1. The Role of Astrocytes in Remyelination
- Author
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Amar Sharma, Ginez A. Gonzalez Martinez, Robin J.M. Franklin, Khalil S. Rawji, Franklin, Robin [0000-0001-6522-2104], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cell type ,microglia ,Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Myelin ,0302 clinical medicine ,astrocyte ,medicine ,Humans ,Remyelination ,Myelin Sheath ,Progenitor ,Microglia ,General Neuroscience ,Regeneration (biology) ,aging ,progenitor ,Cell Differentiation ,Oligodendrocyte ,myelin ,Oligodendroglia ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,remyelination ,nervous system ,Astrocytes ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,oligodendrocyte ,Astrocyte ,Demyelinating Diseases - Abstract
Remyelination is the regeneration of myelin sheaths following demyelination. This regenerative process is critical for the re-establishment of axonal conduction velocity and metabolic support to the axons. Successful remyelination in the CNS generally depends on the activation, proliferation, and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs). However, other cell types play critical roles in establishing where a lesion is conducive for regeneration. In the last few years, several studies have described beneficial and detrimental roles played by astrocytes in remyelination. This review will discuss recent developments in the concept of astrocyte reactivity, what is known about the astrocytic contribution to remyelination, and highlight future avenues of investigation.
- Published
- 2020