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The appearance of fabric motion is suggested to affect the human perception of bending stiffness. This study presents a novel spatial augmented reality, or projection mapping, approach that can visually manipulate the perceived bending stiffness of a fabric. Particularly, we proposed a flow enhancement method that can change the apparent fabric motion by using a simple optical flow analysis technique rather than complex physical simulations for interactive applications. Through a psychophysical experiment, we investigated the relationship between the magnification factor of our flow enhancement and the perceived bending stiffness of a fabric. Furthermore, we constructed a prototype application system that allows users to control the stiffness of a fabric without changing the actual physical fabric. By evaluating the prototype, we confirmed that the proposed technique can manipulate the perceived stiffness of various materials (i.e., cotton, polyester, and mixed cotton and linen) at an average accuracy of 90.3 percent.

We present a focal surface projection to solve the narrow depth‐of‐field problem in projection mapping applications. We apply a phase‐only spatial light modulator to realize nonuniform focusing distances, whereby the projected contents appear focused on a surface with considerable depth variations. The feasibility of the proposed technique was validated through a physical experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an approach for non-contact haptic augmentation with spatial augmented reality (SAR). We construct a thermo-visual projection system by combining a standard RGB projector and a fabricated infrared (IR) projector. The primary contribution of this paper is that we conduct thorough psychophysical experiments to investigate a design guideline for spatiotemporal projection patterns for both RGB and IR projectors to render a warm object with high presence. We develop application systems to evaluate the validity of the proposed system and design guideline. The evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed system can render warm objects with significantly higher presence than a standard SAR system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this special issue of IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG), we are pleased to present the journal papers from the 21st IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR 2022), which will be held as a hybrid conference between October 17 and 21, 2022 in Singapore. ISMAR continues the over twenty year long tradition of IWAR, ISMR, and ISAR, and is the premier conference for Mixed and Augmented Reality in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present SoftAR, a novel spatial augmented reality (AR) technique based on a pseudo-haptics mechanism that visually manipulates the sense of softness perceived by a user pushing a soft physical object. Considering the limitations of projection-based approaches that change only the surface appearance of a physical object, we propose two projection visual effects, i.e., surface deformation effect (SDE) and body appearance effect (BAE), on the basis of the observations of humans pushing physical objects. The SDE visualizes a two-dimensional deformation of the object surface with a controlled softness parameter, and BAE changes the color of the pushing hand. Through psychophysical experiments, we confirm that the SDE can manipulate softness perception such that the participant perceives significantly greater softness than the actual softness. Furthermore, fBAE, in which BAE is applied only for the finger area, significantly enhances manipulation of the perception of softness. We create a computational model that estimates perceived softness when SDE+fBAE is applied. We construct a prototype SoftAR system in which two application frameworks are implemented. The softness adjustment allows a user to adjust the softness parameter of a physical object, and the softness transfer allows the user to replace the softness with that of another object. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a shadow removal technique for a multiple overlapping projection system. In particular, this paper deals with situations where cameras cannot be placed between the occluder and projection surface. We apply a synthetic aperture capturing technique to estimate the appearance of the projection surface, and a visual hull reconstruction technique to measure the shape of the occluder. Once the shape is acquired, shadow regions on the surface can be estimated. The proposed shadow removal technique allows users to balance between the following two criteria: the likelihood of new shadow emergence and the spatial resolution of the projected results. Through a real projection experiment, we evaluate the proposed shadow removal technique [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a new label layout technique for projection-based augmented reality (AR) that determines the placement of each label directly projected onto an associated physical object with a surface that is normally inappropriate for projection (i.e., nonplanar and textured). Central to our technique is a new legibility estimation method that evaluates how easily people can read projected characters from arbitrary viewpoints. The estimation method relies on the results of a psychophysical study that we conducted to investigate the legibility of projected characters on various types of surfaces that deform their shapes, decrease their contrasts, or cast shadows on them. Our technique computes a label layout by minimizing the energy function using a genetic algorithm (GA). The terms in the function quantitatively evaluate different aspects of the layout quality. Conventional label layout solvers evaluate anchor regions and leader lines. In addition to these evaluations, we design our energy function to deal with the following unique factors, which are inherent in projection-based AR applications: the estimated legibility value and the disconnection of the projected leader line. The results of our subjective experiment showed that the proposed technique could significantly improve the projected label layout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this special issue of IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics (TVCG), we are pleased to present the journal papers from the 20th IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality (ISMAR 2021), which will be held as a virtual conference between October 4 and 8, 2021. ISMAR continues the over twenty year long tradition of IWAR, ISMR, and ISAR, and is the premier conference for Mixed and Augmented Reality in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]