more efficient. Much of the field tasks will be automated including recruiting people, hiring staff, training staff, payroll and expense reporting, case assignments, case management, route optimization, quality control, and communications. The 2020 Census promises to be innovative, and improve over past censuses that relied heavily on paper questionnaires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Automated Versus Floor Trading: An Analysis of Execution Costs on the Paris and New York Exchanges.
- Author
-
Venkataraman, Kumar
- Subjects
STOCK exchanges ,AUTOMATION ,FLOOR traders (Finance) ,SECURITIES ,SECURITIES trading - Abstract
A global trend towards automated trading systems raises the important question of whether execution costs are, in fact, lower than on trading floors. This paper compares the trade execution costs of similar stocks in an automated trading structure (Paris Bourse) and a floor-based trading structure (NYSE). Results indicate that execution costs are higher in Paris than in New York after controlling for differences in adverse selection, relative tick size, and economic attributes across samples. These results suggest that the present form of the automated trading system may not be able to fully replicate the benefits of human intermediation on a trading floor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. T-RA 2002 Best Paper Award.
- Subjects
AWARDS ,INDUSTRIAL engineering ,PERIODICALS ,AUTOMATION ,ROBOTICS - Abstract
Reports on the recipients of the 2002 K.S. Fu transactions on Robotics and Automation Best Paper Award in the U.S. Awards received by Ezio Malis, INRIA-Sophia Antipolis, and Francois Chaumette, IRISA/INRIA-Rennes; Title of the winning paper; Presentation of the award by the T-RA editor-in-chief.
- Published
- 2003
40. Special Issue: Symposium on the Decennial Census, U.S. Bureau of the Census.
- Author
-
Garcia, Robert
- Abstract
Seven articles by members of the Bureau of the Census discuss various aspects of the census process and uses of census figures. Areas which are discussed include the historical basis of the census; automation of the census process; access to census information and confidentiality; and census taking in developing nations. (CLB)
- Published
- 1985
41. Effects of New Technologies.
- Abstract
This article cites a variety of sources and synthesizes a number of studies on the social implications of technological innovations (microelectronics). These studies were related to six European and Asian countries and were also concerned with the international division of labor. (SSH)
- Published
- 1982
42. International Conference On Automation, Full Employment, and a Balanced Economy (Rome, Italy, 1967).
- Author
-
American Foundation on Automation and Employment, Inc., New York, NY.
- Abstract
Three nations, Great Britain, Sweden, and the United States, participated in the conference with representatives from management, trade unions, government, academic institutions, and interested observers. The International Labor Office and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development also participated. Speakers from each of the three countries presented papers on one aspect of the broad topics: (1) Technological Change and Employment, (2) Manpower Planning, Educational Policy, and Training Programs, (3) The Impact of Technological Change on Wages and Salaries, (4) Technological Change and Industrial Relations. Also included is an essay on Human Values and Technology, and a summary presentation identifying some of the movements, problems, and trends which are both unique and common to the three nations participating in the conference. (CH)
- Published
- 1967
43. AI could spark change in the SMB lending space.
- Author
-
Chakravarty, Rajashree
- Subjects
FINANCIAL technology ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence in business ,SMALL business ,BANK loans ,MORTGAGE underwriting - Abstract
A white paper report commissioned by Uplinq, a credit assessment platform for small business lenders, suggests that artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning can benefit small businesses and financial institutions in making lending decisions. By leveraging AI technology and alternative data, financial institutions can offer advantages such as credit assessment and more efficient collections and loss mitigation. However, it is important to inspect and sort the data before utilizing it for underwriting purposes. While AI can provide affordable loans to small businesses, studies show that women and small business owners of color often struggle to access credit from traditional lenders based on conventional underwriting criteria. The lending landscape is strong across various platforms, indicating a thriving entrepreneurial spirit in the US. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2024
44. INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL: SU EVOLUCIÓN Y FUTURO.
- Author
-
Sartor, Pablo and Veiga, Leonardo
- Subjects
ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,LABOR market ,AUTOMATION ,HIGHER education ,LABOR supply - Abstract
Copyright of Hacer Empresa is the property of Universidad de Montevideo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
45. Calendar of Events.
- Subjects
COMPUTER industry ,CONFERENCES & conventions ,AUTOMATION ,MEDICAL care - Abstract
A calendar of events related to the computing machinery sector is presented. On June 12, 1977, the "Association of Computing Machinery SIGBIO Symposium on Health Computing Careers" will be held in Dallas, Texas. Meanwhile, the "Symposium on Moving Problems" will be held from September 26 to 28, 1977 in Gatlinburg, Tennessee. From October 3 to 5, 1977, the "Symposium on Computer Application in Medical Care" will be conducted in Washington, D.C.
- Published
- 1977
46. Sensing defects: Collaborative seeing in engineering work.
- Author
-
Sargent, Adam, Vinson, Alexandra H, and Stevens, Reed
- Subjects
ENGINEERS ,VALUE creation ,ENGINEERING ,MANUFACTURING defects ,LAYOFFS - Abstract
This paper explores how professional engineers recognize and make sense of product defects in their everyday work. Such activities form a crucial, if often overlooked, part of professional engineering practice. By detecting, recognizing and repairing defects, engineers contribute to the creation of value and the optimization of production processes. Focusing on early-career engineers in an advanced steel mill in the United States, we demonstrate how learning specific ways of seeing and attending to defects take shape around the increasing automation of certain aspects of engineering work. Practices of sensing defects are embodied, necessitating disciplined eyes, ears, and hands, but they are also distributed across human and non-human actors. We argue that such an approach to technical work provides texture to the stark opposition between human and machine work that has emerged in debates around automation. Our approach to sensing defects suggests that such an opposition, with its focus on job loss or retention, misses the more nuanced ways in which humans and machines are conjoined in perceptual tasks. The effects of automation should be understood through such shifting configurations and the ways that they variously incorporate the perceptual practices of humans and machines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Development and early findings of a semiautomated arthroplasty registry in a multi-institutional healthcare network.
- Author
-
Florissi I, Galea VP, Sauder N, Colon Iban Y, Heng M, Ahmed FK, Malchau H, and Bragdon CR
- Subjects
- Aged, Data Accuracy, Female, Humans, Length of Stay statistics & numerical data, Male, Multi-Institutional Systems, Patient Discharge, Patient Readmission statistics & numerical data, Reoperation statistics & numerical data, United States, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip, Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Automation, Quality Improvement, Registries
- Abstract
Aims: The primary aim of this paper was to outline the processes involved in building the Partners Arthroplasty Registry (PAR), established in April 2016 to capture baseline and outcome data for patients undergoing arthroplasty in a regional healthcare system. A secondary aim was to determine the quality of PAR's data. A tertiary aim was to report preliminary findings from the registry and contributions to quality improvement initiatives and research up to March 2019., Methods: Structured Query Language was used to obtain data relating to patients who underwent total hip or knee arthroplasty (THA and TKA) from the hospital network's electronic medical record (EMR) system to be included in the PAR. Data were stored in a secure database and visualized in dashboards. Quality assurance of PAR data was performed by review of the medical records. Capture rate was determined by comparing two months of PAR data with operating room schedules. Linear and binary logistic regression models were constructed to determine if length of stay (LOS), discharge to a care home, and readmission rates improved between 2016 and 2019., Results: The PAR captured 16,163 THAs and TKAs between April 2016 and March 2019, performed in seven hospitals by 110 surgeons. Manual comparison to operating schedules showed a 100% capture rate. Review of the records was performed for 2,603 random operations; 2,298 (88.3%) had complete and accurate data. The PAR provided the data for three abstracts presented at international conferences and has led to preoperative mental health treatment as a quality improvement initiative in the participating institutions. For primary THA and TKA surgeries, the LOS decreased significantly (p < 0.001) and the rate of home discharge increased significantly (p < 0.001) between 2016 and 2019. Readmission rates did not correlated with the date of surgery (p = 0.953)., Conclusion: The PAR has high rates of coverage (the number of patients treated within the Partners healthcare network) and data completion and can be used for both research purposes and quality improvement. The same method of creating a registry that was used in the PAR can be applied to hospitals using similar EMR systems. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(7 Supple B):90-98.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Historical Trend of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Meatpacking and Auto Industries, 1980s-Present.
- Author
-
MacLeod D
- Subjects
- Humans, Industrial Development trends, Risk Factors, Sustainable Development, United States, Automation methods, Ergonomics instrumentation, Ergonomics methods, Meat-Packing Industry methods, Meat-Packing Industry organization & administration, Meat-Packing Industry trends, Musculoskeletal Diseases epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Diseases prevention & control, Occupational Diseases epidemiology, Occupational Diseases prevention & control, Occupational Health standards, Occupational Health trends
- Abstract
Occupational Applications This paper provides a historical overview of the rise of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) in the U.S. from the 1980s to the present, with a special focus on the two industries with the highest recorded rates: Meatpacking and Auto Assembly. The activities underlying this account amount to a major occupational health success story (although still incomplete) in the recognition of these disorders and the development of a nation-wide effort for prevention. An obstacle in creating the data presented here was that the system of recordkeeping changed in multiple ways, making it difficult to compare WMSD rates over time. The work summarized here evaluated the effect of these changes and combined temporal segments that were judged to be the most accurate to create an overall trend line. These results can aid in: 1) showing the overall history of the recognition and prevention of WMSDs, 2) understanding the effects of the recordkeeping changes, and 3) allowing international comparisons of the trends.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Communication Modeling for Differential Protection in IEC-61850-Based Substations.
- Author
-
Ali, Ikbal, Hussain, S. M. Suhail, Tak, Ashok, and Ustun, Taha Selim
- Subjects
COMMUNICATION models ,ELECTRIC substations ,ELECTRIC utilities ,AUTOMATION ,WIDE area networks - Abstract
Today's power utilities, around the world, own multiple substations that are connected together to form a complex energy network. The functions within and between these substations are being automated according to globally accepted power utility automation standard IEC 61850. This automation results in efficient operation and enhanced protection of power network with the aid of the communication system. Implementing the protection schemes modeled using communication configurations of standardized information exchange will lead to digital power grid. Designing an IEC-61850-based protection scheme to take care of the faults outside the substations is a challenge, as the typical local-area-network-based generic-object-oriented substation events and sampled-value messages need to be transmitted over a wide-area network. This paper presents communication configuration for line current differential protection schemes applied between two automated substations. It presents the simulation results of communication configuration network between two substations. Its performance is evaluated using a network simulator tool. This study intends to guide the development of a robust protection scheme with IEC-61850-based communication configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Legislative and Judicial Information Systems.
- Author
-
Becker, Louise Giovane
- Abstract
Reviews computer applications in judicial, legal, and legislative information activities being used to support litigation and court administration, assist in searching for legislation and laws, aid criminal justice information systems, and provide appropriate bibliographic and reference assistance. Management issues in automating systems are noted. (EJS)
- Published
- 1983
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.