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The grand narrative of cultural developments claims that all technical achievements in prehistory stemmed from urban centres in Mesopotamia and Egypt. But current studies, for instance on the oldest wagons, have opened up space for alternative working hypotheses and models: modern radiocarbon dating of complexes that revealed the cited innovations, e.g. the oldest wagons, functional metal tools, and an advanced copper metallurgy, which predate their fi rst appearance in Mesopotamia, questions the role of this region in the development of technology. Possibly Mesopotamian cities operated rather as a melting pot of numerous innovations obtained from different areas, which were then re-combined and placed into a different context. The North Caucasus, in particular the Early Bronze Age Maykop culture, is an exemplary candidate for such an interactive process in technical developments. The Maykop culture has been known in research for 120 years, and its genesis is supposed to have originated in Mesopotamia. This is an archaeological narrative meant to explain the high technical state of the Maykop culture. In the light of the new chronology based on a relatively small number of radiocarbon dates, a re-examination and alternative models are necessary. It is obvious that this culture developed a highly innovative potential in metalworking and sheep breeding and fulfi lled an important function as mediator in knowledge transfer between the Eurasian steppe and Upper Mesopotamia. Recent aDNA studies support this view.

The results of Bayesian analysis using 43 new high-precision AMS radiocarbon dates on maize, faunal remains, and ceramic residues from 18 precontact Iroquoian village sites in Northern New York are presented. Once thought to span AD 1350–1500, the period of occupation suggested by the modeling is approximately AD 1450–1510. This late placement now makes clear that Iroquoians arrived in the region approximately 100 years later than previously thought. This result halves the time in which population growth and significant changes in settlement occurred. The new chronology allows us to better match these events within a broader Northeast temporal framework.

Recent archaeological survey and excavation in China have demonstrated that large sites of the late fourth and third millennia BC were situated not on the Central Plains - where the later dynastic centres were located - but along the Yangtze and lower Yellow River Basins. Their decline in the late third and second millennia BC coincided with the growth of sites to the north of the Central Plains. Evidence for settlement size and a new chronology constructed from radiocarbon dates emphasise discontinuities in the geographic distribution of settlements, combined with continuity in cultural practices of ritual feasts and the use of symbolic jades.

The Ganeshwar-Jodhpura Chalcolithic culture was first discovered in the 1970’s post the excavation at Jodhpura and Ganeshwar respectively. However over the years, one of the major drawbacks in the study of the culture is the dating and periodisation. This paper on the basis of ceramic analysis and comparative studies of graffiti is an attempt to divide the site of Ganeshwar into two periods viz. the Early and Mature Period and proposes a new chronology. The characteristics features specifically in terms of ceramics of both the periods have been defined.

Since a radiocarbon chronology of the Dalton culture in the Southeast was first proposed, several new sites have been dated. I propose a new chronology based on radiocarbon dates from sites...

Unusually for a Palaeolithic cave, the Grotta di Cala dei Genovesi on the island of Levanzo, off the west coast of Sicily, Italy, has yielded evidence of both parietal and mobiliary art. Developments in dating techniques since the excavations of the 1950s now allow the age of the mobiliary art�an engraved aurochs�to be determined. At the same time, stylistic comparison of the parietal art at Grotta di Cala dei Genovesi with other broadly contemporaneous sites that demonstrate well-documented cave art allows a relative chronology to be proposed. The two methods taken together enable a direct chronological comparison to be made between the production of parietal and mobiliary art at this important cave site.

Recently, Inomata and colleagues (2014) proposed a revision to Shook and Popenoe de Hatch's (1999) chronology of Kaminaljuyu, recommending a new chronology based on detailed Bayesian analysis of the calibrated dates. In this article, I present data suggesting that Inomata and colleagues' proposed chronology should be viewed with caution, especially with regard to the apogee of Kaminaljuyu, the Verbena and Arenal phases. Furthermore, the impact of their revised chronology is overstated because the model of highland-to-lowland diffusion that they attack has long been moribund.

The period around 50 000–35 000 years ago constitutes one of the most debated research issues in European archaeology of the Palaeolithic. In this time period, the transition from the Middle to the Upper Palaeolithic took place. Locally, in different areas of Europe, this shift is recorded in so-called transitional assemblages. The eastern fringe of these transitional assemblages is represented by the Jerzmanowician, the unit described on the basis of a lithic assemblage from Nietoperzowa Cave (Poland). The unit is a part of a European transitional complex called the Lincombian–Ranisian–Jerzmanowician. Up to now, the radiocarbon dates presented in the literature have only allowed us to set the age of the Jerzmanowician at c.40 000–45 000 ka cal bp. In this study, we present 42 new radiocarbon dates. We attempt to set the archaeological record of the Jerzmanowician from Nietoperzowa Cave in an accurate chronological framework, based on Bayesian statistical processing of radiocarbon dates. We conclude that the lower boundary of layer 6 in Nietoperzowa Cave can be statistically located in the range 44 000–42 000 cal bp and the upper limit for the Jerzmanowician is estimated to c.31 000 cal bp. New data raises a question on the correlation with upper layer 4. In the light of the new chronology, the attribution of the archaeological inventory from layer 4 to the Jerzmanowician seems questionable.

Vadnagar town of western India (North Gujarat) possess continuous human habitation record since ~2500 years. Owing to its rich cultural heritage, the town had been visited by Chinese pilgrims including Hiuen Tsang in 640 CE. Recent archaeological excavations at Vadnagar revealed continuous sequence of seven successive cultures from the Early historic (6th century BCE to 4th century BCE) period till present. From 2017 to 18 excavation seasons, ~18–20 m accumulation of cultural deposits were found at Ambaghat and Darbargarh localities. To complement and fortify the cultural chronology of these ancient cultural deposits, both conventional radiocarbon (C-14) and optically stimulated dating (OSL) methods were employed. Three C-14 and five OSL dates matched perfectly with the cultural ages of deposits and the entire cultural sequence spanned between 2nd century BCE to 6th century CE. Geochemical proxies (δ13C, δ 15N, C/N ratios) of excavated soil-sediments were measured to infer hydro-environmental conditions while soil magnetic parameters (χlf, χhf and χfd%) were measured to assess anthropogenic heating history. Average δ 13CTOC values of both trenches (−20.7 ± 3.5‰, −19.5 ± 3.5‰) indicated drier status of soil-sediments. Soil magnetic susceptibilities at lower and higher frequency ranges (χlf and χhf) varied in overlapping ranges i.e. 88.5 ± 43.1 and 121.4 ± 72.1 (10−8m3 kg−1) respectively, indicating the presence of super paramagnetic grains in the soil attributable to firing activities of soil-sediment. Average χfd% values (8.3 ± 1.1, 7.7 ± 2.0) indicate excavated soils undergone pedogenic processes.

In this article the various problems related to the fragmentarycorpusof Theagenes (FGrHist774) are tackled. The author first proposes an analysis of theAntiquities of Macedonia(Μακεδονικὰ πάτρια), delving into its connections with local Greek historiography. Then he produces evidence to confirm Theagenes’ authorship of theHistory of Caria(Καρικά) quoted by Stephanus of Byzantium (cf.FGrHist774 F 16). In addition he reaffirms the identification of the historian with the obscure Theogenes, author of a workOn Aegina(Περὶ Αἰγίνης: cf.FGrHist300). He finally suggests a new chronology for Theagenes, and dates his works to the late third centurybc, linking the topics addressed in thecorpusto the reign of Philip V of Macedonia.

The Ottoman reoccupation of the site of Kaman-Kalehoyuk (Kirsehir Province, Turkey) apparently occurred sometime during the fifteenth century CE, a time of massive territorial and administrative transformation in the Empire. A rich suite of archaeobotanical material recovered from the site offers a potentially invaluable source of information on Ottoman-era Anatolian agroeconomy, especially since historiographic research on the topic has uniformly ignored archaeological perspectives. Here we present results of a multi-proxy analysis aimed at establishing an absolute multiphasic chronology for Kaman-Kalehoyuk’s Ottoman occupation, founded upon Bayesian statistical modelling of high-precision radiocarbon dates from cereal remains. We use the new chronology to position Kaman-Kalehoyuk’s resettlement within a historical context, allowing a new perspective on settlement responses to large-scale Ottoman sociopolitical change in Anatolia.

Recent reassessment of the sequence at the highland Maya centre of Kaminaljuyu has led to a substantial chronological revision for Preclassic southern Mesoamerica. The new chronology suggests that various centres on the Gulf Coast, in Chiapas and in the Southern Maya Region experienced political disruption or reorganisation at the end of the Middle Preclassic period around 350 BC. It also shifts the initial rise and height of Kaminaljuyu forward 300 years. These shifts dramatically alter our understanding of sculptural developments in the Southern Maya Region, and emphasise the role of inter-regional interaction in the development of Maya civilisation.

Two recent publications on the age and integrity of Madjedbebe (Clarkson et al. 2015, 2017) make a compelling case for Aboriginal occupation of Greater Australia by 55,000 cal BP and certainly well...

* I would like to express my gratitude to Prof. Em. M. Tanret, Prof. K. De Graef, and the reviewers who read through and commented on this article. I am most grateful for the access the former provided to the Ghent University seal and prosopographical databases, and the VHS recordings of the Tell ed-Dēr archive (Di). Further, I would like to thank Mr. E. Smekens for drawing the seals with such great care for detail. The following abbreviations are used for the names of the Old Babylonian kings from Sippar: Bti = Buntaḫtun-ila; Im = Immerum; Sle = Sumu-lā-el; Sa = Sabium; AS = Apil-Sin; Sm = Sin-muballiṭ; Ḫa = Ḫammu-rabi; Si = Samsuiluna; Ae = Abi-esuḫ; Ad = Ammi-ditana; Aṣ = Ammi-ṣaduqa; Sd = Samsu-ditana. All absolute dates given follow the New Chronology from H. Gasche et al., Dating the Fall of Babylon. A Reappraisal of Second-Millennium Chronology, Mesopotamian History and Environment Series II, Memoirs 4 (Ghent, 1998). All text abbreviations cited follow either the Chicago Assyrian Dictionary or R. Pientka, Die spataltbabylonische Zeit (Munster, 1998); the series MHET = L. Dekiere, Old Babylonian Real Estate Documents from Sippar in the British Museum (Ghent, 1994–1998), vols. 1–6. 1 See the tables for references to the tablets on which the eighteen seal impressions are attested. 2 See the excellent study of D. Matthews, Principles of Composition in Near Eastern Glyptic of the Later Second Millennium B.C., Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis Series Archaeologica 8 (Freiburg, 1990): 27–54, who states that “the decorative and functional role of seals would be adequately provided by a system which specified of the recarved seal is rather remarkable by itself. Moreover, the seal was used by four different persons, i.e., two merchants and their respective sons, covering a period of at least eighty-five years. By considering this seal in its professional and familial context, it is possible to shed light on its iconography and use, and on the dual transmission of a title and a seal from father to son. The data presented are considered in the context of over 7,000 seal impressions dated to the Old Babylonian period and deriving from the ancient city of Sippar, and more than 56,000 names, assembled in a prosopographical database by the Assyriological staff of the Near East department of Ghent University.

Shuidonggou localities 1 and 2 provide key evidence for the Initial Upper Palaeolithic of north-east Asia. In a recent article inAntiquity(87 (2013), 368–383), Liet al.proposed a new chronology, building on the earlier results of Madsenet al.(Antiquity75 (2001), 705–716). Here Susan Keates and Yaroslav Kuzmin take issue with the new chronology. The article is followed by a response from Li and Gao.

Concrete is regarded as a quintessentially Roman achievement. The spread of the technology is usually dated to the fourth or third centuriesb.c., and interpreted as a symptom of Rome's early expansion in Italy. In this paper I offer a reappraisal of the available evidence for early concrete construction in Rome. On the basis of stratigraphic evidence, I conclude that a later date should be assigned to most of the remains. I situate the origins of the technological innovation within the radical change in architectural styles that unfolded in the middle of the second centuryb.c., affecting both domestic architecture and public building. The new chronology has an impact on current models of cultural diffusion in Roman Italy, linking the development of Late Republican architecture with the broader debate on the cultural implications of the Roman conquest.

We describe the development of a new chronology for the Postclassic site of Calixtlahuaca, Toluca, Mexico. We identify three ceramic phases using discriminant analysis of decorated and plainware types. These phases are consistent with excavated stratigraphy, as well as a series of 54 radiocarbon dates. We then assign absolute dates to the phases using Bayesian analysis of radiocarbon dates and historical information on the date of site abandonment. The resulting chronology identifies three phases at the site: Dongu (A.D. 1130-1380), Ninupi (A.D. 1380-1450), and Yata (A.D. 1450-1530). We then discuss the local and regional implications of the chronology. More broadly, our results demonstrate the utility of using multiple, complementary methods for developing more precise chronologies.

An extensive survey followed by OSL (optically stimulated luminescence) dating of loess accumulation in agricultural terraces at six Byzantine and Early Islamic sites in the Negev Highlands revealed clear stratigraphic and chronological sequences. Traditionally dated to the 1st–7th centuries A.D., results from the present study demonstrate that the construction and use of largescale agricultural systems took place in the 4th–11th centuries A.D. This new chronology provides the framework for a more precise interpretation of the circumstances of construction and demise of largescale agriculture in the Negev Highlands. The agricultural fields were exploited continuously, yet ancient farmers had to confront the environmental hazards of occasional intensive floods, successive years of drought, and a constant process of loess accumulation and erosion. The constant maintenance and repair of fields necessitated an investment of labor. However, it seems that the expansion of ancient agriculture was part of the natural growth and development of Byzantine settlements in the Negev, and not the outcome of planned government enterprise. The agricultural systems were abandoned in the course of the 11th century A.D. and sporadically reused by pastoral nomads.

This paper proposes a new chronology for the burial complex at Jebel Moya, south-central Sudan. It reassesses the body of evidence from Sir Henry Wellcome's original 1911-1914 excavations in order to place the site within a firm chronological framework by: (a) applying an attribute-based approach to discern discrete pottery assemblages; and (b) applying initial OSL dates to facilitate the reliable dating of this site for the first time. Jebel Moya is re-interpreted as a burial complex situated on the southern periphery of the late Meroitic state, and its potential to serve as a chronological and cultural reference point for future studies in south-central and southern Sudan is outlined.Cet article propose une nouvelle chronologie pour Jebel Moya, site funéraire du centre-sud du Soudan. Les données provenant des fouilles qui y furent menées par Sir Henry Wellcome en 1911–14 sont réexaminées afin de placer le site dans une trame chronologique ferme, en employant une analyse par attributs pour définir des assemblages distincts de céramique, et en mettant en œuvre des datation OSL pour faciliter la première datation fiable du site. Nous réinterprétons Jebel Moya comme un site funéraire à la périphérie sud de l'état Méroitique tardif, et nous soulignons le potentiel du site pour servir de référence chronologique et culturelle à de futures études dans le sud et le centre-sud du Soudan.

Understanding the prehistoric narrative of a region requires good dating, and in recent years good dating has moved increasingly from models drawn from types of artefacts to a framework provided by radiocarbon sequences. This in turn is bringing a change in the way events are described: from broad cultural histories to a network of local sequences. In this case study, the authors apply this rethinking to the Copper Age in a key region of Europe, the Great Hungarian Plain in the Carpathian Basin. They replace the traditional Early and Middle Copper Age, defined by pottery types, with an 800-year sequence in which six cemetery and settlement sites experience different trajectories of use, and the pottery types make intermittent and often contemporary appearances. In this new chronology based on radiocarbon, the variations in pottery use must have some other explanation.

The remains of fortified archaeological sites abound in hilltop locations on the island of East Timor (Timor-Leste). Archaeologists have linked the emergence of these fortified settlements with environmental change. Some point to a period of reduced rainfall and increased environmental fluctuations beginning about AD 1000, while others cite relatively large-scale climate change during the post-AD 1300 transition from the Medieval Warm Period to the Little Ice Age. Both groups link environmental change to resource unpredictability which in turn leads to inter-group conflict. Of course environmental change is not the only possible trigger for conflict; a variety of social or economic factors could also be responsible. Here we present data on three fortified sites in East Timor, two of which have been dated, and combine these new data with previous work to develop a new chronology for fortifications in eastern East Timor. We then evaluate potential environmental and social factors against this chron...

The chronology of the Early Bronze Age (EBA) in the southern Levant and the synchronization between the sites, considering seriation and radiocarbon dates, have shown large inconsistencies and disagreement. We have assembled 420 14C dates, most of them previously published and a few provided directly by the excavators. The dates have been re-evaluated on the basis of their archaeological context and using analytical criteria. Bayesian modeling has been applied to the selected dates in relation to the given seriation of the EBA subperiods (EB I, II III, IV). Sites with 2 or more sequential subphases were individually modeled in order to define the transitions between the subperiods. The new chronology indicates that the EB I–II transition occurred site-dependently between 3200–2900 BC, with EB II–III around 2900 BC, and EB III–IV ~2500 BC. DOI: 10.2458/azu_js_rc.v54i3–4.16403

Dendrochronology has proved useful in suggesting the provenance of timbers in northern Europe, particularly for ship-timbers, which may have originated from a distant source. Historical chronologies are usually derived from timbers of uncertain origin. In trying to provenance a new chronology, therefore, trends in the geographical distribution of statistical matches should be viewed, rather than individual strong matches. While it is usual to test a site-chronology created from several individual timbers, in a situation such as the Mary Rose, where individual timbers may have been sourced from several regions, the matches of individual timbers may shed light on their origins. © 2010 The Author © 2011 The Author. International Journal of Nautical Archaeology © 2011 The Nautical Archaeology Society.

The paper suggests a new chronology for the several types and sub-types of Roman and Byzantine period (1st–6th centuries CE) bowls produced at the Galilean village of Kefar Hananya, unifying the early types under the rubric, 'Early Galilean Bowls', and redating the 'Late Galilean Bowls' to as late as the 6th century CE.

The paper proposes a new chronology for the lmlk and the the so-called 'private' Judahite stamp impressions. It suggests that the lmlk stamp impression system was introduced in the final quarter of the 8th century BCE when Judah became an Assyrian vassal kingdom, and that it should be interpreted in light of the new economic and administrative policies that became operative in Judah during this period. The paper maintains that the lmlk system persisted and developed after Sennacherib's 701 BCE campaign, reusing old jars from sites not destroyed in the onslaught and also producing new jars with new types of stamp impressions. The paper further suggests that the jars with the so-called private stamp impressions were limited in number and restricted in distribution (primarily to the Shephelah of Judah), and were manufactured for only a short time (from 704–701 BCE) as part of Judah's preparations against the impending Assyrian campaign.

The traditional archaeological chronology in the Japanese Islands during the Jomon period was essentially based on the relative age given to cord-impressed patterns marked on pottery, as well as the shape of the pottery and the thickness of the cultural layers that were excavated. We aimed to correlate the classical archaeological chronology with calibrated radiocarbon dates, to posit a new chronology for the Jomon period in northeastern Japan. We calibrated 80 accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C dates from NE Japan and reconstructed a chronological timetable for Hokkaido and the Tohoku District. We collected 43 samples from 5 shellmounds and 2 archaeological sites on Hokkaido Island and 4 shellmounds in the Tohoku District in order to determine the calibrated age of their sites. ΔR values used on Hokkaido Island and the Tohoku District were between 282 and –158 yr and between ±0 and –40 yr, respectively. The large ΔR value for the eastern part of Hokkaido Island indicates the influence of the Oyashio Current, while an anomalous ΔR value was obtained from northern Hokkaido Island. These figures show larger apparent ΔR values than those from southwest Japan (Nakamura et al. 2007). The calibrated Jomon period in the investigated area was from 2000 to 200 yr younger than the previous chronology. Calibrated 14C ages of the shellmounds investigated ranged between ∼6000 and 3000 yr, correlating to the Early Jomon and Final Jomon periods as indicated by the former archaeological chronology of Honshu Island.

A reanalysis of the chronology of Pololu Valley, located in the district of Kohala on Hawai'i Island, is presented using standard radiocarbon and accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) dating. Using curated materials from the 1970s, Pololu is reassessed and found to have the earliest coastal occupations in this part of Hawai'i, beginning about AD 1300. Occupations at the dunes and in the valley interior are investigated, as are dryland and wetland field agricultural systems. These data provide a refined model for expansion and intensification of agricultural production in the 15th–17th centuries, and link this remote valley to demographic and sociopolitical trends that were occurring in the rest of Hawai'i.

The combination of a mistake made by Lepsius with the Oracle of year 7 whm mswt has always prevented Egyptologists from acknowledging Herihor as a real king: apparently he predeceased the king he served and was succeeded as High Priest of Amun by his son, Piankh, in year 7 of the Renaissance. Now that Jansen-WinkeIn has reversed the order of Piankh and Herihor it finally becomes possible to accept Herihor as a true king, albeit not as the direct successor of Ramses XI Menmare. Evidence from the oracle of Herihor, the report of Wenamun and the Temple of Khonsu shows that following the death of this ruler, Herihor continued to serve as High Priest under a Pharaoh Pinuzem for ca. 10 years before he ascended to the throne himself to rule for some 20 years. The article ends with a discussion of the ways the Banishment stele can be incorporated in this new chronology.

Recent archaeological investigations of post-Chavin occupations in the North-Central Highlands of Peru (Department of Ancash) provide new chronological data that help situate the Recuay culture and its transformations in time. Because of the burgeoning interest in northern Peru, and the cultural complexity of the Early Intermediate Period (ca. A.D. 1–700) in general, a reconsideration of Recuay prehistory is needed. This complements the recent advances in the cultural sequences of coeval groups such as Moche, Nasca, and Cajamarca. The discussion reviews ceramic and radiometric evidence to reconstruct six broad cultural periods, of which the first four can be identified as components of a “Recuay Tradition.” To evaluate changing cultural relationships and exchange patterns in northern Peru, the new chronology clarifies local North Highland transformations following Chavin's collapse (ca. 100 B.C), coast-highland interactions between Recuay and Moche/Gallinazo groups (ca. A.D. 200–700), and changing...

The authors use their revised chronology for the Mariupol-type cemeteries (presented in Antiquity 76: 356-63 (2002)) to offer a new sequence for Neolithic settlement and economy in Ukraine. They find that the transition to the Neolithic began about 6500 cal BC, but co-existed with Mesolithic communities for a further millennium. In about 4500 cal BC early copper age cultures appeared, which in turn coexisted with the Neolithic in neighbouring areas. Co-existent cultures are defined in terms of their artefacts, subsistence strategies, burial practice and physical types. The Mariupol-type cemeteries seem to have had their origins in the late Mesolithic and endured into the Copper Age, a period of more than two thousand years (c. 6500–4000 cal BC).

The traditional Iron Age chronology has recently been challenged by I. Finkelstein who proposed a wholesale lowering of its dates. The cornerstone of the new chronology is the seeming absence of Ph...

Recent archaeological reports from excavations carried out round the Royal castles and palaces suggest that a completely new chronology of roof covering for high-status buildings in Scotland should now be formulated.

L'article s'interesse a la chronologie relative entre le monde egyptien (fin de la periode predynastique, debut de la periode dynastique) et l'empire Uruk. Des contacts entrent les deux civilisations sont mises en evidence par des transferts de technologies, de materiels et de sujets pour l'iconographie. Mais en aucun cas, la civilisation Uruk est a l'origine de la civilisation egyptienne.

International audience; The emergence and evolution of social complexity remains a major topic in African later prehistory. This paper aims to examine this question in the Dogon Country in Mali by reassessing the chronocultural sequence of Toloy-Tellem-Dogon that was defined 40 years ago. Our discovery of two new sites on the Bandiagara Escarpment with coiled clay tombs (Dourou-Boro and Yawa-vaches), the systematic dating of these structures, the re-analysis of similar buildings in Pégué, as well as the establishment of a typology of architectural techniques, led us to propose a continuous chronocultural evolution for these structures, now considered to be primary burials and not granaries, over about 1800 years. Detailed study of the ceramics also indicates the evolution of local traditions, progressively integrating new elements following many contacts with neighboring regions during the 1st millennium AD. Finally, the chemical analysis of the glass beads discovered in Dourou-Boro shows that these societies were using beads made in the Middle East at least from the last quarter of the 1st millennium AD on. The new data presented in this article highlight, on one hand, the originality, antiquity, and longevity of burial practices indicating a strong local cultural identity, and, on the other hand, the participation of pre-Dogon populations (long reputed for being isolated from the outside world) in broader African socioeconomic dynamics.

Using the classic thermoluminescence (TL) dating technique for fired ceramic materials, we have obtained the first direct ages for five ceramic artifacts recovered from BfDa-1, a prehistoric archaeological site located in St. Croix, southcentral Nova Scotia. BfDa-1 is the only archaeological site in Nova Scotia to produce the full range of ceramic styles associated with the Woodland or Ceramic Period (c. 1050 B.C. to A.D. 1500); thus our new chronology can be used to revise the current local and regional ceramic chronologies. The five sherds from the St. Croix site yielded absolute gas of 1.15 ± 0.15 ka to 2.62 ± 0.29 ka (1 ka = 1000 years). The oldest of these TL ages was obtained on a sherd decorated with a pseudoscallop shell design and is in excellent agreement with a 14C date of 2500 ± 120 B.P. associated with Early Ceramic artifacts at this site. The other TL ages are in agreement with the relative ceramic chronology deduced from their decorative attributes. All five TL dates are in the correct depth-age order. This demonstrates that the recent excavations explored a part of the site which remained undisturbed in spite of extensive agricultural and horticultural activities in the vicinity in recent centuries. The dates also indicate a high degree of compression for the cultural remains at the site. They suggest a sediment deposition rate of 1.3 cm/100 yr during the early stages of the occupation period (2000–2600 yr B.P.), and a decrease in the deposition rate to 0.5 cm/100 yr during the last 2000 years. These dates provide the first successful application of TL dating to ceramics of the Minas Basin area. They confirm an initial hypothesis based on the stylistic attributes of ceramics recovered from BfDa-1, that human occupation at the site must have been of long duration. The excellent quality of the analytical data indicates that the TL dating technique should be well suited to the study of ceramic technology in other parts of the province, and that local mineralogy is suitable for optical dating of sediments at the site and elsewhere in Nova Scotia. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Recent research in the Tonto Basin of central Arizona as part of the Bureau of Reclamation's Roosevelt Lake Project has led to the formulation of a new chronology and phase sequence. This chronology is presented and phases defined. Issues discussed include the presence of an indigenous, Early Ceramic period population (ca. A.D. 100–600); immigration of Hohokam groups into the Tonto Basin during the Gila Butte phase (A.D. 750–850); a change from a buffware- to whiteware-dominated ceramic interaction network during the transition between the Sacaton (A.D. 950–1050) and Ash Creek (A.D. 1050–1150) phases; immigration of pueblo groups during the Roosevelt phase (A.D. 1250–1350); and the construction of platform mounds beginning around A.D. 1280.

The profound and successful reforms of Diocletian and his co-rulers have continued to the evaluated and debated by scholars in recent decades. Not least among the topics discussed is Tetrarchie ideology and religions policy. In order to determine whether Diocletian's measures were first improvised and then given coherence during the course of his reign, or whether the monarch very quickly decided upon his fundamental ideas, one must clarify the chronology of the Tetrarchy. In reply to recent research on this subject, the following article proposes a new chronology of the Egyptian revolt and the Persian War, as well as a reconstruction of the essential steps informing Tetrarchic ideology and religions policy all of which underscores Diocletian's political rationality. [Author. Translated by D. Parrish]

A careful survey of reports of early sheep in southernmost Africa combines with new radiocarbon dates to revise our knowledge of early pastoralism in the Cape. The new chronology shows the keeping of domestic stock and the making of pottery are not simultaneous and intertwined but separate events in a more complex history.

– During their reigns, ruling Mauretania from their home at Caesarea, Juba II (ca 50 BC - 23 AD) and his son Ptolemaios (ca 14 BC - 40 AD) commissioned several portraits of superb quality. K. Fittschen published a systematic study, with dating and typology of the portraits. However, his unjustified interpretation of the portraits of the royal family in terms of an Augustan Bildnispolitik and disregard for the numismatic evidence which gives key dates for the life of Ptolemaios, led to serious dating errors. Unlike the portraits of Augustus, those of Juba II and Ptolemaios scrupulously record the kings’ age. A new chronology is proposed based on the age-defining features and revised dates for the life of Ptolemaios.

Etude historiographique, iconographique, stylistique et chronologique de plusieurs peintures murales representant Bouddha (transcendental et non historique) tronant au milieu d'une assemblee de Boddhisattvas et d'autres etres provenant de temples de la province du Shanxi et aujourd'hui conservees dans des musees nord-americains: Assemblee de Maitreya (1298 ou 1358), Assemblee de Bouddha (12e s.?), Assemblee de Tejaprabha (avant 12e s.?), Assemblee de Bhaisajyaguru (apres 1475), et Assemblee de Tejaprabha (apres 1475).

This article describes the most important of the results of the excavations carried out by the Institute over the last few years at Kilwa Kisiwani, and at other sites on islands off the southern coast of Tanzania. It sets out in particular the archaeological evidence for the new chronology proposed and for the architectural development.

The tree‐ring calibration of radiocarbon dates from the fifth to the first millennium B.C. is revolutionizing the absolute chronology of prehistoric Europe. After a survey of the scientific background, the implications and effects of these changes are considered. A new chronology is tentatively presented in tabular form. The very magnitude of the changes emphasizes how erroneous much recent diffusionist thinking has been, and how sterile much chronological discussion. The moral is drawn that we should be seeking configurations among the data of a different kind: the point is illustrated by reference to the prehistory of Malta.