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Start Over Topic arctiin Topic descriptive statistics Topic plant extracts
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1. Simultaneous determination of arctiin and its metabolites in rat urine and feces by HPLC.

Author

Wang, Wei, Pan, Qiang, Han, Xue-Ying, Wang, Jing, Tan, Ri-Qiu, He, Fan, Dou, De-Qiang, and Kang, Ting-Guo

Subjects
*FECAL analysis, *ALTERNATIVE medicine, *ANIMAL experimentation, *BIOPHYSICS, *PHYSICAL & theoretical chemistry, *CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis, *DRUG stability, *DRUG storage, *HIGH performance liquid chromatography, *LIGNANS, *MASS spectrometry, *RESEARCH methodology, *MEDICINAL plants, *ORAL drug administration, *RATS, *RESEARCH funding, *PLANT extracts, *DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract

Abstract: Arctiin, an important lignan compound in Fructus Arctii, has been reported to possess various kinds of bioactivities. Previous studies on the pharmacokinetic of arctiin after oral administration showed that it had a rapid absorption phase followed by a sharp but lasting disappearance. To gain deep insight into the action mechanism of arctiin, the excretion and metabolism of arctiin in vivo should be further studied. In this paper, three metabolites were isolated and identified in rat feces as (−)-enterolactone (M-1), (−)-arctigenin (M-2) and [(2R,3R)-2-(3′-hydroxybenzyl)-3-(3″,4″-dimethoxybenzyl)-butyrolactone] (M-3). Based on the structures of three metabolites, possible metabolic pathways of arctiin in rats are proposed. At the same time, the cumulative excretion rate of arctiin and its metabolites in rat urine and feces were determined, indicating that arctiin was excreted 19.84% in urine and 1.80% in feces, respectively, enterolactone, the most main metabolite, was excreted 35.80% in feces. These results provide very important information for understanding the metabolism and excretion of arctiin in vivo and speculating its action mechanism, they can provide useful information and reference for further metabolic investigations on arctiin in humans. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Published
2013
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2. Effects of Arctiin on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Retinopathy in Sprague-Dawley Rats.

Author

Lai-chun Lu, Wei Zhou, Zhuo-heng Li, Cai-ping Yu, Chen-wen Li, Ming-he Luo, and Hong Xie

Subjects
AMINOGLYCOSIDES, ANALYSIS of variance, ANIMAL experimentation, BIOLOGICAL assay, BIOPHYSICS, BLOOD viscosity, BLOOD sugar, CELL physiology, DIABETES, DIABETIC retinopathy, EDEMA, GLYCOSYLATED hemoglobin, HIGH performance liquid chromatography, LIGNANS, RESEARCH methodology, MOLECULAR structure, RATS, RESEARCH funding, RETINA, STATISTICAL sampling, SEEDS, STATISTICS, THIN layer chromatography, TIME, TISSUE culture, PLANT extracts, DATA analysis, VASCULAR endothelial growth factors, DATA analysis software, DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common and severe complications of diabetes mellitus. Arctiin, a bioactive compound isolated from the dry seeds of Arctium lappa L., has been reported to have antidiabetic activity. In this study, we investigated the effect of arctiin on the serum glucose and HBA1c levels, the blood viscosity, and VEGF expression in the retinal tissues of rats with diabetic retinopathy. We first extracted arctiin from Fructus Arctii and then investigated its chemopreventive effect on streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy in male Sprague-Dawley rats. After the induction of diabetes using streptozotocin (30mg/kg, i.p.), the rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 20 per group) and treated with intragastric doses of 30, 90, or 270mg/kg/d wt of arctiin, 100mg/kg/d wt of calcium dobesilate, or 0.5% CMC-Na. Twenty nondiabetic sham-treated rats were treated with 0.5% CMC-Na. The occurrence of diabetic retinopathy did not differ dramatically among the groups. However, at week 16, the glycosylated haemoglobin (HBA1c) level was significantly decreased in all of the arctiin-treated groups when compared with the control group, and the serum glucose level was also decreased in the rats treated with the highest dose of arctiin. In addition, treatment with arctiin ameliorated retinal oedema, detachment of the retina, and VEGF expression in the retina, as detected using histological and immunochemical examinations. Finally, arctiin increased the viability of retinal microvascular endothelial cells in vitro. Together, these findings demonstrate that arctiin decreases the severity of diabetic complications, demonstrating the importance of this compound as an inhibitor of diabetic retinopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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