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Background: Various autoimmune disorders are associated with pediatric-type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM), but are usually ill-defined and not usually suspected until the disease becomes advanced, and the prevalence of these autoimmune conditions is usually not very well defined in developing part of the world. Aim: To find out the prevalence of various autoimmune disorders associated with pediatric-type-1 DM. Materials and Methods: Total of 164 patients were screened (90 males and 74 females) during the study period of 1-year, patients were evaluated for the clinical signs, biochemical investigations and family history of autoimmune disorders in a tertiary health care center in western Uttar Pradesh. Results: Autoimmune thyroiditis was found to be most commonly associated with type-1 diabetes, followed by the celiac disease, and Graves' disease, others less commonly seen were pernicious anemia, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and vitiligo. Conclusion: Autoimmune hypothyroidism was found to be significantly associated with type-1 diabetes, timely identification of these disorder are of paramount important for better glycemic control and to reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with the conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) is a rare steroid-responsive encephalopathy syndrome, which can have highly variable neuropsychiatric manifestations and can go unrecognized for a long time. HE is a diagnosis of exclusion and should be kept in mind when evaluating a patient with a cognitive dysfunction and high titers of anti-thyroid antibodies as it responds dramatically to steroids. Steroid responsive myoclonus can be a presentation of HE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]