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This article seeks to understand the current state of the field of special collections library administration in the United States. Using a dataset gathered through publicly available information about special collections directors from the Association of Research Libraries (ARL), Independent Research Libraries Association (IRLA), and the Oberlin Group institutional members, the authors explore the educational backgrounds of directors, the types of positions they held prior to taking on their current roles, and the effect of gender on leadership advancement. This article also discusses the similarities and differences between institution types as well as promotions within institutions and across types of institutions.

In June, 2001 the CITY2000 Foundation donated 500,000 photographic negatives, over 500 audio- and videotapes, and office archives to the University of Illinois at Chicago. The collection represents an image time capsule of a major American city during the year of the millennium. Every class of individual, event of the year, and neighborhood was explored by 200 professional photographers and brought together in this unique archive. As part of its agreement in accepting the archive, the UIC Library committed to making the collection available at least until the year 3000. This paper discusses the steps UIC is taking to make this possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses Section 108 of the United States Copyright Law. The rights of reproduction and distribution under this section apply to a copy or phonorecord of an unpublished work duplicated in facsimile form solely for purposes of preservation and security or for deposit for research use in another library or archives of the type described by clause (2) of subsection (a), if the copy or phonorecord reproduced is currently in the collections of the library or archives. The right of reproduction under this section applies to a copy or phonorecord of a published work duplicated in facsimile form. solely for the purpose of replacement of a copy or phonorecord that is damaged, deteriorating, lost, or stolen, if the library or archives has, after a reasonable effort, determined that an unused replacement cannot be obtained at a fair price.

This study examined the websites representing fourteen English-language children's literature archives and special collections in the United States to find key similarities and major differences among the websites' provision of information to distance users. The study took place during the COVID-19 pandemic and aimed to assess websites' usefulness for researchers whose access had been severely restricted by travel bans and safety issues. Although the circumstances of the study are unusual, the push toward remote learning, distance collaboration, and world-wide research indicates that this study will be of value and interest beyond the bounds of pandemic-related travel restrictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past ten years the Center for Research Libraries (CRL) has developed new ways to support cooperative development of critical research collections. CRL has expanded its role as a centralized aggregator of tangible collections to facilitate collection development, digitization, and licensing of collections by individual libraries and interest groups. This has required CRL to adopt new funding models, from partnerships and coalitions with key organizations, and use technology to support community engagement. Funding essential to this transition was provided by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, National Science Foundation, and the IMLS. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Using the opening of the National Emergency Library as an opportunity, four large publishers, Hachette Book Group, HarperCollins Publishers, John Wiley & Sons, and Penguin Random House, filed suit against the Internet Archive claiming copyright infringement. This article discusses the lawsuit and the claims on both sides before discussing the weaknesses for the parties, and recommending that negotiation would be the best way to move forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The Maps of Imaginary Places Collection at Cushing Memorial Library and Archives, Texas A&M University (TAMU) is a singular collaborative effort between two library departments at creating a collection that not only appeals to a wide range of patrons but shows how maps, fantasy, and popular culture intersect. In 2017, the Cushing Library mounted a popular exhibit showcasing highlights from this collection in order to bring the emotional and imaginative power of maps to a wider audience. This article describes how both the collection and exhibit were developed, as well as how they have been received by different patron groups, and includes as future directions for the collection. The principles and procedures for development of such a collection and exhibit are also described. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article highlights aspects of international serials and electronic resource management for the library-oriented organizations, publisher services and library schools. Topics discussed include award presentation at the London Book Fair (LBF), the new elected officers for the Association for Library Collections and Technical Services (ALCTS) and the revision of the recommended formats statement of the Library of Congress.

U.S. libraries, archives, and other memory institutions are stewards of some of the largest collections of copyrighted content in the world. These institutions hold billions of works, the vast majority of which have been created in the last century and are thus subject to copyright protection. This Article is about how these institutions interact with the copyright system and, in particular, how reforming section 108 of the Copyright Act--limitations on copyright for library and archive uses--can help these organizations in their efforts to preserve and make their collections more available to the world. This Article examines the situations in which section 108 works, where it fails, and where libraries rely on other tools, such as fair use, for preserving, archiving, and distributing works. Understanding section 108 in this context helps to clarify its intended purpose and, in turn, principles for reform. Over the last several decades, it has become clear that policymakers and librarians view section 108's principal purpose as providing a useful, clear, and unambiguous exception that practicing librarians can employ to make decisions about the use of copyrighted works in situations that frequently recur in libraries, supplementary to decisions made under other limitations such as fair use. So far, section 108 has largely failed to fulfill that purpose. This Article identifies five long-term principles that help explain why section 108 has failed in certain respects and can help guide reform efforts to make section 108 more useful in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing adoption and implementation of social media applications suggests a cultural shift in the way special collections departments communicate with external constituents. Research shows many social networking tools are used successfully to connect with special collections patrons, but limited documentation exists to describe whether special collections departments receive demonstrable returns for the time, effort, and energy expended to sustain social media activity. This article provides the results of an empirical study that examined social media usage in special collections departments at 125 Association of Research Libraries member institutions. By analyzing publicly available data from profiles on a variety of social media platforms, the authors explore how special collections units employ social networking tools and whether it is possible to determine success in terms of benefits received by the department, such as increased dialogue between departments and supporters. By using return on investment, this study found that special collections departments achieve moderate success when using social media to advertise collections, events, and activities, but they have little success when using social media to engage with external constituents. To address less successful aspects of social media projects, departments can engage in routine assessment activities, such as return on investment, to make the most of new technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many works that libraries, archives, and historical societies would like to digitize are "orphan works," that is, works for which the copyright holder either is unknown or cannot be located after a diligent search. Due to copyright risk if an owner later shows up, nonprofit libraries and similar institutions have been reluctant to digitize and make these works available, gready limiting access to important cultural and historical information. While a legislative fix may soon be proposed, this Article argues that legislation is not necessary to enable some uses of orphan works by nonprofit libraries and archives. Instead, U.S. copyright law's fair use doctrine, which allows certain unpermissioned uses of copyrighted works, provides a partial solution. Though it is an incomplete solution, fair use has some significant advantages over other approaches through which libraries and archives could make publicly beneficial uses of orphan works. Under fair use, there is no need to develop a licensing system, significandy reducing administrative and transactional costs, and eliminating socially wasteful license fees for works that are not on the market, and for which an owner is unlikely to exist. Second, fair use has the flexibility to accommodate change over time as libraries and archives discover the best ways to search for owners, preserve works, and make them available. Finally, allowing fair use of orphans by libraries and archives helps fulfill copyright's critical purposes of promoting the dissemination of knowledge and supporting speech and free expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on archive collection at several institutions, libraries, and websites. The Chicago Film Archives is a film archive dedicated to collecting, preserving and providing access to films related to the Midwest. Documents of 20th-Century Latin American and Latino Art is a digital archive that provides access to primary sources and documents related to the development of twentieth-century art in Latin America and among Latino populations in the U.S.

Over the past ten years, advances in technology have led to increased productivity and efficiency in nearly every area of librarianship. As a result, many music libraries across the United States are either beginning a special collections program or are turning to these collections for digitization; as special collections often consist of older materials no longer under copyright, they become priorities for digitization, which also affords a critical preservation benefit. As these collections grow, so does the need for funding, which is essential to their proper archival storage and long-term preservation. A review of the literature finds that little research has been published in the area of special collections fundraising, particularly specific to music; therefore, this article summarizes the literature and attempts to apply it to music special collections fundraising. Topics covered include grants and grant writing; employing a development officer or becoming one yourself; Friends' groups; and, annual funds and other fundraising methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the accumulation of primary resources for the study of performance in American libraries and museums. History of professional archival management in America that began with the establishment of the National Archives in 1934 and the creation of the Society of American Archivists in 1936; Methodologies used to document the holdings of performing-arts collections; Ways in which librarians and archivists are dealing with issues of creating data structures for the Internet.

Discusses the microfilm copies and inventories of archives nationales collected by the Library of Congress. Significance of the collection to U.S. historians; Launch of a campaign by the American Historical Association to amass a collection of sources after the Second World War; Development of a program by a Committee on Documentary Reproduction to encourage the reproduction of documentary material in foreign archives.

Presents information on several sources of the oral history of modern science in the U.S. Importance of the oral history of science and scientists; Focus of the first physics oral history and archival projects in 1961; Information included in the Smithsonian Institution Archives.

Presents updates on events and issues in the U.S. as of 2004. Information on the "Journal of American History"; Award won by Mark Peel of John Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland for his essay "On the Margins: Lodgers and Borders in Boston, 1860-1900; Papers acquired by the Historic New Orleans Collection.

The article lists the labor archives' holdings of the Society of American Archivists, related to the history of the trade union movement in the U.S. Information about the availability of a particular archives' holdings through national data bases is included where repositories have reported processed collections to the Research Libraries Information Network, the On-Line Computer Library Center Inc. or the National Union Catalogue of Manuscript Collections. Anne Rand Memorial Library of the International Longshoremen's and Warehousemen's Union in San Francisco, California contains a modest book collection of 4,000 volumes. The California Northcoast Labor/Community Archives Project has documents of terminated labor organizations in Northwestern California, the Redwood District Council of Lumber and Sawmill Workers, United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America. The non-print holdings at Southern California Library for Social Studies and Research include 25 documentary films on labor.

The labor history resources at the State Historical Society of Wisconsin are, in part, the result of the first systematic attempt to document the rise of working-class movements and trade unionism in the U.S. In the early 1890s, when Richard T. Ely joined the University of Wisconsin faculty in Madison, Wisconsin, the Society began assisting him in gathering source material for the study of the labor movement. When, in 1904, Ely formed the American Bureau of Industrial Research and brought John R. Commons to Madison, the Society began collecting labor material on a systematic basis. From the 1890s to the present, those collecting for the Society have had a very broad definition of the labor movement, including not only trade unions but also anarchism, communism, cooperation, socialism, utopianism, and other working-class movements. Society research collections are divided functionally into three major areas, Library, including newspapers, pamphlets, books; Archives, including organizational records, personal papers, and Wisconsin governmental records; and Visual and Sound Archives, including photographs, posters and other graphics.

The Manuscript Division of the Library of Congress seeks to preserve personal papers and organizational records that document the course of America's national experience. Its more than 10,000 collections with more than 40,000,000 manuscript items touch upon every aspect of American history and culture. Collections containing labor-related material are considerable and constitute a major archive for labor history research. Some of the organizational records in the library includes the American Federation of Labor Letterbooks, American Friends Service Committee Work Camp Diary, Brotherhood of the Sleeping Car Porters, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, National Association of Railway Postal Clerks, National Child Labor Committee, National Consumers League, National Women's Trade Union League of America, and People's Legislative Service. Some of the personal papers included in the library are of Henry J. Allen, former governor of Kansas, Otto S. Beyer, a consulting engineer and labor-management relations specialist, Warren K. Billings, a labor militant, William E. Borah, a former U.S. Senator from Idaho, and Andrew Carnegie, a labor activist in the late 19th century.