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46 results on '"Hubmayr J"'

1. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Modeling the gas thermodynamics in BOSS CMASS galaxies from kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich measurements

Author

Amodeo, S, Battaglia, N, Schaan, E, Ferraro, S, Moser, E, Aiola, S, Austermann, JE, Beall, JA, Bean, R, Becker, DT, Bond, RJ, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Choi, SK, Denison, EV, Devlin, M, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Gallardo, PA, Hall, KR, Han, D, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, HloŽek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Koopman, BJ, Macinnis, A, McMahon, J, Madhavacheril, MS, Moodley, K, Mroczkowski, T, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, LB, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Sifón, C, Spergel, DN, Staggs, S, Storer, ER, Ullom, JN, Vale, LR, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, EM, Wollack, EJ, and Xu, Z

Subjects
astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA
Abstract

The thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects (tSZ, kSZ) probe the thermodynamic properties of the circumgalactic and intracluster medium (CGM and ICM) of galaxies, groups, and clusters, since they are proportional, respectively, to the integrated electron pressure and momentum along the line of sight. We present constraints on the gas thermodynamics of CMASS (constant stellar mass) galaxies in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey using new measurements of the kSZ and tSZ signals obtained in a companion paper [Schaan et al.]. Combining kSZ and tSZ measurements, we measure within our model the amplitude of energy injection ϵM⋆c2, where M⋆ is the stellar mass, to be ϵ=(40±9)×10-6, and the amplitude of the nonthermal pressure profile to be αNth

Published
2021

2. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Combined kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich measurements from BOSS CMASS and LOWZ halos

Author

Schaan, E, Ferraro, S, Amodeo, S, Battaglia, N, Aiola, S, Austermann, JE, Beall, JA, Bean, R, Becker, DT, Bond, RJ, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Choi, SK, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Gallardo, PA, Guan, Y, Han, D, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, HloŽek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Koopman, BJ, Macinnis, A, McMahon, J, Madhavacheril, MS, Moodley, K, Mroczkowski, T, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, LB, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Salatino, M, Sehgal, N, Schillaci, A, Sifón, C, Smith, KM, Spergel, DN, Staggs, S, Storer, ER, Trac, H, Ullom, JN, Van Lanen, J, Vale, LR, Van Engelen, A, Magaña, MV, Vavagiakis, EM, Wollack, EJ, and Xu, Z

Subjects
astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA
Abstract

The scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons off the free-electron gas in galaxies and clusters leaves detectable imprints on high resolution CMB maps: the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects (tSZ and kSZ respectively). We use combined microwave maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope DR5 and Planck in combination with the CMASS (mean redshift ⟨z

Published
2021

3. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Catalog of >4000 Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Galaxy Clusters

Author

Hilton, M, Sifón, C, Naess, S, Madhavacheril, M, Oguri, M, Rozo, E, Rykoff, E, Abbott, TMC, Adhikari, S, Aguena, M, Aiola, S, Allam, S, Amodeo, S, Amon, A, Annis, J, Ansarinejad, B, Aros-Bunster, C, Austermann, JE, Avila, S, Bacon, D, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Becker, DT, Bernstein, GM, Bertin, E, Bhandarkar, T, Bhargava, S, Bond, JR, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Calabrese, E, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Choi, SK, Choi, A, Conselice, C, da Costa, LN, Costanzi, M, Crichton, D, Crowley, KT, Dünner, R, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Dicker, SR, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Doel, P, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Everett, S, Ferraro, S, Ferrero, I, Ferté, A, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, Gallardo, PA, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, DW, Giles, P, Golec, JE, Gralla, MB, Grandis, S, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Han, D, Hartley, WG, Hasselfield, M, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hincks, AD, Hinton, SR, Ho, S-PP, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Jaelani, AT, Jain, B, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Kent, S, Knowles, K, Koopman, BJ, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Lin, Y-T, Lokken, M, Loubser, SI, MacCrann, N, Maia, MAG, Marriage, TA, Martin, J, McMahon, J, and Melchior, P

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Galaxy clusters, Cosmology, Large-scale structure of the universe, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences
Abstract

We present a catalog of 4195 optically confirmed Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) selected galaxy clusters detected with signal-to-noise ratio >4 in 13,211 deg2 of sky surveyed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). Cluster candidates were selected by applying a multifrequency matched filter to 98 and 150 GHz maps constructed from ACT observations obtained from 2008 to 2018 and confirmed using deep, wide-area optical surveys. The clusters span the redshift range 0.04 < z < 1.91 (median z = 0.52). The catalog contains 222 z > 1 clusters, and a total of 868 systems are new discoveries. Assuming an SZ signal versus mass-scaling relation calibrated from X-ray observations, the sample has a 90% completeness mass limit of M500c > 3.8 × 1014 Me, evaluated at z = 0.5, for clusters detected at signal-to-noise ratio >5 in maps filtered at an angular scale of 2 4. The survey has a large overlap with deep optical weak-lensing surveys that are being used to calibrate the SZ signal mass-scaling relation, such as the Dark Energy Survey (4566 deg2), the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (469 deg2), and the Kilo Degree Survey (825 deg2). We highlight some noteworthy objects in the sample, including potentially projected systems, clusters with strong lensing features, clusters with active central galaxies or star formation, and systems of multiple clusters that may be physically associated. The cluster catalog will be a useful resource for future cosmological analyses and studying the evolution of the intracluster medium and galaxies in massive clusters over the past 10 Gyr.

Published
2021

4. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Delensed power spectra and parameters

Author

Han, D, Sehgal, N, MacInnis, A, van Engelen, A, Sherwin, BD, Madhavacheril, MS, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Becker, DT, Calabrese, E, Choi, SK, Darwish, O, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Dunkley, J, Ferraro, S, Fox, AE, Hasselfield, M, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hložek, R, Hubmayr, J, Hughes, JP, Kosowsky, A, van Lanen, J, Louis, T, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Nibarger, JP, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Qu, FJ, Schillaci, A, Spergel, DN, Staggs, S, Storer, E, and Wollack, EJ

Subjects
cosmological parameters from CMBR, weak gravitational lensing, astro-ph.CO, hep-ph, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

We present ΛCDM cosmological parameter constraints obtained from delensed microwave background power spectra. Lensing maps from a subset of DR4 data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) are used to undo the lensing effect in ACT spectra observed at 150 and 98 GHz. At 150 GHz, we remove the lensing distortion with an effective efficiency of 30% (TT), 30% (EE), 26% (TE) and 20% (BB); this results in detections of the delensing effect at 8.7σ (TT), 5.1σ (EE), 2.6σ (TE), and 2.4σ (BB) significance. The combination of 150 and 98 GHz TT, EE, and TE delensed spectra is well fit by a standard ΛCDM model. We also measure the shift in best-fit parameters when fitting delensed versus lensed spectra; while this shift does not inform our ability to measure cosmological parameters, it does provide a three-way consistency check among the lensing inferred from the best-fit parameters, the lensing in the CMB power spectrum, and the reconstructed lensing map. This shift is predicted to be zero when fitting with the correct model since both lensed and delensed spectra originate from the same region of sky. Fitting with a ΛCDM model and marginalizing over foregrounds, we find that the shift in cosmological parameters is consistent with zero. Our results show that gravitational lensing of the microwave background is internally consistent within the framework of the standard cosmological model.

Published
2021

5. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A CMB lensing mass map over 2100 square degrees of sky and its cross-correlation with BOSS-CMASS galaxies

Author

Darwish, O, Madhavacheril, MS, Sherwin, BD, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Becker, DT, Bond, JR, Calabrese, E, Choi, SK, Devlin, MJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Ferraro, S, Fox, AE, Gallardo, PA, Guan, Y, Halpern, M, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hincks, AD, Patty Ho, SP, Hubmayr, J, Hughes, JP, Koopman, BJ, Kosowsky, A, Van Lanen, J, Louis, T, Lungu, M, MacInnis, A, Maurin, L, McMahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, JP, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Qu, FJ, Robertson, N, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Sehgal, N, Sifón, C, Spergel, DN, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Van Engelen, A, and Wollack, EJ

Subjects
astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

We construct cosmic microwave background lensing mass maps using data from the 2014 and 2015 seasons of observations with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). These maps cover 2100 square degrees of sky and overlap with a wide variety of optical surveys. The maps are signal dominated on large scales and have fidelity such that their correlation with the cosmic infrared background is clearly visible by eye. We also create lensing maps with thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich contamination removed using a novel cleaning procedure that only slightly degrades the lensing signal-to-noise ratio. The cross-spectrum between the cleaned lensing map and the BOSS CMASS galaxy sample is detected at 10σ significance, with an amplitude of A = 1.02 ± 0.10 relative to the Planck best-fitting Lambda cold dark matter cosmological model with fiducial linear galaxy bias. Our measurement lays the foundation for lensing cross-correlation science with current ACT data and beyond.

Published
2021

6. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Arcminute-resolution maps of 18 000 square degrees of the microwave sky from ACT 2008–2018 data combined with Planck

Author

Naess, S, Aiola, S, Austermann, JE, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Becker, DT, Bond, RJ, Calabrese, E, Choi, SK, Cothard, NF, Crowley, KT, Darwish, O, Datta, R, Denison, EV, Devlin, M, Duell, CJ, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Fox, AE, Gallardo, PA, Halpern, M, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hincks, AD, Hložek, R, Ho, SPP, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, JP, Kosowsky, AB, Louis, T, Madhavacheril, MS, McMahon, J, Moodley, K, Nati, F, Nibarger, JP, Niemack, MD, Page, L, Partridge, B, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Sherwin, BD, Sehgal, N, Sifón, C, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Stevens, J, Storer, E, Ullom, JN, Vale, LR, van Engelen, A, van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, EM, Wollack, EJ, and Xu, Z

Subjects
CMBR experiments, CMBR polarisation, astro-ph.IM, astro-ph.CO, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

This paper presents a maximum-likelihood algorithm for combining sky maps with disparate sky coverage, angular resolution and spatially varying anisotropic noise into a single map of the sky. We use this to merge hundreds of individual maps covering the 2008–2018 ACT observing seasons, resulting in by far the deepest ACT maps released so far. We also combine the maps with the full Planck maps, resulting in maps that have the best features of both Planck and ACT: Planck’s nearly white noise on intermediate and large angular scales and ACT’s high-resolution and sensitivity on small angular scales. The maps cover over 18 000 square degrees, nearly half the full sky, at 100, 150 and 220 GHz. They reveal 4 000 optically-confirmed clusters through the Sunyaev Zel’dovich effect (SZ) and 18 500 point source candidates at > 5σ, the largest single collection of SZ clusters and millimeter wave sources to date. The multi-frequency maps provide millimeter images of nearby galaxies and individual Milky Way nebulae, and even clear detections of several nearby stars. Other anticipated uses of these maps include, for example, thermal SZ and kinematic SZ cluster stacking, CMB cluster lensing and galactic dust science. The method itself has negligible bias. However, due to the preliminary nature of some of the component data sets, we caution that these maps should not be used for precision cosmological analysis. The maps are part of ACT DR5, and will be made available on LAMBDA no later than three months after the journal publication of this article, along with an interactive sky atlas.

Published
2020

7. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR4 maps and cosmological parameters

Author

Aiola, S, Calabrese, E, Maurin, L, Naess, S, Schmitt, BL, Abitbol, MH, Addison, GE, Ade, PAR, Alonso, D, Amiri, M, Amodeo, S, Angile, E, Austermann, JE, Baildon, T, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Bean, R, Becker, DT, Richard Bond, J, Bruno, SM, Calafut, V, Campusano, LE, Carrero, F, Chesmore, GE, Cho, HM, Choi, SK, Clark, SE, Cothard, NF, Crichton, D, Crowley, KT, Darwish, O, Datta, R, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Duell, CJ, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Essinger-Hileman, T, Fankhanel, M, Ferraro, S, Fox, AE, Fuzia, B, Gallardo, PA, Gluscevic, V, Golec, JE, Grace, E, Gralla, M, Guan, Y, Hall, K, Halpern, M, Han, D, Hargrave, P, Hasselfield, M, Helton, JM, Henderson, S, Hensley, B, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hincks, AD, Hložek, R, Ho, SPP, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Infante, L, Irwin, K, Jackson, R, Klein, J, Knowles, K, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Lakey, V, Li, D, Li, Y, Li, Z, Lokken, M, Louis, T, Lungu, M, MacInnis, A, Madhavacheril, M, Maldonado, F, Mallaby-Kay, M, Marsden, D, McMahon, J, Menanteau, F, Moodley, K, Morton, T, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, JP, Nicola, A, Niemack, MD, Nolta, MR, Orlowski-Sherer, J, Page, LA, and Pappas, CG

Subjects
CMBR experiments, CMBR polarisation, cosmological parameters from CMBR, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

We present new arcminute-resolution maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature and polarization anisotropy from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, using data taken from 2013–2016 at 98 and 150 GHz. The maps cover more than 17,000 deg2, the deepest 600 deg2 with noise levels below 10µK-arcmin. We use the power spectrum derived from almost 6,000 deg2 of these maps to constrain cosmology. The ACT data enable a measurement of the angular scale of features in both the divergence-like polarization and the temperature anisotropy, tracing both the velocity and density at last-scattering. From these one can derive the distance to the last-scattering surface and thus infer the local expansion rate, H0. By combining ACT data with large-scale information from WMAP we measure H0 = 67.6±1.1 km/s/Mpc, at 68% confidence, in excellent agreement with the independently-measured Planck satellite estimate (from ACT alone we find H0 = 67.9 ± 1.5 km/s/Mpc). The ΛCDM model provides a good fit to the ACT data, and we find no evidence for deviations: both the spatial curvature, and the departure from the standard lensing signal in the spectrum, are zero to within 1σ; the number of relativistic species, the primordial Helium fraction, and the running of the spectral index are consistent with ΛCDM predictions to within 1.5–2.2σ. We compare ACT, WMAP, and Planck at the parameter level and find good consistency; we investigate how the constraints on the correlated spectral index and baryon density parameters readjust when adding CMB large-scale information that ACT does not measure. The DR4 products presented here will be publicly released on the NASA Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis.

Published
2020

8. The atacama cosmology telescope: A measurement of the cosmic microwave background power spectra at 98 and 150 GHz

Author

Choi, SK, Hasselfield, M, Ho, SPP, Koopman, B, Lungu, M, Abitbol, MH, Addison, GE, Ade, PAR, Aiola, S, Alonso, D, Amiri, M, Amodeo, S, Angile, E, Austermann, JE, Baildon, T, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, Bean, R, Becker, DT, Richard Bond, J, Bruno, SM, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Campusano, LE, Carrero, F, Chesmore, GE, Cho, HM, Clark, SE, Cothard, NF, Crichton, D, Crowley, KT, Darwish, O, Datta, R, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Duell, CJ, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Essinger-Hileman, T, Fankhanel, M, Ferraro, S, Fox, AE, Fuzia, B, Gallardo, PA, Gluscevic, V, Golec, JE, Grace, E, Gralla, M, Guan, Y, Hall, K, Halpern, M, Han, D, Hargrave, P, Henderson, S, Hensley, B, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hincks, AD, Hložek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Infante, L, Irwin, K, Jackson, R, Klein, J, Knowles, K, Kosowsky, A, Lakey, V, Li, D, Li, Y, Li, Z, Lokken, M, Louis, T, MacInnis, A, Madhavacheril, M, Maldonado, F, Mallaby-Kay, M, Marsden, D, Maurin, L, McMahon, J, Menanteau, F, Moodley, K, Morton, T, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, JP, Nicola, A, Niemack, MD, Nolta, MR, Orlowski-Sherer, J, Page, LA, Pappas, CG, Partridge, B, and Phakathi, P

Subjects
CMBR experiments, CMBR polarisation, cosmological parameters from CMBR, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra of the CMB measured by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 5400 deg2 of the 2013–2016 survey, which covers >15000 deg2 at 98 and 150 GHz. For this analysis we adopt a blinding strategy to help avoid confirmation bias and, related to this, show numerous checks for systematic error done before unblinding. Using the likelihood for the cosmological analysis we constrain secondary sources of anisotropy and foreground emission, and derive a “CMB-only” spectrum that extends to ` = 4000. At large angular scales, foreground emission at 150 GHz is ∼1% of TT and EE within our selected regions and consistent with that found by Planck. Using the same likelihood, we obtain the cosmological parameters for ΛCDM for the ACT data alone with a prior on the optical depth of τ = 0.065 ± 0.015. ΛCDM is a good fit. The best-fit model has a reduced χ2 of 1.07 (PTE = 0.07) with H0 = 67.9 ± 1.5 km/s/Mpc. We show that the lensing BB signal is consistent with ΛCDM and limit the celestial EB polarization angle to ψP = −0.07◦ ±0.09◦. We directly cross correlate ACT with Planck and observe generally good agreement but with some discrepancies in TE. All data on which this analysis is based will be publicly released.

Published
2020

9. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: a CMB lensing mass map over 2100 square degrees of sky and its cross-correlation with BOSS-CMASS galaxies

Author

Darwish, Omar, Madhavacheril, Mathew S, Sherwin, Blake D, Aiola, Simone, Battaglia, Nicholas, Beall, James A, Becker, Daniel T, Bond, J Richard, Calabrese, Erminia, Choi, Steve K, Devlin, Mark J, Dunkley, Jo, Dünner, Rolando, Ferraro, Simone, Fox, Anna E, Gallardo, Patricio A, Guan, Yilun, Halpern, Mark, Han, Dongwon, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hill, J Colin, Hilton, Gene C, Hilton, Matt, Hincks, Adam D, Patty Ho, Shuay-Pwu, Hubmayr, J, Hughes, John P, Koopman, Brian J, Kosowsky, Arthur, Van Lanen, J, Louis, Thibaut, Lungu, Marius, MacInnis, Amanda, Maurin, Loïc, McMahon, Jeffrey, Moodley, Kavilan, Naess, Sigurd, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Newburgh, Laura, Nibarger, John P, Niemack, Michael D, Page, Lyman A, Partridge, Bruce, Qu, Frank J, Robertson, Naomi, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Sehgal, Neelima, Sifón, Cristóbal, Spergel, David N, Staggs, Suzanne, Storer, Emilie, van Engelen, Alexander, and Wollack, Edward J

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We construct cosmic microwave background lensing mass maps using data from the 2014 and 2015 seasons of observations with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). These maps cover 2100 square degrees of sky and overlap with a wide variety of optical surveys. The maps are signal dominated on large scales and have fidelity such that their correlation with the cosmic infrared background is clearly visible by eye. We also create lensing maps with thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich contamination removed using a novel cleaning procedure that only slightly degrades the lensing signal-to-noise ratio. The cross-spectrum between the cleaned lensing map and the BOSS CMASS galaxy sample is detected at 10σ significance, with an amplitude of A = 1.02 ± 0.10 relative to the Planck best-fitting Lambda cold dark matter cosmological model with fiducial linear galaxy bias. Our measurement lays the foundation for lensing cross-correlation science with current ACT data and beyond.

Published
2020

10. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Weighing Distant Clusters with the Most Ancient Light

Author

Madhavacheril, MS, Sifón, C, Battaglia, N, Aiola, S, Amodeo, S, Austermann, JE, Beall, JA, Becker, DT, Richard Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Choi, SK, Denison, EV, Devlin, MJ, Dicker, SR, Duff, SM, Duivenvoorden, AJ, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Ferraro, S, Gallardo, PA, Guan, Y, Han, D, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Koopman, BJ, Kosowsky, A, van Lanen, J, Lee, E, Louis, T, MacInnis, A, McMahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Qu, FJ, Robertson, NC, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, BL, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, BD, Simon, SM, Spergel, DN, Staggs, S, Storer, ER, Ullom, JN, Vale, LR, van Engelen, A, Vavagiakis, EM, Wollack, EJ, and Xu, Z

Subjects
astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.GA, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

We use gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) to measure the mass of the most distant blindly selected sample of galaxy clusters on which a lensing measurement has been performed to date. In CMB data from the the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and the Planck satellite, we detect the stacked lensing effect from 677 near-infrared-selected galaxy clusters from the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS), which have a mean redshift of zñ = 1.08. There are currently no representative optical weak lensing measurements of clusters that match the distance and average mass of this sample. We detect the lensing signal with a significance of 4.2s. We model the signal with a halo model framework to find the mean mass of the population from which these clusters are drawn. Assuming that the clusters follow Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) density profiles, we infer a mean mass of M500cñ = (1.7 + 0.4) ´ 1014 M*. We consider systematic uncertainties from cluster redshift errors, centering errors, and the shape of the NFW profile. These are all smaller than 30% of our reported uncertainty. This work highlights the potential of CMB lensing to enable cosmological constraints from the abundance of distant clusters populating ever larger volumes of the observable universe, beyond the capabilities of optical weak lensing measurements.

Published
2020

11. Measurements of B-mode polarization of the cosmic microwave background from 500 square degrees of SPTpol data

Author

Sayre, JT, Reichardt, CL, Henning, JW, Ade, PAR, Anderson, AJ, Austermann, JE, Avva, JS, Beall, JA, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Carlstrom, JE, Chang, CL, Chaubal, P, Chiang, HC, Citron, R, Moran, C Corbett, Crawford, TM, Crites, AT, de Haan, T, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Gallicchio, J, George, EM, Gilbert, A, Gupta, N, Halverson, NW, Harrington, N, Hilton, GC, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hrubes, JD, Huang, N, Hubmayr, J, Irwin, KD, Knox, L, Lee, AT, Li, D, Lowitz, A, McMahon, JJ, Meyer, SS, Mocanu, LM, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nibarger, JP, Noble, G, Novosad, V, Padin, S, Patil, S, Pryke, C, Ruhl, JE, Saliwanchik, BR, Schaffer, KK, Sievers, C, Smecher, G, Stark, AA, Tucker, C, Vanderlinde, K, Veach, T, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Wu, WLK, and Yefremenko, V

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

We report a B-mode power spectrum measurement from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization anisotropy observations made using the SPTpol instrument on the South Pole Telescope. This work uses 500 deg2 of SPTpol data, a five-fold increase over the last SPTpol B-mode release. As a result, the bandpower uncertainties have been reduced by more than a factor of two, and the measurement extends to lower multipoles: 52< 320.

Published
2020

12. The SPTpol Extended Cluster Survey

Author

Bleem, LE, Bocquet, S, Stalder, B, Gladders, MD, Ade, PAR, Allen, SW, Anderson, AJ, Annis, J, Ashby, MLN, Austermann, JE, Avila, S, Avva, JS, Bayliss, M, Beall, JA, Bechtol, K, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bertin, E, Bianchini, F, Blake, C, Brodwin, M, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, DL, Carlstrom, JE, Rosell, A Carnero, Kind, M Carrasco, Carretero, J, Chang, CL, Chiang, HC, Citron, R, Moran, C Corbett, Costanzi, M, Crawford, TM, Crites, AT, da Costa, LN, de Haan, T, De Vicente, J, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Dobbs, MA, Eifler, TF, Everett, W, Flaugher, B, Floyd, B, Frieman, J, Gallicchio, J, García-Bellido, J, George, EM, Gerdes, DW, Gilbert, A, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gupta, N, Gutierrez, G, Halverson, NW, Harrington, N, Henning, JW, Heymans, C, Holder, GP, Hollowood, DL, Holzapfel, WL, Honscheid, K, Hrubes, JD, Huang, N, Hubmayr, J, Irwin, KD, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Joudaki, S, Khullar, G, Klein, M, Knox, L, Kuropatkin, N, Lee, AT, Li, D, Lidman, C, Lowitz, A, MacCrann, N, Mahler, G, Maia, MAG, Marshall, JL, McDonald, M, McMahon, JJ, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Meyer, SS, Miquel, R, Mocanu, LM, Mohr, JJ, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nibarger, JP, Noble, G, Novosad, V, Padin, S, and Palmese, A

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences
Abstract

We describe the observations and resultant galaxy cluster catalog from the 2770 deg2 SPTpol Extended Cluster Survey (SPT-ECS). Clusters are identified via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect and confirmed with a combination of archival and targeted follow-up data, making particular use of data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). With incomplete follow-up we have confirmed as clusters 244 of 266 candidates at a detection significance ξ ≥ 5 and an additional 204 systems at 4 < ξ < 5. The confirmed sample has a median mass of M500c ~ 4.4 ´ 1014 M☉ h70 -1 and a median redshift of z = 0.49, and we have identified 44 strong gravitational lenses in the sample thus far. Radio data are used to characterize contamination to the SZ signal; the median contamination for confirmed clusters is predicted to be ∼1% of the SZ signal at the ξ > 4 threshold, and 10% of their measured SZ flux. We associate SZ-selected clusters, from both SPT-ECS and the SPT-SZ survey, with clusters from the DES redMaPPer sample, and we find an offset distribution between the SZ center and central galaxy in general agreement with previous work, though with a larger fraction of clusters with significant offsets. Adopting a fixed Planck-like cosmology, we measure the optical richness-SZ mass (l - M) relation and find it to be 28% shallower than that from a weak-lensing analysis of the DES data-a difference significant at the 4σ level-with the relations intersecting at λ = 60. The SPT-ECS cluster sample will be particularly useful for studying the evolution of massive clusters and, in combination with DES lensing observations and the SPT-SZ cluster sample, will be an important component of future cosmological analyses.

Published
2020

13. Galaxy Clusters Selected via the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect in the SPTpol 100-square-degree Survey

Author

Huang, N, Bleem, LE, Stalder, B, Ade, PAR, Allen, SW, Anderson, AJ, Austermann, JE, Avva, JS, Beall, JA, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bocquet, S, Brodwin, M, Carlstrom, JE, Chang, CL, Chiang, HC, Citron, R, Moran, C Corbett, Crawford, TM, Crites, AT, de Haan, T, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Floyd, B, Gallicchio, J, George, EM, Gilbert, A, Gladders, MD, Guns, S, Gupta, N, Halverson, NW, Harrington, N, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hrubes, JD, Hubmayr, J, Irwin, KD, Khullar, G, Knox, L, Lee, AT, Li, D, Lowitz, A, McDonald, M, McMahon, JJ, Meyer, SS, Mocanu, LM, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nibarger, JP, Noble, G, Novosad, V, Padin, S, Patil, S, Pryke, C, Reichardt, CL, Ruhl, JE, Saliwanchik, BR, Saro, A, Sayre, JT, Schaffer, KK, Sharon, K, Sievers, C, Smecher, G, Stark, AA, Story, KT, Tucker, C, Vanderlinde, K, Veach, T, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Wu, WLK, and Yefremenko, V

Subjects
Space Sciences, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract

We present a catalog of galaxy cluster candidates detected in 100 square degrees surveyed with the SPTpol receiver on the South Pole Telescope. The catalog contains 89 candidates detected with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 4.6. The candidates are selected using the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect at 95 and 150 GHz. Using both space- and ground-based optical and infrared telescopes, we have confirmed 81 candidates as galaxy clusters. We use these follow-up images and archival images to estimate photometric redshifts for 66 galaxy clusters and spectroscopic observations to obtain redshifts for 13 systems. An additional two galaxy clusters are confirmed using the overdensity of near-infrared galaxies only and are presented without redshifts. We find that 15 candidates (18% of the total sample) are at redshift z ≥ 1.0, with a maximum confirmed redshift of zmax = 1.38 ± 0.10. We expect this catalog to contain every galaxy cluster with M500c = 2.6 ×1014M⊙ h70-1 and z > 0.25 in the survey area. The mass threshold is approximately constant above z = 0.25, and the complete catalog has a median mass of approximately M500c = 2.7 ×1014M⊙ h70-1. Compared to previous SPT works, the increased depth of the millimeter-wave data (11.2 and 6.5 μK-arcmin at 95 and 150 GHz, respectively) makes it possible to find more galaxy clusters at high redshift and lower mass.

Published
2020

14. Constraints on Cosmological Parameters from the 500 deg2 SPTPOL Lensing Power Spectrum

Author

Bianchini, F, Wu, WLK, Ade, PAR, Anderson, AJ, Austermann, JE, Avva, JS, Beall, JA, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bleem, LE, Carlstrom, JE, Chang, CL, Chaubal, P, Chiang, HC, Citron, R, Moran, C Corbett, Crawford, TM, Crites, AT, de Haan, T, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Gallicchio, J, George, EM, Gilbert, A, Gupta, N, Halverson, NW, Harrington, N, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hrubes, JD, Huang, N, Hubmayr, J, Irwin, KD, Knox, L, Lee, AT, Li, D, Lowitz, A, Manzotti, A, McMahon, JJ, Meyer, SS, Millea, M, Mocanu, LM, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nibarger, JP, Noble, G, Novosad, V, Omori, Y, Padin, S, Patil, S, Pryke, C, Reichardt, CL, Ruhl, JE, Saliwanchik, BR, Sayre, JT, Schaffer, KK, Sievers, C, Simard, G, Smecher, G, Stark, AA, Story, KT, Tucker, C, Vanderlinde, K, Veach, T, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, and Yefremenko, V

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We present cosmological constraints based on the cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing potential power spectrum measurement from the recent 500 deg2 SPTpol survey, the most precise CMB lensing measurement from the ground to date. We fit a flat ΛCDM model to the reconstructed lensing power spectrum alone and in addition with other data sets: baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO), as well as primary CMB spectra from Planck and SPTpol. The cosmological constraints based on SPTpol and Planck lensing band powers are in good agreement when analyzed alone and in combination with Planck full-sky primary CMB data. With weak priors on the baryon density and other parameters, the SPTpol CMB lensing data alone provide a 4% constraint on. Jointly fitting with BAO data, we find away from the central values preferred by Planck lensing + BAO. However, we recover good agreement between SPTpol and Planck when restricting the analysis to similar scales. We also consider single-parameter extensions to the flat ΛCDM model. The SPTpol lensing spectrum constrains the spatial curvature to be and the sum of the neutrino masses to be eV at 95% C.L. (with Planck primary CMB and BAO data), in good agreement with the Planck lensing results. With the differences in the signal-to-noise ratio of the lensing modes and the angular scales covered in the lensing spectra, this analysis represents an important independent check on the full-sky Planck lensing measurement.

Published
2020

15. Fractional Polarisation of Extragalactic Sources in the 500-square-degree SPTpol Survey

Author

Gupta, N, Reichardt, CL, Ade, PAR, Anderson, AJ, Archipley, M, Austermann, JE, Avva, JS, Beall, JA, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Carlstrom, JE, Chang, CL, Chiang, HC, Citron, R, Moran, C Corbett, Crawford, TM, Crites, AT, de Haan, T, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Feng, C, Gallicchio, J, George, EM, Gilbert, A, Halverson, NW, Harrington, N, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hou, Z, Hrubes, JD, Huang, N, Hubmayr, J, Irwin, KD, Knox, L, Lee, AT, Li, D, Lowitz, A, Luong-Van, D, Marrone, DP, McMahon, JJ, Meyer, SS, Mocanu, LM, Mohr, JJ, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nibarger, JP, Noble, GI, Novosad, V, Padin, S, Patil, S, Pryke, C, Ruhl, JE, Saliwanchik, BR, Sayre, JT, Schaffer, KK, Shirokoff, E, Sievers, C, Smecher, G, Staniszewski, Z, Stark, AA, Story, KT, Switzer, ER, Tucker, C, Vanderlinde, K, Veach, T, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Williamson, R, Wu, WLK, Yefremenko, V, and Zhang, L

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, polarization, galaxies: active, cosmology: observations, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We study the polarization properties of extragalactic sources at 95 and 150 GHz in the SPTpol 500 deg2 survey. We estimate the polarized power by stacking maps at known source positions, and correct for noise bias by subtracting the mean polarized power at random positions in the maps. We show that the method is unbiased using a set of simulated maps with similar noise properties to the real SPTpol maps. We find a flux-weighted mean-squared polarization fraction 〈p2〉= [8.9 ± 1.1] × 10−4 at 95 GHz and [6.9 ± 1.1] × 10−4 at 150 GHz for the full sample. This is consistent with the values obtained for a subsample of active galactic nuclei. For dusty sources, we find 95 per cent upper limits of 〈p2〉95 < 16.9 × 10−3 and 〈p2〉150 < 2.6 × 10−3. We find no evidence that the polarization fraction depends on the source flux or observing frequency. The 1σ upper limit on measured mean-squared polarization fraction at 150 GHz implies that extragalactic foregrounds will be subdominant to the CMB E and B mode polarization power spectra out to at least ℓ ≲ 5700 (ℓ ≲ 4700) and ℓ ≲ 5300 (ℓ ≲ 3600), respectively, at 95 (150) GHz.

Published
2019

16. Fractional polarization of extragalactic sources in the 500 deg2 SPTpol survey

Author

Gupta, N, Reichardt, CL, Ade, PAR, Anderson, AJ, Archipley, M, Austermann, JE, Avva, JS, Beall, JA, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Carlstrom, JE, Chang, CL, Chiang, HC, Citron, R, Corbett Moran, C, Crawford, TM, Crites, AT, de Haan, T, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Feng, C, Gallicchio, J, George, EM, Gilbert, A, Halverson, NW, Harrington, N, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hou, Z, Hrubes, JD, Huang, N, Hubmayr, J, Irwin, KD, Knox, L, Lee, AT, Li, D, Lowitz, A, Luong-Van, D, Marrone, DP, McMahon, JJ, Meyer, SS, Mocanu, LM, Mohr, JJ, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nibarger, JP, Noble, GI, Novosad, V, Padin, S, Patil, S, Pryke, C, Ruhl, JE, Saliwanchik, BR, Sayre, JT, Schaffer, KK, Shirokoff, E, Sievers, C, Smecher, G, Staniszewski, Z, Stark, AA, Story, KT, Switzer, ER, Tucker, C, Vanderlinde, K, Veach, T, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Williamson, R, Wu, WLK, Yefremenko, V, and Zhang, L

Subjects
polarization, galaxies: active, cosmology: observations, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract

We study the polarization properties of extragalactic sources at 95 and 150 GHz in the SPTpol 500 deg2 survey. We estimate the polarized power by stacking maps at known source positions, and correct for noise bias by subtracting the mean polarized power at random positions in the maps. We show that the method is unbiased using a set of simulated maps with similar noise properties to the real SPTpol maps. We find a flux-weighted mean-squared polarization fraction 〈p2〉= [8.9 ± 1.1] × 10−4 at 95 GHz and [6.9 ± 1.1] × 10−4 at 150 GHz for the full sample. This is consistent with the values obtained for a subsample of active galactic nuclei. For dusty sources, we find 95 per cent upper limits of 〈p2〉95 < 16.9 × 10−3 and 〈p2〉150 < 2.6 × 10−3. We find no evidence that the polarization fraction depends on the source flux or observing frequency. The 1σ upper limit on measured mean-squared polarization fraction at 150 GHz implies that extragalactic foregrounds will be subdominant to the CMB E and B mode polarization power spectra out to at least ℓ ≲ 5700 (ℓ ≲ 4700) and ℓ ≲ 5300 (ℓ ≲ 3600), respectively, at 95 (150) GHz.

Published
2019

17. Detection of CMB-Cluster Lensing using Polarization Data from SPTpol

Author

Raghunathan, S, Patil, S, Baxter, E, Benson, BA, Bleem, LE, Crawford, TM, Holder, GP, McClintock, T, Reichardt, CL, Varga, TN, Whitehorn, N, Ade, PAR, Allam, S, Anderson, AJ, Austermann, JE, Avila, S, Avva, JS, Bacon, D, Beall, JA, Bender, AN, Bianchini, F, Bocquet, S, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Carlstrom, JE, Carretero, J, Castander, FJ, Chang, CL, Chiang, HC, Citron, R, Costanzi, M, Crites, AT, da Costa, LN, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Dobbs, MA, Doel, P, Everett, S, Evrard, AE, Feng, C, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, Gallicchio, J, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, George, EM, Giannantonio, T, Gilbert, A, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gupta, N, Gutierrez, G, de Haan, T, Halverson, NW, Harrington, N, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Hollowood, DL, Holzapfel, WL, Honscheid, K, Hrubes, JD, Huang, N, Hubmayr, J, Irwin, KD, Jeltema, T, Kind, M Carrasco, Knox, L, Kuropatkin, N, Lahav, O, Lee, AT, Li, D, Lima, M, Lowitz, A, Maia, MAG, Marshall, JL, McMahon, JJ, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Meyer, SS, Miquel, R, Mocanu, LM, Mohr, JJ, Montgomery, J, Moran, C Corbett, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nibarger, JP, Noble, G, Novosad, V, Ogando, RLC, Padin, S, Plazas, AA, Pryke, C, Rapetti, D, Romer, AK, Roodman, A, Rosell, A Carnero, and Rozo, E

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, SPTpol and DES Collaboration, astro-ph.CO, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract

We report the first detection of gravitational lensing due to galaxy clusters using only the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The lensing signal is obtained using a new estimator that extracts the lensing dipole signature from stacked images formed by rotating the cluster-centered Stokes QU map cutouts along the direction of the locally measured background CMB polarization gradient. Using data from the SPTpol 500  deg^{2} survey at the locations of roughly 18 000 clusters with richness λ≥10 from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year-3 full galaxy cluster catalog, we detect lensing at 4.8σ. The mean stacked mass of the selected sample is found to be (1.43±0.40)×10^{14}M_{⊙} which is in good agreement with optical weak lensing based estimates using DES data and CMB-lensing based estimates using SPTpol temperature data. This measurement is a key first step for cluster cosmology with future low-noise CMB surveys, like CMB-S4, for which CMB polarization will be the primary channel for cluster lensing measurements.

Published
2019

18. A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Lensing Potential and Power Spectrum from 500 deg2 of SPTpol Temperature and Polarization Data

Author

Wu, WLK, Mocanu, LM, Ade, PAR, Anderson, AJ, Austermann, JE, Avva, JS, Beall, JA, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bianchini, F, Bleem, LE, Carlstrom, JE, Chang, CL, Chiang, HC, Citron, R, Moran, C Corbett, Crawford, TM, Crites, AT, de Haan, T, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Gallicchio, J, George, EM, Gilbert, A, Gupta, N, Halverson, NW, Harrington, N, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hou, Z, Hrubes, JD, Huang, N, Hubmayr, J, Irwin, KD, Knox, L, Lee, AT, Li, D, Lowitz, A, Manzotti, A, McMahon, JJ, Meyer, SS, Millea, M, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nibarger, JP, Noble, GI, Novosad, V, Omori, Y, Padin, S, Patil, S, Pryke, C, Reichardt, CL, Ruhl, JE, Saliwanchik, BR, Sayre, JT, Schaffer, KK, Sievers, C, Simard, G, Smecher, G, Stark, AA, Story, KT, Tucker, C, Vanderlinde, K, Veach, T, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, and Yefremenko, V

Subjects
Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, cosmology: cosmic background radiation, large-scale structure of the universe, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We present a measurement of the cosmic microwave background lensing potential using 500 deg2 of 150 GHz data from the SPTpol receiver on the South Pole Telescope. The lensing potential is reconstructed with signal-to-noise per mode greater than unity at lensing multipoles L ≲ 250, using a quadratic estimator on a combination of cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization maps. We report measurements of the lensing potential power spectrum in the multipole range of 100 < L < 2000 from sets of temperature-only (T), polarization-only (POL), and minimum-variance (MV) estimators. We measure the lensing amplitude by taking the ratio of the measured spectrum to the expected spectrum from the best-fit Λ cold dark matter model to the Planck 2015 TT + low P + lensing data set. For the minimum-variance estimator, we find =0.944 0.025 (Sys.) SRC=restricting to only polarization data, we find POL=0.906\pm 0.090 0.040. Considering statistical uncertainties alone, this is the most precise polarization-only lensing amplitude constraint to date (10.1σ) and is more precise than our temperature-only constraint. We perform null tests and consistency checks and find no evidence for significant contamination.

Published
2019

19. Mass Calibration of Optically Selected DES Clusters Using a Measurement of CMB-cluster Lensing with SPTpol Data

Author

Raghunathan, S, Patil, S, Baxter, E, Benson, BA, Bleem, LE, Chou, TL, Crawford, TM, Holder, GP, McClintock, T, Reichardt, CL, Rozo, E, Varga, TN, Abbott, TMC, Ade, PAR, Allam, S, Anderson, AJ, Annis, J, Austermann, JE, Avila, S, Beall, JA, Bechtol, K, Bender, AN, Bernstein, G, Bertin, E, Bianchini, F, Brooks, D, Burke, DL, Carlstrom, JE, Carretero, J, Chang, CL, Chiang, HC, Cho, H-M, Citron, R, Crites, AT, Cunha, CE, da Costa, LN, Davis, C, Desai, S, Diehl, HT, Dietrich, JP, Dobbs, MA, Doel, P, Eifler, TF, Everett, W, Evrard, AE, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Frieman, J, Gallicchio, J, García-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, George, EM, Gilbert, A, Gruen, D, Gruendl, RA, Gschwend, J, Gupta, N, Gutierrez, G, de Haan, T, Halverson, NW, Harrington, N, Hartley, WG, Henning, JW, Hilton, GC, Hollowood, DL, Holzapfel, WL, Honscheid, K, Hou, Z, Hoyle, B, Hrubes, JD, Huang, N, Hubmayr, J, Irwin, KD, James, DJ, Jeltema, T, Kim, AG, Kind, M Carrasco, Knox, L, Kovacs, A, Kuehn, K, Kuropatkin, N, Lee, AT, Li, TS, Lima, M, Maia, MAG, Marshall, JL, McMahon, JJ, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Meyer, SS, Miller, CJ, Miquel, R, Mocanu, L, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nibarger, JP, Novosad, V, Padin, S, and Plazas, AA

Subjects
Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, cosmic background radiation, galaxies: clusters: general, gravitational lensing: weak, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We use cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature maps from the 500 deg 2 SPTpol survey to measure the stacked lensing convergence of galaxy clusters from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year-3 redMaPPer (RM) cluster catalog. The lensing signal is extracted through a modified quadratic estimator designed to be unbiased by the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect. The modified estimator uses a tSZ-free map, constructed from the SPTpol 95 and 150 GHz data sets, to estimate the background CMB gradient. For lensing reconstruction, we employ two versions of the RM catalog: a flux-limited sample containing 4003 clusters and a volume-limited sample with 1741 clusters. We detect lensing at a significance of 8.7σ(6.7σ) with the flux (volume)-limited sample. By modeling the reconstructed convergence using the Navarro-Frenk-White profile, we find the average lensing masses to be M 200m = (1.62 -0.25+0.32 [stat] ± 0.04 [sys.]) and (1.28 -0.18+0.14 [stat] ± 0.03[sys.])× 10 14 M ⊙ for the volume- and flux-limited samples, respectively. The systematic error budget is much smaller than the statistical uncertainty and is dominated by the uncertainties in the RM cluster centroids. We use the volume-limited sample to calibrate the normalization of the mass-richness scaling relation, and find a result consistent with the galaxy weak-lensing measurements from DES.

Published
2019

20. Measurements of the Temperature and E-mode Polarization of the CMB from 500 Square Degrees of SPTpol Data

Author

Henning, JW, Sayre, JT, Reichardt, CL, Ade, PAR, Anderson, AJ, Austermann, JE, Beall, JA, Bender, AN, Benson, BA, Bleem, LE, Carlstrom, JE, Chang, CL, Chiang, HC, Cho, H-M, Citron, R, Moran, C Corbett, Crawford, TM, Crites, AT, de Haan, T, Dobbs, MA, Everett, W, Gallicchio, J, George, EM, Gilbert, A, Halverson, NW, Harrington, N, Hilton, GC, Holder, GP, Holzapfel, WL, Hoover, S, Hou, Z, Hrubes, JD, Huang, N, Hubmayr, J, Irwin, KD, Keisler, R, Knox, L, Lee, AT, Leitch, EM, Li, D, Lowitz, A, Manzotti, A, McMahon, JJ, Meyer, SS, Mocanu, L, Montgomery, J, Nadolski, A, Natoli, T, Nibarger, JP, Novosad, V, Padin, S, Pryke, C, Ruhl, JE, Saliwanchik, BR, Schaffer, KK, Sievers, C, Smecher, G, Stark, AA, Story, KT, Tucker, C, Vanderlinde, K, Veach, T, Vieira, JD, Wang, G, Whitehorn, N, Wu, WLK, and Yefremenko, V

Subjects
Astronomical Sciences, Physical Sciences, cosmic background radiation, cosmological parameters, cosmology: observations, polarization, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics, Space sciences
Abstract

We present measurements of the E-mode polarization angular auto-power spectrum (EE) and temperature-E-mode cross-power spectrum (TE) of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) using 150 GHz data from three seasons of SPTpol observations. We report the power spectra over the spherical harmonic multipole range 50 < ℓ ≤ 8000 and detect nine acoustic peaks in the EE spectrum with high signal-to-noise ratio. These measurements are the most sensitive to date of the EE and TE power spectra at ℓ > 1050 and ℓ > 1475, respectively. The observations cover 500 , a fivefold increase in area compared to previous SPTpol analyses, which increases our sensitivity to the photon diffusion damping tail of the CMB power spectra enabling tighter constraints on ΛCDM model extensions. After masking all sources with unpolarized flux mJy, we place a 95% confidence upper limit on residual polarized point-source power of at Dℓ = ℓ(ℓ+1)ℓℓ/2π < 0.107 μK2 at ℓ = 3000, suggesting that the EE damping tail dominates foregrounds to at least ℓ= 4050 with modest source masking. We find that the SPTpol data set is in mild tension with the ΛCDM model (2.1 δ), and different data splits prefer parameter values that differ at the ∼ 1 δ level. When fitting SPTpol data at ℓ < 1000, we find cosmological parameter constraints consistent with those for Planck temperature. Including SPTpol data at ℓ> 1000 results in a preference for a higher value of the expansion rate (H071.3 ± 2.1 Km s-1 Mpc-1) and a lower value for present-day density fluctuations (δ8 =0.77 ±0.02).

Published
2018

21. PICO - The probe of inflation and cosmic origins

Author

Sutin, BM, Alvarez, M, Battaglia, N, Bock, J, Bonato, M, Borrill, J, Chuss, DT, Cooperrider, J, Crill, B, Delabrouille, J, Devlin, M, Essinger-Hileman, T, Fissel, L, Flauger, R, Gorski, K, Green, D, Hanany, S, Hubmayr, J, Johnson, B, Jones, WC, Knox, L, Kogut, A, Lawrence, C, McMahon, J, Matsumura, T, Negrello, M, O'Brient, R, Paine, C, Pryke, C, Shirron, P, Trangsrud, A, Wen, Q, Young, K, and De Zotti, G

Subjects
cosmic microwave background, polarization, space mission, bolometers, cryocooling, B-modes, probe-class, astro-ph.IM, astro-ph.CO
Abstract

The Probe of Inflation and Cosmic Origins (PICO) is a NASA-funded study of a Probe-class mission concept. The toplevel science objectives are to probe the physics of the Big Bang by measuring or constraining the energy scale of inflation, probe fundamental physics by measuring the number of light particles in the Universe and the sum of neutrino masses, to measure the reionization history of the Universe, and to understand the mechanisms driving the cosmic star formation history, and the physics of the galactic magnetic field. PICO would have multiple frequency bands between 21 and 799 GHz, and would survey the entire sky, producing maps of the polarization of the cosmic microwave background radiation, of galactic dust, of synchrotron radiation, and of various populations of point sources. Several instrument configurations, optical systems, cooling architectures, and detector and readout technologies have been and continue to be considered in the development of the mission concept. We will present a snapshot of the baseline mission concept currently under development.

Published
2018

22. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Two-season ACTPol spectra and parameters

Author

Louis, T, Grace, E, Hasselfield, M, Lungu, M, Maurin, L, Addison, GE, Ade, PAR, Aiola, S, Allison, R, Amiri, M, Angile, E, Battaglia, N, Beall, JA, De Bernardis, F, Bond, JR, Britton, J, Calabrese, E, Cho, HM, Choi, SK, Coughlin, K, Crichton, D, Crowley, K, Datta, R, Devlin, MJ, Dicker, SR, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Ferraro, S, Fox, AE, Gallardo, P, Gralla, M, Halpern, M, Henderson, S, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hincks, AD, Hlozek, R, Patty Ho, SP, Huang, Z, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, KM, Hughes, JP, Infante, L, Irwin, K, Kasanda, SM, Klein, J, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Li, D, Madhavacheril, M, Marriage, TA, McMahon, J, Menanteau, F, Moodley, K, Munson, C, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, J, Niemack, MD, Nolta, MR, Nuñez, C, Page, LA, Pappas, C, Partridge, B, Rojas, F, Schaan, E, Schmitt, BL, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, BD, Sievers, J, Simon, S, Spergel, DN, Staggs, ST, Switzer, ER, Thornton, R, Trac, H, Treu, J, Tucker, C, Engelen, AV, Ward, JT, and Wollack, EJ

Subjects
CMBR experiments, CMBR polarisation, cosmological parameters from CMBR, astro-ph.CO, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra measured by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter (ACTPol). We analyze night-time data collected during 2013-14 using two detector arrays at 149 GHz, from 548 deg2 of sky on the celestial equator. We use these spectra, and the spectra measured with the MBAC camera on ACT from 2008-10, in combination with planck and wmap data to estimate cosmological parameters from the temperature, polarization, and temperature-polarization cross-correlations. We find the new ACTPol data to be consistent with the ΛCDM model. The ACTPol temperature-polarization cross-spectrum now provides stronger constraints on multiple parameters than the ACTPol temperature spectrum, including the baryon density, the acoustic peak angular scale, and the derived Hubble constant. The new ACTPol data provide information on damping tail parameters. The joint uncertainty on the number of neutrino species and the primordial helium fraction is reduced by 20% when adding ACTPol to Planck temperature data alone.

Published
2017

23. Detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect with BOSS DR11 and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope

Author

Bernardis, FD, Aiola, S, Vavagiakis, EM, Battaglia, N, Niemack, MD, Beall, J, Becker, DT, Bond, JR, Calabrese, E, Cho, H, Coughlin, K, Datta, R, Devlin, M, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Fox, A, Gallardo, PA, Halpern, M, Hand, N, Hasselfield, M, Henderson, SW, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hincks, AD, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, JP, Irwin, KD, Koopman, BJ, Kosowsky, A, Li, D, Louis, T, Lungu, M, Madhavacheril, MS, Maurin, L, McMahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, JP, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Schaan, E, Schmitt, BL, Sehgal, N, Sievers, J, Simon, SM, Spergel, DN, Staggs, ST, Stevens, JR, Thornton, RJ, Engelen, AV, Lanen, JV, and Wollack, EJ

Subjects
CMBR experiments, galaxy surveys, hydrodynamical simulations, Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, astro-ph.CO, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

We present a new measurement of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect using data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). Using 600 square degrees of overlapping sky area, we evaluate the mean pairwise baryon momentum associated with the positions of 50,000 bright galaxies in the BOSS DR11 Large Scale Structure catalog. A non-zero signal arises from the large-scale motions of halos containing the sample galaxies. The data fits an analytical signal model well, with the optical depth to microwave photon scattering as a free parameter determining the overall signal amplitude. We estimate the covariance matrix of the mean pairwise momentum as a function of galaxy separation, using microwave sky simulations, jackknife evaluation, and bootstrap estimates. The most conservative simulation-based errors give signal-to-noise estimates between 3.6 and 4.1 for varying galaxy luminosity cuts. We discuss how the other error determinations can lead to higher signal-to-noise values, and consider the impact of several possible systematic errors. Estimates of the optical depth from the average thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signal at the sample galaxy positions are broadly consistent with those obtained from the mean pairwise momentum signal.

Published
2017

24. Detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect with BOSS DR11 and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope

Author

De Bernardis, F, Aiola, S, Vavagiakis, EM, Battaglia, N, Niemack, MD, Beall, J, Becker, DT, Bond, JR, Calabrese, E, Cho, H, Coughlin, K, Datta, R, Devlin, M, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Fox, A, Gallardo, PA, Halpern, M, Hand, N, Hasselfield, M, Henderson, SW, Hill, JC, Hilton, GC, Hilton, M, Hincks, AD, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, JP, Irwin, KD, Koopman, BJ, Kosowsky, A, Li, D, Louis, T, Lungu, M, Madhavacheril, MS, Maurin, L, McMahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, JP, Page, LA, Partridge, B, Schaan, E, Schmitt, BL, Sehgal, N, Sievers, J, Simon, SM, Spergel, DN, Staggs, ST, Stevens, JR, Thornton, RJ, van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, and Wollack, EJ

Subjects
CMBR experiments, galaxy surveys, hydrodynamical simulations, Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract

We present a new measurement of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect using data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). Using 600 square degrees of overlapping sky area, we evaluate the mean pairwise baryon momentum associated with the positions of 50,000 bright galaxies in the BOSS DR11 Large Scale Structure catalog. A non-zero signal arises from the large-scale motions of halos containing the sample galaxies. The data fits an analytical signal model well, with the optical depth to microwave photon scattering as a free parameter determining the overall signal amplitude. We estimate the covariance matrix of the mean pairwise momentum as a function of galaxy separation, using microwave sky simulations, jackknife evaluation, and bootstrap estimates. The most conservative simulation-based errors give signal-to-noise estimates between 3.6 and 4.1 for varying galaxy luminosity cuts. We discuss how the other error determinations can lead to higher signal-to-noise values, and consider the impact of several possible systematic errors. Estimates of the optical depth from the average thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signal at the sample galaxy positions are broadly consistent with those obtained from the mean pairwise momentum signal.

Published
2017

25. Evidence for the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and velocity reconstruction from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey

Author

Schaan, E, Ferraro, S, Vargas-Magaña, M, Smith, KM, Ho, S, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Bond, JR, De Bernardis, F, Calabrese, E, Cho, HM, Devlin, MJ, Dunkley, J, Gallardo, PA, Hasselfield, M, Henderson, S, Hill, JC, Hincks, AD, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Hughes, JP, Irwin, KD, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Li, D, Louis, T, Lungu, M, Madhavacheril, M, Maurin, L, McMahon, JJ, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, MD, Page, LA, Pappas, CG, Partridge, B, Schmitt, BL, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, BD, Sievers, JL, Spergel, DN, Staggs, ST, Van Engelen, A, and Wollack, EJ

Subjects
astro-ph.CO
Abstract

We use microwave temperature maps from two seasons of data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope at 146 GHz, together with the "Constant Mass" CMASS galaxy sample from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey to measure the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect over the redshift range z=0.4-0.7. We use galaxy positions and the continuity equation to obtain a reconstruction of the line-of-sight velocity field. We stack the microwave temperature at the location of each halo, weighted by the corresponding reconstructed velocity. We vary the size of the aperture photometry filter used, thus probing the free electron profile of these halos from within the virial radius out to three virial radii, on the scales relevant for investigating the missing baryons problem. The resulting best fit kSZ model is preferred over the no-kSZ hypothesis at 3.3 and 2.9σ for two independent velocity reconstruction methods, using 25,537 galaxies over 660 square degrees. The data suggest that the baryon profile is shallower than the dark matter in the inner regions of the halos probed here, potentially due to energy injection from active galactic nucleus or supernovae. Thus, by constraining the gas profile on a wide range of scales, this technique will be useful for understanding the role of feedback in galaxy groups and clusters. The effect of foregrounds that are uncorrelated with the galaxy velocities is expected to be well below our signal, and residual thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich contamination is controlled by masking the most massive clusters. Finally, we discuss the systematics involved in converting our measurement of the kSZ amplitude into the mean free electron fraction of the halos in our sample.

Published
2016

26. Inflation physics from the cosmic microwave background and large scale structure

Author

Abazajian, KN, Arnold, K, Austermann, J, Benson, BA, Bischoff, C, Bock, J, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Buder, I, Burke, DL, Calabrese, E, Carlstrom, JE, Carvalho, CS, Chang, CL, Chiang, HC, Church, S, Cooray, A, Crawford, TM, Crill, BP, Dawson, KS, Das, S, Devlin, MJ, Dobbs, M, Dodelson, S, Doré, O, Dunkley, J, Feng, JL, Fraisse, A, Gallicchio, J, Giddings, SB, Green, D, Halverson, NW, Hanany, S, Hanson, D, Hildebrandt, SR, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Holder, G, Holzapfel, WL, Honscheid, K, Horowitz, G, Hu, W, Hubmayr, J, Irwin, K, Jackson, M, Jones, WC, Kallosh, R, Kamionkowski, M, Keating, B, Keisler, R, Kinney, W, Knox, L, Komatsu, E, Kovac, J, Kuo, CL, Kusaka, A, Lawrence, C, Lee, AT, Leitch, E, Linde, A, Linder, E, Lubin, P, Maldacena, J, Martinec, E, McMahon, J, Miller, A, Mukhanov, V, Newburgh, L, Niemack, MD, Nguyen, H, Nguyen, HT, Page, L, Pryke, C, Reichardt, CL, Ruhl, JE, Sehgal, N, Seljak, U, Senatore, L, Sievers, J, Silverstein, E, Slosar, A, Smith, KM, Spergel, D, Staggs, ST, Stark, A, Stompor, R, Vieregg, AG, Wang, G, Watson, S, Wollack, EJ, Wu, WLK, Yoon, KW, Zahn, O, and Zaldarriaga, M

Subjects
Inflation, Cosmology, Early Universe, Cosmic Microwave Background, Large-scale Structure, astro-ph.CO, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract

Fluctuations in the intensity and polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the large-scale distribution of matter in the universe each contain clues about the nature of the earliest moments of time. The next generation of CMB and large-scale structure (LSS) experiments are poised to test the leading paradigm for these earliest moments-the theory of cosmic inflation-and to detect the imprints of the inflationary epoch, thereby dramatically increasing our understanding of fundamental physics and the early universe. A future CMB experiment with sufficient angular resolution and frequency coverage that surveys at least 1% of the sky to a depth of 1 uK-arcmin can deliver a constraint on the tensor-to-scalar ratio that will either result in a 5σ measurement of the energy scale of inflation or rule out all large-field inflation models, even in the presence of foregrounds and the gravitational lensing B-mode signal. LSS experiments, particularly spectroscopic surveys such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, will complement the CMB effort by improving current constraints on running of the spectral index by up to a factor of four, improving constraints on curvature by a factor of ten, and providing non-Gaussianity constraints that are competitive with the current CMB bounds.

Published
2015

27. Neutrino physics from the cosmic microwave background and large scale structure

Author

Abazajian, KN, Arnold, K, Austermann, J, Benson, BA, Bischoff, C, Bock, J, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Calabrese, E, Carlstrom, JE, Carvalho, CS, Chang, CL, Chiang, HC, Church, S, Cooray, A, Crawford, TM, Dawson, KS, Das, S, Devlin, MJ, Dobbs, M, Dodelson, S, Doré, O, Dunkley, J, Errard, J, Fraisse, A, Gallicchio, J, Halverson, NW, Hanany, S, Hildebrandt, SR, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Holder, G, Holzapfel, WL, Honscheid, K, Hu, W, Hubmayr, J, Irwin, K, Jones, WC, Kamionkowski, M, Keating, B, Keisler, R, Knox, L, Komatsu, E, Kovac, J, Kuo, CL, Lawrence, C, Lee, AT, Leitch, E, Linder, E, Lubin, P, McMahon, J, Miller, A, Newburgh, L, Niemack, MD, Nguyen, H, Nguyen, HT, Page, L, Pryke, C, Reichardt, CL, Ruhl, JE, Sehgal, N, Seljak, U, Sievers, J, Silverstein, E, Slosar, A, Smith, KM, Spergel, D, Staggs, ST, Stark, A, Stompor, R, Vieregg, AG, Wang, G, Watson, S, Wollack, EJ, Wu, WLK, Yoon, KW, and Zahn, O

Subjects
Neutrinos, Cosmology, Cosmic microwave background, Large scale structure, astro-ph.CO, hep-ph, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics
Abstract

This is a report on the status and prospects of the quantification of neutrino properties through the cosmological neutrino background for the Cosmic Frontier of the Division of Particles and Fields Community Summer Study long-term planning exercise. Experiments planned and underway are prepared to study the cosmological neutrino background in detail via its influence on distance-redshift relations and the growth of structure. The program for the next decade described in this document, including upcoming spectroscopic galaxy surveys eBOSS and DESI and a new Stage-IV CMB polarization experiment CMB-S4, will achieve σ(σmν) = 16 meV and σ(Neff) = 0.020. Such a mass measurement will produce a high significance detection of non-zero σmν, whose lower bound derived from atmospheric and solar neutrino oscillation data is about 58 meV. If neutrinos have a minimal normal mass hierarchy, this measurement will definitively rule out the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy, shedding light on one of the most puzzling aspects of the Standard Model of particle physics - the origin of mass. This precise a measurement of Neff will allow for high sensitivity to any light and dark degrees of freedom produced in the big bang and a precision test of the standard cosmological model prediction that Neff = 3.046.

Published
2015

28. Neutrino Physics from the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure

Author

Abazajian, K. N., Arnold, K., Austermann, J., Benson, B. A., Bischoff, C., Bock, J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Calabrese, E., Carlstrom, J. E., Carvalho, C. S., Chang, C. L., Chiang, H. C., Church, S., Cooray, A., Crawford, T. M., Dawson, K. S., Das, S., Devlin, M. J., Dobbs, M., Dodelson, S., Doré, O., Dunkley, J., Errard, J., Fraisse, A., Gallicchio, J., Halverson, N. W., Hanany, S., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hincks, A., Hlozek, R., Holder, G., Holzapfel, W. L., Honscheid, K., Hu, W., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K., Jones, W. C., Kamionkowski, M., Keating, B., Keisler, R., Knox, L., Komatsu, E., Kovac, J., Kuo, C.-L., Lawrence, C., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E., Linder, E., Lubin, P., McMahon, J., Miller, A., Newburgh, L., Niemack, M. D., Nguyen, H., Nguyen, H. T., Page, L., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Ruhl, J. E., Sehgal, N., Seljak, U., Sievers, J., Silverstein, E., Slosar, A., Smith, K. M., Spergel, D., Staggs, S. T., Stark, A., Stompor, R., Vieregg, A. G., Wang, G., Watson, S., Wollack, E. J., Wu, W. L. K., Yoon, K. W., Zahn, O., Department of Geological Sciences [BYU], Brigham Young University (BYU), Computing and Mathematical Sciences [Pasadena]], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique d'Orsay [Orsay] (LPT), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Lab of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Shanghai Jiao Tong University [Shanghai], AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Office National des Forêts (ONF), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), BAE Systems, McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], University of Minnesota System, Chengdu University of Technology (CDUT), National Institute of Standards and Technology [Gaithersburg] (NIST), Laboratoire de microbiologie, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics [Kansas], Kansas State University, APC - Gravitation (APC-Gravitation), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Laboratoire de physique et chimie des nano-objets (LPCNO), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie de Toulouse (ICT-FR 2599), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), OPALA (Omnipresent and Pervasive Systems Laboratory), Universidade Estadual do Piaui, HISPEC, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering [Taipei] (GIEE), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), University of Southern California (USC), Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapour, Department of Mathematics, Pedagogical University of Quynhon, Pedagogical University of Quynhon, Universitat Konstanz, University of Konstanz, Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System-Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, Department of Engineering Science and Ocean Engineering, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), McGill University, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-AP-HP Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche sur les Systèmes Atomiques et Moléculaires Complexes (IRSAMC)

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Large scale structure, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Atomic, Cosmic microwave background, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Particle and Plasma Physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear, Neutrinos, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Molecular, hep-ph, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Cosmology, 3. Good health, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], astro-ph.CO, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

This is a report on the status and prospects of the quantification of neutrino properties through the cosmological neutrino background for the Cosmic Frontier of the Division of Particles and Fields Community Summer Study long-term planning exercise. Experiments planned and underway are prepared to study the cosmological neutrino background in detail via its influence on distance-redshift relations and the growth of structure. The program for the next decade described in this document, including upcoming spectroscopic galaxy surveys eBOSS and DESI and a new Stage-IV CMB polarization experiment CMB-S4, will achieve sigma(sum m_nu) = 16 meV and sigma(N_eff) = 0.020. Such a mass measurement will produce a high significance detection of non-zero sum m_nu, whose lower bound derived from atmospheric and solar neutrino oscillation data is about 58 meV. If neutrinos have a minimal normal mass hierarchy, this measurement will definitively rule out the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy, shedding light on one of the most puzzling aspects of the Standard Model of particle physics --- the origin of mass. This precise a measurement of N_eff will allow for high sensitivity to any light and dark degrees of freedom produced in the big bang and a precision test of the standard cosmological model prediction that N_eff = 3.046., Comment: Report from the "Dark Energy and CMB" working group for the American Physical Society's Division of Particles and Fields long-term planning exercise ("Snowmass"); v3: references, discussion added; matching version accepted for publication in Astropart. Phys

Published
2013

29. Inflation Physics from the Cosmic Microwave Background and Large Scale Structure

Author

Abazajian, K. N., Arnold, K., Austermann, J., Benson, B. A., Bischoff, C., Bock, J., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., Buder, I., Burke, D. L., Calabrese, E., Carlstrom, J. E., Carvalho, C. S., Chang, C. L., Chiang, H. C., Church, S., Cooray, A., Crawford, T. M., Crill, B. P., Dawson, K. S., Das, S., Devlin, M. J., Dobbs, M., Dodelson, S., Doré, O., Dunkley, J., Feng, J. L., Fraisse, A., Gallicchio, J., Giddings, S. B., Green, D., Halverson, N. W., Hanany, S., Hanson, D., Hildebrandt, S. R., Hincks, A., Hlozek, R., Holder, G., Holzapfel, W. L., Honscheid, K., Horowitz, G., Hu, W., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K., Jackson, M., Jones, W. C., Kallosh, R., Kamionkowski, M., Keating, B., Keisler, R., Kinney, W., Knox, L., Komatsu, E., Kovac, J., Kuo, C.-L., Kusaka, A., Lawrence, C., Lee, A. T., Leitch, E., Linde, A., Linder, E., Lubin, P., Maldacena, J., Martinec, E., Mcmahon, J., Miller, A., Mukhanov, V., Newburgh, L., Niemack, M. D., Nguyen, H., Nguyen, H. T., Page, L., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Ruhl, J. E., Sehgal, N., Seljak, U., Senatore, L., Sievers, J., Silverstein, E., Slosar, A., Smith, K. M., Spergel, D., Staggs, S. T., Stark, A., Stompor, R., Vieregg, A. G., Wang, G., Watson, S., Wollack, E. J., Wu, W. L. K., Yoon, K. W., Zahn, O., Zaldarriaga, M., OPALA (Omnipresent and Pervasive Systems Laboratory), Universidade Estadual do Piaui, HISPEC, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering [Taipei] (GIEE), National Taiwan University [Taiwan] (NTU), Department of Immunology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Laboratoire de physique des interfaces et des couches minces [Palaiseau] (LPICM), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, Boston University [Boston] (BU), University of Southern California (USC), Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapour, Carnegie Institution for Science [Washington], School of Natural Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton University, University of Chicago, Laboratoire des Propriétés Mécaniques et Thermodynamiques des Matériaux (LPMTM), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Institut Galilée-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mathematics, Pedagogical University of Quynhon, Pedagogical University of Quynhon, Universitat Konstanz, University of Konstanz, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System-Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute, Department of Engineering Science and Ocean Engineering, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Galilée-Université Paris 13 (UP13), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Carnegie Institution for Science, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Inflation, Early Universe, Cosmology, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Particle and Plasma Physics, 13. Climate action, Cosmic Microwave Background, astro-ph.CO, Nuclear, Large-scale Structure, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Fluctuations in the intensity and polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the large-scale distribution of matter in the universe each contain clues about the nature of the earliest moments of time. The next generation of CMB and large-scale structure (LSS) experiments are poised to test the leading paradigm for these earliest moments---the theory of cosmic inflation---and to detect the imprints of the inflationary epoch, thereby dramatically increasing our understanding of fundamental physics and the early universe. A future CMB experiment with sufficient angular resolution and frequency coverage that surveys at least 1% of the sky to a depth of 1 uK-arcmin can deliver a constraint on the tensor-to-scalar ratio that will either result in a 5-sigma measurement of the energy scale of inflation or rule out all large-field inflation models, even in the presence of foregrounds and the gravitational lensing B-mode signal. LSS experiments, particularly spectroscopic surveys such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument, will complement the CMB effort by improving current constraints on running of the spectral index by up to a factor of four, improving constraints on curvature by a factor of ten, and providing non-Gaussianity constraints that are competitive with the current CMB bounds., Report from the "Dark Energy and CMB" working group for the American Physical Society's Division of Particles and Fields long-term planning exercise ("Snowmass"). Current version matches what will appear in the Snowmass 2013 issue of Astroparticle Physics

Published
2013

30. CMB-S4

Author

Collaboration, The CMB-S4, Abazajian, Kevork, Addison, Graeme E., Adshead, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Akerib, Daniel, Ali, Aamir, Allen, Steven W., Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo, Amin, Mustafa A., Anderson, Adam, Arnold, Kam S., Ashton, Peter, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Bard, Debbie, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Bartlett, James G., Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Battaglia, Nicholas, Bean, Rachel, Bebek, Chris, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Bianchini, Federico, Bischoff, Colin A., Bleem, Lindsey, Bock, James J., Bocquet, Sebastian, Boddy, Kimberly K., Bond, J. Richard, Borrill, Julian, Bouchet, François R., Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Bryan, Sean, Buza, Victor, Byrum, Karen, Caimapo, Carlos Hervias, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Caldwell, Robert, Carlstrom, John E., Carron, Julien, Cecil, Thomas, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Clarence L., Chinone, Yuji, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Cooray, Asantha, Coulton, Will, Crawford, Thomas M., Crites, Abigail, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, de Haan, Tijmen, Delabrouille, Jacques, Devlin, Mark, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Dierickx, Marion, Dobbs, Matt, Duff, Shannon, Dunkley, Jo, Dvorkin, Cora, Eimer, Joseph, Elleflot, Tucker, Errard, Josquin, Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey P., Flauger, Raphael, Flaugher, Brenna, Fraisse, Aurelien A., Frolov, Andrei, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galli, Silvia, Ganga, Ken, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Green, Daniel, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gualtieri, Riccardo, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Gullett, Ian, Gupta, Nikhel, Habib, Salman, Halpern, Mark, Halverson, Nils W., Hanany, Shaul, Harrington, Kathleen, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hazumi, Masashi, Heitmann, Katrin, Henderson, Shawn, Hensley, Brandon, Hill, Charles, Hill, J. Colin, Hlozek, Renée, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty, Hoang, Thuong, Holder, Gil, Holzapfel, William, Hood, John, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hui, Howard, Irwin, Kent, Jeong, Oliver, Johnson, Bradley R., Jones, William C., Kang, Jae Hwan, Karkare, Kirit S., Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Knox, Lloyd, Koopman, Brian J., Kosowsky, Arthur, Kovac, John, Kovetz, Ely D., Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lähteenmäki, Anne, Lawrence, Charles R., Lee, Adrian T., Lewis, Antony, Li, Dale, Linder, Eric, Loverde, Marilena, Lowitz, Amy, Lubin, Phil, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Mantz, Adam, Marques, Gabriela, Matsuda, Frederick, Mauskopf, Philip, McCarrick, Heather, McMahon, Jeffrey, Meerburg, P. Daniel, Melin, Jean-Baptiste, Menanteau, Felipe, Meyers, Joel, Millea, Marius, Mohr, Joseph, Moncelsi, Lorenzo, Monzani, Maria, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Nagy, Johanna, Namikawa, Toshiya, Nati, Federico, Natoli, Tyler, Newburgh, Laura, Niemack, Michael D., Nishino, Haruki, Nord, Brian, Novosad, Valentine, O'Brient, Roger, Padin, Stephen, Palladino, Steven, Partridge, Bruce, Petravick, Don, Pierpaoli, Elena, Pogosian, Levon, Prabhu, Karthik, Pryke, Clement, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Racine, Benjamin, Rahlin, Alexandra, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rocha, Graca, Roe, Natalie A., Roy, Anirban, Ruhl, John E., Salatino, Maria, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schillaci, Alessandro, Schmitt, Benjamin, Schmittfull, Marcel M., Scott, Douglas, Sehgal, Neelima, Shandera, Sarah, Sherwin, Blake D., Shirokoff, Erik, Simon, Sara M., Slosar, Anze, Spergel, David, Germaine, Tyler St., Staggs, Suzanne T., Stark, Antony, Starkman, Glenn D., Stompor, Radek, Stoughton, Chris, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Teply, Grant P., Thompson, Keith, Thorne, Ben, Timbie, Peter, Tomasi, Maurizio, Tristram, Matthieu, Tucker, Gregory, Umiltà, Caterina, van Engelen, Alexander, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vieira, Joaquin D., Vieregg, Abigail G., Wagoner, Kasey, Wallisch, Benjamin, Wang, Gensheng, Watson, Scott, Westbrook, Ben, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Yang, H. Y. Eric, Yasini, Siavash, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Yoon, Ki Won, Young, Edward, Yu, Cyndia, Zonca, Andrea, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CMB-S4, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G, Cosmic Frontier, Abazajian, K, Addison, G, Adshead, P, Ahmed, Z, Akerib, D, Ali, A, Allen, S, Alonso, D, Alvarez, M, Amin, M, Anderson, A, Arnold, K, Ashton, P, Baccigalupi, C, Bard, D, Barkats, D, Barron, D, Barry, P, Bartlett, J, Basu Thakur, R, Battaglia, N, Bean, R, Bebek, C, Bender, A, Benson, B, Bianchini, F, Bischoff, C, Bleem, L, Bock, J, Bocquet, S, Boddy, K, Richard Bond, J, Borrill, J, Bouchet, F, Brinckmann, T, Brown, M, Bryan, S, Buza, V, Byrum, K, Hervias Caimapo, C, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Caldwell, R, Carlstrom, J, Carron, J, Cecil, T, Challinor, A, Chang, C, Chinone, Y, Sherry Cho, H, Cooray, A, Coulton, W, Crawford, T, Crites, A, Cukierman, A, Cyr-Racine, F, De Haan, T, Delabrouille, J, Devlin, M, Di Valentino, E, Dierickx, M, Dobbs, M, Duff, S, Dvorkin, C, Eimer, J, Elleflot, T, Errard, J, Essinger-Hileman, T, Fabbian, G, Feng, C, Ferraro, S, Filippini, J, Flauger, R, Flaugher, B, Fraisse, A, Frolov, A, Galitzki, N, Gallardo, P, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Gerbino, M, Gluscevic, V, Goeckner-Wald, N, Green, D, Grin, D, Grohs, E, Gualtieri, R, Gudmundsson, J, Gullett, I, Gupta, N, Habib, S, Halpern, M, Halverson, N, Hanany, S, Harrington, K, Hasegawa, M, Hasselfield, M, Hazumi, M, Heitmann, K, Henderson, S, Hensley, B, Hill, C, Colin Hill, J, Hlozek, R, Patty Ho, S, Hoang, T, Holder, G, Holzapfel, W, Hood, J, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hui, H, Irwin, K, Jeong, O, Johnson, B, Jones, W, Hwan Kang, J, Karkare, K, Katayama, N, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Knox, L, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Kovac, J, Kovetz, E, Kuhlmann, S, Kuo, C, Kusaka, A, Lahteenmaki, A, Lawrence, C, Lee, A, Lewis, A, Li, D, Linder, E, Loverde, M, Lowitz, A, Lubin, P, Madhavacheril, M, Mantz, A, Marques, G, Matsuda, F, Mauskopf, P, Mccarrick, H, Mcmahon, J, Daniel Meerburg, P, Melin, J, Menanteau, F, Meyers, J, Millea, M, Mohr, J, Moncelsi, L, Monzani, M, Mroczkowski, T, Mukherjee, S, Nagy, J, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Natoli, T, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Nishino, H, Nord, B, Novosad, V, O'Brient, R, Padin, S, Palladino, S, Partridge, B, Petravick, D, Pierpaoli, E, Pogosian, L, Prabhu, K, Pryke, C, Puglisi, G, Racine, B, Rahlin, A, Sathyanarayana Rao, M, Raveri, M, Reichardt, C, Remazeilles, M, Rocha, G, Roe, N, Roy, A, Ruhl, J, Salatino, M, Saliwanchik, B, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Schmittfull, M, Scott, D, Sehgal, N, Shandera, S, Sherwin, B, Shirokoff, E, Simon, S, Slosar, A, Spergel, D, S, T, Staggs, S, Stark, A, Starkman, G, Stompor, R, Stoughton, C, Suzuki, A, Tajima, O, Teply, G, Thompson, K, Thorne, B, Timbie, P, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Tucker, G, Umilta, C, Van Engelen, A, Vavagiakis, E, Vieira, J, Vieregg, A, Wagoner, K, Wallisch, B, Wang, G, Watson, S, Westbrook, B, Whitehorn, N, Wollack, E, Kimmy Wu, W, Xu, Z, Eric Yang, H, Yasini, S, Yefremenko, V, Won Yoon, K, Young, E, Yu, C, Zonca, A, University of California Irvine, Johns Hopkins University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, University of California Berkeley, Stanford University, University of Oxford, Rice University, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, University of California San Diego, International School for Advanced Studies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Harvard University, University of New Mexico, Argonne National Laboratory, Université Paris-Diderot, California Institute of Technology, Cornell University, University of Melbourne, University of Cincinnati, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, University of Toronto, UMR7095, Stony Brook University, University of Manchester, Arizona State University, Florida State University, Cardiff University, Dartmouth College, University of Geneva, University of Cambridge, The University of Tokyo, University of Groningen, University of Chicago, University of Pennsylvania, McGill University, National Institute of Standards and Technology, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, University of Sussex, Princeton University, Simon Fraser University, National Institute for Nuclear Physics, Haverford College, Stockholm University, Case Western Reserve University, University of British Columbia, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Simons Foundation, Columbia University, University of Virginia, University of California Davis, Yale University, University of Pittsburgh, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, University of California Santa Barbara, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Service d'Astrophysique CEA, European Southern Observatory, Washington University St. Louis, University of Milan - Bicocca, University of Southern California, Institute for Advanced Studies, Pennsylvania State University, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Kyoto University, University of Wisconsin-Madison, University of Milano, Université Paris-Saclay, Brown University, Syracuse University, University of California Los Angeles, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
Astrophysics and Astronomy, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmology, CMB, Settore FIS/05, Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.CO, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Galaxies and Cosmology, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

CMB-S4---the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiment---is set to significantly advance the sensitivity of CMB measurements and enhance our understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe, from the highest energies at the dawn of time through the growth of structure to the present day. Among the science cases pursued with CMB-S4, the quest for detecting primordial gravitational waves is a central driver of the experimental design. This work details the development of a forecasting framework that includes a power-spectrum-based semi-analytic projection tool, targeted explicitly towards optimizing constraints on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, in the presence of Galactic foregrounds and gravitational lensing of the CMB. This framework is unique in its direct use of information from the achieved performance of current Stage 2--3 CMB experiments to robustly forecast the science reach of upcoming CMB-polarization endeavors. The methodology allows for rapid iteration over experimental configurations and offers a flexible way to optimize the design of future experiments given a desired scientific goal. To form a closed-loop process, we couple this semi-analytic tool with map-based validation studies, which allow for the injection of additional complexity and verification of our forecasts with several independent analysis methods. We document multiple rounds of forecasts for CMB-S4 using this process and the resulting establishment of the current reference design of the primordial gravitational-wave component of the Stage-4 experiment, optimized to achieve our science goals of detecting primordial gravitational waves for $r > 0.003$ at greater than $5��$, or, in the absence of a detection, of reaching an upper limit of $r < 0.001$ at $95\%$ CL., 24 pages, 8 figures, 9 tables, submitted to ApJ. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.04473

Published
2022

31. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Delensed power spectra and parameters

Author

Johannes Hubmayr, Dongwon Han, Bruce Partridge, Lyman A. Page, Emilie Storer, Simone Aiola, Sigurd Naess, Edward V. Denison, Mark J. Devlin, Anna E. Fox, Arthur Kosowsky, J. Colin Hill, Omar Darwish, Amanda MacInnis, Nicholas Battaglia, Matthew Hasselfield, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, John P. Nibarger, Gene C. Hilton, Thibaut Louis, Federico Nati, Edward J. Wollack, Blake D. Sherwin, Neelima Sehgal, Simone Ferraro, Renée Hložek, John P. Hughes, Michael D. Niemack, Daniel T. Becker, Steve K. Choi, Frank J. Qu, Suzanne T. Staggs, David N. Spergel, Kavilan Moodley, Matt Hilton, Alexander van Engelen, James A. Beall, Alessandro Schillaci, Toshiya Namikawa, Erminia Calabrese, Jo Dunkley, Jeff Van Lanen, Han, D, Sehgal, N, Macinnis, A, van Engelen, A, Sherwin, B, Madhavacheril, M, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Beall, J, Becker, D, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Darwish, O, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Dunkley, J, Ferraro, S, Fox, A, Hasselfield, M, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Hughes, J, Kosowsky, A, van Lanen, J, Louis, T, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Nibarger, J, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Qu, F, Schillaci, A, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Wollack, E, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and ACT

Subjects
cosmological model, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Lambda-CDM model, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, weak gravitational lensing, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, Spectral line, microwaves: background, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Particle and Plasma Physics, statistical analysis, gravitation: lens, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, cosmic background radiation: power spectrum, Weak gravitational lensing, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Spectral density, cosmological parameters from CMBR, Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, hep-ph, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Cosmological parameters from CMBR, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Gravitational lens, background: power spectrum, Sky, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present LCDM cosmological parameter constraints obtained from delensed microwave background power spectra. Lensing maps from a subset of DR4 data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) are used to undo the lensing effect in ACT spectra observed at 150 and 98 GHz. At 150 GHz, we remove the lensing distortion with an effective efficiency of 30% (TT), 30% (EE), 26% (TE) and 20% (BB); this results in detections of the delensing effect at 8.7 sigma (TT), 5.1 sigma (EE), 2.6 sigma (TE), and 2.4 sigma (BB) significance. The combination of 150 and 98 GHz TT, EE, and TE delensed spectra is well fit by a standard LCDM model. We also measure the shift in best-fit parameters when fitting delensed versus lensed spectra; while this shift does not inform our ability to measure cosmological parameters, it does provide a three-way consistency check among the lensing inferred from the best-fit parameters, the lensing in the CMB power spectrum, and the reconstructed lensing map. This shift is predicted to be zero when fitting with the correct model since both lensed and delensed spectra originate from the same region of sky. Fitting with a LCDM model and marginalizing over foregrounds, we find that the shift in cosmological parameters is consistent with zero. Our results show that gravitational lensing of the microwave background is internally consistent within the framework of the standard cosmological model., 29 pages, 17 figures, version matches that accepted by JCAP

Published
2021

32. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect with SDSS DR15 galaxies

Author

C. Sifon, S. T. Staggs, E. Schaan, Brian J. Koopman, Edward J. Wollack, M. Lokken, Jeff McMahon, Michael D. Niemack, Johannes Hubmayr, A. van Engelen, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, A. Kosowsky, Nicholas F. Cothard, Victoria Calafut, Elia S. Battistelli, Yaqiong Li, Nick Battaglia, J. Van Lanen, Joel N. Ullom, M. Hilton, Kevin M. Huffenberger, David N. Spergel, F. Nati, Zhilei Xu, Gene C. Hilton, Y. Guan, Alessandro Schillaci, Erminia Calabrese, Jason E. Austermann, Jo Dunkley, Zachary B. Huber, A. J. Duivenvoorden, S. Amodeo, K. Moodley, Leila R. Vale, R. Hložek, Eve M. Vavagiakis, R. Dunner, M. Madhavacheril, Steve K. Choi, Sigurd Naess, J. P. Hughes, J. C. Hill, J. R. Bond, Shannon M. Duff, S. Ferraro, Cody J. Duell, Rachel Bean, B. Partridge, J. A. Beall, L. B. Newburgh, Lyman A. Page, Simone Aiola, Calafut, V, Gallardo, P, Vavagiakis, E, Amodeo, S, Aiola, S, Austermann, J, Battaglia, N, Battistelli, E, Beall, J, Bean, R, Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Cothard, N, Devlin, M, Duell, C, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Guan, Y, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hlozek, R, Huber, Z, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Li, Y, Lokken, M, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sifon, C, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Ullom, J, Vale, L, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, Cosmology, Photometry (optics), Galaxy groups and clusters, Particle and Plasma Physics, CMB, Cosmology, SZ Effect, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, Quantum Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Galaxy, 13. Climate action, Sky, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a 5.4$\sigma$ detection of the pairwise kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect using Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and $\it{Planck}$ CMB observations in combination with Luminous Red Galaxy samples from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR15 catalog. Results are obtained using three ACT CMB maps: co-added 150 GHz and 98 GHz maps, combining observations from 2008-2018 (ACT DR5), which overlap with SDSS DR15 over 3,700 sq. deg., and a component-separated map using night-time only observations from 2014-2015 (ACT DR4), overlapping with SDSS DR15 over 2,089 sq. deg. Comparisons of the results from these three maps provide consistency checks in relation to potential frequency-dependent foreground contamination. A total of 343,647 galaxies are used as tracers to identify and locate galaxy groups and clusters from which the kSZ signal is extracted using aperture photometry. We consider the impact of various aperture photometry assumptions and covariance estimation methods on the signal extraction. Theoretical predictions of the pairwise velocities are used to obtain best-fit, mass-averaged, optical depth estimates for each of five luminosity-selected tracer samples. A comparison of the kSZ-derived optical depth measurements obtained here to those derived from the thermal SZ effect for the same sample is presented in a companion paper., Comment: 17 pages, 10 figures. Updated to match published version in PRD

Published
2021

33. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Summary of DR4 and DR5 Data Products and Data Access

Author

Joseph E. Golec, Shannon M. Duff, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Thibaut Louis, Lyman A. Page, Erminia Calabrese, E. V. Denison, Yilun Guan, Edward J. Wollack, Kavilan Moodley, Jason E. Austermann, Daniel T. Becker, John P. Hughes, Joel N. Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Simone Aiola, Dongwon Han, C. Sifon, John P. Nibarger, Sara M. Simon, Toshiya Namikawa, Kyra Fichman, Zhilei Xu, Blake D. Sherwin, Jo Dunkley, Maria Salatino, Brian J. Koopman, Emmanuel Schaan, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Johannes Hubmayr, Jeff McMahon, Matt Hilton, Simone Ferraro, Matthew Hasselfield, Laura Newburgh, Mark J. Devlin, Zachary Atkins, Patricio A. Gallardo, James A. Beall, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Kevin T. Crowley, J. Colin Hill, Steve K. Choi, Suzanne T. Staggs, Amanda MacInnis, Alessandro Schillaci, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Omar Darwish, Grace E. Chesmore, Neelima Sehgal, S. Amodeo, Gene C. Hilton, Emilie R. Storer, Sigurd Naess, Jeff Van Lanen, J. Richard Bond, Alexander van Engelen, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, Renée Hložek, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mallaby-Kay, M, Atkins, Z, Aiola, S, Amodeo, S, Austermann, J, Beall, J, Becker, D, Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Chesmore, G, Choi, S, Crowley, K, Darwish, O, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Ferraro, S, Fichman, K, Gallardo, P, Golec, J, Guan, Y, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Louis, T, Macinnis, A, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, J, Niemack, M, Page, L, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, B, Sifon, C, Simon, S, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Ullom, J, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Vale, L, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Data products, Art history, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, Public access, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Order (virtue), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, CMB, Cosmology, Space and Planetary Science, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Two recent large data releases for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT), called DR4 and DR5, are available for public access. These data include temperature and polarization maps that cover nearly half the sky at arcminute resolution in three frequency bands; lensing maps and component-separated maps covering ~ 2,100 deg^2 of sky; derived power spectra and cosmological likelihoods; a catalog of over 4,000 galaxy clusters; and supporting ancillary products including beam functions and masks. The data and products are described in a suite of ACT papers; here we provide a summary. In order to facilitate ease of access to these data we present a set of Jupyter IPython notebooks developed to introduce users to DR4, DR5, and the tools needed to analyze these data. The data products (excluding simulations) and the set of notebooks are publicly available on the NASA Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis (LAMBDA); simulation products are available on the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)., Accepted to ApJS. 21 pages, 8 figures. Data and notebooks available on LAMBDA https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/

Published
2021

34. Strong detection of the CMB lensing and galaxy weak lensing cross-correlation from ACT-DR4, Planck Legacy, and KiDS-1000

Author

Emmanuel Schaan, Johannes Hubmayr, Simone Ferraro, Mark J. Devlin, N. C. Robertson, Alessandro Schillaci, Federico Nati, Benjamin Joachimi, Angus H. Wright, Tilman Tröster, Edward J. Wollack, Suzanne T. Staggs, John P. Hughes, Maria Cristina Fortuna, Kavilan Moodley, Blake D. Sherwin, Omar Darwish, Shahab Joudaki, Dongwon Han, Benjamin Giblin, Lyman A. Page, Thomas Erben, Joachim Harnois-Déraps, C. Sifon, Shuay Pwu P. Ho, Steve K. Choi, Lance Miller, Matt Hilton, Peter Schneider, Alexander van Engelen, Andrej Dvornik, J. Colin Hill, Konrad Kuijken, David Alonso, Hendrik Hildebrandt, Kenda Knowles, Alexandra Amon, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Edwin A. Valentijn, Maciej Bilicki, Michael D. Niemack, Neelima Sehgal, Erminia Calabrese, Jo Dunkley, Bruce Partridge, Toshiya Namikawa, Zhilei Xu, Catherine Heymans, Marika Asgari, Arun Kannawadi, Henk Hoekstra, Robertson, N, Alonso, D, Harnois-Deraps, J, Darwish, O, Kannawadi, A, Amon, A, Asgari, M, Bilicki, M, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Devlin, M, Dunkley, J, Dvornik, A, Erben, T, Ferraro, S, Fortuna, M, Giblin, B, Han, D, Heymans, C, Hildebrandt, H, Hill, J, Hilton, M, Ho, S, Hoekstra, H, Hubmayr, J, Hughes, J, Joachimi, B, Joudaki, S, Knowles, K, Kuijken, K, Madhavacheril, M, Moodley, K, Miller, L, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Schneider, P, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, B, Sifon, C, Staggs, S, Troster, T, Van Engelen, A, Valentijn, E, Wollack, E, Wright, A, Xu, Z, and Astronomy

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Weak Large-Scale Structure of Universe Cosmology, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Cosmology: observation, 01 natural sciences, Omega, symbols.namesake, gravitational lensing: weak, weak [gravitational lensing], Observations Astrophysics, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Planck, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Gravitational Lensing, Physics, Degree (graph theory), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, observations [cosmology], Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, symbols, large-scale structure of Universe, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We measure the cross-correlation between galaxy weak lensing data from the Kilo Degree Survey (KiDS-1000, DR4) and cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT, DR4) and the Planck Legacy survey. We use two samples of source galaxies, selected with photometric redshifts, $(0.1, Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, 1 tables, submitted to A&A

Published
2021
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35. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Probing the baryon content of SDSS DR15 galaxies with the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effects

Author

Nick Battaglia, J. P. Hughes, K. Moodley, Erminia Calabrese, Leila R. Vale, David N. Spergel, Michael D. Niemack, Nicholas F. Cothard, R. Hložek, Victoria Calafut, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Lyman A. Page, Rachel Bean, B. Partridge, Shannon M. Duff, S. Ferraro, M. Hilton, J. A. Beall, Gene C. Hilton, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Simone Aiola, Y. Guan, J. R. Bond, Jason E. Austermann, Sigurd Naess, C. Sifon, A. van Engelen, A. Kosowsky, E. Schaan, M. Lokken, J. C. Hill, L. B. Newburgh, S. T. Staggs, Cody J. Duell, Yaqiong Li, J. Van Lanen, Zachary B. Huber, Joel N. Ullom, Alessandro Schillaci, S. Amodeo, Edward J. Wollack, F. Nati, Johannes Hubmayr, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, A. J. Duivenvoorden, R. Dunner, Jo Dunkley, Elia S. Battistelli, Steve K. Choi, M. Madhavacheril, Zhilei Xu, Brian J. Koopman, Jeff McMahon, Vavagiakis, E, Gallardo, P, Calafut, V, Amodeo, S, Aiola, S, Austermann, J, Battaglia, N, Battistelli, E, Beall, J, Bean, R, Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Cothard, N, Devlin, M, Duell, C, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Guan, Y, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hlozek, R, Huber, Z, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Li, Y, Lokken, M, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sifon, C, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Ullom, J, Vale, L, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Atomic, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, Particle and Plasma Physics, Galaxy groups and clusters, 0103 physical sciences, Optical depth (astrophysics), CMB, Cosmology, SZ Effect, Nuclear, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Quantum Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Galaxy, Baryon, 13. Climate action, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, Content (measure theory), astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present high signal-to-noise measurements (up to 12$\sigma$) of the average thermal Sunyaev Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect from optically selected galaxy groups and clusters and estimate their baryon content within a 2.1$^\prime$ radius aperture. Sources from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) DR15 catalog overlap with 3,700 sq. deg. of sky observed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2008 to 2018 at 150 and 98 GHz (ACT DR5), and 2,089 sq. deg. of internal linear combination component-separated maps combining ACT and $\it{Planck}$ data (ACT DR4). The corresponding optical depths, $\bar{\tau}$, which depend on the baryon content of the halos, are estimated using results from cosmological hydrodynamic simulations assuming an AGN feedback radiative cooling model. We estimate the mean mass of the halos in multiple luminosity bins, and compare the tSZ-based $\bar{\tau}$ estimates to theoretical predictions of the baryon content for a Navarro-Frenk-White profile. We do the same for $\bar{\tau}$ estimates extracted from fits to pairwise baryon momentum measurements of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (kSZ) for the same data set obtained in a companion paper. We find that the $\bar{\tau}$ estimates from the tSZ measurements in this work and the kSZ measurements in the companion paper agree within $1\sigma$ for two out of the three disjoint luminosity bins studied, while they differ by 2-3$\sigma$ in the highest luminosity bin. The optical depth estimates account for one third to all of the theoretically predicted baryon content in the halos across luminosity bins. Potential systematic uncertainties are discussed. The tSZ and kSZ measurements provide a step towards empirical Compton-$\bar{y}$-$\bar{\tau}$ relationships to provide new tests of cluster formation and evolution models., Comment: 19 pages, 9 figures

Published
2021

36. The SPTpol Extended Cluster Survey

Author

Shahab Joudaki, M. Costanzi, Matt Dobbs, C. L. Chang, Carole Tucker, E. Bertin, Dale Li, Michael McDonald, A. E. Lowitz, T. M. Crawford, Mark Brodwin, W. B. Everett, A. Roodman, N. W. Halverson, J. Carretero, Santiago Serrano, G. Khullar, Elizabeth George, Adam Anderson, M. Smith, James A. Beall, C. Sievers, Nathan Whitehorn, Valentine Novosad, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Devon L. Hollowood, Volodymyr Yefremenko, C. Pryke, D. Gruen, Nesar Ramachandra, Gensheng Wang, Antonella Palmese, Steven W. Allen, John P. Nibarger, T. Veach, J. D. Hrubes, A. K. Romer, Ramon Miquel, H. T. Diehl, G. I. Noble, W. L. K. Wu, Niall MacCrann, Juan Garcia-Bellido, L. N. da Costa, Christian L. Reichardt, Federico Bianchini, B. Flaugher, Jason E. Austermann, A. A. Plazas, Jason Gallicchio, K. Honscheid, Santiago Avila, Joshua Montgomery, Amy N. Bender, N. L. Harrington, Robert A. Gruendl, Matthias Klein, A. T. Crites, Sebastian Bocquet, S. Patil, L. M. Mocanu, John E. Carlstrom, A. Carnero Rosell, Peter A. R. Ade, B. Stalder, Tesla E. Jeltema, T. de Haan, E. Buckley-Geer, K. K. Schaffer, K. T. Story, Jeff McMahon, J. Gschwend, Shantanu Desai, Benjamin Floyd, Keith Bechtol, Bradford Benson, Catherine Heymans, Jason W. Henning, Antony A. Stark, Joaquin Vieira, Graeme Smecher, Robert I. Citron, M. L. N. Ashby, Lloyd Knox, M. A. G. Maia, A. Saro, J. P. Dietrich, Chris Blake, T. Natoli, N. P. Kuropatkin, James Annis, J. T. Sayre, Michael D. Gladders, J. L. Marshall, C. Corbett Moran, Keith Vanderlinde, Joseph J. Mohr, Kent D. Irwin, W. L. Holzapfel, Jochen Weller, Jessica Avva, David Parkinson, Johannes Hubmayr, Stephen Padin, Joshua A. Frieman, Felipe Menanteau, Gregory Tarle, Tim Schrabback, Matthew B. Bayliss, Eli S. Rykoff, D. L. Burke, E. J. Sanchez, G. Gutierrez, Lindsey Bleem, N. Huang, A. Gilbert, H. C. Chiang, Yanxi Zhang, Tim Eifler, J. D. Remolina González, Benjamin Saliwanchik, F. Paz-Chinchón, Adrian T. Lee, D. W. Gerdes, D. H. Brooks, S. S. Meyer, G. P. Holder, Guillaume Mahler, M. Carrasco Kind, J. E. Ruhl, J. De Vicente, E. Suchyta, Nikhel Gupta, David James, C. Lidman, Keren Sharon, A. Nadolski, Peter Melchior, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SPT, DES, Bleem, L. E., Bocquet, S., Stalder, B., Gladders, M. D., Ade, P. A. R., Allen, S. W., Anderson, A. J., Annis, J., Ashby, M. L. N., Austermann, J. E., Avila, S., Avva, J. S., Bayliss, M., Beall, J. A., Bechtol, K., Bender, A. N., Benson, B. A., Bertin, E., Bianchini, F., Blake, C., Brodwin, Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carlstrom, J. E., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Chang, C. L., Chiang, H. C., Citron, R., Moran, C. Corbett, Costanzi, M., Crawford, T. M., Crites, A. T., da Costa, L. N., de Haan, T., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Dobbs, M. A., Eifler, T. F., Everett, W., Flaugher, B., Floyd, B., Frieman, J., Gallicchio, J., García-Bellido, J., George, E. M., Gerdes, D. W., Gilbert, A., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gupta, N., Gutierrez, G., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N., Henning, J. W., Heymans, C., Holder, G. P., Hollowood, D. L., Holzapfel, W. L., Honscheid, K., Hrubes, J. D., Huang, N., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K. D., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Joudaki, S., Khullar, G., Klein, M., Knox, L., Kuropatkin, N., Lee, A. T., Li, D., Lidman, C., Lowitz, A., Maccrann, N., Mahler, G., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Meyer, S. S., Miquel, R., Mocanu, L. M., Mohr, J. J., Montgomery, J., Nadolski, A., Natoli, T., Nibarger, J. P., Noble, G., Novosad, V., Padin, S., Palmese, A., Parkinson, D., Patil, S., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Pryke, C., Ramachandra, N. S., Reichardt, C. L., Remolina González, J. D., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Ruhl, J. E., Rykoff, E. S., Saliwanchik, B. R., Sanchez, E., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Schrabback, T., Serrano, S., Sharon, K., Sievers, C., Smecher, G., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Stark, A. A., Story, K. T., Suchyta, E., Tarle, G., Tucker, C., Vanderlinde, K., Veach, T., Vieira, J. D., Wang, G., Weller, J., Whitehorn, N., Wu, W. L. K., Yefremenko, V., Zhang, Y., National Science Foundation (US), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Department of Energy (US), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), University of Illinois, University of Chicago, Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Brasil), Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional das Fundaçôes Estaduais de Amparo à Pesquisa (Brasil), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (Brasil), German Research Foundation, Argonne National Laboratory (US), Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Fonds de Recherche du Québec, Max Planck Society, Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, European Commission, Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (Germany), Australian Research Council, Australian Astronomical Observatory, California Institute of Technology, and Generalitat de Catalunya

Subjects
Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Strong gravitational lensing, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Galaxy, Cosmology, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, Large-scale structure of the universe, 0103 physical sciences, astro-ph.CO, Cluster (physics), Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Galaxy clusters, Cluster sampling, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Full author list: L. E. Bleem, S. Bocquet, B. Stalder, M. D. Gladders, P. A. R. Ade, S. W. Allen, A. J. Anderson, J. Annis, M. L. N. Ashby, J. E. Austermann, S. Avila, J. S. Avva, M. Bayliss, J. A. Beall, K. Bechtol, A. N. Bender, B. A. Benson, E. Bertin, F. Bianchini, C. Blake, M. Brodwin, D. Brooks, E. Buckley-Geer, D. L. Burke, J. E. Carlstrom, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, C. L. Chang, H. C. Chiang, R. Citron, C. Corbett Moran, M. Costanzi, T. M. Crawford, A. T. Crites, L. N. da Costa, T. de Haan, J. De Vicente, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, J. P. Dietrich, M. A. Dobbs, T. F. Eifler, W. Everett, B. Flaugher, B. Floyd, J. Frieman, J. Gallicchio, J. García-Bellido, E. M. George, D. W. Gerdes, A. Gilbert, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, J. Gschwend, N. Gupta, G. Gutierrez, N. W. Halverson, N. Harrington, J. W. Henning, C. Heymans, G. P. Holder, D. L. Hollowood, W. L. Holzapfel, K. Honscheid, J. D. Hrubes, N. Huang, J. Hubmayr, K. D. Irwin, D. J. James, T. Jeltema, S. Joudaki, G. Khullar, M. Klein, L. Knox, N. Kuropatkin, A. T. Lee, D. Li, C. Lidman, A. Lowitz, N. MacCrann, G. Mahler, M. A. G. Maia, J. L. Marshall, M. McDonald, J. J. McMahon, P. Melchior, F. Menanteau, S. S. Meyer, R. Miquel, L. M. Mocanu, J. J. Mohr, J. Montgomery, A. Nadolski, T. Natoli, J. P. Nibarger, G. Noble, V. Novosad, S. Padin, A. Palmese, D. Parkinson, S. Patil, F. Paz-Chinchón, A. A. Plazas, C. Pryke, N. S. Ramachandra, C. L. Reichardt, J. D. Remolina González, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, J. E. Ruhl, E. S. Rykoff, B. R. Saliwanchik, E. Sanchez, A. Saro, J. T. Sayre, K. K. Schaffer, T. Schrabback, S. Serrano, K. Sharon, C. Sievers, G. Smecher, M. Smith, M. Soares-Santos, A. A. Stark, K. T. Story, E. Suchyta, G. Tarle, C. Tucker, K. Vanderlinde, T. Veach, J. D. Vieira, G. Wang, J. Weller, N. Whitehorn, W. L. K. Wu, V. Yefremenko, and Y. Zhang, We describe the observations and resultant galaxy cluster catalog from the 2770 deg2 SPTpol Extended Cluster Survey (SPT-ECS). Clusters are identified via the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect and confirmed with a combination of archival and targeted follow-up data, making particular use of data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). With incomplete follow-up we have confirmed as clusters 244 of 266 candidates at a detection significance ξ ≥ 5 and an additional 204 systems at 4 < ξ < 5. The confirmed sample has a median mass of M500c ~ 4.4 ¿ 1014 M☉ h70 -1 and a median redshift of z = 0.49, and we have identified 44 strong gravitational lenses in the sample thus far. Radio data are used to characterize contamination to the SZ signal; the median contamination for confirmed clusters is predicted to be ∼1% of the SZ signal at the ξ > 4 threshold, and 10% of their measured SZ flux. We associate SZ-selected clusters, from both SPT-ECS and the SPT-SZ survey, with clusters from the DES redMaPPer sample, and we find an offset distribution between the SZ center and central galaxy in general agreement with previous work, though with a larger fraction of clusters with significant offsets. Adopting a fixed Planck-like cosmology, we measure the optical richness-SZ mass (l - M) relation and find it to be 28% shallower than that from a weak-lensing analysis of the DES data-a difference significant at the 4σ level-with the relations intersecting at λ = 60. The SPT-ECS cluster sample will be particularly useful for studying the evolution of massive clusters and, in combination with DES lensing observations and the SPT-SZ cluster sample, will be an important component of future cosmological analyses., This work was performed in the context of the South Pole Telescope scientific program. SPT is supported by the National Science Foundation through grant PLR-1248097. Partial support is also provided by the NSF Physics Frontier Center grant PHY-0114422 to the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Kavli Foundation, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation grant GBMF 947 to the University of Chicago. This work is also supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. PISCO observations are supported by NSF AST-1814719. Work at Argonne National Lab is supported by UChicago Argonne LLC, operator of Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science Laboratory, is operated under contract No. DE-AC02- 06CH11357. We also acknowledge support from the Argonne Center for Nanoscale Materials. M.G. and L.B. acknowledge partial support from HST-GO-15307.001. B.B. is supported by the Fermi Research Alliance LLC under contract No. De-AC02- 07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The CU Boulder group acknowledges support from NSF AST-0956135. The McGill authors acknowledge funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, and the Fonds de Recherche du Québec Nature et technologies. The UCLA authors acknowledge support from NSF AST-1716965 and CSSI-1835865. The Stanford/SLAC group acknowledges support from the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. A.S. is supported by the ERC-StG “ClustersXCosmo” grant agreement 716762 and by the FARE-MIUR grant “ClustersXEuclid” R165SBKTMA. C.H. acknowledges support from the Max Planck Society and the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, in the framework of the Max Planck-Humboldt Research Award endowed by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, in addition to support from the European Research Council under grant No. 647112. S.J. acknowledges support from the Beecroft Trust and ERC 693024. T.S. acknowledges support from the German Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi) provided through DLR under projects 50 OR 1610 and 50 OR 1803, as well as support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG, under project SCHR 1400/3-1. The Melbourne authors acknowledge support from the Australian Research Council’s Discovery Projects scheme (DP150103208). The 2dFLenS survey is based on data acquired through the Australian Astronomical Observatory, under program A/2014B/008. This work is based in part on observations made with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which is operated by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. Funding for the DES Projects has been provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Ministry of Science and Education of Spain, the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom, the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, the Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago, the Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at The Ohio State University, the Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas A&M University, Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and the Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, and the Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey. The Collaborating Institutions are Argonne National Laboratory, the University of California at Santa Cruz, the University of Cambridge, Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas, Medioambientales y Tecnológicas-Madrid, the University of Chicago, University College London, the DES-Brazil Consortium, the University of Edinburgh, the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, the University of Illinois at UrbanaChampaign, the Institut de Ciències de l’Espai (IEEC/CSIC), the Institut de Física d’Altes Energies, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, the Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München and the associated Excellence Cluster Universe, the University of Michigan, the National Optical Astronomy Observatory, the University of Nottingham, The Ohio State University, the University of Pennsylvania, the University of Portsmouth, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Stanford University, the University of Sussex, Texas A&M University, and the OzDES Membership Consortium. Based in part on observations at Cerro Tololo InterAmerican Observatory, National Optical Astronomy Observatory, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation. The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under grant Nos. AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2015-71825, ESP2015-66861, FPA2015-68048, SEV2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007- 2013), including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) e-Universe (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2). This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government retains a nonexclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, worldwide license to publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) and the PS1 public science archive have been made possible through contributions by the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, the Queen’s University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation grant No. AST1238877, the University of Maryland, Eotvos Lorand University (ELTE), the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation

Published
2020

37. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Modeling the Gas Thermodynamics in BOSS CMASS galaxies from Kinematic and Thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Measurements

Author

Bruce Partridge, Zhilei Xu, Suzanne T. Staggs, Rolando Dünner, Emmanuel Schaan, Johannes Hubmayr, Federico Nati, Simone Ferraro, Michael D. Niemack, E. V. Denison, Victoria Calafut, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Erminia Calabrese, Tony Mroczkowski, Jo Dunkley, Laura Newburgh, John P. Hughes, Emilie R. Storer, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Leila R. Vale, David N. Spergel, Edward J. Wollack, Joel N. Ullom, Dongwon Han, Shannon M. Duff, Jeff Van Lanen, Simone Aiola, Daniel T. Becker, Brian J. Koopman, James A. Beall, C. Sifon, Alessandro Schillaci, Jason E. Austermann, Lyman A. Page, Jeff McMahon, Sigurd Naess, Nicholas Battaglia, Matt Hilton, S. Amodeo, Renée Hložek, Gene C. Hilton, Alexander van Engelen, Steve K. Choi, J. Colin Hill, Richard J. Bond, Emily Moser, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Neelima Sehgal, Kirsten Hall, Rachel Bean, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Amanda MacInnis, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Kavilan Moodley, Amodeo, S, Battaglia, N, Schaan, E, Ferraro, S, Moser, E, Aiola, S, Austermann, J, Beall, J, Bean, R, Becker, D, Bond, R, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Choi, S, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Gallardo, P, Hall, K, Han, D, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Macinnis, A, Mcmahon, J, Madhavacheril, M, Moodley, K, Mroczkowski, T, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Sifon, C, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Ullom, J, Vale, L, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, E, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar mass, astro-ph.GA, Thermodynamics, FOS: Physical sciences, Bioengineering, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, CMB, Atomic, 01 natural sciences, Virial theorem, Particle and Plasma Physics, Intracluster medium, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Quantum Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Molecular, Radius, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Baryon, Amplitude, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects (tSZ, kSZ) probe the thermodynamic properties of the circumgalactic and intracluster medium (CGM and ICM) of galaxies, groups, and clusters, since they are proportional, respectively, to the integrated electron pressure and momentum along the line-of-sight. We present constraints on the gas thermodynamics of CMASS galaxies in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) using new measurements of the kSZ and tSZ signals obtained in a companion paper. Combining kSZ and tSZ measurements, we measure within our model the amplitude of energy injection $\epsilon M_\star c^2$, where $M_\star$ is the stellar mass, to be $\epsilon=(40\pm9)\times10^{-6}$, and the amplitude of the non-thermal pressure profile to be $\alpha_{\rm Nth}, Comment: Corrected error in the algorithm that calculates the kSZ temperature profile for a given GNFW density model. The value of $\log_{\rm10} \rho_0$ changed by 0.75$\sigma$ in Tab.II and Fig.2, and affected the results in the left panels of Fig. 6. Conclusions are unchanged. Erratum published at https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.107.049903

Published
2020
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38. Galaxy Clusters Selected via the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect in the SPTpol 100-square-degree Survey

Author

Elizabeth George, A. T. Crites, T. Veach, Amy N. Bender, G. I. Noble, Federico Bianchini, Matt Dobbs, Mark Brodwin, W. B. Everett, N. L. Harrington, S. S. Meyer, K. K. Schaffer, A. E. Lowitz, John E. Carlstrom, Jason E. Austermann, C. L. Chang, T. de Haan, T. M. Crawford, L. M. Mocanu, Lindsey Bleem, Michael McDonald, Dale Li, Joshua Montgomery, Jeff McMahon, Gensheng Wang, Jason Gallicchio, Nathan Whitehorn, Valentine Novosad, Keren Sharon, Graeme Smecher, S. Patil, Michael D. Gladders, Johannes Hubmayr, Robert I. Citron, J. D. Hrubes, Jason W. Henning, A. Saro, Nikhel Gupta, Adrian T. Lee, Adam Anderson, G. Khullar, Benjamin Floyd, Volodymyr Yefremenko, Joaquin Vieira, S. Guns, Steven W. Allen, W. L. K. Wu, J. E. Ruhl, John P. Nibarger, Antony A. Stark, C. Sievers, N. W. Halverson, J. T. Sayre, B. Stalder, Christian L. Reichardt, Kent D. Irwin, Peter A. R. Ade, A. Nadolski, C. Corbett Moran, K. T. Story, K. Vanderlinde, W. L. Holzapfel, Bradford Benson, Sebastian Bocquet, N. Huang, Jessica Avva, A. Gilbert, Stephen Padin, Lloyd Knox, T. Natoli, Gene C. Hilton, James A. Beall, C. Pryke, H. C. Chiang, Carole Tucker, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Gilbert Holder, Huang, N., Bleem, L. E., Stalder, B., Ade, P. A. R., Allen, S. W., Anderson, A. J., Austermann, J. E., Avva, J. S., Beall, J. A., Bender, A. N., Benson, B. A., Bianchini, F., Bocquet, S., Brodwin, M., Carlstrom, J. E., Chang, C. L., Chiang, H. C., Citron, R., Moran, C. Corbett, Crawford, T. M., Crite, A., T., Haan, T. de, Dobbs, M. A., Everett, W., Floyd, B., Gallicchio, J., George, E. M., Gilbert, A., Gladders, M. D., Guns, S., Gupta, N., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N., Henning, J. W., Hilton, G. C., Holder, G. P., Holzapfel, W. L., Hrubes, J. D., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K. D., Khullar, G., Knox, L., Lee, A. T., Li, D., Lowitz, A., Mcdonald, M., Mcmahon, J. J., Meyer, S. S., Mocanu, L. M., Montgomery, J., Nadolski, A., Natoli, T., Nibarger, J. P., Noble, G., Novosad, V., Padin, S., Patil, S., Pryke, C., Reichardt, C. L., Ruhl, J. E., Saliwanchik, B. R., Saro, A., Sayre, J. T., Schaffer, K. K., Sharon, K., Sievers, C., Smecher, G., Stark, A. A., Story, K. T., Tucker, C., Vanderlinde, K., Veach, T., Vieira, J. D., Wang, G., Whitehorn, N., Wu, W. L. K., and Yefremenko, V.

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Infrared, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, 01 natural sciences, Square (algebra), 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, Galaxy, Square degree, South Pole Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a catalog of galaxy cluster candidates detected in 100 square degrees surveyed with the SPTpol receiver on the South Pole Telescope. The catalog contains 89 candidates detected with a signal-to-noise ratio greater than 4.6. The candidates are selected using the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect at 95 and 150 GHz. Using both space- and ground-based optical and infrared telescopes, we have confirmed 81 candidates as galaxy clusters. We use these follow-up images and archival images to estimate photometric redshifts for 66 galaxy clusters and spectroscopic observations to obtain redshifts for 13 systems. An additional 2 galaxy clusters are confirmed using the overdensity of near-infrared galaxies only, and are presented without redshifts. We find that 15 candidates (18% of the total sample) are at redshift of $z \geq 1.0$, with a maximum confirmed redshift of $z_{\rm{max}} = 1.38 \pm 0.10$. We expect this catalog to contain every galaxy cluster with $M_{500c} > 2.6 \times 10^{14} M_\odot h^{-1}_{70}$ and $z > 0.25$ in the survey area. The mass threshold is approximately constant above $z = 0.25$, and the complete catalog has a median mass of approximately $ M_{500c} = 2.7 \times 10^{14} M_\odot h^{-1}_{70}$. Compared to previous SPT works, the increased depth of the millimeter-wave data (11.2 and 6.5 $��$K-arcmin at 95 and 150 GHz, respectively) makes it possible to find more galaxy clusters at high redshift and lower mass., 21 pages, 7 figures, associated data available at http://pole.uchicago.edu/public/data/sptsz-clusters. V2 was accepted to the AJ, and includes minor changes requested by the reviewer

Published
2020
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39. A Detection of CMB-Cluster Lensing using Polarization Data from SPTpol

Author

Benjamin Saliwanchik, C. L. Chang, V. G. Yefremenko, Sebastian Bocquet, C. Corbett Moran, Devon L. Hollowood, J. A. Beall, N. Huang, Jessica Avva, A. E. Lowitz, Adrian T. Lee, Lloyd Knox, Peter A. R. Ade, Nikhel Gupta, J. E. Ruhl, Yanxi Zhang, Pablo Fosalba, Stephen Padin, Marcelle Soares-Santos, J. D. Hrubes, G. Gutierrez, Elizabeth George, Tesla E. Jeltema, Joseph J. Mohr, K. Vanderlinde, Gene C. Hilton, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, K. T. Story, Valentine Novosad, Srinivasan Raghunathan, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, H. C. Chiang, Robert I. Citron, Bradford Benson, Gensheng Wang, Jason Gallicchio, N. W. Halverson, Antony A. Stark, Chang Feng, T. Natoli, G. P. Holder, T. Veach, A. A. Plazas, M. Costanzi, C. Sievers, Shantanu Desai, Michael Schubnell, Jason W. Henning, D. L. Burke, Dale Li, Carole Tucker, Mathew Smith, Christian L. Reichardt, B. Flaugher, Jason E. Austermann, Ramon Miquel, S. S. Meyer, M. A. G. Maia, N. L. Harrington, John E. Carlstrom, Matt Dobbs, Peter Melchior, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, L. M. Mocanu, G. I. Noble, Joaquin Vieira, Federico Bianchini, Graeme Smecher, J. P. Dietrich, Nathan Whitehorn, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Juan Garcia-Bellido, T. McClintock, N. Kuropatkin, Eduardo Rozo, J. De Vicente, T. M. Crawford, Peter Doel, J. T. Sayre, T. N. Varga, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Amy N. Bender, L. N. da Costa, A. K. Romer, H. T. Diehl, Felipe Menanteau, David Bacon, W. L. K. Wu, J. Carretero, K. K. Schaffer, Jennifer L. Marshall, M. Carrasco Kind, Joshua Montgomery, Johannes Hubmayr, Gregory Tarle, J. Gschwend, Joshua A. Frieman, David Rapetti, A. J. Gilbert, S. Serrano, Adam Anderson, Enrique Gaztanaga, Jeff McMahon, K. Honscheid, Eli S. Rykoff, Eric J. Baxter, Vinu Vikram, R. L. C. Ogando, Marcos Lima, T. de Haan, V. Scarpine, S. Patil, John P. Nibarger, Andrew Nadolski, A. Carnero Rosell, Kent D. Irwin, W. L. Holzapfel, Ofer Lahav, S. Everett, C. Pryke, Lindsey Bleem, F. J. Castander, E. J. Sanchez, Santiago Avila, A. T. Crites, Raghunathan, S., Patil, S., Baxter, E., Benson, B. A., Bleem, L. E., Crawford, T. M., Holder, G. P., Mcclintock, T., Reichardt, C. L., Varga, T. N., Whitehorn, N., Ade, P. A. R., Allam, S., Anderson, A. J., Austermann, J. E., Avila, S., Avva, J. S., Bacon, D., Beall, J. A., Bender, A. N., Bianchini, F., Bocquet, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Carlstrom, J. E., Carretero, J., Castander, F. J., Chang, C. L., Chiang, H. C., Citron, R., Costanzi, M., Crites, A. T., Da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Dobbs, M. A., Doel, P., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Feng, C., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gallicchio, J., Garcia-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., George, E. M., Giannantonio, T., Gilbert, A., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gupta, N., Gutierrez, G., De Haan, T., Halverson, N. W., Harrington, N., Henning, J. W., Hilton, G. C., Hollowood, D. L., Holzapfel, W. L., Honscheid, K., Hrubes, J. D., Huang, N., Hubmayr, J., Irwin, K. D., Jeltema, T., Kind, M. C., Knox, L., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lee, A. T., Li, D., Lima, M., Lowitz, A., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Mcmahon, J. J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Meyer, S. S., Miquel, R., Mocanu, L. M., Mohr, J. J., Montgomery, J., Moran, C. C., Nadolski, A., Natoli, T., Nibarger, J. P., Noble, G., Novosad, V., Ogando, R. L. C., Padin, S., Plazas, A. A., Pryke, C., Rapetti, D., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Rosell, A. C., Rozo, E., Ruhl, J. E., Rykoff, E. S., Saliwanchik, B. R., Sanchez, E., Sayre, J. T., Scarpine, V., Schaffer, K. K., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Sievers, C., Smecher, G., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Stark, A. A., Story, K. T., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Tucker, C., Vanderlinde, K., Veach, T., De Vicente, J., Vieira, J. D., Vikram, V., Wang, G., W. L. K., Wu, Yefremenko, V., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic microwave background, Cosmic microwave background Gravitational lenses Galaxy Clusters, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, RCUK, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Gravitational lens, 0103 physical sciences, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, Cluster (physics), 010306 general physics, STFC, Galaxy cluster, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the first detection of gravitational lensing due to galaxy clusters using only the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The lensing signal is obtained using a new estimator that extracts the lensing dipole signature from stacked images formed by rotating the cluster-centered Stokes $Q/U$ map cutouts along the direction of the locally measured background CMB polarization gradient. Using data from the SPTpol 500 deg$^{2}$ survey at the locations of roughly 18,000 clusters with richness $\lambda \ge 10$ from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year-3 full galaxy cluster catalog, we detect lensing at $4.8\sigma$. The mean stacked mass of the selected sample is found to be $(1.43 \pm 0.4)\ \times 10^{14}\ {\rm M_{\odot}}$ which is in good agreement with optical weak lensing based estimates using DES data and CMB-lensing based estimates using SPTpol temperature data. This measurement is a key first step for cluster cosmology with future low-noise CMB surveys, like CMB-S4, for which CMB polarization will be the primary channel for cluster lensing measurements., Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table; typos fixed; accepted for publication in PRL

Published
2019

40. Detection of the pairwise kinematic sunyaev-zel'dovich effect with boss dr11 and the atacama cosmology telescope

Author

Federico Nati, F. De Bernardis, Suzanne T. Staggs, Kavilan Moodley, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Simone Aiola, M. Lungu, Kevin Coughlin, Neelima Sehgal, Jeff McMahon, Eve M. Vavagiakis, David N. Spergel, Loïc Maurin, Shawn W. Henderson, Matthew Hasselfield, Hsiao-Mei Sherry Cho, Thibaut Louis, Sara M. Simon, Renée Hlozek, James A. Beall, Jonathan Sievers, A. van Engelen, Lyman A. Page, Joanna Dunkley, Robert Thornton, Rolando Dünner, Kent D. Irwin, Dan Becker, Edward J. Wollack, Dale Li, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Arthur Kosowsky, Brian J. Koopman, Gene C. Hilton, Rahul Datta, Nick Battaglia, J. Van Lanen, Erminia Calabrese, John P. Nibarger, John Bond, Laura Newburgh, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Nick Hand, Matt Hilton, Jason R. Stevens, Michael D. Niemack, Sigurd Naess, B. Partridge, J. C. Hill, John P. Hughes, Adam D. Hincks, Anna E. Fox, Emmanuel Schaan, Johannes Hubmayr, Mark Halpern, Simone Ferraro, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Bernardis, F, Aiola, S, Vavagiakis, E, Battaglia, N, Niemack, M, Beall, J, Becker, D, Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Cho, H, Coughlin, K, Datta, R, Devlin, M, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Fox, A, Gallardo, P, Halpern, M, Hand, N, Hasselfield, M, Henderson, S, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Irwin, K, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Li, D, Louis, T, Lungu, M, Madhavacheril, M, Maurin, L, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, J, Page, L, Partridge, B, Schaan, E, Schmitt, B, Sehgal, N, Sievers, J, Simon, S, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Stevens, J, Thornton, R, Engelen, A, Lanen, J, and Wollack, E

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), galaxy survey, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, Atomic, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, CMBR experiments, Nuclear, galaxy surveys, hydrodynamical simulations, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Galaxy, Baryon, Amplitude, hydrodynamical simulation, Sky, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, Halo, CMBR experiment, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a new measurement of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect using data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). Using 600 square degrees of overlapping sky area, we evaluate the mean pairwise baryon momentum associated with the positions of 50,000 bright galaxies in the BOSS DR11 Large Scale Structure catalog. A non-zero signal arises from the large-scale motions of halos containing the sample galaxies. The data fits an analytical signal model well, with the optical depth to microwave photon scattering as a free parameter determining the overall signal amplitude. We estimate the covariance matrix of the mean pairwise momentum as a function of galaxy separation, using microwave sky simulations, jackknife evaluation, and bootstrap estimates. The most conservative simulation-based errors give signal-to-noise estimates between 3.6 and 4.1 for varying galaxy luminosity cuts. We discuss how the other error determinations can lead to higher signal-to-noise values, and consider the impact of several possible systematic errors. Estimates of the optical depth from the average thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich signal at the sample galaxy positions are broadly consistent with those obtained from the mean pairwise momentum signal., 15 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables

Published
2017

41. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Two-Season ACTPol Spectra and Parameters

Author

Brian J. Koopman, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Joanna Dunkley, Felipe Menanteau, David N. Spergel, Simon Muya Kasanda, Jesse Treu, Graeme E. Addison, J. Richard Bond, Shawn W. Henderson, Sara M. Simon, Simone Aiola, John P. Hughes, Matt Hilton, Joseph W. Britton, Alexander van Engelen, Tobias A. Marriage, Jonathan T. Ward, Robert Thornton, Michael R. Nolta, Christine G. Pappas, Rahul Datta, Peter A. R. Ade, Gene C. Hilton, Jeff Klein, Nicholas Battaglia, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Matthew Hasselfield, Arthur Kosowsky, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Devin Crichton, Charles Munson, Thibaut Louis, Zhiqi Huang, Erminia Calabrese, Kevin Coughlin, Francesco De Bernardis, Neelima Sehgal, Megan Gralla, Kent D. Irwin, Hsiao-Mei Cho, J. Colin Hill, Edward J. Wollack, Michael D. Niemack, Steve K. Choi, Loïc Maurin, Lyman A. Page, Suzanne T. Staggs, S. P. Patty Ho, Federico Nati, Mandana Amiri, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Emmanuel Schaan, Johannes Hubmayr, Eric R. Switzer, Elio Angile, Mark Halpern, Simone Ferraro, James A. Beall, Kevin T. Crowley, Hy Trac, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, R. Allison, Simon Dicker, Sigurd Naess, Leopoldo Infante, Laura Newburgh, Dale Li, Adam D. Hincks, Carole Tucker, Bruce Partridge, Anna E. Fox, Jon Sievers, Renée Hlozek, E. Grace, Felipe Rojas, Rolando Dünner, John P. Nibarger, Marius Lungu, Carolina Núñez, Blake D. Sherwin, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ACTPol, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Louis, T, Grace, E, Hasselfield, M, Lungu, M, Maurin, L, Addison, G, Ade, P, Aiola, S, Allison, R, Amiri, M, Angile, E, Battaglia, N, Beall, J, De Bernardis, F, Bond, J, Britton, J, Calabrese, E, Cho, H, Choi, S, Coughlin, K, Crichton, D, Crowley, K, Datta, R, Devlin, M, Dicker, S, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Ferraro, S, Fox, A, Gallardo, P, Gralla, M, Halpern, M, Henderson, S, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Patty Ho, S, Huang, Z, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Infante, L, Irwin, K, Kasanda, S, Klein, J, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Li, D, Madhavacheril, M, Marriage, T, Mcmahon, J, Menanteau, F, Moodley, K, Munson, C, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, J, Niemack, M, Nolta, M, Nuñez, C, Page, L, Pappas, C, Partridge, B, Rojas, F, Schaan, E, Schmitt, B, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, B, Sievers, J, Simon, S, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Switzer, E, Thornton, R, Trac, H, Treu, J, Tucker, C, Engelen, A, Ward, J, and Wollack, E

Subjects
cosmological model, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, Particle and Plasma Physics, CMBR experiments, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, media_common, QB, helium: primordial, Physics, Hubble constant, Celestial equator, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, cosmological parameters from CMBR, Planck temperature, CMB cold spot, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, symbols, astro-ph.CO, power spectrum: angular dependence, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Neutrino, CMBR experiment, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, CMBR polarisation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), satellite: Planck, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, Planck, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, beam: polarization, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, baryon: density, Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Sky, WMAP, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Hubble's law
Abstract

We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra measured by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter (ACTPol). We analyze night-time data collected during 2013-14 using two detector arrays at 149 GHz, from 548 deg$^2$ of sky on the celestial equator. We use these spectra, and the spectra measured with the MBAC camera on ACT from 2008-10, in combination with Planck and WMAP data to estimate cosmological parameters from the temperature, polarization, and temperature-polarization cross-correlations. We find the new ACTPol data to be consistent with the LCDM model. The ACTPol temperature-polarization cross-spectrum now provides stronger constraints on multiple parameters than the ACTPol temperature spectrum, including the baryon density, the acoustic peak angular scale, and the derived Hubble constant. Adding the new data to planck temperature data tightens the limits on damping tail parameters, for example reducing the joint uncertainty on the number of neutrino species and the primordial helium fraction by 20%., 23 pages, 25 figures

Published
2017

42. Evidence for the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and velocity reconstruction from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey

Author

Simone Aiola, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Matthew Hasselfield, Neelima Sehgal, J. Colin Hill, Loïc Maurin, Kent D. Irwin, Suzanne T. Staggs, Edward J. Wollack, Kavilan Moodley, M. Lungu, Michael D. Niemack, Bruce Partridge, Laura Newburgh, J. Richard Bond, Brian J. Koopman, Jeff McMahon, Jonathan Sievers, Dale Li, Francesco De Bernardis, Hsiao-Mei Cho, David N. Spergel, Sigurd Naess, Thibaut Louis, Adam D. Hincks, Mariana Vargas-Magaña, Arthur Kosowsky, Shawn W. Henderson, Christine G. Pappas, Erminia Calabrese, Lyman A. Page, John P. Hughes, Emmanuel Schaan, Johannes Hubmayr, Simone Ferraro, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Nicholas Battaglia, Federico Nati, Shirley Ho, Blake D. Sherwin, Joanna Dunkley, Alexander van Engelen, Renée Hlozek, Kendrick M. Smith, Schaan, E, Ferraro, S, Vargas-Magaña, M, Smith Kendrick, M, Ho, S, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Bond J., R, De Bernardis, F, Calabrese, E, Cho, H, Devlin Mark, J, Dunkley, J, Gallardo Patricio, A, Hasselfield, M, Henderson, S, Hill J., C, Hincks Adam, D, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Hughes John, P, Irwin Kent, D, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Li, D, Louis, T, Lungu, M, Madhavacheril, M, Maurin, L, Mcmahon Jeffrey, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack Michael, D, Page Lyman, A, Pappas Christine, G, Partridge, B, Schmitt Benjamin, L, Sehgal, N, Sherwin Blake, D, Sievers Jonathan, L, Spergel David, N, Staggs Suzanne, T, Van Engelen, A, and Wollack Edward, J

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Active galactic nucleus, Dark matter, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, Galaxy groups and clusters, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Quantum Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Molecular, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Redshift, Galaxy, Baryon, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

Author(s): Schaan, E; Ferraro, S; Vargas-Magana, M; Smith, KM; Ho, S; Aiola, S; Battaglia, N; Bond, JR; De Bernardis, F; Calabrese, E; Cho, HM; Devlin, MJ; Dunkley, J; Gallardo, PA; Hasselfield, M; Henderson, S; Hill, JC; Hincks, AD; Hlozek, R; Hubmayr, J; Hughes, JP; Irwin, KD; Koopman, B; Kosowsky, A; Li, D; Louis, T; Lungu, M; Madhavacheril, M; Maurin, L; McMahon, JJ; Moodley, K; Naess, S; Nati, F; Newburgh, L; Niemack, MD; Page, LA; Pappas, CG; Partridge, B; Schmitt, BL; Sehgal, N; Sherwin, BD; Sievers, JL; Spergel, DN; Staggs, ST; Van Engelen, A; Wollack, EJ | Abstract: We use microwave temperature maps from two seasons of data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope at 146 GHz, together with the "Constant Mass" CMASS galaxy sample from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey to measure the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect over the redshift range z=0.4-0.7. We use galaxy positions and the continuity equation to obtain a reconstruction of the line-of-sight velocity field. We stack the microwave temperature at the location of each halo, weighted by the corresponding reconstructed velocity. We vary the size of the aperture photometry filter used, thus probing the free electron profile of these halos from within the virial radius out to three virial radii, on the scales relevant for investigating the missing baryons problem. The resulting best fit kSZ model is preferred over the no-kSZ hypothesis at 3.3 and 2.9σ for two independent velocity reconstruction methods, using 25,537 galaxies over 660 square degrees. The data suggest that the baryon profile is shallower than the dark matter in the inner regions of the halos probed here, potentially due to energy injection from active galactic nucleus or supernovae. Thus, by constraining the gas profile on a wide range of scales, this technique will be useful for understanding the role of feedback in galaxy groups and clusters. The effect of foregrounds that are uncorrelated with the galaxy velocities is expected to be well below our signal, and residual thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich contamination is controlled by masking the most massive clusters. Finally, we discuss the systematics involved in converting our measurement of the kSZ amplitude into the mean free electron fraction of the halos in our sample.

Published
2016

43. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Combined kinematic and thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich measurements from BOSS CMASS and LOWZ halos

Author

Schaan, Emmanuel, Ferraro, Simone, Amodeo, Stefania, Battaglia, Nick, Aiola, Simone, Austermann, Jason E., Beall, James A., Bean, Rachel, Becker, Daniel T., Bond, Richard J., Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Choi, Steve K., Denison, Edward V., Devlin, Mark J., Duff, Shannon M., Duivenvoorden, Adriaan J., Dunkley, Jo, Dünner, Rolando, Gallardo, Patricio A., Guan, Yilun, Han, Dongwon, Hill, J. Colin, Hilton, Gene C., Hilton, Matt, Hložek, Renée, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin M., Hughes, John P., Koopman, Brian J., MacInnis, Amanda, McMahon, Jeff, Madhavacheril, Mathew S., Moodley, Kavilan, Mroczkowski, Tony, Naess, Sigurd, Nati, Federico, Newburgh, Laura B., Niemack, Michael D., Page, Lyman A., Partridge, Bruce, Salatino, Maria, Sehgal, Neelima, Schillaci, Alessandro, Sifón, Cristóbal, Smith, Kendrick M., Spergel, David N., Staggs, Suzanne, Storer, Emilie R., Trac, Hy, Page, A., Ullom, Joel N., Van Lanen, Jeff, R. Vale, Leila, van Engelen, Alexander, Vargas Magaña, Mariana, M. Vavagiakis, Eve, Wollack, Edward J., Xu, Zhilei, Schaan, E, Ferraro, S, Amodeo, S, Battaglia, N, Aiola, S, Austermann, J, Beall, J, Bean, R, Becker, D, Bond, R, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Choi, S, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Gallardo, P, Guan, Y, Han, D, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Macinnis, A, Mcmahon, J, Madhavacheril, M, Moodley, K, Mroczkowski, T, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Salatino, M, Sehgal, N, Schillaci, A, Sifon, C, Smith, K, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Trac, H, Ullom, J, Van Lanen, J, Vale, L, Van Engelen, A, Magana, M, Vavagiakis, E, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.GA, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, High resolution, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, CMB, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, symbols.namesake, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, Planck, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Quantum Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Redshift, Galaxy, 13. Climate action, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Atacama Cosmology Telescope, symbols, astro-ph.CO, Halo, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons off the free-electron gas in galaxies and clusters leaves detectable imprints on high resolution CMB maps: the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects (tSZ and kSZ respectively). We use combined microwave maps from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) DR5 and Planck in combination with the CMASS and LOWZ galaxy catalogs from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS DR10 and DR12), to study the gas associated with these galaxy groups. Using individual reconstructed velocities, we perform a stacking analysis and reject the no-kSZ hypothesis at 6.5$\sigma$, the highest significance to date. This directly translates into a measurement of the electron number density profile, and thus of the gas density profile. Despite the limited signal to noise, the measurement shows at high significance that the gas density profile is more extended than the dark matter density profile, for any reasonable baryon abundance (formally $>90\sigma$ for the cosmic baryon abundance). We simultaneously measure the tSZ signal, i.e. the electron thermal pressure profile of the same CMASS objects, and reject the no-tSZ hypothesis at 10$\sigma$. We combine tSZ and kSZ measurements to estimate the electron temperature to 20% precision in several aperture bins, and find it comparable to the virial temperature. In a companion paper, we analyze these measurements to constrain the gas thermodynamics and the properties of feedback inside galaxy groups. We present the corresponding LOWZ measurements in this paper, ruling out a null kSZ (tSZ) signal at 2.9 (13.9)$\sigma$, and leave their interpretation to future work. Our stacking software ThumbStack is publicly available at https://github.com/EmmanuelSchaan/ThumbStack and directly applicable to future Simons Observatory and CMB-S4 data., Comment: Accepted in Physical Review D, Editors' Suggestion

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44. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Weighing Distant Clusters with the Most Ancient Light

Author

Nicholas Battaglia, Johannes Hubmayr, Laura Newburgh, Kavilan Moodley, Rolando Dünner, Suzanne T. Staggs, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Amanda MacInnis, Sigurd Naess, Shannon M. Duff, Edward V. Denison, J. Colin Hill, Steve K. Choi, David N. Spergel, Dongwon Han, Kevin M. Huffenberger, J. Richard Bond, Frank J. Qu, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Gene C. Hilton, Jason E. Austermann, Emilie Storer, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Federico Nati, Blake D. Sherwin, Mark J. Devlin, Sara M. Simon, Arthur Kosowsky, Brian J. Koopman, Jeff McMahon, Maria Salatino, Toshiya Namikawa, Zhilei Xu, Matt Hilton, Jeff Van Lanen, Alexander van Engelen, Joel N. Ullom, Neelima Sehgal, Stefania Amodeo, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Cristóbal Sifón, John P. Hughes, Eunseong Lee, Emmanuel Schaan, Simone Ferraro, Bruce Partridge, Simon Dicker, N. C. Robertson, James A. Beall, Patricio A. Gallardo, Yilun Guan, Alessandro Schillaci, Erminia Calabrese, Lyman A. Page, Jo Dunkley, Daniel T. Becker, Leila R. Vale, Thibaut Louis, Edward J. Wollack, Simone Aiola, Michael D. Niemack, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ACT, Namikawa, Toshiya [0000-0003-3070-9240], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Madhavacheril, M, Sifon, C, Battaglia, N, Aiola, S, Amodeo, S, Austermann, J, Beall, J, Becker, D, Richard Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Dicker, S, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Gallardo, P, Guan, Y, Han, D, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, van Lanen, J, Lee, E, Louis, T, Macinnis, A, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Qu, F, Robertson, N, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, B, Simon, S, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Ullom, J, Vale, L, van Engelen, A, Vavagiakis, E, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, astro-ph.GA, Cosmic microwave background, Population, Gravitational lensing, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, High-redshift galaxy clusters, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Cosmic microwave background radiation, 0103 physical sciences, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, education.field_of_study, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, gravitational lensing, cosmic microwave background, Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We use gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) to measure the mass of the most distant blindly-selected sample of galaxy clusters on which a lensing measurement has been performed to date. In CMB data from the the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and the Planck satellite, we detect the stacked lensing effect from 677 near-infrared-selected galaxy clusters from the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS), which have a mean redshift of $ \langle z \rangle = 1.08$. There are no current optical weak lensing measurements of clusters that match the distance and average mass of this sample. We detect the lensing signal with a significance of $4.2 \sigma$. We model the signal with a halo model framework to find the mean mass of the population from which these clusters are drawn. Assuming that the clusters follow Navarro-Frenk-White density profiles, we infer a mean mass of $\langle M_{500c}\rangle = \left(1.7 \pm 0.4 \right)\times10^{14}\,\mathrm{M}_\odot$. We consider systematic uncertainties from cluster redshift errors, centering errors, and the shape of the NFW profile. These are all smaller than 30% of our reported uncertainty. This work highlights the potential of CMB lensing to enable cosmological constraints from the abundance of distant clusters populating ever larger volumes of the observable Universe, beyond the capabilities of optical weak lensing measurements., Comment: 14 pages, 3 figures, matches version accepted in ApJL, code available at https://github.com/ACTCollaboration/madcows_lensing/

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45. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: arcminute-resolution maps of 18 000 square degrees of the microwave sky from ACT 2008–2018 data combined with Planck

Author

Emmanuel Schaan, Johannes Hubmayr, Mark Halpern, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Thibaut Louis, Rolando Dünner, Erminia Calabrese, Bruce Partridge, Rahul Datta, Lyman A. Page, Leila R. Vale, Jamie Stevens, Nick Battaglia, Jason E. Austermann, Kavilan Moodley, Joel N. Ullom, John P. Nibarger, Zhilei Xu, Shannon M. Duff, Edward V. Denison, Renée Hložek, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Michael D. Niemack, John P. Hughes, Daniel T. Becker, Emilie Storer, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Nicholas F. Cothard, Dongwon Han, Blake D. Sherwin, Steve K. Choi, Cristóbal Sifón, Omar Darwish, Maria Salatino, J. Colin Hill, Sigurd Naess, Jeff McMahon, Richard J. Bond, Adam D. Hincks, Federico Nati, Matt Hilton, Jeff Van Lanen, Arthur Kosowsky, Alexander van Engelen, Suzanne T. Staggs, Gene C. Hilton, Cody J. Duell, Eve M. Vavagiakis, David N. Spergel, James A. Beall, Kevin T. Crowley, Alessandro Schillaci, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Anna E. Fox, Simone Aiola, Matthew Hasselfield, Edward J. Wollack, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Neelima Sehgal, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Naess, S, Aiola, S, Austermann, J, Battaglia, N, Beall, J, Becker, D, Bond, R, Calabrese, E, Choi, S, Cothard, N, Crowley, K, Darwish, O, Datta, R, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Duell, C, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Fox, A, Gallardo, P, Halpern, M, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Ho, S, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Kosowsky, A, Louis, T, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Nati, F, Nibarger, J, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Sherwin, B, Sehgal, N, Sifon, C, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Stevens, J, Storer, E, Ullom, J, Vale, L, van Engelen, A, van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, E, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
CMBR polarisation, Point source, Milky Way, media_common.quotation_subject, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, symbols.namesake, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, CMBR experiments, Nuclear, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Planck, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Galaxy, Stars, Sky, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, symbols, astro-ph.CO, CMBR experiment, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

International audience; This paper presents a maximum-likelihood algorithm for combining sky maps with disparate sky coverage, angular resolution and spatially varying anisotropic noise into a single map of the sky. We use this to merge hundreds of individual maps covering the 2008–2018 ACT observing seasons, resulting in by far the deepest ACT maps released so far. We also combine the maps with the full Planck maps, resulting in maps that have the best features of both Planck and ACT: Planck's nearly white noise on intermediate and large angular scales and ACT's high-resolution and sensitivity on small angular scales. The maps cover over 18 000 square degrees, nearly half the full sky, at 100, 150 and 220 GHz. They reveal 4 000 optically-confirmed clusters through the Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect (SZ) and 18 500 point source candidates at > 5σ, the largest single collection of SZ clusters and millimeter wave sources to date. The multi-frequency maps provide millimeter images of nearby galaxies and individual Milky Way nebulae, and even clear detections of several nearby stars. Other anticipated uses of these maps include, for example, thermal SZ and kinematic SZ cluster stacking, CMB cluster lensing and galactic dust science. The method itself has negligible bias. However, due to the preliminary nature of some of the component data sets, we caution that these maps should not be used for precision cosmological analysis. The maps are part of ACT DR5, and will be made available on \href{https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/}{LAMBDA} no later than three months after the journal publication of this article, along with an interactive sky atlas.

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46. The Simons Observatory: science goals and forecasts

Author

Ade, Peter, Aguirre, James, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Aiola, Simone, Ali, Aamir, Alonso, David, Alvarez, Marcelo A., Arnold, Kam, Ashton, Peter, Austermann, Jason, Awan, Humna, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Baildon, Taylor, Barron, Darcy, Battaglia, Nick, Battye, Richard, Baxter, Eric, Bazarko, Andrew, Beall, James A., Bean, Rachel, Beck, Dominic, Beckman, Shawn, Beringue, Benjamin, Bianchini, Federico, Boada, Steven, Boettger, David, Richard Bond, J., Borrill, Julian, Brown, Michael L., Bruno, Sarah Marie, Bryan, Sean, Calabrese, Erminia, Calafut, Victoria, Calisse, Paolo, Carron, Julien, Challinor, Anthony, Chesmore, Grace, Chinone, Yuji, Chluba, Jens, Cho, Hsiao-Mei Sherry, Choi, Steve, Coppi, Gabriele, Cothard, Nicholas F., Coughlin, Kevin, Crichton, Devin, Crowley, Kevin D., Crowley, Kevin T., Cukierman, Ari, D`Ewart, Mitch, Dünner, Rolando, de Haan, Tijmen, Devlin, Mark, Dicker, Simon, DIDIER, JOY, Dobbs, Matt, Dober, Bradley, Duell, Cody, Duff, Shannon, Duivenvoorden, Adri, Dunkley, Jo, Dusatko, John, Errard, Josquin, Fabbian, Giulio, Feeney, Stephen, Ferraro, Simone, Fluxà, Pedro, Freese, Katherine, Frisch, Josef, Frolov, Andrei, Fuller, George, Fuzia, Brittany, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gallardo, Patricio A., Galvez Ghersi, Jose Tomas, Gao, Jiansong, Gawiser, Eric, Gerbino, Martina, Gluscevic, Vera, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Golec, Joseph, Gordon, Sam, Gralla, Megan, Green, Daniel, Grigorian, Arpi, Groh, John, Groppi, Chris, Guan, Yilun, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Han, Dongwon, Hargrave, Peter, Hasegawa, Masaya, Hasselfield, Matthew, Hattori, Makoto, Haynes, Victor, Hazumi, Masashi, He, Yizhou, Healy, Erin, Henderson, Shawn, Hervias-Caimapo, Carlos, Hill, Charles A., Colin Hill, J., HILTON, GENE, Hilton, Matt, Hincks, Adam D., Hinshaw, Gary, Hložek, Renée, Ho, Shirley, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty, Howe, Logan, Huang, Zhiqi, Hubmayr, Johannes, Huffenberger, Kevin, Hughes, John P., Ijjas, Anna, Ikape, Margaret, Irwin, Kent, Jaffe, Andrew H., Jain, Bhuvnesh, Jeong, Oliver, Kaneko, Daisuke, Karpel, Ethan, Katayama, Nobuhiko, Keating, Brian, Kernasovski, Sarah, Keskitalo, Reijo, Kisner, Theodore, Kiuchi, Kenji, Klein, Jeff, Knowles, Kenda, Koopman, Brian, Kosowsky, Arthur, Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta, Kuenstner, Stephen, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kusaka, Akito, Lashner, Jacob, Lee, Adrian, Lee, Eunseong, Leon, David, Leung, Jason S.-Y., Lewis, Antony, Li, Yaqiong, Li, Zack, Limon, Michele, Linder, Eric, Lopez-Caraballo, Carlos, Louis, Thibaut, Lowry, Lindsay, Lungu, Marius, Madhavacheril, Mathew, Mak, Daisy, Maldonado, Felipe, Mani, Hamdi, Mates, Ben, Matsuda, Frederick, Maurin, Loïc, Mauskopf, Phil, May, Andrew, McCallum, Nialh, McKenney, Chris, McMahon, Jeff, Daniel Meerburg, P., Meyers, Joel, Miller, Amber, Mirmelstein, Mark, Moodley, Kavilan, Munchmeyer, Moritz, Munson, Charles, Naess, Sigurd, Nati, Federico, Navaroli, Martin, Newburgh, Laura, Nguyen, Ho Nam, Niemack, Mike, Nishino, Haruki, Orlowski-Scherer, John, Page, Lyman, Partridge, Bruce, Peloton, Julien, Perrotta, Francesca, Piccirillo, Lucio, Pisano, Giampaolo, Poletti, Davide, Puddu, Roberto, Puglisi, Giuseppe, Raum, Chris, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rephaeli, Yoel, Riechers, Dominik, Rojas, Felipe, Roy, Anirban, Sadeh, Sharon, Sakurai, Yuki, Salatino, Maria, Rao, Mayuri Sathyanarayana, Schaan, Emmanuel, Schmittfull, Marcel, Sehgal, Neelima, Seibert, Joseph, Seljak, Uros, Sherwin, Blake, Shimon, Meir, Sierra, Carlos, Sievers, Jonathan, Sikhosana, Precious, Silva-Feaver, Max, Simon, Sara M., Sinclair, Adrian, Siritanasak, Praween, Smith, Kendrick, Smith, Steve, Spergel, David, Staggs, Suzanne, Stein, George, Stevens, Jason R., Stompor, Radek, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tajima, Osamu, Takakura, Satoru, Teply, Grant, Thomas, Daniel B., Thorne, Ben, Thornton, Robert, Trac, Hy, Tsai, Calvin, Tucker, Carole, Ullom, Joel, Vagnozzi, Sunny, van Engelen, Alexander, Van Lanen, Jeff, van Winkle, Dan, Vavagiakis, Eve M., Vergès, Clara, Vissers, Michael, Wagoner, Kasey, Walker, Samantha, Ward, Jon, WESTBROOK, BEN, Whitehorn, Nathan, Williams, Jason, Williams, Joel, Wollack, Edward J., Xu, Zhilei, Ye, Jiani, Yu, Byeonghee, Yu, Cyndria, Zago, Fernando, Zhang, Hezi, Zhu, Ningfeng, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Simons Observatory, Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), ANR-17-CE31-0022,BxB,Champs B interstellaires et modes B de l'inflation(2017), Ade, P, Aguirre, J, Ahmed, Z, Aiola, S, Ali, A, Alonso, D, Alvarez, M, Arnold, K, Ashton, P, Austermann, J, Awan, H, Baccigalupi, C, Baildon, T, Barron, D, Battaglia, N, Battye, R, Baxter, E, Bazarko, A, Beall, J, Bean, R, Beck, D, Beckman, S, Beringue, B, Bianchini, F, Boada, S, Boettger, D, Bond, J, Borrill, J, Brown, M, Bruno, S, Bryan, S, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Calisse, P, Carron, J, Challinor, A, Chesmore, G, Chinone, Y, Chluba, J, Cho, H, Choi, S, Coppi, G, Cothard, N, Coughlin, K, Crichton, D, Crowley, K, Cukierman, A, D'Ewart, J, Dünner, R, de Haan, T, Devlin, M, Dicker, S, Didier, J, Dobbs, M, Dober, B, Duell, C, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dusatko, J, Errard, J, Fabbian, G, Feeney, S, Ferraro, S, Fluxà, P, Freese, K, Frisch, J, Frolov, A, Fuller, G, Fuzia, B, Galitzki, N, Gallardo, P, Ghersi, J, Gao, J, Gawiser, E, Gerbino, M, Gluscevic, V, Goeckner-Wald, N, Golec, J, Gordon, S, Gralla, M, Green, D, Grigorian, A, Groh, J, Groppi, C, Guan, Y, Gudmundsson, J, Han, D, Hargrave, P, Hasegawa, M, Hasselfield, M, Hattori, M, Haynes, V, Hazumi, M, He, Y, Healy, E, Henderson, S, Hervias-Caimapo, C, Hill, C, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hincks, A, Hinshaw, G, Hložek, R, Ho, S, Howe, L, Huang, Z, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Ijjas, A, Ikape, M, Irwin, K, Jaffe, A, Jain, B, Jeong, O, Kaneko, D, Karpel, E, Katayama, N, Keating, B, Kernasovskiy, S, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, T, Kiuchi, K, Klein, J, Knowles, K, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Krachmalnicoff, N, Kuenstner, S, Kuo, C, Kusaka, A, Lashner, J, Lee, A, Lee, E, Leon, D, Leung, J, Lewis, A, Li, Y, Li, Z, Limon, M, Linder, E, Lopez-Caraballo, C, Louis, T, Lowry, L, Lungu, M, Madhavacheril, M, Mak, D, Maldonado, F, Mani, H, Mates, B, Matsuda, F, Maurin, L, Mauskopf, P, May, A, Mccallum, N, Mckenney, C, Mcmahon, J, Meerburg, P, Meyers, J, Miller, A, Mirmelstein, M, Moodley, K, Munchmeyer, M, Munson, C, Naess, S, Nati, F, Navaroli, M, Newburgh, L, Nguyen, H, Niemack, M, Nishino, H, Orlowski-Scherer, J, Page, L, Partridge, B, Peloton, J, Perrotta, F, Piccirillo, L, Pisano, G, Poletti, D, Puddu, R, Puglisi, G, Raum, C, Reichardt, C, Remazeilles, M, Rephaeli, Y, Riechers, D, Rojas, F, Roy, A, Sadeh, S, Sakurai, Y, Salatino, M, Rao, M, Schaan, E, Schmittfull, M, Sehgal, N, Seibert, J, Seljak, U, Sherwin, B, Shimon, M, Sierra, C, Sievers, J, Sikhosana, P, Silva-Feaver, M, Simon, S, Sinclair, A, Siritanasak, P, Smith, K, Smith, S, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Stein, G, Stevens, J, Stompor, R, Suzuki, A, Tajima, O, Takakura, S, Teply, G, Thomas, D, Thorne, B, Thornton, R, Trac, H, Tsai, C, Tucker, C, Ullom, J, Vagnozzi, S, Engelen, A, Lanen, J, Winkle, D, Vavagiakis, E, Vergès, C, Vissers, M, Wagoner, K, Walker, S, Ward, J, Westbrook, B, Whitehorn, N, Williams, J, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Yu, B, Yu, C, Zago, F, Zhang, H, Zhu, N, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and High-Energy Frontier

Subjects
CMBR polarisation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, law.invention, Telescope, symbols.namesake, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, CMBR experiments, Cosmological parameters from CMBR, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Planck, Reionization, QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Settore FIS/05, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, cosmological parameters from CMBR, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Gravitational lens, 13. Climate action, Sky, symbols, astro-ph.CO, Neutrino, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The Simons Observatory (SO) is a new cosmic microwave background experiment being built on Cerro Toco in Chile, due to begin observations in the early 2020s. We describe the scientific goals of the experiment, motivate the design, and forecast its performance. SO will measure the temperature and polarization anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background in six frequency bands: 27, 39, 93, 145, 225 and 280 GHz. The initial configuration of SO will have three small-aperture 0.5-m telescopes (SATs) and one large-aperture 6-m telescope (LAT), with a total of 60,000 cryogenic bolometers. Our key science goals are to characterize the primordial perturbations, measure the number of relativistic species and the mass of neutrinos, test for deviations from a cosmological constant, improve our understanding of galaxy evolution, and constrain the duration of reionization. The SATs will target the largest angular scales observable from Chile, mapping ~10% of the sky to a white noise level of 2 $\mu$K-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, to measure the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, at a target level of $\sigma(r)=0.003$. The LAT will map ~40% of the sky at arcminute angular resolution to an expected white noise level of 6 $\mu$K-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, overlapping with the majority of the LSST sky region and partially with DESI. With up to an order of magnitude lower polarization noise than maps from the Planck satellite, the high-resolution sky maps will constrain cosmological parameters derived from the damping tail, gravitational lensing of the microwave background, the primordial bispectrum, and the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects, and will aid in delensing the large-angle polarization signal to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio. The survey will also provide a legacy catalog of 16,000 galaxy clusters and more than 20,000 extragalactic sources., Comment: This paper presents an overview of the Simons Observatory science goals, details about the instrument will be presented in a companion paper. The author contribution to this paper is available at https://simonsobservatory.org/publications.php (Abstract abridged) -- matching version published in JCAP

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