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Public utility buildings are formal, structurally and functionally complex entities. In order to demonstrate energy-related defects of building designs developed by students, the conduct of analyses was proposed. The completed designs of public utility buildings were examined with regard to the energy efficiency of the solutions they feature through the application of the following program: Ecotect software was sufficient. Thus, it has been reached that how can be designed public utility buildings according to energy efficiency. Paying more attention to the energy aspect must change the previously designed architectural design of buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 19th century was a period of significant transformations in Ottoman architecture in terms of the professionalization of discipline and the actualization of new construction technologies and architectural styles. The basic reason for this situation was the changing politics of Ottoman rulers that was based on the aim of achieving westernization in every aspect of life. In this context, an architectural medium has occurred especially in public building constructions where western based design approaches dominated the architectural production. Whereas, public buildings having different architectural characteristics than this westernization based architectural production, were also constructed in different peripheries of the empire. It is argued in this article that public buildings with polyglossia architectures were built in those regions that were generally concentrated on the facades and had architectural qualities different than the public building constructions executed mostly in İstanbul and other central cities of the empire. In this framework, the characteristics of these polyglossia observed on public building facades that contributed to the formation of architectural diversities in the empire are aimed to be examined. These polyglossia approaches that didn't transform into stabled architectural styles are evaluated within the framework of the design components and constructional elements applied on the buildings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The architecture of public buildings in Cuba experienced significant changes from the mid-twentieth century to the present, with a decrease in the quantity and quality of the works, which has led to the loss of references for this type of facilities in the country. This article presents the results of researches and projects that were proposed to study the development of works for health, education, culture and sport in order to define their trends in the period analyzed and to propose solutions for their future development in the transformation processes of Cuban cities. Proposals based on past experience, new approaches to public building architecture and current demand are presented. The works were developed in ten urban areas of the west of the country with the participation of students of architecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this research is to investigate why architectural design practice in the public domain in Iran has not implemented quality management systems (QMSs) as effectively as expected. Through an in-depth review of the literature and a set of interviews, a framework of challenges is identified and validated, and it served as the basis of a survey among high-ranked design firms active in public projects. This study shows that there are many barriers to reach design excellence, rooted in general policies and standards, characteristics of clients’ organizations, and strategies and organizational factors in design firms. Although many design firms and agencies in Iran have certification of accredited QMSs, realities of architectural design practice show that norms in public projects clearly contradict principles of QMSs and make them ineffective. This study reveals a strong need for developing QMSs that address (1) true definition of design quality in standards and guidelines, (2) importance of final users and public community as true customers of public projects, (3) strategies in design firm management and organizational structures, (4) prerequisites of learning cycle in design projects, and (5) modifications in cultures and interactions among parties involved in design decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents an analysis of the villa that used to belong to the ban (governor) of Savska banovina (province), Ivo Perović, and which is known today as "ban's villa" (21 Upper Street). It was designed by architect Egon Steinmann and built in 1932 in the historic centre of Rab. Its traditional architectural style differentiates it from the majority of Steinmann's interwar public buildings built in Zagreb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The San Francisco Federal Building, designed by Morphosis Architects, is an exciting new landmark on the city's skyline. It's also a model of sustainable design. Building materials and construction strategies minimized waste and energy consumption. A folded screen on the south façade is a "living skin" that reduces solar gain while admitting abundant natural light. And prevailing winds, rather than air conditioning, cool most of the tower offices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the past decades, large windows and glazed facades have become an important part of modern architecture and they are designed frequently in both public and residential buildings. However, besides the positive effect of such a design on building occupants, large windows may cause thermal discomfort. Cold inner window surface may generate draught in the occupied zone. Thermal comfort in rooms is usually assessed by measuring air temperature, relative humidity, air velocity and heat transfer due to radiation. In this study computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods have been used to investigate these phenomena. Air movement caused by cold vertical window surfaces was evaluated and its impact on thermal comfort conditions in rooms have been outlined. Windows of different constructions and having different heat transmission coefficients were modelled (2.4, 1.6 and 1.0 W/m2K). CFD predictions showed that even in cases of low window thermal transmittance coefficient (U value), thermal discomfort conditions may appear in the room if the height of the window is more than 2.0 meters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public architecture in the United States is confronted with the seemingly opposing needs of openness of a democratic society and heightened security concerns in a post-September 11th world. The reconciliation of these two contrasting needs is hindered by a lack of common understanding of the concept of openness. The authors believe that a better understanding of the concept of openness in the context of design will help in making sensible trade-offs between openness and security concerns in public buildings. Using courthouses as an example of public architecture, the authors investigate different interpretations of openness from the design teams' point of view. The study reveals six conceptualizations of openness: accessibility, transparency, exposure, organizational clarity, illumination, and inclusiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article features the masterplan designed by Barton Myers and Associates for the Phoenix Municipal Center Design Competition in Phoenix, Arizona. It aims to create a Municipal Center that will act as a catalyst for surrounding developments including projects for the County, the State and the private sector. It also features a Civic Plaza, public buildings, and a network of gardens, lanes and courts linked by an aqueduct. The scheme's colors, images and materials are also cited.

The article features the scheme designed by architects Hammond Beeby and Babka for the Phoenix Municipal Center Design Competition in Phoenix, Arizona. The objectives of the design includes establishing and expressing Phoenix's identity as a city, housing the various municipal functions in structures that impress by their functional efficiency, and implementing the economy of means at every stage without detracting from the lasting value of the buildings.

The article features the scheme designed by architect Ricardo Legoretta for the Phoenix Municipal Center Design Competition in Phoenix, Arizona. The masterplan includes a public square and the principal buildings of the Municipal Center and Council Chambers. The architectural style considered the social, cultural, historical and climatic character of Phoenix.

The article features the scheme designed by architects Arata Isozaki & Associates for the Phoenix Municipal Center Design Competition in Phoenix, Arizona. The key concepts of the scheme include the City Axis, City Gate, City Room, City Corridor, City Sanctuary and City Colour. The concentration of government and public buildings around Washington Street are cited. The elements, symbolisms, materials, and colors of the scheme are also highlighted.

The article features the scheme designed by architect Michael Graves for the Phoenix Municipal Center Design Competition in Phoenix, Arizona. The thematic basis for the designs is the symbolic presence of the mythical phoenix bird coupled with the life-giving force of water. It features the new City Hall, City Council Chamber, Municipal Courts and Water Building. The masterplan also takes into account the exiting structure of blocks and streets and the particular climate of the city.

The author describes the schemes presented at the design competition called by Mayor Terry Goddard in early 1985 for a new Municipal Government Center in Phoenix, Arizona. Goddard's aim was to capture the uniqueness of Phoenix architecturally and to create a Phoenix Style which the people of Phoenix and across the U.S. will recognize. The schemes include the use of the image of the Phoenix bird, the adoption of a Free-Style Classicism, and the use of color tones of the desert.

The article discusses the architectural structures designed by architect Joseph Pickford in Derbyshire, England. Pickford has designed several villas, town houses, the St. Mary's Birmingham church and the Moot Hall public building. Architectural historians did not consider him as a great architect or leader of fashion as they found out that the details he used in designing the houses are not original. However, he has a great contribution in building various structures in the country including the Ashbourne three houses, St. Helen's House and the Etruria Hall.

The article examines why Ammi Burnham Young's architectural design for the federal customhouses in the U.S. in the 1850s, abandoned porticoes, columns, and other neoclassical elements of contemporary architectures and adopted the more unpretentious forms of the Italian Renaissance palazzo. It explores the dynamic connection between aesthetic expression and design method, and between the method of creating form and the form that is actually produced. It is pointed out that the Civil War and its aftermath had destroyed the order that had supported Young's refined and economic aesthetic for federal civic architecture.

The article describes the architectural design made by Kisho Kurukawa for the Okinawa Prefectural Government Headquarters in Naha, Japan. The layout of this large complex of administration offices, parliament and police headquarters was designed to optimize the use of the existing buildings while the new complex is under construction.

The article features the scheme designed by architects Charles W. Moore of Urban Innovation Group and Howard Needles Tammen & Bergendoff for the Phoenix Municipal Center Design Competition in Phoenix, Arizona. The components of Phoenix's evolving images which the designers incorporated in the masterplan are highlighted. The concept that organizes all the elements of the design as well as the materials, hues and symbolisms used in the scheme are also highlighted.