1. Colonic involvement in celiac disease and possible implications of the sigmoid mucosa organ culture in its diagnosis.
- Author
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Picarelli A, Di Tola M, Borghini R, Isonne C, Saponara A, Marino M, Casale R, Tiberti A, Pica R, Donato G, Frieri G, and Corazziari E
- Subjects
- Adult, Celiac Disease immunology, Celiac Disease pathology, Cells, Cultured, Colon, Sigmoid pathology, Colonoscopy, Connective Tissue immunology, Female, Glutens immunology, Humans, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases immunology, Male, Middle Aged, Organ Culture Techniques, Serologic Tests trends, Transglutaminases immunology, Young Adult, Autoantibodies metabolism, Celiac Disease diagnosis, Colon, Sigmoid immunology, Inflammatory Bowel Diseases diagnosis, Mucous Membrane immunology
- Abstract
Purpose: Celiac disease (CD), a systemic autoimmune disorder that typically involves duodenal mucosa, can also affect other intestinal areas. Duodenal and oral mucosa organ culture has already been demonstrated as a reliable procedure to identify CD. The present study investigated gluten-dependent immunological activation of colonic mucosa in CD patients. We took advantage of the numerous colonoscopies performed for various clinical conditions or only for defensive medicine., Methods: Forty-four patients with gastrointestinal symptoms or in need of colorectal cancer screening were divided into patients with serum anti-endomysium (EMA) and anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) antibody positive results (Group A), patients with serum antibody negative results (Group B), and patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (Group C). The autoantibodies EMA and anti-tTG were evaluated in supernatants of cultured sigmoid and duodenal biopsies from patients on a gluten-containing diet., Results: In Group A, EMA and anti-tTG resulted positive in all duodenal culture supernatants. In sigmoid culture supernatants, EMA and anti-tTG were detected in 12/16 (75 %) and 13/16 (81.3 %) patients, respectively. In Group B, none of the 17 patients showed EMA and anti-tTG positive results in both duodenal and sigmoid cultures. In Group C, all 11 patients presented EMA negative results in sigmoid cultures. Only in one patient, anti-tTG were detectable in the sigmoid culture supernatant, as expected in cases of IBD., Conclusions: Data confirm that the gluten-dependent immunological activation affects more intestinal tracts with different degrees of involvement, suggesting that the organ culture of colonic biopsies could represent a new tool to opportunistically detect CD.
- Published
- 2013
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