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Purpose: To evaluate the location, magnitude, and change over time of osteolysis of coracoid grafts after Latarjet procedure.Methods: This is a retrospective study of 54 patients (55 shoulders) who underwent the Latarjet procedure. Three-dimensional computed tomography (CT) scans were performed preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and at follow-up (mean 7.7 and 31.7 months postoperative). "En face" views of the glenoid, size of glenoid defect and changes in the glenoid surface area postoperatively were measured relative to the area of an assumed outer-fitting circle. On the oblique sagittal planes, location and subsequent severity of osteolysis of the graft at follow-up were documented.Results: The mean glenoid surface area increased significantly from 79.7 ± 4.8% of the original circle preoperatively to 111.3 ± 8.0% immediately postoperatively. At 7.7 and 31.7 months of follow-up, glenoid surface area decreased to 102.2 ± 6.0% and 100.3 ± 5.3%, respectively. Osteolysis occurred on the outer side of the graft in all cases, but did not occur on the inner side. Maximum osteolysis was observed in the superior third of the graft (78.5 ± 17.1%), followed by the middle third (15.8 ± 10.4%), and the inferior third (8.0 ± 5.1%). No significant difference in magnitude of osteolysis was observed between 7.7 and 31.7 months of follow-up.Conclusion: Osteolysis of the grafted coracoid mainly occurred on the outer side of the superior portion, resulting in reshaping of the rectangular shape of graft coracoids after Latarjet procedure. Coracoid graft remodelling was almost completed approximately 8 months postoperatively to reach the original glenoid dish with no further changes thereafter. These results may help surgeons to understand changes of grafts after the surgery.Level Of Evidence: IV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes, including the level of return to sport, of collision and non-collision athletes who had the Latarjet procedure.Methods: A total of 56 shoulders of 29 collision and 27 non-collision athletes were retrospectively analyzed. All study participants underwent the Latarjet procedure between 2007 and 2014. Median age at the time of surgery was 26.5 years(18-43) and follow-up duration was 67.0 months(24-113).Results: At the final follow-up, 54 (96.4%) patients returned to sports. Nine patients (16.1%) returned to the same level of sports. In a group of collision athletes, 1 patient (3.4%) returned to the same level, 16 (55.2%) returned to lower level, 10 (34.5%) changed sports, and 2 (6.9%) quit sports. In a group of noncollision athletes, 8 (29.6%) returned to same level, 11 (40.7%) returned at a lower level and 8 (29.6%) changed sports. The level of return to sports in collision group was statistically different from that in noncollision group (p = 0.046). The mean VAS, Rowe and UCLA scores improved significantly in both groups (p < 0.001) with no statistically significant difference between both groups.Conclusions: Although the clinical outcomes were not significantly different between collision and non-collision athletes, the level of return to sports was significantly higher in the non-collision group than in the collision group. The result suggests that the level of physical demand according to sport type is an important prognostic factor which predicts the level of return to sport after the Lartarjet procedure in athletes.Level Of Evidence: IV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The risk factors of glenohumeral arthritis after the Latarjet procedure remain relatively unexplored. The purposes of this study are to evaluate the clinical significance of glenohumeral arthritis after the Latarjet procedure, and to investigate risk factors associated with arthritis progression.Methods: We evaluated 110 patients (110 shoulders) who underwent the Latarjet procedure for recurrent anterior shoulder instability. Patients had a mean age of 23.8 years (range, 14-52 years) at the time of the operation, and the mean duration of follow-up was 31 months (range, 24-111 months).Results: At the last follow-up, the mean Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Rowe and University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) scores significantly improved from 3.1, 36.5 and 23.6 points preoperatively to 1.6, 87.6 and 32.6 points (all P < 0.05, respectively). The postoperative rate of recurrence was 5.4%. Among the 14 shoulders with preoperative arthritis, 8 (57.1%) showed progression of arthritis at the last follow up. New occurrence or progression of arthritis after the Latarjet procedure was in 20 shoulders (18.2%). At the final, overall prevalence of arthritis was 23.6% (26 shoulders). The non-arthritis group showed significantly better functional outcomes (VAS score: 0.9, Rowe Score: 89.3, UCLA score: 33.5) than the arthritis group (2.1, 84.9, 29.2; all P < 0.05, respectively). Preoperative generalized laxity and lateral overhang were associated with glenohumeral arthritis progression after surgery. (all P < 0.05, retrospectively).Conclusion: The Latarjet procedure yielded satisfactory functional outcomes with low recurrent rate at mid-term follow-up. Development or progression of arthritis was observed in 18.2% of patients, postoperatively. Glenohumeral arthritis after the Latarjet procedure had an adverse effect on clinical outcome. Generalized laxity and lateral overhang should be considered as risk factors of progression to glenohumeral arthritis after the Latarjet procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]